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1. Neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy: moving from controversy to consensus definitions and subclassification

Author

Molloy, Eleanor J, Branagan, Aoife, Hurley, Tim, Quirke, Fiona, Devane, Declan, Taneri, Petek E, El-Dib, Mohamed, Bloomfield, Frank H, Maeso, Beccy, Pilon, Betsy, Bonifacio, Sonia L, Wusthoff, Courtney J, Chalak, Lina, Bearer, Cynthia, Murray, Deirdre M, Badawi, Nadia, Campbell, Suzann, Mulkey, Sarah, Gressens, Pierre, Ferriero, Donna M, de Vries, Linda S, Walker, Karen, Kay, Sarah, Boylan, Geraldine, Gale, Chris, Robertson, Nicola J, D’Alton, Mary, Gunn, Alistair, and Nelson, Karin B

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Good Health and Well Being, Steering Group for DEFiNE, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Pediatrics
Published
2023

2. Neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy: moving from controversy to consensus definitions and subclassification

Author

Molloy, Eleanor J., Branagan, Aoife, Hurley, Tim, Quirke, Fiona, Devane, Declan, Taneri, Petek E., El-Dib, Mohamed, Bloomfield, Frank H., Maeso, Beccy, Pilon, Betsy, Bonifacio, Sonia L., Wusthoff, Courtney J., Chalak, Lina, Bearer, Cynthia, Murray, Deirdre M., Badawi, Nadia, Campbell, Suzann, Mulkey, Sarah, Gressens, Pierre, Ferriero, Donna M., de Vries, Linda S., Walker, Karen, Kay, Sarah, Boylan, Geraldine, Gale, Chris, Robertson, Nicola J., D’Alton, Mary, Gunn, Alistair, and Nelson, Karin B.

Published
2023
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4. Multi-Round versus Real-Time Delphi survey approach for achieving consensus in the COHESION core outcome set: a randomised trial

Author

Quirke, Fiona A., Battin, Malcolm R., Bernard, Caitlin, Biesty, Linda, Bloomfield, Frank H., Daly, Mandy, Finucane, Elaine, Haas, David M., Healy, Patricia, Hurley, Tim, Koskei, Sarah, Meher, Shireen, Molloy, Eleanor J., Niaz, Maira, Bhraonáin, Elaine Ní, Okaronon, Christabell Omukagah, Tabassum, Farhana, Walker, Karen, Webbe, James R. H., Parkes, Matthew J., Kirkham, Jamie J., and Devane, Declan

Published
2023
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5. Outcomes of interventions in neonatal sepsis: A systematic review of qualitative research

Author

Taneri, Petek Eylul, primary, Devane, Declan, additional, Kirkham, Jamie, additional, Molloy, Eleanor, additional, Daly, Mandy, additional, Branagan, Aoife, additional, Suguitani, Denise, additional, Wynn, James L., additional, Kissoon, Niranjan, additional, Kawaza, Kondwani, additional, Simons, Sinno H. P., additional, Bonnard, Lívia Nagy, additional, Giannoni, Eric, additional, Strunk, Tobias, additional, Ohaja, Magdalena, additional, Mugabe, Kenneth, additional, Quirke, Fiona, additional, Bazilio, Kateregga, additional, and Biesty, Linda, additional

Published
2024
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7. Optimising research for neonates with encephalopathy: the role of core outcome sets

Author

Devane, Declan, primary, Ariff, Shabina, additional, Battin, Malcolm R., additional, Biesty, Linda, additional, Bloomfield, Frank H., additional, Daly, Mandy, additional, Healy, Patricia, additional, Haas, David M., additional, Kirkham, Jamie J., additional, Kibet, Vincent, additional, Koskei, Sarah, additional, Meher, Shireen, additional, Molloy, Eleanor J., additional, Niaz, Maira, additional, Bhraonáin, Elaine Ní, additional, Okaronon, Christabell Omukagah, additional, Parkes, Matthew J., additional, Tabassum, Farhana, additional, Walker, Karen, additional, Webbe, James W. H., additional, and Quirke, Fiona A., additional

Published
2024
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8. Research response to coronavirus disease 2019 needed better coordination and collaboration: a living mapping of registered trials

Author

Alawadhi, Solaf, Amer-Yahia, Sihem, Ávila, Camila, Bafeta, Aïda, Baudry, Julia, Bollig, Claudia, Bonnet, Hillary, Boutron, Isabelle, Bouet, Marinette, Cabanac, Guillaume, Chaimani, Anna, Chavalarias, David, Chen, Yaolong, Chevance, Astrid, Cohen-Boulakia, Sarah, Coquery, Emmanuel, Conil, Francoise, Davidson, Mauricia, De Nale, Laura, Devane, Declan, Diard, Elise, Doreau, Bastien, Evrenoglou, Theodoros, Fabri, Alice, Feron, Gilles, Ferrand, Gabriel, Fezeu, Leopold, Fouet, Mathilde, El Chall, Lina Ghosn, Graña, Carolina, Grasselli, Giacomo, Grolleau, François, Hacid, Mohand-Said, Haddy, Loubna, Hansen, Camilla, Hohlfeld, Ameer, Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn, Julia, Chantal, Mavridis, Dimitris, Meerpohl, Joerg J., Meyer, Brice, Naidoo, Nivantha, Thu, Van Nguyen, Oikonomidi, Theodora, Pienaar, Elizabeth, Quirke, Fiona, Rada, Gabriel, Ravaud, Philippe, Ripoll, Pierre, Riveros, Carolina, Rivière, Philippe, Sauvant, Marie, Schmucker, Christine, Toumani, Farouk, Tovey, David, Vuillemot, Romain, Xia, Jun, Yu, Xuan, Zoletic, Emina, Zweigenbaum, Pierre, Nguyen, Van Thu, and Barnier, Julien

Published
2021
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9. COHESION: a core outcome set for the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy

Author

Quirke, Fiona A., primary, Ariff, Shabina, additional, Battin, Malcolm R., additional, Bernard, Caitlin, additional, Biesty, Linda, additional, Bloomfield, Frank H., additional, Daly, Mandy, additional, Finucane, Elaine, additional, Healy, Patricia, additional, Haas, David M., additional, Kirkham, Jamie J., additional, Kibet, Vincent, additional, Koskei, Sarah, additional, Meher, Shireen, additional, Molloy, Eleanor J., additional, Niaz, Maira, additional, Bhraonáin, Elaine Ní, additional, Okaronon, Christabell Omukagah, additional, Parkes, Matthew J., additional, Tabassum, Farhana, additional, Walker, Karen, additional, Webbe, James W. H., additional, and Devane, Declan, additional

Published
2023
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10. Protocol for the development of a core outcome set for neonatal sepsis (NESCOS)

Author

Taneri, Petek Eylul, primary, Kirkham, Jamie J., additional, Molloy, Eleanor J., additional, Biesty, Linda, additional, Polin, Richard A., additional, Wynn, James L., additional, Stoll, Barbara J., additional, Kissoon, Niranjan, additional, Kawaza, Kondwani, additional, Daly, Mandy, additional, Branagan, Aoife, additional, Bonnard, Lívia Nagy, additional, Giannoni, Eric, additional, Strunk, Tobias, additional, Ohaja, Magdalena, additional, Mugabe, Kenneth, additional, Suguitani, Denise, additional, Quirke, Fiona, additional, and Devane, Declan, additional

Published
2023
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14. COHESION: a core outcome set for the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy.

Author

Quirke, Fiona A., Ariff, Shabina, Battin, Malcolm R., Bernard, Caitlin, Biesty, Linda, Bloomfield, Frank H., Daly, Mandy, Finucane, Elaine, Healy, Patricia, Haas, David M., Kirkham, Jamie J., Kibet, Vincent, Koskei, Sarah, Meher, Shireen, Molloy, Eleanor J., Niaz, Maira, Bhraonáin, Elaine Ní, Okaronon, Christabell Omukagah, Parkes, Matthew J., and Tabassum, Farhana

Published
2024
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15. COHESION core outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy

Author

Quirke, Fiona, Devane, Declan, and Health Research Board

Subjects
Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Health Sciences, neonatal encephalopathy, Nursing and Midwifery, COHESION core outcomes, Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences
Abstract

Neonatal encephalopathy is a complex neurological syndrome in newborn infants characterised by depression in tone and consciousness, impaired reflexes, and often seizures. The main subtype of neonatal encephalopathy is hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood reaching the brain and other organs of the body. Therapeutic hypothermia is commonly used to treat HIE in high-income countries, showing evidence of reducing the risk of death and improving outcomes such as neurodevelopmental disability. However, the beneficial effects of therapeutic hypothermia were not replicated in low- to middle-income countries, instead leading to increased death and adverse events in infants. New treatments are now being investigated in randomised trials for the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy. However, researchers cannot compare the findings of trials because different outcomes are measured and reported. One way to minimise the heterogeneity in outcomes reported is to develop a core outcome set (COS). A core outcome set is a standardised set of outcomes agreed by key stakeholders that should be measured and reported in all studies for a health condition as a minimum. The work presented in this thesis (The COHESION Study) aims to develop a COS for interventions for the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy 2023-10-29

Published
2022

16. Using Behavioural Science to Enhance Use of Core Outcome Sets in Trials

Author

Matvienko-Sikar, Karen, Byrne, Molly, Clarke, Mike, Kirkham, Jamie, Kottner, Jan, Mellor, Katie, Quirke, Fiona, Saldanha, Ian, Smith, Valerie, Toomey, Elaine, and Williamson, Paula

Subjects
Medicine and Health Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

Background: Core outcome sets (COS) represent agreed-upon sets of outcomes, which are the minimum that should be measured and reported in all trials in specific health areas. Use of COS can reduce outcome heterogeneity, selective outcome reporting, and research waste, and can facilitate evidence syntheses. Despite the benefits of using COS, current use of COS in trials is low. COS use can be understood as a behaviour, in that it is something trialists do, or not do, adequately. The aim of this study is to identify stakeholder-prioritised strategies, informed by behaviour change theory, to increase use of COS in trials. Methods: The project will be conducted in three stages, informed by the behaviour change wheel (BCW). The BCW is a theoretically based framework that can be used to classify, identify, and develop behaviour change strategies. In Stage 1, barriers and enablers to COS use will be extracted from published studies that examined trialist’s use of COS. Barriers and facilitators will then be mapped to the components of COM-B model (capability, opportunity, and motivation), which forms part of the BCW framework. Stage 2 will build on the findings of Stage 1 to identify and select intervention functions and behaviour change techniques to enhance COS use in trials. Stage 3 will involve an online stakeholder consensus meeting including members of relevant trial methodology or outcomes research groups, journal editors, and representatives of trial funding bodies and patients and the public. The purpose of the meeting is to prioritise identified intervention approaches that will inform future research to increase COS use. Discussion: The findings of this study will provide an understanding of the behavioural factors that influence COS use in trials, what strategies might be used to target these factors to increase COS use, and what strategies key stakeholders perceive as especially important in future research to enhance COS use in trials.

Published
2022
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17. Core outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy: a qualitative study with parents

Author

Quirke, Fiona, primary, Ariff, Shabina, additional, Battin, Malcolm, additional, Bernard, Caitlin, additional, Bloomfield, Frank H, additional, Daly, Mandy, additional, Devane, Declan, additional, Haas, David M, additional, Healy, Patricia, additional, Hurley, Tim, additional, Kibet, Vincent, additional, Kirkham, Jamie J, additional, Koskei, Sarah, additional, Meher, Shireen, additional, Molloy, Eleanor, additional, Niaz, Maira, additional, Ní Bhraonáin, Elaine, additional, Okaronon, Christabell Omukagah, additional, Tabassum, Farhana, additional, Walker, Karen, additional, and Biesty, Linda, additional

Published
2022
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18. Proceedings of the 13th International Newborn Brain Conference: Neonatal Neurocritical Care, Seizures, and Continuous EEG monitoring

Author

Abend, Nicholas, primary, Adams, Eleri, additional, Al Balushi, Asim, additional, Alburaki, Wissam, additional, Appendino, Juan, additional, Barbosa, Vargas Stephanie, additional, Birca, Ala, additional, Bonifacio, Sonia, additional, Branagan, Aoife, additional, Chang, Taeun, additional, Chowdhury, Rasheda, additional, Christou, Helen, additional, Chu, Catherine, additional, Cilio, M. Roberta, additional, Comani, Silvia, additional, Corsi-Cabrera, María, additional, Croce, Pierpaolo, additional, Cubero-Rego, Lourdes, additional, Dawoud, Fady, additional, de Vries, Linda, additional, Dehaes, Mathieu, additional, Devane, Declan, additional, Duncan, Aubrey, additional, El Ters, Nathalie, additional, El-Dib, Mohamed, additional, Elshibiny, Hoda, additional, Esser, Michael, additional, Fairchild, Karen, additional, Finucane, Elaine, additional, Franceschini, Maria Angela, additional, Gallagher, Anne, additional, Ghosh, Anirban, additional, Glass, Hannah, additional, Venkata, Sujith Kumar Reddy Gurram, additional, Baillet, Thalía Harmony, additional, Herzberg, Emily, additional, Hildrey, Emily, additional, Hurley, Tim, additional, Inder, Terrie, additional, Jacobs, Elke, additional, Jefferies, Kimberley, additional, Jermendy, Agnes, additional, Khazaei, Mohammad, additional, Kilmartin, Keira, additional, King, Graham, additional, Lauronen, Leena, additional, Lee, Sarah, additional, Leijser, Lara, additional, Lind, Janice, additional, Llaguno, Nathalie Sales, additional, Machie, Michelle, additional, Magalhães, Maurício, additional, Mahdi, Zamzam, additional, Maluomi, Julie, additional, Marandyuk, Bohdana, additional, Massey, Shavonne, additional, McCulloch, Charles, additional, Metsäranta, Marjo, additional, Mikkonen, Kirsi, additional, Mohammad, Khorshid, additional, Molloy, Eleanor, additional, Momin, Sarfaraz, additional, Munster, Chelsea, additional, Murthy, Prashanth, additional, Netto, Alexandre, additional, Nevalainen, Päivi, additional, Nguyen, Jennifer, additional, Nieves, Maria, additional, Nyman, Jenna, additional, Oliver, Norma, additional, Peeters, Cacha, additional, Pietrobom, Rafaela Fabri Rodrigues, additional, Pijpers, Judith, additional, Pinchefksy, Elana, additional, Ping, Yee Billie, additional, Quirke, Fiona, additional, Raeisi, Khadijeh, additional, Ricardo-Garcell, Josefina, additional, Robinson, Jill, additional, Rodrigues, Daniela Pereira, additional, Rosati, Justin, additional, Scott, James, additional, Scringer-Wilkes, Maxine, additional, Shellhaas, Renée, additional, Smit, Liesbeth, additional, Soul, Janet, additional, Srivastava, Ankur, additional, Steggerda, Sylke, additional, Sunwoo, John, additional, Szakmar, Eniko, additional, Tamburro, Gabriella, additional, Thomas, Sumesh, additional, Toiviainen-Salo, Sanna, additional, Toma, Adrian Ioan, additional, Vanhatalo, Sampsa, additional, Variane, Gabriel Fernando Todeschi, additional, Vein, Alla, additional, Vesoulis, Zachary, additional, Vilan, Ana, additional, Volpe, Joseph, additional, Weeke, Lauren, additional, Wintermark, Pia, additional, Wusthoff, Courtney, additional, Zappasodi, Filippo, additional, Zein, Hussein, additional, and Zempel, John, additional

Published
2022
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19. Use of Core Outcome Sets was Low in Clinical Trials Published in Major Medical Journals:Core outcome set use in clinical trials

Author

Matvienko-Sikar, Karen, Avery, Kerry, Blazeby, Jane, Devane, Declan, Dodd, Susanna, Egan, Aoife, Gorst, Sarah, Hughes, Karen, Jacobsen, Pamela, Kirkham, Jamie, Kottner, Jan, Mellor, Katie, Millward, Christopher, Patel, Smitaa, Quirke, Fiona, Saldanha, Ian, Smith, Valerie, Terwee, Caroline, Young, Amber, and Williamson, Paula

Subjects
Trials, Core Outcome Sets, Trial Outcomes
Abstract

Objectives. To examine current practices in late-phase trials published in major medical journals and examine trialists’ views about core outcome set (COS) use.Design and Setting: A sequential multi-methods study was conducted. We examined late-phase trials published between October 2019 and March 2020 in JAMA, NEJM, The Lancet, BMJ, and Annals of Internal Medicine. The COMET database was searched for COS potentially relevant to trials not reporting using a COS; overlap of trial and COS outcomes was examined. An online survey examined awareness of, and decisions to search for and use a COS. Results: Ninety-five trials were examined; 93 (98%) did not report using a COS. Relevant COS were identified for 31 trials (33%). Core outcomes were measured in 9 (23%) studies; all trials measured at least one core outcome. Thirty-one trialists (33%) completed our survey. The most common barrier to COS use was trialist’s own outcome preferences and choice (68%). The most common perceived facilitator was awareness and knowledge about COS (90%).Conclusion: COS use in this cohort of trials was low, even when relevant COS were available. Increased use of COS in clinical trials can improve evaluation of intervention effects and evidence synthesis and reduce research waste.

Published
2022

21. Research response to coronavirus disease 2019 needed better coordination and collaboration: a living mapping of registered trials

Author

Nguyen, Van Thu, Rivière, Philippe, Ripoll, Pierre, Barnier, Julien, Vuillemot, Romain, Ferrand, Gabriel, Cohen-Boulakia, Sarah, Ravaud, Philippe, Boutron, Isabelle, Alawadhi, Solaf, Amer-Yahia, Sihem, Ávila, Camila, Bafeta, Aïda, Baudry, Julia, Bollig, Claudia, Bonnet, Hillary, Bouet, Marinette, Cabanac, Guillaume, Chaimani, Anna, Chavalarias, David, Chen, Yaolong, Chevance, Astrid, Coquery, Emmanuel, Conil, Francoise, Davidson, Mauricia, De Nale, Laura, Devane, Declan, Diard, Elise, Doreau, Bastien, Evrenoglou, Theodoros, Fabri, Alice, Feron, Gilles, Fezeu, Leopold, Fouet, Mathilde, El Chall, Lina Ghosn, Graña, Carolina, Grasselli, Giacomo, Grolleau, François, Hacid, Mohand-Said, Haddy, Loubna, Hansen, Camilla, Hohlfeld, Ameer, Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn, Julia, Chantal, Mavridis, Dimitris, Meerpohl, Joerg J., Meyer, Brice, Naidoo, Nivantha, Thu, Van Nguyen, Oikonomidi, Theodora, Pienaar, Elizabeth, Quirke, Fiona, Rada, Gabriel, Riveros, Carolina, Sauvant, Marie, Schmucker, Christine, Toumani, Farouk, Tovey, David, Xia, Jun, Yu, Xuan, Zoletic, Emina, and Zweigenbaum, Pierre

Subjects
Epidemiology
Abstract

Objectives: Researchers worldwide are actively engaging in research activities to search for preventive and therapeutic interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our aim was to describe the planning of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in terms of timing related to the course of the COVID-19 epidemic and research question evaluated. Study Design and Setting: We performed a living mapping of RCTs registered in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We systematically search the platform every week for all RCTs evaluating preventive interventions and treatments for COVID-19 and created a publicly available interactive mapping tool at https://covid-nma.com to visualize all trials registered. Results: By August 12, 2020, 1,568 trials for COVID-19 were registered worldwide. Overall, the median ([Q1–Q3]; range) delay between the first case recorded in each country and the first RCT registered was 47 days ([33–67]; 15–163). For the 9 countries with the highest number of trials registered, most trials were registered after the peak of the epidemic (from 100% trials in Italy to 38% in the United States). Most trials evaluated treatments (1,333 trials; 85%); only 223 (14%) evaluated preventive strategies and 12 postacute period intervention. A total of 254 trials were planned to assess different regimens of hydroxychloroquine with an expected sample size of 110,883 patients. Conclusion: This living mapping analysis showed that COVID-19 trials have relatively small sample size with certain redundancy in research questions. Most trials were registered when the first peak of the pandemic has passed.

Published
2021
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22. Additional file 1 of Multi-Round compared to Real-Time Delphi for consensus in core outcome set (COS) development: a randomised trial

Author

Quirke, Fiona A., Healy, Patricia, Bhraonáin, Elaine Ní, Daly, Mandy, Biesty, Linda, Hurley, Tim, Walker, Karen, Meher, Shireen, Haas, David M., Bloomfield, Frank H., Kirkham, Jamie J., Molloy, Eleanor J., and Devane, Declan

Abstract

Additional file 1: Appendix A. COHESION Consent form – Delphi survey. Appendix B. COHESION Participant Information Leaflet – Delphi Survey. Appendix C. Spirit 2013 Checklist.

Published
2021
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23. SIMULATING QUEUING SYSTEMS: A TEST OF PARAMETER CHANGE.

Author

Quirke, Fiona, Ojiako, Udechukwu, and Chipulu, Maxwell

Subjects
*QUEUEING networks, *COMPUTER simulation, *MANAGEMENT science, *EQUATIONS, *COMPLEXITY (Philosophy)
Abstract

This paper examines queuing models, in particular the single-server queuing system. Queuing models assist firms achieve this objective. Queuing models may help firms reduce queues by helping determine what type of system best suits the business. The paper is theory based and uses steady-state equations and simulation to model queuing systems. In particular, the paper examines whether the robustness of steady-state equations and the change of parameters will have a significant effect on queuing models. The paper finds that system complexity does have an impact on the accuracy of the steady-state method results. It is also found that the use of this method is subject to use requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

24. SIMULATING QUEUING SYSTEMS: A TEST OF PARAMETER CHANGE.

Author

QUIRKE, Fiona, OJIAKO, Udechukwu, and CHIPULU, Maxwell

Subjects
*QUEUEING networks, *CLIENT/SERVER computing, *NUMERICAL analysis, *ROBUST control, *MATHEMATICAL models
Abstract

This paper examines queuing models, in particular the single-server queuing system. The paper is theory based and uses steady-state equations and simulation to model queuing systems. In particular, the paper examines whether the robustness of steady-state equations and the change of parameters will have a significant effect on queuing models. The paper finds that system complexity does have an impact on the accuracy of the steady-state method results. It is also found that the use of this method is subject to use requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

25. Consensus definition and diagnostic criteria for neonatal encephalopathy-study protocol for a real-time modified delphi study.

Author

Branagan A, Hurley T, Quirke F, Devane D, Taneri PE, Badawi N, Sinha B, Bearer C, Bloomfield FH, Bonifacio SL, Boylan G, Campbell SK, Chalak L, D'Alton M, deVries LS, El Dib M, Ferriero DM, Gale C, Gressens P, Gunn AJ, Kay S, Maeso B, Mulkey SB, Murray DM, Nelson KB, Nesterenko TH, Pilon B, Robertson NJ, Walker K, Wusthoff CJ, and Molloy EJ

Abstract

Background: 'Neonatal encephalopathy' (NE) describes a group of conditions in term infants presenting in the earliest days after birth with disturbed neurological function of cerebral origin. NE is aetiologically heterogenous; one cause is peripartum hypoxic ischaemia. Lack of uniformity in the terminology used to describe NE and its diagnostic criteria creates difficulty in the design and interpretation of research and complicates communication with families. The DEFINE study aims to use a modified Delphi approach to form a consensus definition for NE, and diagnostic criteria., Methods: Directed by an international steering group, we will conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the terminology used in trials of NE, and with their guidance perform an online Real-time Delphi survey to develop a consensus diagnosis and criteria for NE. A consensus meeting will be held to agree on the final terminology and criteria, and the outcome disseminated widely., Discussion: A clear and consistent consensus-based definition of NE and criteria for its diagnosis, achieved by use of a modified Delphi technique, will enable more comparability of research results and improved communication among professionals and with families., Impact: The terms Neonatal Encephalopathy and Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy tend to be used interchangeably in the literature to describe a term newborn with signs of encephalopathy at birth. This creates difficulty in communication with families and carers, and between medical professionals and researchers, as well as creating difficulty with performance of research. The DEFINE project will use a Real-time Delphi approach to create a consensus definition for the term 'Neonatal Encephalopathy'. A definition formed by this consensus approach will be accepted and utilised by the neonatal community to improve research, outcomes, and parental experience., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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