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359 results on '"Région Centre-Val de Loire"'

1. Predictive surface complexation model of the calcite-aqueous solution interface: The impact of high concentration and complex composition of brines

Author: Aberdeen-Curtin PhD studentship Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Région Centre-Val de Loire French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, Vinogradov, Jan, Hidayat, Miftah, Sarmadivaleh, Mohammad, Derksen, Jos, Vega-Maza, David, Iglauer, Stefan, Jougnot, Damien, Azaroual, Mohamed, Leroy, Philippe, Aberdeen-Curtin PhD studentship Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Région Centre-Val de Loire French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, Vinogradov, Jan, Hidayat, Miftah, Sarmadivaleh, Mohammad, Derksen, Jos, Vega-Maza, David, Iglauer, Stefan, Jougnot, Damien, Azaroual, Mohamed, and Leroy, Philippe
Abstract: Vinogradov, J., Hidayat, M., Sarmadivaleh, M., Derksen, J., Vega-Maza, D., Iglauer, S., . . . Leroy, P. (2022). Predictive surface complexation model of the calcite-aqueous solution interface: The impact of high concentration and complex composition of brines. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 609, 852-867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.084

2. Peculiarities of aluminum particle combustion in steam

Author: Fabien Halter, Valentin Glasziou, Marco Di Lorenzo, Stany Gallier, Christian Chauveau, Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénierie et des Systèmes (INSIS - CNRS), CEA - Centre de Gramat, ArianeGroup, French Defense Procurement Agency DGA ( Direction Générale de l’Armement ), CEA - DAM, Région Centre-Val de Loire, ANR-11-LABX-0006,CAPRYSSES,Cinétique chimique et Aérothermodynamique pour des Propulsions et des Systèmes Energétiques Propres(2011), European Project: FEDER, French Defense Procurement Agency DGA (Direction Générale de l’Armement), Région Centre Val de Loire, and Combustion Institute
Subjects: Aluminum combustion, Steam, Oxidizer efficiency, Mechanical Engineering, General Chemical Engineering, Burning time, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Combustion, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Abstract: International audience; This work experimentally addresses aluminum combustion in steam, pure or mixed with diluents, for aluminum particles in size range 40 ∼80 μm, using an electrodynamic levitator. High-speed videos unveil an unreported and complex mechanism in steam, not observed in other oxidizers. The detached flame is quite faint and very close to the surface. Alumina smoke around the droplet rapidly condenses and coalesces into a large, single orbiting alumina satellite. It eventually collides the main aluminum droplet while generating secondary alumina droplets. A unique feature is the presence of several distinct oxide lobes on the droplet, which merge only at the end of burning and encapsulate the remaining aluminum, possibly promoting an incomplete combustion. The measured burning times in pure water vapor are longer than expected and the efficiency of steam is found to be 30% that of oxygen, lower than the usually accepted value of 60%. A general correlation on burning time, including the major oxidizers, is proposed. Direct numerical simulations are conducted and are in line with experiments, in terms of burning rate or flame stand off ratio. Combustion in steam seems mostly supported by surface reactions, giving a faint flame with low gas temperatures and high hydrogen content. It is speculated that those two specific features could help explain the peculiarity of steam.
Published: 2023

3. NLRP6 negatively regulates type 2 immune responses in mice

Author: Pauline Chenuet, Quentin Marquant, Louis Fauconnier, Ali Youness, Manon Mellier, Tiffany Marchiol, Nathalie Rouxel, Yasmine Messaoud‐Nacer, Isabelle Maillet, Aurélie Ledru, Valérie F. J. Quesniaux, Bernhard Ryffel, William Horsnell, Frédérique Végran, Lionel Apetoh, Dieudonnée Togbe, Université d'Orléans, SCD, Artimmune SAS, Immunologie et Neurogénétique Expérimentales et Moléculaires (INEM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cape Town, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100 (CEPR), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Orléans, 2016-00110366/European funding in Région Centre-Val de Loire, EX0057560/European funding in Région Centre-Val de Loire, Conseil Départemental 45, Le Studium, Program ARD2020 Biomédicament, and CNRS
Subjects: Inflammasomes, Immunology, NLRP6, ILC2, Th2, Mice, Th2 Cells, inflammasome, GATA3, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, birch pollen, Lymphocytes, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Mice, Knockout, Interleukin-18, Pneumonia, CD4+ T cells, Immunity, Innate, Cytokines, Th17, Nippostrongylus, allergic asthma, IL-18, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology
Abstract: International audience; Background: Inflammasomes are large protein complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to danger such as tissue damage or infection. Following activation, inflammasomes trigger cell death and the release of biologically active forms of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) inflammasome is required for IL-18 secretion by intestinal epithelial cells, macrophages, and T cells, contributing to homeostasis and self-defense against pathogenic microbes. However, the involvement of NLRP6 in type 2 lung inflammation remains elusive.Methods: Wild-type (WT) and Nlrp6−/− mice were used. Birch pollen extract (BPE)-induced allergic lung inflammation, eosinophil recruitment, Th2-related cytokine and chemokine production, airway hyperresponsiveness, and lung histopathology, Th2 cell differentiation, GATA3, and Th2 cytokines expression, were determined. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) infection, worm count in intestine, type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2), and Th2 cells in lungs were evaluated.Results: We demonstrate in Nlrp6−/− mice that a mixed Th2/Th17 immune responses prevailed following birch pollen challenge with increased eosinophils, ILC2, Th2, and Th17 cell induction and reduced IL-18 production. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infected Nlrp6−/− mice featured enhanced early expulsion of the parasite due to enhanced type 2 immune responses compared to WT hosts. In vitro, NLRP6 repressed Th2 polarization, as shown by increased Th2 cytokines and higher expression of the transcription factor GATA3 in the absence of NLRP6. Exogenous IL-18 administration partially reduced the enhanced airways inflammation in Nlrp6−/− mice.Conclusions: In summary, our data identify NLRP6 as a negative regulator of type 2 immune responses.
Published: 2022

4. Pilot Study and Early Results of the Cosmic Filaments and Magnetism Survey with Nenufar: The Coma Cluster Field

Author: Evangelia Tremou, Alan Loh, Michel Tagger, Baptiste Cecconi, Gilles Theureau, V. Vacca, Jean-Mathias Griessmeier, Julien N. Girard, Stephane Corbel, Leon Koopmans, Bonnassieux Etienne, Philippe Zarka, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), NenuFAR has been supported by personnel and funding from: Station de Radioastronomie de Nançay, CNRS-INSU, Observatoire de Paris-PSL, Université d’Orléans, Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers en Région Centre, Région Centre-Val de Loire, DIM-ACAV and DIM-ACAV+ of Région Île-de-France, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, European Project: 714245,DRANOEL - H2020-EU.1.1., Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and NenuFAR has been supported by personnel and funding from: Station de Radioastronomie deNançay, CNRS-INSU, Observatoire de Paris-PSL, Université d’Orléans, Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers en Région Centre, Région Centre-Val de Loire, DIM-ACAV and DIM-ACAV+ of Région Île-de-France, Agence Nationale de la Recherche
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), QB1-991, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, observational cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, Coma Cluster, galaxy clusters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Galaxy cluster, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, radio interferometry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, LOFAR, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, nenufar, Radio halo, Sky, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Halo, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: NenuFAR, the New Extension in Nancay Upgrading LOFAR, is currently in its early science phase. It is in this context that the Cosmic Filaments and Magnetism Pilot Survey is observing sources with the array as it is still under construction - with 57 (56 core, 1 distant) out of a total planned 102 (96 core, 6 distant) mini-arrays online at the time of observation - to get a first look at the low-frequency sky with NenuFAR. One of its targets is the Coma galaxy cluster: a well-known object, host of the prototype radio halo. It also hosts other features of scientific import, including a radio relic, along with a bridge of emission connecting it with the halo. It is thus a well-studied object. In this paper, we show the first confirmed NenuFAR detection of the radio halo and radio relic of the Coma cluster at 34.4 MHz, with associated intrinsic flux density estimates: we find an integrated flux value of 106.3 +- 3.5 Jy for the radio halo, and 102.0 +- 7.4 Jy for the radio relic. These are upper bound values, as they do not include point-source subtraction. We also give an explanation of the technical difficulties encountered in reducing the data, along with steps taken to resolve them. This will be helpful for other scientific projects which will aim to make use of standalone NenuFAR imaging observations in the future., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, special issue of the Galaxies journal
Published: 2021

5. Preprint: Selection of high-trait emotivity affects the volume of sensory and emotional-related brain regions in male Japanese quails

Author: Siwiaszczyk, Yebga Hot, Morisse, Calandreau, Barrière, Beaujoin, Mulot, Andersson, Poupon, Love, Chaillou, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Building large instruments for neuroimaging: from population imaging to ultra-high magnetic fields (BAOBAB), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ZooParc de Beauval, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This project was supported by the APR Neuro2Co grant (Convention 2017 00117257, and coordinator Elodie Chaillou, France) from Région Centre Val de Loire. Marine Siwiaszczyk's PhD was funded by Région Centre Val de Loire and Beauval Nature Foundation. Cyril Poupon and Raissa Yebga Hot received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Program for Research and Innovation under the specific Grants No. 945539 (HBP SGA3). The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
Subjects: Behavior, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Bird, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Brain, Atlas, Coping Style, MRI
Abstract: Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) divergently selected based on their behavior during a tonic immobility test are an excellent model to study the link between brain morphology and behavior expression. The LTI (Long Tonic Immobility) and STI (Short Tonic Immobility) quail lines differ in their level of emotivity, with LTI quails being selected for their high-trait emotivity. Here, comparing the brain regions of the LTI and STI lines of male Japanese quails, we test the hypothesis that this divergent selection could have influenced brain anatomy, in particular, those regions involved in sensory and emotional processing. The heads of twenty, 10 weeks old male Japanese quails (10 STI and 10 LTI) were imaged ex-vivo using ultra high-resolution (11.7 Tesla) magnetic resonance imaging. The resulting images were used to create a population-averaged quail brain template and manually segmented 3D whole-brain atlas (openly available: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4700522). The atlas is composed of 191 brain regions, the ventricular system, pineal and pituitary glands. Thanks to this atlas, an exploratory analysis was conducted to compare brain regions between the two lines: the relative volumes of 33 regions were impacted (with 24 larger relative volumes being found in STI). This demonstrates for the first time in male Japanese quail that genetic selection for a specific emotional behavior (tonic immobility) modifies the anatomy of brain regions involved in sensory and emotional processing., This project was supported by the APR Neuro2Co grant (Convention 2017 00117257; coordinator Elodie Chaillou, France) from Région Centre Val de Loire. Marine Siwiaszczyk's PhD was funded by Région Centre Val de Loire and Beauval Nature Foundation. Cyril Poupon and Raissa Yebga Hot received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Program for Research and Innovation under the specific Grants No. 945539 (HBP SGA3). The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
Published: 2021
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6. « Ça commence aujourd'hui »

Author: Aucher, Laurent, Centre d'Etudes pour le Développement des Territoires et l'Environnement (CEDETE), Université d'Orléans (UO), and La présente note d'observation a été réalisée en Val d'Aubois (Cher) dans le cadre de l'APR VIVAMEMORI (Valorisation du patrimoine immatériel et matériel industriel en Région Centre-Val de Loire), programme de recherche initié par les Universités d'Orléans (CRJP, CEDETE) et de Tours (CETU ETIcS, CETU ILIAD3, CITERES), avec le financement de la Région Centre-Val de Loire ainsi que celui de la DRAC Centre-Val de Loire, de la Ville de Vierzon et de la Communauté de communes d'Eguzon-Argenton-Vallée de la Creuse. Le programme VIVAMEMORI a par ailleurs reçu le soutien du Service inventaire et patrimoine région Centre-Val de Loire, du CIAP La Tuilerie (Syndicat mixte du Pays Val d’Aubois), du Musée de Vierzon, du Musée de la chemiserie et de l’élégance masculine, de l’Agence régionale du Centre-Val de Loire pour le livre, l’image et la culture numérique (CICLIC), des Archives départementales du Cher et de l’Indre et de la Fondation Maison des sciences de l’homme (FMSH).
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Observation in situ - Sociologie narrative - Val d'Aubois (Cher) - Georges Perec - VIVAMEMORI, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: Note d'observation; International audience; Un jour de mai 2019, peu de temps avant les élections européennes, je me suis assis à l'intérieur d'un bistrot situé quelque part en Berry pour y consommer un café. Durant une trentaine de minutes, j'ai transcrit minutieusement tout ce que je voyais et tout ce que j'entendais. Ce qui m'a surtout intéressé avec cette observation in situ, c'était d'essayer, à la manière de Georges Perec, de rendre compte dans le détail de ce qu'on pourrait appeler la texture du quotidien, ce que l'auteur de La Vie mode d'emploi nommait aussi les « choses communes ».
Published: 2020

7. Effets in vitro et in vivo du Bisphénol S sur la compétence ovocytaire chez la brebis, et rôle du statut métabolique

Author: Desmarchais, Alice, Desmarchais, Alice, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Projet ANR-18-CE34-0011-01 MAMBOProjet Région Centre Val de Loire : BémolProjet Agence de la biomédecine : Fertiphénol, Université de Tours (UT), Tours, FRA, Sébastien Elis, Projet Région Centre Val de Loire : Bémol, and Projet Agence de la biomédecine : Fertiphénol
Subjects: Bisphénol S, [SDV.BDLR.RS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, Perturbateurs endocriniens, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, urologic and male genital diseases, Métabolisme lipidique, Brebis, Ewe, [SDV.BDLR.RS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology/Sexual reproduction, Compétence ovocytaire au développement, Lipid metabolism, Oocyte competence, Endocrine disruptors, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, [SDV.BDLR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology
Abstract: Bisphenol S (BPS) is used to replace bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor with deleterious effects on oocyte, disrupting meiosis and oocyte maturation.The objectives of this thesis were to study BPS effect on oocyte quality in adult ewes, to determine whether animal body condition and metabolic status plays a role on oocyte sensitivity to BPS, and to assess the risk of BPS exposure of the oocyte in assisted reproduction.This study shows that BPS concentrations close to human exposure during in vitro oocyte maturation decrease its embryonic developmental competence. Chronic dietary exposure to low doses of BPS does not alter oocyte quality but the interaction between diet and BPS dose alters the number of produced embryos suggesting that animal body condition modulates BPS effect. There is a risk of oocyte BPS exposure by culture media used in in vitro embryo production. BPS is not a good alternative to BPA. This work raises the question of the individual evaluation and regulation of molecules of the same family., Le Bisphénol S (BPS) est utilisé pour remplacer le bisphénol A (BPA), un perturbateur endocrinien aux effets délétères sur l’ovocyte, perturbant la méiose et la maturation ovocytaire.Les objectifs de cette thèse ont été d’étudier l’effet du BPS sur la qualité ovocytaire chez la brebis adulte, de déterminer si l’état corporel et métabolique lié au régime de l’animal joue un rôle sur la sensibilité de l’ovocyte au BPS et d’évaluer le risque d’exposition au BPS de l’ovocyte en reproduction assistée.Cette étude montre que des concentrations de BPS proches de l’exposition humaine durant la maturation in vitro de l’ovocyte, diminue sa compétence au développement embryonnaire. L’exposition alimentaire chronique à faible dose de BPS ne modifie pas la qualité ovocytaire mais l’interaction entre le régime et la dose de BPS altère les nombres d'embryons produits suggérant que l’état corporel de l'animal module l'effet du BPS. Il existe un risque d’exposition de l’ovocyte au BPS par les milieux de culture utilisés en production in vitro d’embryons. Le BPS n’est pas une bonne alternative pour remplacer le BPA. Ce travail pose la question de l’évaluation et de la réglementation individuelle de molécules de même famille.
Published: 2020

8. Oxidized products of α-linolenic acid negatively regulate cellular survival and motility of breast cancer cells

Author: Philippe G. Frank, Jean-Marie Galano, Jorge L. Gutierrez-Pajares, Camille Oger, Céline Ben Hassen, Thierry Durand, Nutrition, croissance et cancer (U 1069) (N2C), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), J.L.G.-P. was supported by Le Studium (Région Centre-Val de Loire, France). P.G.F. was supported by grants from INCa PLBio (2018-145), the Lipids ARD2020-Biodrug project (Région Centre-Val de Loire, France), La Ligue contre le Cancer (Indre et Loire, Loir et Cher, and Vienne), by an Academic Research Grant from the Région Centre-Val de Loire (France) and by the Canceropole Grand-Ouest (Mature project)., Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Frank, Philippe
Subjects: lcsh:QR1-502, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], [SDV.BC.IC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, lcsh:Microbiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Movement, [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Cytotoxic T cell, [SDV.BBM.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Chemistry, Prostanoic Acids, alpha-Linolenic Acid, Cell migration, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MCF-7 Cells, Female, Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.drug, Cell Survival, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Article, lipids, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, breast cancer, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, [SDV.BC.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Humans, Doxorubicin, Viability assay, phytoprostane, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Furans, Cell adhesion, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, Cancer, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cell culture, Cancer research, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Despite recent advances in our understanding of the biological processes leading to the development and progression of cancer, there is still a need for new and effective agents to treat this disease. Phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs) are non-enzymatically oxidized products of &alpha, linolenic acid that are present in seeds and vegetable oils. They have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-promoting activities in macrophages and leukemia cells, respectively. In this work, seven PhytoPs (PP1&ndash, PP7) and one PhytoFs (PF1) were evaluated for their cytotoxic, chemosensitization, and anti-migratory activities using the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Among the tested compounds, only three PhytoPs had a significant effect on cell viability compared to the control group: Ent-9-L1-PhytoP (PP6) decreased cell viability in both cell lines, while 16-F1t-PhytoP (PP1) and 9-L1-PhytoP (PP5) decreased viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. When combined with a sub-cytotoxic dose of doxorubicin, these three PhytoPs displayed significantly enhanced cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells while the chemotherapeutic drug alone had no effect. In cellular motility assays, Ent-9-(RS)-12-epi-ST-&Delta, 10-13-PhytoF could significantly inhibit cellular migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, Ent-9-(RS)-12-epi-ST-&Delta, 10-13-PhytoF also enhanced cellular adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells.
Published: 2019
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9. Microcosm-scale biogeochemical stabilization of Pb, As, Ba and Zn in mine tailings amended with manure and ochre

Author: Dominique Breeze, Pascale Gautret, Lydie Le Forestier, Fabienne Battaglia-Brunet, Hugues Thouin, Mikael Motelica-Heino, Marie-Paule Norini, Cindy Gassaud, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Phytoselect project funded by the Région Centre - Val de Loire, contract N°2016–00108485PIVOTS project by the Région Centre – Val de Loire: ARD 2020 program, CPER 2015–2020, and the European Union, which invests in Centre-Val de Loire via the European Regional Development Fund, and ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010)
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycle, Iron oxide-hydroxide, Amendment, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Arsenic, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Sulfate, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mine tailings, Chemistry, Pollution, Tailings, Manure, 6. Clean water, Microbial processes, Cow manure, Amendments, 13. Climate action, Metals, Environmental chemistry, Leaching (metallurgy), Microcosm, Cow dung
Abstract: International audience; Mine tailings are major sources of metals and metalloids in the environment, making the physical and geochemical stabilization of tailings a serious environmental challenge. With a view to facilitate the development of covering vegetation and of decreasing the mobility of Pb in the acid tailings of a former Ag–Pb mine, laboratory microcosm experiments were performed to enable comparison of the effectiveness of several treatments. Tailings were mixed with 5% by weight of ochre, an iron-rich material produced during the treatment of a coal mine water, and with cow manure (0, 0.15, 1 and 2% by weight), either solely or in combination. They were then submitted to weekly watering over 84 days. All treatments raised the pH values from 4 to values between 7 and 8 and induced a strong decrease in the total dissolved Pb concentration in the percolating water (from 13 to 15 mg.L−1 to less than 0.5 mg.L−1). Several processes seemed to be involved in the immobilization of Pb by the amendments: precipitation as hydroxide, sulfate, carbonate and phosphate, and adsorption on iron hydroxides. A transient increase was observed in both Pb mobility and functional microbial diversity with 1% and 2% manure, with a peak after 28 days of incubation. This peak corresponded to an Average Well Color Development (AWCD) in Biolog™ Ecoplates increase from 0.5 to 0.8 with 1% manure and from 0.6 to 1.5 with 2% manure. However, at the end of experiment, Pb immobilization was strengthened by 2% manure and microbial functional biodiversity fell back, with AWCD values of 0.5 and 0.8 for 1% and 2% manure, respectively. Other toxic elements present in the tailings, namely As, Zn and Ba, were not strongly mobilized by the treatments, although cow manure slightly increased the leaching of Ba and As, which maximum concentrations in the leaching water reached 65 μg.L−1 Ba and 9 μg.L−1 As. All amendments improved the growth of ryegrass, which maximum dry biomass ranged from 38 mg/microcosm without amendment to 155 mg/microcosm with 0.15% manure. The results provide key information about the biogeochemical processes driving the mobility of Pb, As, Zn and Ba in acid mine tailings during the first 84 days following their amendment with iron-rich ochre and manure.
Published: 2019

10. From single plasma jets to large atmospheric plasma sources for biological applications

Author: Pouvesle, Jean-Michel, Damany, Xavier, Hamon, Audoin, Valinattajomran, Azadeh, Marcelli, Giacomo, Stancampiano, Augusto, Maho, Thomas, Douat, Claire, Dozias, Sébastien, Robert, Eric, Groupe de recherches sur l'énergétique des milieux ionisés (GREMI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), CNRS PEPS project ACUMULTIPLAS, ITMO Cancer in the frame of the Plan Cancer, project PLASCANCER N°17CP086-00, ARD2020 Cosmetosciences project PLASMACOSM Région Centre Val de Loire, Thermo Fisher Sci. INEL/Région Centre Val de Loire PhD fellowship, MENSR PhD fellowship, and KVS
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, Plasma Jet and Multijets, Plasma Gun, Biomedical applications of plasma
Abstract: International audience; With the nowadays-rapid development of atmospheric plasma applications in the fields of medicine, decontamination, cosmetic and agriculture, researchers are confronted with the development of new sources for treating large surfaces or volumes or great quantities of liquid or material. Single plasma jets have allowed significant advances and the results are particularly promising, but likely to be limited in the future. The treatment times are indeed rather long due to the very small treated surface area or liquid volume resulting from the produced plasma. Surface DBDs, which allow treatment of quite large areas, quickly find their limits when surfaces are more complex or have great 3D structures. There is a real challenge to develop sources that allow treatment over larger areas while remaining practical and at a reasonable cost. The scale factor then becomes very important and must be treated with the outmost attention. In this context, after a rapid review of available systems, some new developments concerning single jets and plasma jets interactions with liquids, we will present results obtained on the development of the sources allowing to treat large surfaces or volumes realized from multijet systems emanating from a single discharge reactor. Examples of applications will be given in the field of medicine or liquid treatment.This work was supported in part by CNRS PEPS project ACUMULTIPLAS, by the ITMO Cancer in the frame of the Plan Cancer, project PLASCANCER N°17CP086-00, and by ARD2020 Cosmetosciences project PLASMACOSM. XD is supported by Thermo Fisher Sci. INEL/Région Centre Val de Loire PhD fellowship. AH is supported by ME NSR PhD fellowship.
Published: 2018

11. Dissémination & communication

Author: Breuil, Sandrine, Centre d'études supérieures de la Renaissance UMR 7323 (CESR), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR, Région Centre-Val de Loire, CESR, Programme de recherche BVH (resp. Pr Chiara Lastraioli), Bibliothèques Virtuelles Humanistes, Bibliothèques Virtuelles Humanistes - Epistemon, Projet ECRISA : L’ECRIt/ure, ses Supports, ses Archives (APRIA Centre-Val de Loire, 2015), Projet BHLi : Bibliothèques Humanistes ligériennes (Equipex Biblissima, 2016), Rabelais Manuscrit (Equipex Biblissima, 2012-2021), ReNom : Renaissance : Indexation et recherche d’information sur les entités nommées (Région Centre-Val de Loire, APR 2011), Projet LABOREM « La Boétie et Montaigne : bibliothèques privées en Aquitaine » (Equipex Biblissima, 2014), and ANR-11-EQPX-0007,BIBLISSIMA,Bibliotheca bibliothecarum novissima : un observatoire du patrimoine écrit du Moyen Âge et de la Renaissance (arabe, français, grec, hébreu, latin)(2011)
Subjects: Numérisation, Formation initiale, édition numérique, diffusion, publics, Statistiques de fréquentation, BVH, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Patrimoine écrit, usagers, médiation, Formation continue, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Valorisation, livre ancien
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

12. Strains in Fe/Cr/Fe trilayers and (Fe/Cr)5/Fe multilayers epitaxied on MgO and MgO/SrTiO3

Author: Magnifouet, G., Vallet, M., Meslin, E., Walls, M., Bouillet, C., Arabski, J., Pierron-Bohnes, V., Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de recherches de métallurgie physique (SRMP), Département des Matériaux pour le Nucléaire (DMN), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Mécanique Paris-Saclay (LMPS), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay), Laboratoire Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des solides (SPMS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microscopies, imageries et ressources analytiques en région Centre Val de Loire (MACLE-CVL), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-16-CE92-0002,MAGIKID,Magnétisme dans les alliages à base de fer: thermodynamique, cinétique et défauts(2016), and European Project: 823717,ESTEEM3
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics]
Abstract: International audience; Fe/Cr/Fe trilayers and multilayers are prepared as model systems designed to furnish simple data comparable with calculation results for diffusion properties in nuclear materials. Their structure (epitaxy, residual strains and dislocations) is characterized in detail. The film structure (strain and stress) is shown to be different on MgO20nm/SrTiO3 and MgO substrates due to the residual strain in the MgO buffer layer on SrTiO3. Superlattices with high crystalline quality are prepared, with Fe and Cr in coherent epitaxy. In-plane residual strain in Fe is +0.45(13)% on MgO substrates and decreases from 1.70(9)% to 0.47(2)% when increasing the thickness of the trilayers on MgO/SrTiO3 substrates. These strains enhance the contrast between Fe and Cr, opening the way to future kinetics studies using x-ray diffraction in this system, which is far more efficient (non-destructive and rapid) than high resolution transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy or atom probe tomography
Published: 2023

13. CHASE-Containing Histidine Kinase Receptors in Apple Tree: From a Common Receptor Structure to Divergent Cytokinin Binding Properties and Specific Functions

Author: Daudu, Dimitri, Allion, Elsa, Liesecke, Franziska, Papon, Nicolas, Courdavault, Vincent, Dugé de Bernonville, Thomas, Mélin, Céline, Oudin, Audrey, Clastre, Marc, Lanoue, Arnaud, Courtois, Martine, Pichon, Olivier, Giron, David, Carpin, Sabine, Giglioli-Guivarc’h, Nathalie, Crèche, Joël, Besseau, Sébastien, Glévarec, Gaëlle, Biomolécules et biotechnologies végétales (BBV EA 2106), Université de Tours (UT), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Supported by the Région Centre-Val de Loire, France (SiSCyLi grant). Doctoral Fellow attributed to DD was jointly funded by the Région Centre-Val de Loire, France and the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, France, Université de Tours, Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP)
Subjects: Vegetal Biology, cytokinine, CHASE-containing histidine kinase, fungi, pommier, food and beverages, histidine kinase, Plant Science, récepteur de cytokine, lcsh:Plant culture, yeast complementation assay, cytokinin, protein–protein interaction, Malus domestica, RNAseq data, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, apple tree, RNA-seq, Biologie végétale, Original Research, pathogen, agent pathogène, expression des gènes
Abstract: Cytokinin signaling is a key regulatory pathway of many aspects in plant development and environmental stresses. Herein, we initiated the identification and functional characterization of the five CHASE-containing histidine kinases (CHK) in the economically important Malus domestica species. These cytokinin receptors named MdCHK2, MdCHK3a/MdCHK3b, and MdCHK4a/MdCHK4b by homology with Arabidopsis AHK clearly displayed three distinct profiles. The three groups exhibited architectural variations, especially in the N-terminal part including the cytokinin sensing domain. Using a yeast complementation assay, we showed that MdCHK2 perceives a broad spectrum of cytokinins with a substantial sensitivity whereas both MdCHK4 homologs exhibit a narrow spectrum. Both MdCHK3 homologs perceived some cytokinins but surprisingly they exhibited a basal constitutive activity. Interaction studies revealed that MdCHK2, MdCHK4a, and MdCHK4b homodimerized whereas MdCHK3a and MdCHK3b did not. Finally, qPCR analysis and bioinformatics approach pointed out contrasted expression patterns among the three MdCHK groups as well as distinct sets of co-expressed genes. Our study characterized for the first time the five cytokinin receptors in apple tree and provided a framework for their further functional studies.
Published: 2017

14. Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines targeting Toxoplasma gondii calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 decrease the parasite burden in mice with acute toxoplasmosis

Author: Alain Gueiffier, Kévin Brunet, William Couet, Espérance Moine, Cyril Colas, Cécile Enguehard-Gueiffier, Caroline Denevault-Sabourin, Isabelle Dimier-Poisson, Bruno Héraut, Nathalie Moiré, Françoise Debierre-Grockiego, Nathalie Van Langendonck, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UR Infectiologie animale et Santé publique (UR IASP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique - IASP (Nouzilly, France), Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux (PHAR), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie-Médecine Tropicale, CHRU Bretonneau, U1069 N2C, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours, GICC EA 7501, IMT (Innovation moléculaire et thérapeutique) (IMT), Groupe innovation et ciblage cellulaire (GICC), EA 7501 [2018-...] (GICC EA 7501), Université de Tours-Université de Tours, Institut für Virologie, Philipps University, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), University of Tours (France), Région Centre Val de Loire (France), Fédération de recherche en infectiologie (FéRI) de la Région Centre Val de Loire (France), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, 2-b]pyridazine, Antiprotozoal Agents, Protozoan Proteins, Toxoplasma gondii, Spleen, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Biology, Pharmacology, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Pharmacokinetics, In vivo, medicine, Animals, Humans, Protein kinase A, Imidazo[1, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Molecular Structure, Fibroblasts, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Toxoplasmosis, In vitro, 3. Good health, Pyridazines, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Toxicity, Parasitology, Calcium-dependent protein kinase 1, Female, Protein Kinases
Abstract: International audience; The current therapeutic arsenal for toxoplasmosis is restricted to drugs non-specific to the parasite which cause important side effects. Development of more efficient and specific anti-Toxoplasma compounds is urgently needed. Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines designed to inhibit the calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 of Toxoplasma gondii (TgCDPK1) and effective against tachyzoite growth in vitro at submicromolar ranges were modified into hydrochloride salts to be administered in vivo in a mouse model of acute toxoplasmosis. All protonated imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine salts (SP230, SP231 and SP232) maintained their activity on TgCDPK1 and T. gondii tachyzoites. Rat and mouse liver microsomes were used to predict half-life and intrinsic clearance, and the pharmacokinetic profile of the most rapidly degraded imidazo[1,2b]pyridazine salt (SP230) was determined in serum, brain and lungs of mice after a single administration of 50 mg/kg. Compounds were then tested in vivo in a murine model of acute toxoplasmosis. Mice infected with tachyzoites of the ME49 strain of T. gondii were treated for 4, 7 or 8 days with 25 or 50 mg/kg/day of SP230, SP231 or SP232. The parasite burdens were strongly diminished (>90% reduction under some conditions) in the spleen and the lungs of mice treated with imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine salts compared with untreated mice, without the need for pre-treatment. Moreover, no increases in the levels of hepatic and renal toxicity markers were observed, demonstrating no significant signs of short-term toxicity. To conclude, imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine salts have strong efficacy in vivo on acute toxoplasmosis and should be further tested in a model of mouse congenital toxoplasmosis.
Published: 2017

15. Corpus Rabelais : Rablissime, Biblissima, BSN 5

Author: Demonet, Marie-Luce, Duboc, Mathieu, Centre d'études supérieures de la Renaissance UMR 7323 (CESR), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consortium CAHIER (CAHIER), Huma-Num : la TGIR des humanités numériques (Huma-Num), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR, BSN5, Région Centre-Val de Loire, CESR, Programme de recherche BVH (resp. Pr Chiara Lastraioli), Bibliothèques Virtuelles Humanistes, Rabelais Manuscrit (Equipex Biblissima, 2012-2021), Projet Rablissime : Rabelais manuscrit et imprimé (PRES CVLU - APRIA, 2012), Projet SCREVO : Scripto Realia Vocalia (PRES CVLU - APRIA, 2012), Projet CORPOREM (BSN 5 – Numérisation, 2014), Consortium Cahier (TGIR Huma-Num), ReNom : Renaissance : Indexation et recherche d’information sur les entités nommées (Région Centre-Val de Loire, APR 2011), and ANR-11-EQPX-0007,BIBLISSIMA,Bibliotheca bibliothecarum novissima : un observatoire du patrimoine écrit du Moyen Âge et de la Renaissance (arabe, français, grec, hébreu, latin)(2011)
Subjects: Numérisation, Rabelais, ReNom, édition numérique, [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, Biblissima, Corpus d'auteur, Epistemon, Humanités numériques, bilan, Valorisation, BVH, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Projets de recherche en cours & à venir autour du corpus d'auteur Rabelais
Published: 2016

16. REssources NUMériques pour l’édition des Archives de la Renaissance : RENUMAR

Author: Alazard, Florence, RIVAUD, David, Jimenes, Rémi, Centre d'études supérieures de la Renaissance UMR 7323 (CESR), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Centre-Val de Loire, CESR, Programme de recherche BVH (resp. Pr Chiara Lastraioli), ReNumAr (APRIA 2016), Bibliothèques Virtuelles Humanistes, Intelligence des Patrimoines (ARD, Région Centre-Val de Loire), IRHT, TELMA, and MSH Val de Loire
Subjects: base de données, Renaissance, édition numérique, Renumar, Archives, XML-TEI, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Actes notariés, correspondances urbaines, BVH, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

17. Fast-growing forest plantations as a solution of regional sustainable development in the face of climate change?

Author: Robert, Amélie, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Asie Orientale (IAO), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Centre-Val de Loire (projet Plantaclim), Institute of Social Sciences of the Central Region, Southern Institute of Social Sciences, and EM Normandie Business School
Subjects: welfare, poplar, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, sustainability, climate change mitigation, pine
Abstract: For a few years now, planting forest has been encouraged as a solution for mitigating climate change, what it is confirmed and specified by the literature review conducted in this article. Different types of plantations exist and the author is interested in those formed by fast-growing species, which are the most controversial. The purpose is to question if this mitigation measure can be a solution for regional sustainable development. The research was conducted in France, focusing on poplar and maritime pine plantations in the region Centre-Val de Loire. It mixed spatial analysis, observations in situ and interviews with stakeholders of the forestry-wood sector, inhabitants, hikers and tourists. The processors are faced with competition and, as a result, they invest and turn to niche markets. The regional territory could benefit more from the resource which is partly exported. The author shows that the willingness to mitigate climate change creates a new dynamic, beneficial to the forestry-wood sector. Indeed, the stakeholders of this sector are emphasizing the ecological nature of their production. Nevertheless, this is not enough to allow a sustainable development. The social aspects must be taken into account, all the more since forest plantations are part of the landscapes used by inhabitants and tourists. Being dispersed, forest plantations leave these users indifferent, strong opponents being rare. These plantations can be places of recreational activities. They are at least crossed, without being sought, but not avoided either.
Published: 2023

18. Comparison between Rock-Eval® and temperature-programmed pyrolysis/mass spectrometry for the analysis of environmental and geological samples

Author: Jacob, Jérémy, Delarue, Frédéric, Copard, Yoann, Le Milbeau, Claude, Grasset, Laurent, Brockmann, Patrick, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), OTARIE project (Région Centre Val de Loire, European Council through the FEDER fund), and ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: International audience; Natural organic matter (OM) has a complex structure whose complete structural and chemical description remains a challenge. Rock-Eval® device constitutes a rapid and affordable method for obtaining key quantitative and qualitative parameters on OM. Previous studies on soil samples proposed to deconvolute or to split into temperature slices Rock-Eval® S2 pyrograms in order to distinguish and quantify chemical fractions of increasing thermal lability. In order to provide support for such an assumption, this work proposes a methodological approach based on coupling a temperature-programmed pyrolyser to a standard mass spectrometer (Py-MS). In this manuscript, we compare results acquired by Rock-Eval® pyrolysis with those from Total Ion Current (TIC) traces obtained by Py-MS on a set of reference soil samples, completed by dissolved OM, source rock and coal samples, in order to test the extent to which this approach can be generalized. Our results show good quantitative and qualitative agreements between the two methods. This comparison is a prerequisite before going further and addressing the molecular significance of S2 pyrograms deconvolution through the examination of m/z fragments abundance curves.
Published: 2023

19. Reproductives signature revealed by protein profiling and behavioral bioassays in termite

Author: Ruhland, Fanny, Gabant, Guillaume, Toussaint, Timothée, Nemcic, Matej, Cadène, Martine, Lucas, Christophe, Université de Tours (UT), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Orléans (UO), Région Centre-Val de Loire (APR-IR 2017-00117111 BioControleTermite, APRIA MALDITOF 2018, APR-IA 2012, APR-IA SYMBIOMS 2010), European Project: 773324,ForestValue, and European Project: 508 2699-33931
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Proteins are known to be social interaction signals in many species in the animal kingdom. Common mediators in mammals and aquatic species, they have seldom been identified as such in insects' behaviors. Yet, they could represent an important component to support social signals in social insects, as the numerous physical contacts between individuals would tend to favor the use of contact compounds in their interactions. However, their role in social interactions is largely unexplored: are they rare or simply underestimated? In this preliminary study, we show that, in the termite Reticulitermes flavipes, polar extracts from reproductives trigger body-shaking of workers (a vibratory behavior involved in reproductives recognition) while extracts from workers do not. Molecular profiling of these cuticular extracts using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry reveals higher protein diversity in reproductives than in workers and a sex-specific composition exclusive to reproductives. While the effects observed with extracts are not as strong as with live termites, these results open up the intriguing possibility that social signaling may not be limited to cuticular hydrocarbons or other non-polar, volatile chemicals as classically accepted. Our results suggest that polar compounds, in particular some of the Cuticular Protein Compounds (CPCs) shown here by MALDI to be specific to reproductives, could play a significant role in insect societies. While this study is preliminary and further comprehensive molecular characterization is needed to correlate the body-shaking triggering effects with a given set of polar compounds, this exploratory study opens new perspectives for understanding the role of polar compounds such as proteins in caste discrimination, fertility signaling, or interspecific insect communication.
Published: 2023

20. Representation of the landscapes by tourists: a method using the social networks. Case study of Center Parcs

Author: Robert, Amélie, Yengué, Jean Louis, ISSA, Estelle, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Polytech'Tours, Région Centre-Val de Loire (Projet de recherche NaTour : Valorisation touristique du patrimoine naturel de la région Centre-Val de Loire), Foundation for Information Society (INFOTA) and Budapest Metropolitan University of Applied Sciences, Robert, Amélie, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours
Subjects: social networks, representation, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Center Parcs, TripAdvisor, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, nature tourism
Abstract: International audience; Center Parcs is a tourism concept, which is oriented towards the connection, the closeness with nature. But this “nature” is a nature, which is managed, maintained, artificial. Thus this concept questions the nature perception. More generally, what is the representation of nature by the customers, which stay in this kind of tourism structure? To answer this question, we decided to focus on the comments written by these customers on sharing sites. This study was conducted in the framework of a research program, NaTour, which questions the nature tourism, thanks to the financial support of the French Region Centre-Val de Loire. We used georeferenced digital database, which compiles comments posted on TripAdvisor website (Chareyron, 2014). This main source was completed by observations in situ and by the analysis of the website and brochures of the studied spot. The study concerned the Center Parcs Hauts de Bruyères, which is located in Sologne area, in the center of France. The aim was to define a method to use this kind of sources, which are interesting to understand the tourist representation but constitute a significant mass of data. We would like to extract quickly the main information, that’s why we used a textual analysis software. We thus obtained the occurrence of each word. We kept the more meaningful ones, associate the synonyms and classified this group of words by great categories. We note that the comments are often positive. It can be considered as a bias but which is accepted. It also reveals that the families, who stay at Center Parcs, enjoy and we can thus suppose that they find the “nature”, which they seek. The most frequent adjectives, which are linked to the feelings, are “pleasant”, “quiet” and “great”. But the number of words relating to the provisions (activities) is largely higher than those, which are related to the nature. It leads to wonder, if the tourist really seek “nature”. The first adjective, which is associated to this one, is “quiet”. But the customers also have the feeling that this nature is “preserved” and “luxuriant”. They thus confirm what is written on the website: Center Parcs is described as located in “a unique preserved site in the heart of the regions, which are rich in natural and cultural heritages”. Nevertheless, two parts can be distinguished in the field: a noisy one, which is dedicated to the activities (games, shops) and a quiet one, which is dominated by forest but where are located the cottages, where the families stay. Finally, nature seems to be only a setting. It’s only a landscape to contemplate, thus a landscape, which should be green, nice and quiet.
Published: 2016

21. Representation of nature by tourists: a method using the social networks. Case study of Center Parcs

Author: Robert, Amélie, Yengué, Jean Louis, ISSA, Estelle, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Polytech'Tours, Région Centre-Val de Loire (Projet NaTour - Valorisation touristique du patrimoine naturel de la région Centre-Val de Loire), Dr. Lia Bassa, Dr. Ferenc Kiss, Dr. Ferenc Kiss, Head of Editorial Board, Robert, Amélie, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours
Subjects: social networks, representation, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Center Parcs, TripAdvisor, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, nature tourism
Abstract: International audience; Center Parcs is a tourism concept, which is oriented towards the connection, the closeness with nature. But this “nature” is a nature, which is managed, maintained, artificial. Thus this concept questions the nature perception. More generally, what is the representation of nature by the customers, which stay in this kind of tourism structure? To answer this question, we decided to focus on the comments written by these customers on sharing sites. This study was conducted in the framework of a research program, NaTour, which questions the nature tourism, thanks to the financial support of the French Region Centre-Val de Loire. We used georeferenced digital database, which compiles comments posted on TripAdvisor website (Chareyron, 2014). This main source was completed by observations in situ and by the analysis of the website and brochures of the studied spot. The study concerned the Center Parcs Hauts de Bruyères, which is located in Sologne area, in the center of France. The aim was to define a method to use this kind of sources, which are interesting to understand the tourist representation but constitute a significant mass of data. We would like to extract quickly the main information, that’s why we used a textual analysis software. We thus obtained the occurrence of each word. We kept the more meaningful ones, associate the synonyms and classified this group of words by great categories. We note that the comments are often positive. It can be considered as a bias but which is accepted. It also reveals that the families, who stay at Center Parcs, enjoy and we can thus suppose that they find the “nature”, which they seek. The most frequent adjectives, which are linked to the feelings, are “pleasant”, “quiet” and “great”. But the number of words relating to the provisions (activities) is largely higher than those, which are related to the nature. It leads to wonder, if the tourist really seek “nature”. The first adjective, which is associated to this one, is “quiet”. But the customers also have the feeling that this nature is “preserved” and “luxuriant”. They thus confirm what is written on the website: Center Parcs is described as located in “a unique preserved site in the heart of the regions, which are rich in natural and cultural heritages”. Nevertheless, two parts can be distinguished in the field: a noisy one, which is dedicated to the activities (games, shops) and a quiet one, which is dominated by forest but where are located the cottages, where the families stay. Finally, nature seems to be only a setting. It’s only a landscape to contemplate, thus a landscape, which should be green, nice and quiet.
Published: 2016

22. APR IR centre Val de Loire rapport final-SPEAL1

Author: Santi, Frédérique, Goldringer, Isabelle, Woehling, Sophie, Savoie, Antoine, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARDEAR Centre, Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére - UE PAO), Région Centre Val de Loire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Financement : Région Centre Val de Loire, Superviseur : Santi Frédérique, Commanditaire : Région Centre Val de Loire, and Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine
Subjects: agroforesterie, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, sélection participative, biodiversité cultivée, blé, maïs, impact environnemental, impact socio économique, environmental impact, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, tournesol, évaluation de l'impact
Abstract: Public visé = multiple; APR IR centre Val de Loire rapport final-SPEAL1
Published: 2016

23. Toward an operational monitoring of oak dieback with multispectral satellite time series: a case study in Centre-Val de Loire region of France

Author: Mouret, Florian, Morin, David, Martin, Hilaire, Planells, Milena, Vincent-Barbaroux, Cécile, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and This work was supported by the SYCOMORE program, with the financial support of the Région Centre-Val de Loire (France).
Subjects: Machine Learning, Random Forest, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Climate change, Remote sensing, Sentinel-2, Forest Monitoring, Dieback detection, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: This paper studies the monitoring of oak dieback in forests of the Centre-Val de Loire region, France. Due to climate change, drought-induced forest dieback has become a major concern in temperate forests, including our study area, where oak is a key species. In order to better assess and adapt the actions needed to mitigate these impacts, access to accurate and regularly updated maps of forest health has become essential. In this context, the main objective of the study is to evaluate the interest of multispectral satellite time series for operational monitoring of forest dieback. Thanks to the in-situ data collected from 2017 to 2022 on about 2700 oak plots, a multiyear mapping of the analyzed region was performed using a supervised classification approach with the Random Forest algorithm. The results show that it is possible to detect oak dieback accurately (average overall accuracy = 80% and average balanced accuracy = 79%). More importantly, this study highlights the importance of measuring the temporal stability of the classification model in addition to standard cross-validation metrics. In this respect, the samples used for training are selected using data augmentation and balancing techniques to achieve better generalization over years. The learned model can also be used for predictive mapping of forest dieback in the coming years, for which the balanced accuracy is slightly reduced to about 70%. A feature analysis is also performed and shows that the shortwave infrared (SWIR) part of the spectrum is the most important for mapping forest dieback. In addition, using the red-edge portion of the spectrum can increase the stability of the model over time. We show that using only two vegetation indices based on continuum removal (CR) of the red edge (CRre) and shortwave infrared (CRswir) parts of the Sentinel-2 spectrum is sufficient to efficiently capture forest dieback. Overall, both in situ data and model predictions showed evidence of forest decline in many areas of the study region. Moreover, our results show that large areas of forest can decline over short periods of time, highlighting the interest of satellite data to provide timely and accurate information on forest status at large scales. This encourages the use and improvement of such approaches in the future.
Published: 2023

24. Experimental investigation of ignition temperatures of aluminum particles

Author: Halter, Fabien, Glasziou, Valentin, Keck, Hugo, Legros, Guillaume, CHAUVEAU, Christian, Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénierie et des Systèmes (INSIS - CNRS), CEA - Centre de Gramat, ArianeGroup, CEA DAM, Région Centre Val de Loire, Central States Section of the Combustion Institute, and European Project: FEDER
Subjects: Metal fuels, Aluminum particle, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Combustion, ignition temperature
Abstract: International audience; Aluminum particles are widely used as an additive to increase energetic performances. Recently, Aluminum has also received a growing interest as a source of hydrogen for fuel cell applications, or in novel power generation concepts as it provides a carbon-free energy that meets current policies for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. Our recent studies focused on the description of the combustion process varying ambient conditions (pressure and oxidizer). Only the second stage of the combustion process, after the establishment of a steady state, was scrutinized. The proposed work sheds light more specifically to the initial stages where the particle is warmed up from the initial state to a thermal runaway condition. Indeed, the question arises at what temperature do these condensed fuels burst into flames, knowing that the presence of a passive coat greatly influences the process.For this study, a dedicated set-up has been improved. It consists of an electrodynamic levitator in which a single particle, trapped by electrostatic forces, burns in a controlled atmosphere. A two-color ratio pyrometer has been specifically assembled with photomultipliers (PM) to obtain the time evolution of mean surface temperature. The PM signals are synchronised witha particle visualization device that is composed of a high-speed camera combined with a long-distance microscope. Subsequently, the temperature measurement of high temporal resolution can then be associated for the first time at a rate of 250 000 fps with the fast-apparent phenomenology of the pre-ignition processes. In addition, the spatial resolution of the visualization (1.92 μm/pix) allows the interpretation of the PM signals to be commented.
Published: 2023

25. DNA hypomethylation of the host tree impairs interaction with mutualistic ectomycorrhizal fungus

Author: Julien Vigneaud, Annegret Kohler, Mamadou Dia Sow, Alain Delaunay, Laure Fauchery, Frederic Guinet, Christian Daviaud, Kerrie W. Barry, Keykhosrow Keymanesh, Jenifer Johnson, Vasanth Singan, Igor Grigoriev, Régis Fichot, Daniel Conde, Mariano Perales, Jörg Tost, Francis M. Martin, Isabel Allona, Steven H. Strauss, Claire Veneault‐Fourrey, Stéphane Maury, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Oregon State University (OSU), Conseil Régional Région Centre Val de Loire, Department of Energy (US), Kohler, Annegret, Sow, Mamadou Dia, Delaunay, Alain, Fauchery, Laure, Barry, Kerrie W., Keymanesh, Keykhosrow, Singan, Vasanth, Grigoriev, Igor, Fichot, Régis, Conde, Daniel, Perales, Mariano, Tost, Jörg, Martin, Francis M., Allona, Isabel, Strauss, Steven H., Veneault-Fourrey, Claire, and Maury, Stéphane 0000-0003-0481-0847]
Subjects: DNA METHYLATION 1, corrhizas, DNA demethylatione, Mycorrhizas, poplar, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, DEMETER, Laccaria bicolormy, Laccaria bicolor, pigenetic
Abstract: 17 Pág., Ectomycorrhizas are an intrinsic component of tree nutrition and responses to environmental variations. How epigenetic mechanisms might regulate these mutualistic interactions is unknown. By manipulating the level of expression of the chromatin remodeler DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION 1 (DDM1) and two demethylases DEMETER-LIKE (DML) in Populus tremula × Populus alba lines, we examined how host DNA methylation modulates multiple parameters of the responses to root colonization with the mutualistic fungus Laccaria bicolor. We compared the ectomycorrhizas formed between transgenic and wild-type (WT) trees and analyzed their methylomes and transcriptomes. The poplar lines displaying lower mycorrhiza formation rate corresponded to hypomethylated overexpressing DML or RNAi-ddm1 lines. We found 86 genes and 288 transposable elements (TEs) differentially methylated between WT and hypomethylated lines (common to both OX-dml and RNAi-ddm1) and 120 genes/1441 TEs in the fungal genome suggesting a host-induced remodeling of the fungal methylome. Hypomethylated poplar lines displayed 205 differentially expressed genes (cis and trans effects) in common with 17 being differentially methylated (cis). Our findings suggest a central role of host and fungal DNA methylation in the ability to form ectomycorrhizas including not only poplar genes involved in root initiation, ethylene and jasmonate-mediated pathways, and immune response but also terpenoid metabolism., MDS and JV received PhD grants from the MRES and Conseil Régional Région Centre Val de Loire, respectively. The LBLGC and the LEE/CNRGH benefit from the support of the ANR EPITREE (ANR-17-CE32-0009-01, https://www6.inrae.fr/epitree-project_eng/) to SM and JT. We thank RTP3E CNRS and IHPE for the access to the bioinformatic platform (http://galaxy.univ-perp.fr/, Christian Chaparro, France). CVF, AK, FM, FG, and LF benefit from the support of the Genomic Science Program (project ‘Plant-Microbe Interface’), US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research under the contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and the Laboratory of Excellence Advanced Research on the Biology of Tree and Forest Ecosystems (ARBRE; grant ANR-11-LABX-0002-01). The work (proposal: 10.46936/10.25585/60001022) conducted by the US Department of Energy JGI (https://ror.org/04xm1d337), a DOE Office of Science User Facility, is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy operated under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Published: 2023

26. Impacts of raindrops increase particle sedimentation in a sheet flow

Author: Amina Nouhou Bako, Lionel Cottenot, Pierre Courtemanche, Carine Lucas, François James, Frédéric Darboux, Unité de Science du Sol (Orléans) (URSols), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Denis Poisson (IDP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and The Région Centre-Val de Loire and INRAE funded the PhD fellowship of Amina Nouhou-Bako. The project 'Multiparticular transfer by overland flow' CNRS-INSU 2016 TelluS-INSMI-MI funded part of the experiments.
Subjects: experiment, overland flow, settling velocity, interrill, rainfall, Geography, Planning and Development, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), sediment flux, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; Interrill erosion is driven by raindrops and sheet flow. Raindrop impacts cause sediment detachment and splash, but can also affect flow transport. Even if these processes have been studied for long, the actual effect of raindrop impacts on particle settling velocities has not been experimentally assessed. This leads to unconstrained adjustments in the soil erosion models, the settling velocity of particles being a freely adjustable parameter allowing for better fitting the particle flux measured at the outlet. To address the effect of raindrop impacts on the settling of particles in sheet flow, a laboratory flume experiment was designed, using an upstream feeder of sediment (100–200 μm) and simulated rainfalls. It reproduced conditions close to sheet flow, while not allowing for the detachment of particles from the flume bottom. Two series of experiments were run: a series with a high rainfall intensity (175 mm h−1) generated by an oscillating-nozzle rainfall simulator, and a series with lower rainfall intensities (10, 15, 25, 35, 55 mm h−1) generated by a drop-former rainfall simulator. When a rainfall was applied, it systematically decreased the sediment concentration at the outflow compared to the no rain condition, however no obvious relationship was found with the rainfall intensity. This shows that raindrop impacts increase particle settling velocities in sheet flow. Two underlying mechanisms are suggested, related to the momentum of the raindrops or to the turbulence caused by the raindrops into the flow. Further studies should be carried out, using computational fluid dynamics and collaboration with the fluid mechanics community.
Published: 2022

27. OGG1 competitive inhibitors show important off-target effects by directly inhibiting efflux pumps and disturbing mitotic progression

Author: Xhaferr Tanushi, Guillaume Pinna, Marie Vandamme, Capucine Siberchicot, Ostiane D’Augustin, Anne-Marie Di Guilmi, J. Pablo Radicella, Bertrand Castaing, Rebecca Smith, Sebastien Huet, François Leteurtre, Anna Campalans, Stabilité génétique, cellules souches et radiations (SGCSR (U_1274 / UMR_E_008)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Campalans lab received funding from the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA) Radiobiology program, Electricité de France and from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR PRCI-2018 TG-TOX). Castaing lab received funding from Région Centre Val de Loire (MoOGly-2017-00117252)., and Jonchère, Laurent
Subjects: SU0268, OGG1 inhibitor, TH5487, Cell Biology, 8-oxoG, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Base Excision Repair (BER), OGG1, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Developmental Biology
Abstract: One of the most abundant DNA lesions induced by Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is 8-oxoG, a highly mutagenic lesion that compromises genetic instability when not efficiently repaired. 8-oxoG is specifically recognized by the DNA-glycosylase OGG1 that excises the base and initiates the Base Excision Repair pathway (BER). Furthermore, OGG1 has not only a major role in DNA repair but it is also involved in transcriptional regulation. Cancer cells are particularly exposed to ROS, thus challenging their capacity to process oxidative DNA damage has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Two competitive inhibitors of OGG1 (OGG1i) have been identified, TH5487 and SU0268, which bind to the OGG1 catalytic pocket preventing its fixation to the DNA. Early studies with these inhibitors show an enhanced cellular sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs and a reduction in the inflammatory response. Our study uncovers two unreported off-targets effects of these OGG1i that are independent of OGG1. In vitro and in cellulo approaches have unveiled that OGG1i TH5487 and SU0268, despite an unrelated molecular structure, are able to inhibit some members of the ABC family transporters, in particular ABC B1 (MDR1) and ABC G2 (BCRP). The inhibition of these efflux pumps by OGG1 inhibitors results in a higher intra-cellular accumulation of various fluorescent probes and drugs, and largely contributes to the enhanced cytotoxicity observed when the inhibitors are combined with cytotoxic agents. Furthermore, we found that SU0268 has an OGG1-independent anti-mitotic activity—by interfering with metaphase completion—resulting in a high cellular toxicity. These two off-target activities are observed at concentrations of OGG1i that are normally used for in vivo studies. It is thus critical to consider these previously unreported non-specific effects when interpreting studies using TH5487 and SU0268 in the context of OGG1 inhibition. Additionally, our work highlights the persistent need for new specific inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of OGG1.
Published: 2023

28. Analytical performances of the LAb-CosmOrbitrap mass spectrometer for astrobiology

Author: L. Selliez, C. Briois, N. Carrasco, L. Thirkell, B. Gaubicher, J.-P. Lebreton, F. Colin, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales), Région Centre-Val de Loire, and European Project: 636829,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,PRIMCHEM(2015)
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; A new generation of High Resolution Mass Spectrometers (HRMS) for space exploration is being developed for several years to augment significantly the analytical performances of these instruments in extraterrestrial environments. To this day, in-flight instruments have shown mass resolving powers up to 9000 at Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) (Balsiger et al., 2007). Future instruments aim at reaching mass resolutions of a few tens of thousands to more than one hundred thousand in a mass range of a few thousands. In this frame, this paper presents results of the LAb-CosmOrbitrap, a high resolution mass spectrometer challenging to couple a laser ionization system with an Orbitrap™ cell. The mass analyzer called CosmOrbitrap is involved in a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) development. Tests have been conducted on three organic compounds to prove the relevance of this simple instrument configuration for astrobiology through a successful repeatability study in which a few tens to hundreds mass spectra have been analyzed.
Published: 2023

29. Quantum Limits on product manifolds

Author: Humbert, Emmanuel, Privat, Yannick, Trélat, Emmanuel, Institut Denis Poisson (IDP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée (IRMA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Control And GEometry (CaGE ), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and The first author is supported by the project THESPEGE (APR IA), Région Centre-Val de Loire, France, 2018-2020.
Subjects: Mathematics - Spectral Theory, General Mathematics, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics::Differential Geometry, Mathematics::Geometric Topology, Mathematics::Symplectic Geometry, Spectral Theory (math.SP), [MATH.MATH-SP]Mathematics [math]/Spectral Theory [math.SP]
Abstract: International audience; We establish some properties of quantum limits on a product manifold, proving for instance that, under appropriate assumptions, the quantum limits on the product of manifolds are absolutely continuous if the quantum limits on each manifolds are absolutely continuous. On a product of Riemannian manifolds satisfying the minimal multiplicity property, we prove that a periodic geodesic can never be charged by a quantum limit.
Published: 2023

30. Rencontre autour des typo-chronologies des tombes à inhumations. Actes de la 11e Rencontre du Groupe d’Anthropologie et d’Archéologie Funéraire

Author: Blanchard, Philippe, Chimier, Jean-Philippe, Gaultier, Matthieu, Verjux, Christian, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de l'archéologie du département d'Indre-et-Loire (SADIL), Service régional de l'Archéologie de région Centre Val-de-Loire, Direction régionale des affaires culturelles, Ministère de la culture et de la Communication (SRA Centre Val-de-Loire), Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques (TEMPS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture, Gaaf, Inrap, Feracf, and Feracf/Gaaf
Subjects: Moyen Age, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Funéraire, Préhistoire, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, France, Protohistoire, Antiquité, Typochronologie
Abstract: National audience; Les typo-chronologies sont utilisées fréquemment pour la datation des sépultures par les professionnels qui officient en archéologie funéraire. Elles concernent les éléments constitutifs des tombes : positions des défunts, contenants, rituels, aménagements et architectures funéraires de surface ou interne à la fosse. D’autres approches et méthodes y sont associées (radiocarbone, assemblages de mobilier, stratigraphie…).Les référentiels typo-chronologiques utilisés aujourd’hui sont parfois anciens et les avancées récentes de la recherche ont considérablement renouvelé la documentation en archéologie funéraire. Il a donc semblé nécessaire au Groupe d’Anthropologie et d’Archéologie Funéraire (Gaaf) de proposer de nouveaux référentiels en ce domaine à travers cet outil à destination des archéologues et des anthropologues. Il concerne les structures funéraires à inhumation, pour des périodes s’inscrivant dans un large horizon chronologique depuis la Préhistoire jusqu’à la période contemporaine. Cet ouvrage présente 46 articles, classés par grandes aires géographiques et issus des communications données lors de la 11e Rencontre du Gaaf, tenue à Tours du 3 au 5 juin 2019.
Published: 2022

31. La participation des locataires dans les grands ensembles : entre pacification et interpellation

Author: Leclercq, Benjamin, Louvain Research Institute for Landscape, Architecture and Built Environment (LAB), University of Louvain, UCLouvain, Belgium, Centre de Recherche sur l'Habitat (CRH), Laboratoire Architecture, Ville, Urbanisme, Environnement (LAVUE), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Programme de recherche ECLIPS financé par la Région Centre Val de Loire, Sabrina Bresson, and Leclercq, Benjamin
Subjects: Participation Citoyenne, Logement social, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Professionnalisation Identité professionnelle Pratique professionnelle Formation initiale Engagement professionnel Métier de la sécurité, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

32. Six ans de PCR « Réseau de lithothèques » en région Centre Val de Loire

Author: Delvigne, Vincent, Angevin, Raphaël, Fernandes, Paul, Lethrosne, Harold, Affolter, Jehanne, Allard, Pierre, Aubry, Thierry, Bressy-Leandri, Céline, Capron, Delphine, Chassin de Kergommeaux, Aurélie, Creusillet, Marie-France, Demouche, Frédéric, Deparis, Bruno, Deschamps, Sandrine, Dépont, Jean, Dupart, Olivia, Gibaud, Alix, Gouriot, Léa, Klaric, Laurent, Langlais, Mathieu, Lardy, Jean-Marie, Le Bourdonnec, François-Xavier, Mallet, Nicole, Mangado, Xavier, Marquet, Jean-Claude, Mevel, Ludovic, Millet, Dominique, Millet-Richard, Laure-Anne, Noiret, Pierre, Nouvel, Blandine, Piboule, Michel, Primault, Jérôme, Queffelec, Alain, Quillet, Jean-Pierre, Raynal, Jean-Paul, Recq, Clément, Renault, Stéphane, Océane Spinelli, Sanchez, Teurquety, Gabriel, Thiry, Médard, Tuffery, Christophe, Vaissié, Erwan, Verjux, Christian, Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques (TEMPS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), université de Liège - service de Préhistoire, Service régional de l'archéologie d'Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (SRA Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléotime, EVEHA (Etudes et valorisations archeologiques), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ar-Geo-Lab, Foundation Foz Coa, Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Corse (Drac Corse), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ville de Chartres et Chartres Métropole - Direction de l'Archéologie, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives, Centre archéologique de Saint-Cyr-en-Val (Inrap, Saint-Cyr-en-Val), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Musée départemental de Préhistoire du Grand Pressigny, Département d'Indre-et-Loire, Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Service départemental archéologique du Loiret (SeDAL), Conseil général du Loiret, Service d'Archéologie Préventive du Département de l'Allier, Conseil départemental d’Eure-et-Loir - Service d'archéologie préventive, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of History and Archaeology, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Archéosciences Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération et Ressources sur l'Antiquité (FRANTIQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles Poitou-Charente (DRAC Poitou-Charente), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives, Centre de recherches archéologiques de Dijon (Inrap, Dijon), Service régional de l'Archéologie de région Centre Val-de-Loire, Direction régionale des affaires culturelles, Ministère de la culture et de la Communication (SRA Centre Val-de-Loire), Société préhistorique française, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives - Centre de recherches archéologiques de Saint-Cyr-en-Val (Inrap, Saint-Cyr-en-Val), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives - Centre de recherches archéologiques de Dijon (Inrap, Dijon)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, prospections, Centre-Val-de-Loire, lithothèques, silicites
Abstract: International audience; Depuis 2016, le PCR « Réseau de lithothèques en région Centre - Val de Loire » s’inscrit dans une perspective longue de recherche sur les modes d’exploitation des ressources lithiques et sur la territorialité des groupes humains préhistoriques. Outre l’étude ou la révision de séries archéologiques de l’espace régional, la caractérisation précise des silicites (silex, chert, silcrète, jaspéroïde) dans leur contexte géologique revêt une importance toute particulière en ce qu’elle permet de dessiner des espaces parcourus (parfois sur de très grandes étendues) et, couplée à la technologie lithique, d’identifier des modes de transport des artefacts. Ces réalités renseignent sur les formes sociales et les régimes de mobilité des groupes humains, permettant de matérialiser des processus d’interaction qui mettent parfois en jeu des entités culturelles perçues comme distinctes.Si la région Centre-Val-de-Loire a depuis longtemps servi de moteur aux réflexions sur la diffusion des silicites, les travaux passés n’étaient plus en mesure de répondre aux problématiques de la recherche actuelle en pétroarchéologie. En réponse à cet état de fait, le PCR développe depuis 2016 cinq principaux axes :- Axe 1 : Inventaire, développement et enrichissement de l’outil lithothèque ;- Axe 2 : Méthodologie : Caractérisation dynamique des silicites de l’espace régional ;- Axe 3 : Cartographie des formations à silicites ;- Axe 4 : Applications archéologiques ;- Axe 5 : Diffusion et valorisation des connaissances dans et en dehors du PCR ;Ces axes sont amendés régulièrement dans le but de répondre aux attentes de la communauté des préhistoriens. Toutes nos initiatives vont dans ce sens et sont rendues possibles par une convergence d’actions interdisciplinaires qui nous pousse, non seulement à un renouvellement méthodologique permanent en profondeur, mais également à une réflexion épistémologique sur l’évolution de nos démarches en termes de limites des approches considérées (techniques, conceptuelles ou théoriques) et d’impacts sur les autres champs de recherche ou questionnements de la préhistoire (tracéologie, techno-économie, notion de site, notion de territoire, cartographie, modalité d’enregistrement et de traitement des données…).
Published: 2022

33. Synomones in necrophagous larvae of the blow flies Lucilia sericata and Calliphora vomitoria

Author: Quentin Fouche, Damien Charabidze, Christophe Lucas, Unité de Taphonomie médico-légale et Anatomie - ULR 7367 (UTML&A), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre d’Histoire Judiciaire, Unit of Social Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tours (UT), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Région Centre-Val de Loire, Grant/Award Number: APR-IA 2012
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, General Veterinary, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], aggregation, chemical communication, synomone, dynamic headspace analysis, pentadecanoic acid, Calliphoridae, mixed-species groups, Insect Science, solid-phase microextraction, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Parasitology, (Z)-9-tricosene, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, decanoic acid, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; Chemical signals are widespread in insects, but those resulting in interspecific communication (i.e., synomones) remain understudied. Here, we analysed chemicals left on substrates by two species of blow fly larvae, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and Calliphora vomitoria (Linneaus) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), which can aggregate together on carrion. Using solid-phase microextraction and dynamic headspace analysis, we identified six compounds common to both species: the decanoic, tetradecanoic, pentadecanoic, hexadecanoic and octadecanoic acids, and the 2-ethylhexyl salicylate. We then tested the behavioural effects of the decanoic and pentadecanoic acids using binary-choice experiments, along with the (Z)-9-tricosene, a pheromone found in many arthropods. The time spent by a larva and its average crawling speed were measured in two sides of an arena, where only one contained a compound at 0.25 or 25 μg/μl. No effect was observed when testing the decanoic acid. The pentadecanoic acid only reduced the speed of C. vomitoria larvae at 25 μg/μl. Finally, L. sericata larvae spent less time in the side containing the (Z)-9-tricosene at 0.25 μg/μl, whereas C. vomitoria spent more time and crawled faster in this side at 25 μg/μl. Although these results did not directly evidence synomones, they suggest that the (Z)-9-tricosene could regulate larval aggregations on carrion.
Published: 2022

34. Monitoring unsaturated water flow using magnetic resonance soundings

Author: Legchenko Anatoly, Baltassat Jean-Michel, Abbas Mohamad, Isch Arnaud, Amraoui Nadia, Azaroual Mohamed, Deparis Jacques, Ryckebusch Clemence, Kessouri Pauline, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Poreux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), O-ZNS project, PIVOTS project, Région Centre-Val de Loire (ARD 2020 program and CPER 2015 -2020), and ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010)
Subjects: MRS, O-ZNS observatory, time-lapse, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, limestone, Water Science and Technology, unsaturated water flow, Villamblain
Abstract: International audience; We present an innovative hydrogeophysical approach for non-invasive quantification of the unsaturated water flow. For the water content measurements, we apply the Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) method in the time-lapse mode. For inversion of MRS measurements, we approximate the subsurface by a horizontally stratified media. Laterally, the MRS estimated water content is averaged over the area below the measuring setup. During this study, we used a square loop of 75 m side-length. The time-lapse inversion allows visualizing variations in the water content in the vadose zone down to twenty meters. We tested our approach at the Villamblain test site (France). For that, we carried out the MRS monitoring in 1999–2000 and 2020–2021. During these two observation windows, MRS shows seasonal variations of the water content but also a strong dependence of the water content on the rainfall that was different between two data sets. Comparison of MRS results with the rainfall records shows a good correspondence in-between. For measuring and processing MRS data, we used commercially available MRS instrument and interpretation software.
Published: 2022

35. Three‐dimensional structures of avian beta‐microseminoproteins: insight from the chicken egg‐specific beta‐microseminoprotein 3 paralog

Author: Bertrand Castaing, Mégane Bregeon, Valérie Labas, Magali Chessé, Karine Loth, Nicolas Guyot, Hervé Meudal, Thierry Moreau, Sophie Réhault-Godbert, Franck Coste, Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plate-forme Phénotypage par imagerie in/ex vivo de l'Animal à la Molécule (Plate-forme PIXANIM), Université de Tours-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d'Orléans (UO), Région Centre Val de Loire : MUSE Project (Grant No. 2014-00094512) and Grant No. 2013-00082978, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF): SMHART Project, 35069, Conseil Régional du Centre, INRAE, INSERM, ANR-11-BSV5-0020,SPOREPAIR,Caractérisation d'une enzyme radicalaire de réparation de l'ADN : la lyase du photoproduit des spores(2011), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), REHAULT-GODBERT, Sophie, BLANC - Caractérisation d'une enzyme radicalaire de réparation de l'ADN : la lyase du photoproduit des spores - - SPOREPAIR2011 - ANR-11-BSV5-0020 - BLANC - VALID, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, crystal structure, animal structures, QH301-705.5, Eggs, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Crystallography, X-Ray, Proteomics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Affinity chromatography, Animals, MSMB, Amino Acid Sequence, paralogs, Biology (General), Research Articles, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Embryogenesis, Prostatic Secretory Proteins, biology.organism_classification, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neognathae, birds, beta‐microseminoproteins, egg, Chickens, Sequence Alignment, MSMB3, Function (biology), Research Article, Egg white
Abstract: Beta‐microseminoproteins (MSMBs) are small disulfide‐rich proteins that are conserved among vertebrates. These proteins exhibit diverse biological activities and were mainly reported to play a role in male fertility, immunity, and embryogenesis. In this work, we focused on the chicken MSMB3 protein that was previously depicted as an egg antibacterial protein. We report that MSMB3 protein is exclusively expressed in the reproductive tissues of laying hens (in contrast to chicken MSMB1 and MSMB2 paralogs), to be incorporated in the egg white during the process of egg formation. We also showed that chicken MSMB3 possesses highly conserved orthologs in bird species, including Neognathae and Palaeognathae. Chicken MSMB3 was purified from egg white using heparin affinity chromatography and was analyzed by top‐down and bottom‐up proteomics. Several proteoforms could be characterized, and a homodimer was further evidenced by NMR spectroscopy. The X‐ray structure of chicken MSMB3 was solved for the first time, revealing that this protein adopts a novel dimeric arrangement. The highly cationic MSMB3 protein exhibits a distinct electrostatic distribution compared with chicken MSMB1 and MSMB2 structural models, and with published mammalian MSMB structures. The specific incorporation of MSMB3 paralog in the egg, and its phylogenetic conservation in birds together with its peculiar homodimer arrangement and physicochemical properties, suggests that the MSMB3 protein has evolved to play a critical role during the embryonic development of avian species. These new data are likely to stimulate research to elucidate the structure/function relationships of MSMB paralogs and orthologs in the animal kingdom., Beta‐microseminoproteins (MSMBs) are small proteins conserved among vertebrates. The chicken genome contains three MSMB paralogs, which exhibit distinct tissue expression profiles, with chicken beta‐MSMB 3 (MSMB3) protein being egg‐specific. Collectively, results from protein sequence analysis, mass spectrometry analysis, and 3D structure data highlight that chicken MSMB3 possesses specific features that may be related to its presumed role in avian reproduction.
Published: 2021

36. Intra-Domain Cysteines (IDC), a New Strategy for the Development of Original Antibody Fragment-Drug Conjugates (FDCs)

Author: Jolivet, Louis, Ait Mohamed Amar, Imène, Horiot, Catherine, Boursin, Fanny, Colas, Cyril, Letast, Stéphanie, Denevault-Sabourin, Caroline, Allard-Vannier, Emilie, Joubert, Nicolas, Aubrey, Nicolas, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GICC EA 7501, IMT (Innovation moléculaire et thérapeutique) (IMT), Groupe innovation et ciblage cellulaire (GICC), EA 7501 [2018-...] (GICC EA 7501), Université de Tours (UT)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, EA 6295 (NMNS), Université de Tours (UT), La Ligue contre le Cancer (Comites 18, 35, 37, 41, 44, 53, 72, 79, 85), Région Centre Val de Loire (projects ARD 2020 Biomedicament MabChem and BIOS, ARD CVL SelMat and project APR IR Bastet), ANR-10-LABX-0053,MAbImprove,Optimization of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies development Better antibodies, better developed AND better used(2010), Chanteloup, Nathalie Katy, and Laboratoires d'excellence - Optimization of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies development Better antibodies, better developed AND better used - - MAbImprove2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0053 - LABX - VALID
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [CHIM.THER] Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], drug delivery, antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), conjugation motif, molecular engineering, bioconjugation, cancer, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, fragment-drug conjugate (FDC)
Abstract: International audience; Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) derived from a full immunoglobulin-G (IgG) are associated with suboptimal solid-tumor penetration and Fc-mediated toxicities. Antibody fragment–drug conjugates (FDCs) could be an alternative. Nevertheless, innovative solutions are needed to implant cysteines as conjugation sites in the single-chain fragment variable (scFv) format, which is the backbone from which many other antibody formats are built. In addition, the bioconjugation site has the utmost importance to optimize the safety and efficacy of bioconjugates. Our previous intra-tag cysteine (ITC) strategy consisted of introducing a bioconjugation motif at the C-terminal position of the 4D5.2 scFv, but this motif was subjected to proteolysis when the scFv was produced in CHO cells. Considering these data, using three intra-domain cysteine (IDC) strategies, several parameters were studied to assess the impact of different locations of a site-specific bioconjugation motif in the variable domains of an anti-HER2 scFv. In comparison to the ITC strategy, our new IDC strategy allowed us to identify new fragment–drug conjugates (FDCs) devoid of proteolysis and exhibiting enhanced stability profiles, better affinity, and better ability to kill selectively HER2-positive SK-BR-3 cells in vitro at picomolar concentrations. Thus, this work represents an important optimization step in the design of more complex and effective conjugates.
Published: 2022

37. Evidence for Strong HONO Emission from Fertilized Agricultural Fields and its Remarkable Impact on Regional O3 Pollution in the Summer North China Plain

Author: Chaoyang Xue, Rongrong Gu, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Junling An, Can Ye, Xiaoxi Zhao, Maofa Ge, Pengfei Liu, Chenglong Zhang, W. Zhang, Likun Xue, Yangang Ren, Jingwei Zhang, Shengrui Tong, Yujing Mu, Zhuobiao Ma, Gisèle Krysztofiak, Valéry Catoire, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénierie et des Systèmes (INSIS), PIVOTS project provided by the Région Centre − Val de Loire (ARD 2020 program and CPER 2015−2020), and ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010)
Subjects: Pollution, Atmospheric Science, Daytime, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Emission flux, media_common.quotation_subject, North china, O3, emission flux, 010501 environmental sciences, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Human fertilization, Geochemistry and Petrology, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Air quality index, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, HONO, business.industry, Diurnal temperature variation, nitrogen fertilization, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Agriculture, Environmental science, agricultural fields, business
Abstract: International audience; Summertime HONO concentrations were synchronously measured at two (agricultural and nonagricultural) sites in the North China Plain (NCP). Daytime HONO (1.4 ± 0.6 ppbv) and HONO/NO2 ((12 ± 8)%) over the agricultural field after fertilization were found to be remarkably higher than those before fertilization, implying strong HONO emission from the fertilized fields. Synchronous enhancements of HONO and O3 after fertilization at both sites suggested that the emitted HONO accelerated the local and the regional O3 pollution. HONO budget analysis further revealed that its emission was significantly enhanced after fertilization. Soil HONO emission flux and its uncertainty were estimated and discussed. The estimated emission flux exhibited a distinct diurnal variation with a noontime maximum. The net OH production rate from HONO photolysis greatly exceeded that from O3 photolysis over the agricultural field, and their maximum ratio of 4.7 was obtained after fertilization. We provide field evidence that fertilized fields in the NCP act as a strong HONO source, which accelerates daytime photochemistry, leading to an increase of regional photo-oxidants such as O3. Considering the severe O3 pollution in the summer NCP and that the large area of the agricultural field is regularly treated with high fertilization amount in this region, HONO emission should be taken into account in the regional air quality deterioration.
Published: 2021

38. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the synganglion of the tick Ixodes ricinus: Functional characterization using membrane microtransplantation

Author: Anaïs Le Mauff, Emiliane Taillebois, Olivier Plantard, Alison Cartereau, Cédric Neveu, Steeve H. Thany, Claude Rispe, Claude L. Charvet, Hamza Chouikh, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Carnot France Futur Elevage 'Xenobio-Tick' and the 'Screen-Robot' project (APR IA Région Centre Val de Loire). http://www.francefuturelevage.com/fr/activites-de-r-d#projetsfinances, and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Insecticides, Nicotine, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ixodes ricinus, 030231 tropical medicine, Receptors, Nicotinic, Article, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Microtransplantation, medicine, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, Pharmacology (medical), Nicotinic Agonists, Receptor, Acetylcholine receptor, Pharmacology, Methyllycaconitine, Ixodes, Synganglion membrane, Chemistry, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Nicotinic agonist, Female, Parasitology, Acetylcholine, Tick, medicine.drug
Abstract: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are an important class of excitatory receptors in the central nervous system of arthropods. In the ticks Ixodes ricinus, the functional and pharmacological properties of nicotinic receptors located in their neurons are still unknown. The objective of this study was to characterize the pharmacological properties of tick nicotinic receptors using membrane microtransplantation in Xenopus laevis oocytes and two-electrodes voltage clamp method. The membranes microtransplanted were extracted from the tick synganglion. We found that oocytes microtransplanted with tick synganglion membranes expressed nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes which were activated by acetylcholine (1 mM) and nicotine (1 mM). Currents induced by pressure application of acetylcholine and nicotine were diminished by 10 nM α-bungarotoxin and methyllycaconitine, suggesting that they expressed two subtypes of nicotinic receptors, α-bungarotoxin-sensitive and -insensitive, respectively. In addition, we found that nicotine receptors expressed in the synganglion membranes were poorly sensitive to the neonicotinoid insecticides clothianidin (CLT), imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE) and thiamethoxam (TMX), in agreement with their lack of activity as acaricides. Interestingly, current amplitudes were strongly potentialized in the presence of 1 μM PNU-120596. CLT was more active as an agonist than IMI, TMX and ACE. Finally, we demonstrated that microtransplantation of purified membrane from the tick synganglion can be a valuable tool for the development and screening of compounds targeting tick nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes., Graphical abstract Image 1
Published: 2020

39. Vulnérabilité des chênaies de la région Centre Val De Loire au changement de climat -C 4 Rapport de fin de projet

Author: Balandier, Philippe, Korboulewsky, Nathalie, Mårell, Anders, Pérot, Thomas, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Région Centre Val De Loire, convention n°2019 00134939, and INRAE UR EFNO
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, FORET, SECHERESSE, ARBRE, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DEPERISSEMENT, CANICULE
Abstract: La probabilité est forte pour que les chênaies de la région Centre Val de Loire soient dans les prochaines décades le sujet, à la fois, de dépérissements marqués et d’un manque de régénération permettant le renouvellement des peuplements. Sur le dispositif OPTMix (Oak Pine Tree Mixture, https://optmix.inrae.fr/), environ un tiers des chênes (Q. petraea) sont dépérissants, à des degrés divers en 2021. La première variable affectée par ces dépérissements est la croissance, notamment en épaisseur. La deuxième variable est la surface foliaire, réduite d’environ un tiers. Ces réductions résultent notamment des fortes contraintes hydrique et thermique subies durant les années 2018 à 2020. La durée de la contrainte hydrique (nombre de jours sur la période de croissance), plus que son intensité, est un facteur déterminant des dépérissements observés. Par ailleurs, la proportion de chênes dépérissants est plus élevée dans les peuplements les moins denses. Cet effet résulte sans doute des plus fortes contraintes hydrique et thermique subies par la couronne des arbres dans ces peuplements ouverts, le microclimat y étant moins tamponné. Les arbres dépérissants en 2021 ont tous eu une croissance réduite dans le passé, et ce quelle que soit l’année considérée (depuis 2014). Cette propriété pourrait être exploitée pour réaliser des éclaircies sans sacrifice sur la base de la croissance passée des chênes. En absence de régulation de la pression d’herbivorie et de la gestion de la végétation interférente, la régénération naturelle de chêne sessile sur les placettes OPTMix ne permettra pas de constituer un stock suffisant pour renouveler ces peuplements dépérissants. Cela réduit considérablement les capacités d’adaptation génétique de ces peuplements aux contraintes du climat.
Published: 2022

40. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination and Hydroalkoxylation of Alkynes: Access to Original Heterospirocycles

Author: Sylvain Routier, Kossi Efouako Soklou, Karen Plé, Mathieu Marchivie, Jean-Philippe Bouillon, Hamid Marzag, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), We thank the Région Centre Val de Loire (Ph.D. funding SKE), the Labex programs SYNORG (ANR-11-LABX-0029) and IRON (ANR-11-LABX-0018-01), the Ligue contre le Cancer du Grand Ouest (comités des Deux Sèvres, du Finistère, de l’Ile et Villaine, du Loir et Cher, de Loire Atlantique, du Loiret, de la Vienne), and the Canceropole Grand Ouest for their financial support., ANR-11-LABX-0029,SYNORG,Synthèse Organique : des molécules au vivant(2011), ANR-11-LABX-0018,IRON,Radiopharmaceutiques Innovants en Oncologie et Neurologie(2011), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLE, Karen, Synthèse Organique : des molécules au vivant - - SYNORG2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0029 - LABX - VALID, and Radiopharmaceutiques Innovants en Oncologie et Neurologie - - IRON2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0018 - LABX - VALID
Subjects: Annulation, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, education, Organic Chemistry, [CHIM.CATA] Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, humanities, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, Cascade reaction, Intramolecular force, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Hydroamination, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Tertiary alcohols, Hydroalkoxylation
Abstract: International audience; We report here a simple and robust gold-catalyzed annulation reaction, giving N- and O-spirocycles in good to excellent yields. We have prepared a library of protected amines and tertiary alcohols that give, upon cyclization with alkynes, a representative set of heterospirocycles and illustrate reaction compatibility with diverse functional groups. A change in catalytic activity is possible by modifying the solvent, and two original tricyclic spirocycles were synthesized in a tandem reaction.
Published: 2020

41. Preliminary Characterization of a Post-Industrial Soil for Long-Term Remediation by Phytomanagement: Mesocosm Study of Its Phytotoxicity Before Field Application

Author: Manhattan Lebrun, Nour Hattab-Hambli, Sylvain Bourgerie, Florie Miard, Domenico Morabito, Lydie Le Forestier, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Région Centre Val de Loire (Restor project, and contract number: 2014-00091906).
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Soil test, Environmental remediation, Phytotoxicity test, Soil pollution, Mesocosm, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, Metal(loid)s, Phytoremediation, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Soil pH, Dissolved organic carbon, Organic matter, Phytotoxicity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: International audience; The present study focused on the characterization of a multi-contaminated former industrial site, followed by an investigation into the suitability of a possible phytoremediation technique. This study area located in Issoudun (France) was contaminated with high concentrations of trace elements such as copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As). The site was divided into 18 blocks, and soil samples (46 samples taken from the 18 blocks) were analyzed for pH, total organic matter (TOC), electrical conductivity (EC), total concentrations in Cu, Pb, Zn and As and granulometry. In a mesocosm experiment soil pore waters (SPWs) were collected from potted soil using rhizon samplers, at both the beginning (T0) and the end of the experiment (TF), with pH, EC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) being determined directly from the SPW solutions. Cu, Pb, Zn and As concentrations in SPW as well as aboveground and belowground organs of Phaseolus vulgaris were also analyzed. The two main results are shown in this study. Firstly, the physico-chemical properties of the soil revealed the heterogeneity of the area, in particular for blocks 1, 2, 17 and 18. Secondly, the mesocosm phytotoxicity test using Phaseolus vulgaris showed that metal(loid)s plant accumulation depended not only on the soil metal(loid) concentrations, but also on soil pH and sand content. Moreover, Phaseolus vulgaris plants presented a homogeneous growth indicating that the area was able to sustain plant growth. These results revealed that a phytoremediation technique could be applied in this contaminated site.
Published: 2020

42. Métropolisation et santé à Orléans : quand l’institution métropolitaine ouvre de nouveaux champs d’action

Author: Allorant, Pierre, Dournel, Sylvain, Eddazi, Fouad, Pouvoirs - Lettres - Normes (POLEN), Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre d'Etudes pour le Développement des Territoires et l'Environnement (CEDETE), Centre de recherche juridique Pothier (CRJP), and Recherche-action est à la fois soutenue par Orléans Métropole et l’État, via le programme POPSU, ainsi que par 2 PETR et la région Centre-Val de Loire, via le dispositif « A VOS ID ».
Subjects: territoire, Microbiology (medical), Governance, Santé, Lutte d’institutions, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, gouvernance, Immunology, métropolisation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, lutte d’institutions, Metropolization, Institutional struggle, Health, Territoire, Immunology and Allergy, Gouvernance, intercommunalité, Territory, santé, Intercommunalité, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Métropolisation
Abstract: International audience; L’intervention d’une institution métropolitaine peut-elle remédier à une offre de soins lacunaire pour ses habitants ? Cette interrogation guide l’analyse de l’action nouvelle d’Orléans Métropole en matière de santé. Face au nombre insuffisant de médecins pour couvrir les besoins de lapopulation, les maires interviennent par la création de maisons de santé pluridisciplinaire. Vu l’ampleur des besoins, une réponse strictement communale s’avère néanmoins insuffisante. L’intervention métropolitaine semble légitimée pour coordonner, arbitrer et réguler l’actionpublique locale. Toutefois, les compétences de la métropole ne sont que partiellement exploitées. En premier lieu, Orléans Métropole a une capacité d’action limitée faute de fondements juridiques explicites pour asseoir sa légitimité et bénéficier d’outils performants. En second lieu,la métropole est à la fois concurrencée à l’échelle extra-métropolitaine par la région et les territoires adjacents, souhaitant échapper à toute satellisation, et à l’échelle intramétropolitaine par les communes membres, souhaitant préserver leur autonomie.
Published: 2022

43. Introduction

Author: Blanchard, Philippe, Chimier, Jean-Philippe, Gaultier, Matthieu, Milcent, Pierre-Yves, Verjux, Christian, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de l'archéologie du département d'Indre-et-Loire (SADIL), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Service régional de l'Archéologie de région Centre Val-de-Loire, Direction régionale des affaires culturelles, Ministère de la culture et de la Communication (SRA Centre Val-de-Loire), Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes Préhistoriques (TEMPS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Philippe Blanchard, Jean-Philippe Chimier, Matthieu Gaultier, and Christian Verjux
Subjects: inhumation, sépulture, archéologie funéraire, funéraire, Périodes historiques, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Préhistoire, tombe, paléo-anthropologie, typo-chronologie, méthodologie
Abstract: International audience; Le choix du thème de la 11e Rencontre du Groupe d’Anthropologie et d’Archéologie Funéraire a résulté d’undouble constat. D’une part, la multiplication des interventions sur des cimetières, nécropoles et ensembles funérairesen France ces dernières années a permis l’accumulation d’une documentation riche et de qualité sur les dispositifs funéraires découverts et sur leur datation. En contrepoint, les référentiels sur les typo-chronologiesfunéraires publiés et actuellement utilisables sont, au mieux, un peu datés, au pire, absents selon les régions considérées.
Published: 2022

44. Chronic dietary exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide results in total or partial reversibility of plasma oxidative stress, cecal microbiota abundance and short-chain fatty acid composition in broiler hens

Author: Fréville, Mathias, Estienne, Anthony, Ramé, Christelle, Lefort, Gaëlle, Chahnamian, Marine, Staub, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, Lemarchand, Julie, Maximin, Elise, Hondelatte, Alice, Zemb, Olivier, Canlet, Cécile, Guabiraba, Rodrigo, Froment, Pascal, Dupont, Joëlle, LESUR, Hélène, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale Avicole de Tours (UE PEAT), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Metatoul AXIOM (E20 ), MetaboHUB-MetaToul, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and The authors thank the Région Centre Val de Loire for the financial support (Project number 32000858, HAPOFERTI).
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], glyphosate, Physiology, Physiology (medical), birds, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], oxidative stress, cecal microbiome, metabolism
Abstract: Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are massively used in agriculture. However, few studies have investigated the effects of glyphosate-based herbicides on avian species although they are largely exposed via their food. Here, we investigated the potential reversibility of the effects of chronic dietary exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides in broiler hens. For 42 days, we exposed 32-week-old hens to glyphosate-based herbicides via their food (47 mg/kg/day glyphosate equivalent, glyphosate-based herbicides, n = 75) corresponding to half glyphosate’s no-observed-adverse-effect-level in birds. We compared their performance to that of 75 control animals (CT). Both groups (glyphosate-based herbicides and control animals) were then fed for 28 additional days without glyphosate-based herbicides exposure (Ex-glyphosate-based herbicides and Ex-control animals). Glyphosate-based herbicides temporarily increased the plasma glyphosate and AMPA (aminomethylphosphonic acid) concentrations. Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid mostly accumulated in the liver and to a lesser extent in the leg muscle and abdominal adipose tissue. Glyphosate-based herbicides also temporarily increased the gizzard weight and plasma oxidative stress monitored by TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). Glyphosate-based herbicides temporarily decreased the cecal concentrations of propionate, isobutyrate and propionate but acetate and valerate were durably reduced. The cecal microbiome was also durably affected since glyphosate-based herbicides inhibited Barnesiella and favored Alloprevotella. Body weight, fattening, food intake and feeding behavior as well as plasma lipid and uric acid were unaffected by glyphosate-based herbicides. Taken together, our results show possible disturbances of the cecal microbiota associated with plasma oxidative stress and accumulation of glyphosate in metabolic tissues in response to dietary glyphosate-based herbicides exposure in broiler hens. Luckily, glyphosate-based herbicides at this concentration does not hamper growth and most of the effects on the phenotypes are reversible.
Published: 2022

45. An updated version of the Madagascar periwinkle genome

Author: Clément Cuello, Emily Amor Stander, Hans J. Jansen, Thomas Dugé De Bernonville, Audrey Oudin, Caroline Birer Williams, Arnaud Lanoue, Nathalie Giglioli Guivarc'h, Nicolas Papon, Ron P. Dirks, Michael Krogh Jensen, Sarah Ellen O'Connor, Sébastien Besseau, Vincent Courdavault, Biomolécules et biotechnologies végétales (BBV EA 2106), Université de Tours (UT), Future Genomics Technologies, Limagrain Centre de Recherche – Route d’Ennezat – 63720 Chappes, France, Infections Respiratoires Fongiques (IRF), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Brest (UBO), SFR UA 4208 Interactions Cellulaires et Applications Thérapeutiques (ICAT), Université d'Angers (UA), Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, MKJ, SEO, VC], ARD CVL Biopharmaceutical program of the Région Centre-Val de Loire [ETOPOCentre project, VC], ANR-20-CE43-0010,MIACYC,Elucider la machinerie enzymatique catalysant une cyclisation atypique d'alcaloïdes indoliques monoterpéniques à des fins d'ingénierie métabolique(2020), and European Project: 814645,MIAMi
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, Apocynaceae, General Immunology and Microbiology, Catharanthus roseus, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Monoterpene indole alkaloids, General Medicine, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract: This work was supported by EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [MIAMi project, grant number 814645; MKJ, SEO, VC]; ARD CVL Biopharmaceutical program of the Région Centre-Val de Loire [ETOPOCentre project, VC]; and ANR [project MIACYC – ANR-20-CE43-0010, VC].; International audience; The Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, belongs to the Apocynaceae family. This medicinal plant, endemic to Madagascar, produces many important drugs including the monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIA) vincristine and vinblastine used to treat cancer worldwide. Here, we provide a new version of the C. roseus genome sequence obtained through the combination of Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-reads and Illumina short-reads. This more contiguous assembly consists of 173 scaffolds with a total length of 581.128 Mb and an N50 of 12.241 Mb. Using publicly available RNAseq data, 21,061 protein coding genes were predicted and functionally annotated. A total of 42.87% of the genome was annotated as transposable elements, most of them being long-terminal repeats. Together with the increasing access to MIA-producing plant genomes, this updated version should ease evolutionary studies leading to a better understanding of MIA biosynthetic pathway evolution
Published: 2022

46. Host succinate inhibits influenza virus infection through succinylation and nuclear retention of the viral nucleoprotein

Author: Antoine Guillon, Deborah Brea‐Diakite, Adeline Cezard, Alan Wacquiez, Thomas Baranek, Jérôme Bourgeais, Frédéric Picou, Virginie Vasseur, Léa Meyer, Christophe Chevalier, Adrien Auvet, José M Carballido, Lydie Nadal Desbarats, Florent Dingli, Andrei Turtoi, Audrey Le Gouellec, Florence Fauvelle, Amélie Donchet, Thibaut Crépin, Pieter S Hiemstra, Christophe Paget, Damarys Loew, Olivier Herault, Nadia Naffakh, Ronan Le Goffic, Mustapha Si‐Tahar, Lassailly-Bondaz, Anne, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Infrastructure Française pour la Biologie Structurale Intégrée - - FRISBI2010 - ANR-10-INBS-0005 - INBS - VALID, CBH-EUR-GS - - CBH-EUR-GS2017 - ANR-17-EURE-0003 - EURE - VALID, Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100 (CEPR), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université de Tours (UT), ERL 7001 LNOx (Leukemic Niche & redOx metabolism / Niche leucémique et métabolisme redOx) (LNOx), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Microenvironnement des niches tumorales (CNRS GDR 3697 Micronit ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Groupe innovation et ciblage cellulaire (GICC), EA 7501 [2018-...] (GICC EA 7501), Université de Tours (UT)-Université de Tours (UT), Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Institut Curie [Paris], Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Translational microbial Evolution and Engineering (TIMC-TrEE), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity / Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation en Médecine et Complexité - UMR 5525 (TIMC ), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), IRMaGe (IRMaGe), CHU Grenoble-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Biologie des ARN et virus influenza - RNA Biology of Influenza Virus, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), This work was partially supported by the following grants: Inserm, Université of Tours, Région Centre-Val de Loire FLU-MET#2018-00124196, VLM#RF2018052289 (to M.S.-T.), FEDER Euro-FERI (to M.S.-T. and C.P.), Studium research fellowship (to P.S.H. and M.S.-T.), French research network on influenza viruses (ResaFlu, GDR2073) financed by CNRS (to M.S.-T, R.L.G, N.N., T.C., C.C.), SIRIC Montpellier Cancer Grant INCa_Inserm_DGOS_12553 (to A.T.), LabEx IBEID Grant No. 10-LABX-0062 (to N.N.), Ph.D. fellowship from INRAe – Department of animal health (to L.M.). This work used the platforms of the Grenoble Instruct-ERIC center (ISBG, UMS 3518 CNRS-CEA-UGA-EMBL) within the Grenoble Partnership for Structural Biology (PSB), supported by FRISBI (ANR-10-INBS-05-02) and GRAL, financed by the University Grenoble Alpes – Ecoles Universitaires de Recherche CBH-EUR-GS (ANR-17-EURE-0003)., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-10-INBS-0005,FRISBI,Infrastructure Française pour la Biologie Structurale Intégrée(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universiteit Leiden, and Biologie des ARN et virus influenza - RNA Biology of Influenza Virus (CNRS-UMR3569)
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, General Immunology and Microbiology, General Neuroscience, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, viruses, Succinic Acid, Pneumonia, virus, Nucleocapsid Proteins, Virus Replication, Antiviral Agents, antiviral, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mice, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Nucleoproteins, Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Influenza, Human, Animals, Humans, influenza, signaling, Molecular Biology, metabokine, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Influenza virus infection causes considerable morbidity and mortality, but current therapies have limited efficacy. We hypothesized that investigating the metabolic signaling during infection may help to design innovative antiviral approaches. Using bronchoalveolar lavages of infected mice, we here demonstrate that influenza virus induces a major reprogramming of lung metabolism. We focused on mitochondria-derived succinate that accumulated both in the respiratory fluids of virus-challenged mice and of patients with influenza pneumonia. Notably, succinate displays a potent antiviral activity in vitro as it inhibits the multiplication of influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 strains and strongly decreases virus-triggered metabolic perturbations and inflammatory responses. Moreover, mice receiving succinate intranasally showed reduced viral loads in lungs and increased survival compared to control animals. The antiviral mechanism involves a succinate-dependent posttranslational modification, that is, succinylation, of the viral nucleoprotein at the highly conserved K87 residue. Succinylation of viral nucleoprotein altered its electrostatic interactions with viral RNA and further impaired the trafficking of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. The finding that succinate efficiently disrupts the influenza replication cycle opens up new avenues for improved treatment of influenza pneumonia.
Published: 2022

47. Greek and Celtic gold (4th-3rd c. BC.): transfer or interplay?

Author: Nieto-Pelletier, Sylvia, Olivier, Julien, Archéologies d'Orient et d'Occident et Sciences des textes (AOROC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRAMAT - Centre Ernest Babelon (IRAMAT-CEB), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des Monnaies, médailles et antiques (BNF_MMA), Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF), Projet Région Centre-Val de Loire (APR IA), Suspène A., Blet-Lemarquand M., Duyrat Fr., Nieto-Pelletier S., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Nieto-Pelletier, Sylvia
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

48. Experimental and kinetic modeling study of n-pentane oxidation at 10 atm, Detection of complex low-temperature products by Q-Exactive Orbitrap

Author: Maxence Lailliau, Nesrine Belhadj, Philippe Dagaut, Roland Benoit, Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénierie et des Systèmes (INSIS), Région Centre Val de Loire, EFRD, and CPER (projects PROMESTOCK and APROPOR-E), and ANR-11-LABX-0006,CAPRYSSES,Cinétique chimique et Aérothermodynamique pour des Propulsions et des Systèmes Energétiques Propres(2011)
Subjects: Jet-stirred reactor, General Chemical Engineering, Ketohydroperoxides, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization, 02 engineering and technology, Cool flame, 010402 general chemistry, Mass spectrometry, Orbitrap, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High-performance liquid chromatography, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Pentane, Flame ionization detector, Electron ionization, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, kinetic modeling, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Fuel Technology, autoxidation, chemistry, orbitrap, 13. Climate action, high resolution mass spectrometry, Gas chromatography, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Renewable feedstock such as biomass derivatives (hemicellulose, furfural) can be used to produce synthetic fuels, e.g., n-pentane, of interest for enhancing performance of diesel and gasoline engines. Whereas numerous studies of n-pentane have been published, its low temperature oxidation is not fully characterized and even recent kinetic models do not incorporate extended oxidation pathways which still need to be observed for n-pentane. In this context, a continuous flow fused-silica jet-stirred reactor (JSR) was used for studying the oxidation of 2500 ppm of n-pentane at 520‒800 K, 10 atm (representative of piston engines operating conditions), an equivalence ratio of 0.5, and a residence time of 1.5 s. Oxidation products were analyzed in the gas phase using gas chromatography (thermal conductivity, TCD and flame ionization, FID), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and electron impact ionization-quadrupole mass spectrometry (EI-qMS). Gaseous products were also dissolved in acetonitrile for characterization using flow injection analysis (FIA), high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC and UHPLC) coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and Q-Exactive®-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). This allowed detecting lower and higher mass oxygenated molecules such as methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and 2,5-dihydrofuran (C4H6O), 2-butanone (C4H8O), 3-pentene-2-one (C5H8O), pentanediones (C5H8O2), cyclic ethers and pentanones (C5H10O), C3‒C5 alkylhydroperoxides (C3H8O2, C4H10O2, C5H12O2), C2‒C5 alkenylhydroperoxides (C2H4O2, C3H6O2, C4H8O2, C5H10O2), C3‒C5 keto-hydroperoxides (C3H6O3, C4H8O3, C5H10O3), and highly oxygenated molecules (C5H8O4, C5H12O4, C5H10O4, C5H10O5, C5H10O7) produced through multiply O2 addition on fuel’s radicals and internal H-shifts. Among these products 15 had not been reported before. Simulation of the present experiments showed discrepancies between experimental results and predictions.
Published: 2022

49. Les services écosystémiques dans l’action publique : entre contexte favorable et obstacles

Author: Louis Yengué, Jean, Robert, Amélie, Lamare, Justin, RURALITES Rural, Urbain, Acteurs, Liens, Territoires, Environnement, Sociétés (RURALITES), Université de Poitiers, Fédération Territoires (FED 4229), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Service de l'urbanisme de Trois Rivières, Région Centre-Val de Loire (projet SERVEUR), Robert, Amélie, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT)
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, espaces verts urbains, nature en ville, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, citadin, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, disservices, action publique, services écosystémiques, gestionnaire
Abstract: International audience; L’étude présentée a été menée dans le cadre du programme de recherche SERVEUR (Services rendus par les espaces verts urbains, 2013-2016). Financé par la Région Centre-Val de Loire en France, celui-ci s’est fixé comme objectif d’identifier les retombées des espaces verts urbains, pour la population autant que pour les collectivités. Les études sur le point de vue de la première commencent à se multiplier ; en revanche, plus rares sont celles qui s’interrogent sur la manière dont les services écosystémiques sont appréhendés par les collectivités. Quelles connaissances les gestionnaires et décideurs locaux ont-ils de ce concept et de la réalité à laquelle il renvoie ? Ces services sont-ils pris en compte dans leurs travaux et décisions ? Plus généralement, qu’en est-il des préoccupations environnementales ? Qu’en pensent les acteurs locaux et comment les intègrent-ils dans leurs actions et travaux ?Pour appréhender cette perception par les acteurs locaux, des entretiens ont été menés en 2013 auprès de gestionnaires et de décideurs en charge des services Espaces verts de quatre villes de la Région Centre-Val de Loire en France. Les acteurs interrogés et la méthodologie mobilisée sont présentés dans une première partie. Les réponses obtenues révèlent la mesure de la prise en compte croissante des services écosystémiques et son contexte favorable, ce que nous analysons dans la deuxième partie, avant d’aborder les limites et obstacles qui se posent (3e partie).
Published: 2021

50. Short- and long-term impacts of anaerobic digestate spreading on earthworms in cropped soils

Author: Moinard, Victor, Redondi, Clément, Etievant, Veronique, Savoie, Antoine, Duchene, David, Pelosi, Céline, Houot, Sabine, Capowiez, Yvan, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Région Centre Val-de-Loire (MétaMétha project), and ANR-15-CE34-0003,DIGESTATE,Diagnostic des traitements des déchets et comportement des contaminants dans l'environnement(2015)
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Anaerobic digestion is increasingly used in Europe to treat organic substrates and produce biogas as a renewable energy source. The residual matter (digestate) is used in agriculture as an organic fertilizer. The study aims at assessing the impact of digestate application in the field on earthworms from the short term (few hours) to the long term (two years), and at investigating under laboratory conditions the role of ammonia and earthworm behavior on digestate toxicity in the short term. First, we studied earthworm communities in fields fertilized with digestates, cattle effluents, or chemical fertilizers for two years. Earthworm abundance was assessed before and after the fertilization event of the third year. Earthworm mortality at the soil surface was also assessed immediately after fertilization. Next, the toxicity of digestate or ammonia solutions on Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus terrestris was measured in microcosms (110 cm(3)) to better understand the short-term toxicity (two weeks). Finally, we spread digestate (40-80 t ha(-1)) on soil columns (5300 cm(3)) and used X-ray tomography after two weeks to assess the burrowing behavior of earthworms in the cores. Earthworm abundance was 150% higher in the fields treated for two years with digestates or cattle effluents compared to the field treated with chemical fertilizers. 0.5 to 2% of adult earthworms died at the soil surface a few hours after liquid digestate and cattle slurry spreading (18 to 24 t ha(-1)). The digestate (10% to 20% (fresh digestate/dry soil)) and ammonia were also lethal to earthworms in the microcosms within two weeks. In contrast, no mortality occurred inside soil columns two weeks after digestate spreading; A. caliginosa avoided the soil surface with high digestate inputs. This case study highlighted the potential short-term toxicity of digestate (a few hours), which evolved towards a neutral to positive impact in the field in the longer term (from two weeks to two years). Further research is needed to understand the impact of diverse solid and liquid digestates on soil macrofauna in different soils.
Published: 2021

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