Author: "Rüdiger Braun" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Rüdiger Braun"' showing total 172 results

Start Over Author "Rüdiger Braun"

172 results on '"Rüdiger Braun"'

1. Circadian rhythm of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in serum and plasma

Author: Maren Ehrhardt, Stefanie Schreiber, Yves Duderstadt, Rüdiger Braun‐Dullaeus, Katrin Borucki, Tanja Brigadski, Notger G. Müller, Volkmar Leßmann, and Patrick Müller
Subjects: biomarker, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, circadian rhythm, sleep, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract: Abstract The neurotrophic growth factor brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in various neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and depression. BDNF has been proposed as a potential biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring therapy. Understanding the factors influencing BDNF levels and whether they follow a circadian rhythm is essential for interpreting fluctuations in BDNF measurements. We aimed to investigate the circadian rhythm of BDNF by collecting multiple peripheral venous blood samples from young, healthy male participants at 12 different time points over 24 h. In addition, vital parameters, cortisol and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) were measured to explore potential regulatory mechanisms, interfering variables and their correlations with BDNF concentration. The findings revealed that plasma BDNF did not exhibit any significant fluctuations over 24 h, suggesting the absence of a circadian rhythm. However, serum BDNF levels decreased during sleep. Furthermore, serum BDNF showed a positive correlation with heart rate but a negative correlation with IGF1. No significant correlation was observed between cortisol and BDNF or IGF1. Although plasma BDNF suggests steady‐state conditions, the decline of serum BDNF during the nocturnal period could be attributed to physical inactivity and associated with reduced haemodynamic blood flow (heart rate reduction during sleep). The type of sample collection (peripheral venous cannula vs. blood sampling using a butterfly system) does not significantly affect the measured BDNF levels. The sample collection during the day did not significantly affect BDNF analysis, emphasizing the importance of considering activity levels rather than timing when designing standardized protocols for BDNF assessments.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Characterization of Epithelial–Mesenchymal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation States in Pancreatic and Small Cell Ovarian Tumor Cells and Their Modulation by TGF-β1 and BMP-7

Author: Hendrik Ungefroren, Juliane von der Ohe, Rüdiger Braun, Yola Gätje, Olha Lapshyna, Jörg Schrader, Hendrik Lehnert, Jens-Uwe Marquardt, Björn Konukiewitz, and Ralf Hass
Subjects: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, mesenchymal–epithelial transition, neuroendocrine differentiation, TGF-β, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an extremely poor prognosis, due in part to early invasion and metastasis, which in turn involves epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the cancer cells. Prompted by the discovery that two PDAC cell lines of the quasi-mesenchymal subtype (PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2) exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation (NED), we asked whether NED is associated with EMT. Using real-time PCR and immunoblotting, we initially verified endogenous expressions of various NED markers, i.e., chromogranin A (CHGA), synaptophysin (SYP), somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), and SSTR5 in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells. By means of immunohistochemistry, the expressions of CHGA, SYP, SSTR2, and the EMT markers cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and vimentin could be allocated to the neoplastic ductal epithelial cells of pancreatic ducts in surgically resected tissues from patients with PDAC. In HPDE6c7 normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells and in epithelial subtype BxPC-3 PDAC cells, the expression of CHGA, SYP, and neuron-specific enolase 2 (NSE) was either undetectable or much lower than in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells. Parental cultures of PANC-1 cells exhibit EM plasticity (EMP) and harbor clonal subpopulations with both M- and E-phenotypes. Of note, M-type clones were found to display more pronounced NED than E-type clones. Inducing EMT in parental cultures of PANC-1 cells by treatment with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) repressed epithelial genes and co-induced mesenchymal and NED genes, except for SSTR5. Surprisingly, treatment with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-7 differentially affected gene expressions in PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2, BxPC-3, and HPDE cells. It synergized with TGF-β1 in the induction of vimentin, SNAIL, SSTR2, and NSE but antagonized it in the regulation of CHGA and SSTR5. Phospho-immunoblotting in M- and E-type PANC-1 clones revealed that both TGF-β1 and, surprisingly, also BMP-7 activated SMAD2 and SMAD3 and that in M- but not E-type clones BMP-7 was able to dramatically enhance the activation of SMAD3. From these data, we conclude that in EMT of PDAC cells mesenchymal and NED markers are co-regulated, and that mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) is associated with a loss of both the mesenchymal and NED phenotypes. Analyzing NED in another tumor type, small cell carcinoma of the ovary hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), revealed that two model cell lines of this disease (SCCOHT-1, BIN-67) do express CDH1, SNAI1, VIM, CHGA, SYP, ENO2, and SSTR2, but that in contrast to BMP-7, none of these genes was transcriptionally regulated by TGF-β1. Likewise, in BIN-67 cells, BMP-7 was able to reduce proliferation, while in SCCOHT-1 cells this occurred only upon combined treatment with TGF-β and BMP-7. We conclude that in PDAC-derived tumor cells, NED is closely linked to EMT and TGF-β signaling, which may have implications for the therapeutic use of TGF-β inhibitors in PDAC management.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Molecular profiling and specific targeting of gemcitabine-resistant subclones in heterogeneous pancreatic cancer cell populations

Author: Benedikt Färber, Olga Lapshyna, Axel Künstner, Michael Kohl, Thorben Sauer, Kira Bichmann, Benjamin Heckelmann, Jessica Watzelt, Kim Honselmann, Louisa Bolm, Meike ten Winkel, Hauke Busch, Hendrik Ungefroren, Tobias Keck, Timo Gemoll, Ulrich F. Wellner, and Rüdiger Braun
Subjects: pancreatic cancer, intratumor heterogeneity, treatment response, gemcitabine, chemotherapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: PurposeChemotherapy is pivotal in the multimodal treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Technical advances unveiled a high degree of inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. We hypothesized that intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) impacts response to gemcitabine treatment and demands specific targeting of resistant subclones.MethodsUsing single cell-derived cell lines (SCDCLs) from the classical cell line BxPC3 and the basal-like cell line Panc-1, we addressed the effect of ITH on response to gemcitabine treatment.ResultsIndividual SCDCLs of both parental tumor cell populations showed considerable heterogeneity in response to gemcitabine. Unsupervised PCA including the 1,000 most variably expressed genes showed a clustering of the SCDCLs according to their respective sensitivity to gemcitabine treatment for BxPC3, while this was less clear for Panc-1. In BxPC3 SCDCLs, enriched signaling pathways EMT, TNF signaling via NfKB, and IL2STAT5 signaling correlated with more resistant behavior to gemcitabine. In Panc-1 SCDCLs MYC targets V1 and V2 as well as E2F targets were associated with stronger resistance. We used recursive feature elimination for Feature Selection in order to compute sets of proteins that showed strong association with the response to gemcitabine. The optimal protein set calculated for Panc-1 comprised fewer proteins in comparison to the protein set determined for BxPC3. Based on molecular profiles, we could show that the gemcitabine-resistant SCDCLs of both BxPC3 and Panc-1 are more sensitive to the BET inhibitor JQ1 compared to the respective gemcitabine-sensitive SCDCLs.ConclusionOur model system of SCDCLs identified gemcitabine-resistant subclones and provides evidence for the critical role of ITH for treatment response in PDAC. We exploited molecular differences as the basis for differential response and used these for more targeted therapy of resistant subclones.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. RAC1b Collaborates with TAp73α-SMAD4 Signaling to Induce Biglycan Expression and Inhibit Basal and TGF-β-Driven Cell Motility in Human Pancreatic Cancer

Author: Hendrik Ungefroren, Julissa Reimann, Björn Konukiewitz, Rüdiger Braun, Ulrich F. Wellner, Hendrik Lehnert, and Jens-Uwe Marquardt
Subjects: biglycan, cell migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, PDAC, RAC1b, SMAD3, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer type characterized by a marked desmoplastic tumor stroma that is formed under the influence of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Data from mouse models of pancreatic cancer have revealed that transcriptionally active p73 (TAp73) impacts the TGF-β pathway through activation of Smad4 and secretion of biglycan (Bgn). However, whether this pathway also functions in human PDAC cells has not yet been studied. Here, we show that RNA interference-mediated silencing of TAp73 in PANC-1 cells strongly reduced the stimulatory effect of TGF-β1 on BGN. TAp73-mediated regulation of BGN, and inhibition of TGF-β signaling through a (Smad-independent) ERK pathway, are reminiscent of what we previously observed for the small GTPase, RAC1b, prompting us to hypothesize that in human PDAC cells TAp73 and RAC1b are part of the same tumor-suppressive pathway. Like TAp73, RAC1b induced SMAD4 protein and mRNA expression. Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of RAC1b reduced TAp73 mRNA levels, while ectopic expression of RAC1b increased them. Inhibition of BGN synthesis or depletion of secreted BGN from the culture medium reproduced the promigratory effect of RAC1b or TAp73 silencing and was associated with increased basal and TGF-β1-dependent ERK activation. BGN also phenocopied the effects of RAC1b or TAp73 on the expression of downstream effectors, like the EMT markers E-cadherin, Vimentin and SNAIL, as well as on negative regulation of the ALK2-SMAD1/5 arm of TGF-β signaling. Collectively, we showed that tumor-suppressive TAp73-Smad4-Bgn signaling also operates in human cells and that RAC1b likely acts as an upstream activator of this pathway.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Hard wiring of normal tissue-specific chromosome-wide gene expression levels is an additional factor driving cancer type-specific aneuploidies

Author: Sushant Patkar, Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad, Noam Auslander, Daniela Hirsch, Jordi Camps, Daniel Bronder, Markus Brown, Wei-Dong Chen, Rachel Lokanga, Darawalee Wangsa, Danny Wangsa, Yue Hu, Annette Lischka, Rüdiger Braun, Georg Emons, B. Michael Ghadimi, Jochen Gaedcke, Marian Grade, Cristina Montagna, Yuri Lazebnik, Michael J. Difilippantonio, Jens K. Habermann, Gert Auer, Eytan Ruppin, and Thomas Ried
Subjects: Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Abstract Background Many carcinomas have recurrent chromosomal aneuploidies specific to the tissue of tumor origin. The reason for this specificity is not completely understood. Methods In this study, we looked at the frequency of chromosomal arm gains and losses in different cancer types from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and compared them to the mean gene expression of each chromosome arm in corresponding normal tissues of origin from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, in addition to the distribution of tissue-specific oncogenes and tumor suppressors on different chromosome arms. Results This analysis revealed a complex picture of factors driving tumor karyotype evolution in which some recurrent chromosomal copy number reflect the chromosome arm-wide gene expression levels of the their normal tissue of tumor origin. Conclusions We conclude that the cancer type-specific distribution of chromosomal arm gains and losses is potentially “hardwiring” gene expression levels characteristic of the normal tissue of tumor origin, in addition to broadly modulating the expression of tissue-specific tumor driver genes.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Establishment and Molecular Characterization of Two Patient-Derived Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines as Preclinical Models for Treatment Response

Author: Rüdiger Braun, Olha Lapshyna, Jessica Watzelt, Maren Drenckhan, Axel Künstner, Benedikt Färber, Ahmed Ahmed Mohammed Hael, Louisa Bolm, Kim Christin Honselmann, Björn Konukiewitz, Darko Castven, Malte Spielmann, Sivahari Prasad Gorantla, Hauke Busch, Jens-Uwe Marquardt, Tobias Keck, Ulrich Friedrich Wellner, and Hendrik Ungefroren
Subjects: pancreatic cancer, primary cell line, patient-derived cancer model, precision medicine, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract: The prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is exceedingly poor. Although surgical resection is the only curative treatment option, multimodal treatment is of the utmost importance, as only about 20% of tumors are primarily resectable at the time of diagnosis. The choice of chemotherapeutic treatment regimens involving gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX is currently solely based on the patient’s performance status, but, ideally, it should be based on the tumors’ individual biology. We established two novel patient-derived primary cell lines from surgical PDAC specimens. LuPanc-1 and LuPanc-2 were derived from a pT3, pN1, G2 and a pT3, pN2, G3 tumor, respectively, and the clinical follow-up was fully annotated. STR-genotyping revealed a unique profile for both cell lines. The population doubling time of LuPanc-2 was substantially longer than that of LuPanc-1 (84 vs. 44 h). Both cell lines exhibited a typical epithelial morphology and expressed moderate levels of CK7 and E-cadherin. LuPanc-1, but not LuPanc-2, co-expressed E-cadherin and vimentin at the single-cell level, suggesting a mixed epithelial-mesenchymal differentiation. LuPanc-1 had a missense mutation (p.R282W) and LuPanc-2 had a frameshift deletion (p.P89X) in TP53. BRCA2 was nonsense-mutated (p.Q780*) and CREBBP was missense-mutated (p.P279R) in LuPanc-1. CDKN2A was missense-mutated (p.H83Y) in LuPanc-2. Notably, only LuPanc-2 harbored a partial or complete deletion of DPC4. LuPanc-1 cells exhibited high basal and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced migratory activity in real-time cell migration assays, while LuPanc-2 was refractory. Both LuPanc-1 and LuPanc-2 cells responded to treatment with TGF-β1 with the activation of SMAD2; however, only LuPanc-1 cells were able to induce TGF-β1 target genes, which is consistent with the absence of DPC4 in LuPanc-2 cells. Both cell lines were able to form spheres in a semi-solid medium and in cell viability assays, LuPanc-1 cells were more sensitive than LuPanc-2 cells to treatment with gemcitabine and FOLFIRINOX. In summary, both patient-derived cell lines show distinct molecular phenotypes reflecting their individual tumor biology, with a unique clinical annotation of the respective patients. These preclinical ex vivo models can be further explored for potential new treatment strategies and might help in developing personalized (targeted) therapy regimens.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Hemodynamic Assessment of the Pathological Left Ventricle Function under Rest and Exercise Conditions

Author: Jana Korte, Thomas Rauwolf, Jan-Niklas Thiel, Andreas Mitrasch, Paulina Groschopp, Michael Neidlin, Alexander Schmeißer, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, and Philipp Berg
Subjects: computational fluid dynamics, hemodynamics, kinetic energy, left ventricle, mitral valve insufficiency, moving mesh method, Thermodynamics, QC310.15-319, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85
Abstract: Purpose: The analysis of pathological human left ventricular hemodynamics using high-resolved image-based blood flow simulations shows a major potential for examining mitral valve insufficiency (MI) under exercise conditions. Since capturing and simulating the patient-specific movement of the left ventricle (LV) during rest and exercise is challenging, this study aims to propose a workflow to analyze the hemodynamics within the pathologically moving LV. Methods: Patient-specific ultrasound (US) data of ten patients with MI in different stages were captured with three-dimensional real-time echocardiography. US measurements were performed while patients were resting and while doing handgrip exercise (2–4 min work). Patient-specific hemodynamic simulations were carried out based on the captured ventricular wall movement. Velocity and kinetic energy were analyzed for rest and exercise and for the different MI stages. Results: The results reveal a dependency of the kinetic energy over time in the ventricular volume curves. Concerning the comparison between rest and exercise, the left ventricular function reveals lower systolic kinetic energy under exercise (kinetic energy normalized by EDV; mean ± standard deviation: rest = 0.16 ± 0.14; exercise = 0.06 ± 0.05; p-value = 0.04). Comparing patients with non-limiting (MI I) and mild/moderate (MI II/III) MI, lower velocities (mean ± standard deviation: non-limiting = 0.10 ± 0.03; mild/moderate = 0.06 ± 0.02; p-value = 0.01) and lower diastolic kinetic energy (kinetic energy normalized by EDV; mean ± standard deviation: non-limiting = 0.45 ± 0.30; mild/moderate = 0.20 ± 0.19; p-value = 0.03) were found for the latter. Conclusion: With the proposed workflow, the hemodynamics within LVs with MI can be analyzed under rest and exercise. The results reveal the importance of the patient-specific wall movement when analyzing intraventricular hemodynamics. These findings can be further used within patient-specific simulations, based on varying the imaging and segmentation methods.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Induced Chromosomal Aneuploidy Results in Global and Consistent Deregulation of the Transcriptome of Cancer Cells

Author: Darawalee Wangsa, Rüdiger Braun, Christina H. Stuelten, Markus Brown, Kerry M. Bauer, Georg Emons, Leigh A. Weston, Yue Hu, Howard H. Yang, Maria Vila-Casadesús, Maxwell P. Lee, Philip Brauer, Lidia Warner, Madhvi Upender, Amanda B. Hummon, Jordi Camps, and Thomas Ried
Subjects: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Chromosomal aneuploidy is a defining feature of epithelial cancers. The pattern of aneuploidies is cancer-type specific. For instance, the gain of chromosome 13 occurs almost exclusively in colorectal cancer. We used microcell-mediated chromosome transfer to generate gains of chromosome 13 in the diploid human colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1. Extra copies of chromosome 13 resulted in a significant and reproducible up-regulation of transcript levels of genes on chromosome 13 (P = .0004, FDR = 0.01) and a genome-wide transcriptional deregulation in all 8 independent clones generated. Genes contained in two clusters were particularly affected: the first cluster on cytoband 13q13 contained 7 highly up-regulated genes (NBEA, MAB21L1, DCLK1, SOHLH2, CCDC169, SPG20 and CCNA1, P = .0003) in all clones. A second cluster was located on 13q32.1 and contained five upregulated genes (ABCC4, CLDN10, DZIP1, DNAJC3 and UGGT2, P = .003). One gene, RASL11A, localized on chromosome band 13q12.2, escaped the copy number-induced overexpression and was reproducibly and significantly down-regulated on the mRNA and protein level (P = .0001, FDR = 0.002). RASL11A expression levels were also lower in primary colorectal tumors as compared to matched normal mucosa (P = .0001, FDR = 0.0001. Overexpression of RASL11A increases cell proliferation and anchorage independent growth while decreasing cell migration in +13 clones. In summary, we observed a strict correlation of genomic copy number and resident gene expression levels, and aneuploidy dependent consistent genome-wide transcriptional deregulation.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Single Chromosome Aneuploidy Induces Genome-Wide Perturbation of Nuclear Organization and Gene Expression

Author: Rüdiger Braun, Scott Ronquist, Darawalee Wangsa, Haiming Chen, Lena Anthuber, Timo Gemoll, Danny Wangsa, Vishal Koparde, Cynthia Hunn, Jens K. Habermann, Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad, Indika Rajapakse, and Thomas Ried
Subjects: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Chromosomal aneuploidy is a defining feature of carcinomas and results in tumor-entity specific genomic imbalances. For instance, most sporadic colorectal carcinomas carry extra copies of chromosome 7, an aneuploidy that emerges already in premalignant adenomas, and is maintained throughout tumor progression and in derived cell lines. A comprehensive understanding on how chromosomal aneuploidy affects nuclear organization and gene expression, i.e., the nucleome, remains elusive. We now analyzed a cell line established from healthy colon mucosa with a normal karyotype (46,XY) and its isogenic derived cell line that acquired an extra copy of chromosome 7 as its sole anomaly (47,XY,+7). We studied structure/function relationships consequent to aneuploidization using genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), RNA sequencing and protein profiling. The gain of chromosome 7 resulted in an increase of transcript levels of resident genes as well as genome-wide gene and protein expression changes. The Hi-C analysis showed that the extra copy of chromosome 7 is reflected in more interchromosomal contacts between the triploid chromosomes. Chromatin organization changes are observed genome-wide, as determined by changes in A/B compartmentalization and topologically associating domain (TAD) boundaries. Most notably, chromosome 4 shows a profound loss of chromatin organization, and chromosome 14 contains a large A/B compartment switch region, concurrent with resident gene expression changes. No changes to the nuclear position of the additional chromosome 7 territory were observed when measuring distances of chromosome painting probes by interphase FISH. Genome and protein data showed enrichment in signaling pathways crucial for malignant transformation, such as the HGF/MET-axis. We conclude that a specific chromosomal aneuploidy has profound impact on nuclear structure and function, both locally and genome-wide. Our study provides a benchmark for the analysis of cancer nucleomes with complex karyotypes.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Suppressive Role of ACVR1/ALK2 in Basal and TGFβ1-Induced Cell Migration in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells and Identification of a Self-Perpetuating Autoregulatory Loop Involving the Small GTPase RAC1b

Author: Hendrik Ungefroren, Rüdiger Braun, Olha Lapshyna, Björn Konukiewitz, Ulrich F. Wellner, Hendrik Lehnert, and Jens-Uwe Marquardt
Subjects: ALK2, ALK5, epithelial subtype, invasion, mesenchymal, phenotype, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells are known for their high invasive/metastatic potential, which is regulated in part by the transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). The involvement of at least two type I receptors, ALK5 and ALK2, that transmit downstream signals of the TGFβ via different Smad proteins, SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5, respectively, poses the issue of their relative contribution in regulating cell motility. Real-time cell migration assays revealed that the selective inhibition of ALK2 by RNAi or dominant-negative interference with a kinase-dead mutant (ALK2-K233R) strongly enhanced the cells’ migratory activity in the absence or presence of TGFβ1 stimulation. Ectopic ALK2-K233R expression was associated with an increase in the protein levels of RAC1 and its alternatively spliced isoform, RAC1b, both of which are implicated in driving cell migration and invasion. Conversely, the RNAi-mediated knockdown or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of RAC1b resulted in the upregulation of the expression of ALK2, but not that of the related BMP type I receptors, ALK3 or ALK6, and elevated the phosphorylation of SMAD1/5. PDAC is a heterogeneous disease encompassing tumors with different histomorphological subtypes, ranging from epithelial/classical to extremely mesenchymal. Upon treatment of various established and primary PDAC cell lines representing these subtypes with the ALK2 inhibitor, LDN-193189, well-differentiated, epithelial cell lines responded with a much stronger increase in the basal and TGFβ1-dependent migratory activity than poorly differentiated, mesenchymal ones. These data show that (i) ALK2 inhibits migration by suppressing RAC1/RAC1b proteins, (ii) ALK2 and RAC1b act together in a self-perpetuating the autoregulatory negative feedback loop to mutually control their expression, and (iii) the ALK2 antimigratory function appears to be particularly crucial in protecting epithelial subtype cells from becoming invasive, both spontaneously and in a TGFβ-rich tumor microenvironment.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Cigarette Smoke Extract Disturbs Mitochondria-Regulated Airway Epithelial Cell Responses to Pneumococci

Author: Mahyar Aghapour, Christy B. M. Tulen, Mohsen Abdi Sarabi, Sönke Weinert, Mathias Müsken, Borna Relja, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, Andreas Jeron, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Alexander H. Remels, and Dunja Bruder
Subjects: mitochondrial dysfunction, cigarette smokes extract, lung epithelial cells, pneumococcal infection, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract: Mitochondrial functionality is crucial for the execution of physiologic functions of metabolically active cells in the respiratory tract including airway epithelial cells (AECs). Cigarette smoke is known to impair mitochondrial function in AECs. However, the potential contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction in AECs to airway infection and airway epithelial barrier dysfunction is unknown. In this study, we used an in vitro model based on AECs exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) followed by an infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp). The levels of oxidative stress as an indicator of mitochondrial stress were quantified upon CSE and Sp treatment. In addition, expression of proteins associated with mitophagy, mitochondrial content, and biogenesis as well as mitochondrial fission and fusion was quantified. Transcriptional AEC profiling was performed to identify the potential changes in innate immune pathways and correlate them with indices of mitochondrial function. We observed that CSE exposure substantially altered mitochondrial function in AECs by suppressing mitochondrial complex protein levels, reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing mitochondrial stress and mitophagy. Moreover, CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction correlated with reduced enrichment of genes involved in apical junctions and innate immune responses to Sp, particularly type I interferon responses. Together, our results demonstrated that CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to impaired innate immune responses to Sp.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Targeting of Extracellular RNA Reduces Edema Formation and Infarct Size and Improves Survival After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

Author: Philipp Stieger, Jan‐Marcus Daniel, Christiane Thölen, Jochen Dutzmann, Kai Knöpp, Dursun Gündüz, Muhammad Aslam, Marian Kampschulte, Alexander Langheinrich, Silvia Fischer, Hector Cabrera‐Fuentes, Yong Wang, Kai C. Wollert, Johann Bauersachs, Rüdiger Braun‐Dullaeus, Klaus T. Preissner, and Daniel G. Sedding
Subjects: edema, extracellular RNA, myocardial infarction, RNase‐1, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: BackgroundFollowing myocardial infarction (MI), peri‐infarct myocardial edema formation further impairs cardiac function. Extracellular RNA (eRNA) released from injured cells strongly increases vascular permeability. This study aimed to assess the role of eRNA in MI‐induced cardiac edema formation, infarct size, cardiac function, and survival after acute MI and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of ribonuclease 1 (RNase‐1) treatment as an eRNA‐degrading intervention. Methods and ResultsC57BL/6J mice were subjected to MI by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Plasma eRNA levels were significantly increased compared with those in controls starting from 30 minutes after ligation. Systemic application of RNase‐1, but not DNase, significantly reduced myocardial edema formation 24 hours after ligation compared with controls. Consequently, eRNA degradation by RNase‐1 significantly improved the perfusion of collateral arteries in the border zone of the infarcted myocardium 24 hours after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, as detected by micro–computed tomography imaging. Although there was no significant difference in the area at risk, the area of vital myocardium was markedly larger in mice treated with RNase‐1 compared with controls, as detected by Evans blue and 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The increase in viable myocardium was associated with significantly preserved left ventricular function, as assessed by echocardiography. Moreover, RNase‐1 significantly improved 8‐week survival following MI. ConclusionseRNA is an unrecognized permeability factor in vivo, associated with myocardial edema formation after acute MI. RNase‐1 counteracts eRNA‐induced edema formation and preserves perfusion of the infarction border zone, reducing infarct size and protecting cardiac function after MI.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. A Secreted Phospholipase A2 Induces Formation of Smooth Muscle Foam Cells Which Transdifferentiate to Macrophage-Like State

Author: Karina Cristina Giannotti, Sönke Weinert, Mariana Nascimento Viana, Elbio Leiguez, Thaís L. S. Araujo, Francisco R. M. Laurindo, Bruno Lomonte, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, and Catarina Teixeira
Subjects: phospholipase A2, vascular smooth muscle cells, lipid droplets, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) loaded with lipid droplets (LDs) are markers of atherosclerosis. In this disease, inflammatory Group IIA-secreted phospholipase A2s (GIIA sPLA2s) are highly expressed in VSMCs, but their actions in these cells are unknown. Here, we investigated the ability of myotoxin III (MT-III), an ophidian GIIA sPLA2 sharing structural and functional features with mammalian GIIA sPLA2s, to induce LD formation and lipid metabolism factors involved in this effect. Modulation of VSMC phenotypes by this sPLA2 was also evaluated. Incubation of VSMCs with MT-III significantly increased the number of LDs. MT-III upregulated scavenger receptor type 1 (SR-A1) and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) protein expression and enhanced acetylated-low density lipoprotein (acLDL) uptake by VSMCs, revealing the ability of a GIIA PLA2 to modulate scavenger receptor activities. MT-III induced translocation and protein expression of PPAR-γ and -β/δ. Inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT) and acyl-CoA:cholesterolacyltransferase (ACAT) enzymes abrogated MT-III-induced LD formation. Moreover, in response to MT-III, VSMCs acquired phagocytic activity and expressed macrophage markers CD68 and MAC-2. In conclusion, MT-III is able to stimulate VSMCs and recruit factors involved in lipid uptake and metabolism, leading to the formation of VSMC-derived foam cells with acquisition of macrophage-like markers and functions.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Stand Alone or Stay Together: An In-situ Experiment of Mixed-Reality Applications in Embryonic Anatomy Education.

Author: Danny Schott, Matthias Kunz, Florian Heinrich, Jonas Mandel, Anne Albrecht, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, and Christian Hansen 0001
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Role of the phosphatase PTEN in early vascular remodeling.

Author: Daniel G Sedding, Rebecca Widmer-Teske, Andreas Mueller, Philipp Stieger, Jan-Marcus Daniel, Dursun Gündüz, Soni Pullamsetti, Holger Nef, Helge Moellmann, Christian Troidl, Christian Hamm, and Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The phosphatase PTEN represents an important physiological inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signalling, however, the functional role of PTEN in the initial phase of angioplasty-induced vascular injury remains elusive. In the present study we sought to determine PTEN's effect on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis following acute injury in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry indicated a faint basal expression and equal distribution of PTEN in uninjured rat carotid arteries. 12 h following balloon-injury, PTEN expression was strongly increased in apoptotic (TUNEL+) VSMC. In vitro, stimulation with serum or different growth factors or subjecting VSMC to cyclic stretch had no effect on PTEN expression, whereas stimulation with H2O2 robustly increased PTEN expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. To evaluate the functional role of PTEN expression, human VSMC were transduced with WT-PTEN. Overexpression of PTEN increased the number of apoptotic VSMC (19.8%±4.4 vs. 5.6%±2.3; P
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. An AR-Based Multi-User Learning Environment for Anatomy Seminars.

Author: Danny Schott, Matthias Kunz, Jonas Mandel, Lovis Schwenderling, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, and Christian Hansen 0001
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. CardioGenesis4D: Interactive Morphological Transitions of Embryonic Heart Development in a Virtual Learning Environment.

Author: Danny Schott, Matthias Kunz, Tom Wunderling, Florian Heinrich, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, and Christian Hansen 0001
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Ancient Bones: Unearthing the Astonishing New Story of How We Became Human

Author: Madelaine Böhme, Rüdiger Braun, Florian Breier, Jane Billinghurst
Published: 2020

19. Prognostic factors after resection of locally advanced non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm: an analysis from the German Cancer Registry Group of the Society of German Tumor Centers

Author: Thaer S. A. Abdalla, Monika Klinkhammer-Schalke, Sylke Ruth Zeissig, Kees Kleihues-van Tol, Kim C. Honselmann, Rüdiger Braun, Louisa Bolm, Hryhoriy Lapshyn, Stanislav Litkevych, Sergii Zemskov, Nehara Begum, Birte Kulemann, Richard Hummel, Ulrich Friedrich Wellner, Tobias Keck, and Steffen Deichmann
Subjects: Cancer Research, Oncology, General Medicine
Abstract: Objective The available literature regarding outcome after pancreatic resection in locally advanced non-functional pNEN (LA-pNEN) is sparse. Therefore, this study evaluates the current survival outcomes and prognostic factors in after resection of LA-pNEN. Materials and methods This population-based analysis was derived from 17 German cancer registries from 2000 to 2019. Patients with upfront resected non-functional non-metastatic LA-pNEN were included. Results Out of 2776 patients with pNEN, 277 met the inclusion criteria. 137 (45%) of the patients were female. The median age was 63 ± 18 years. Lymph node metastasis was present in 45%. G1, G2 and G3 pNEN were found in 39%, 47% and 14% of the patients, respectively. Resection of LA-pNEN resulted in favorable 3-, 5- and 10-year overall survival of 79%, 74%, and 47%. Positive resection margin was the only potentially modifiable independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.71–3.69, p value = 0.046), whereas tumor grade G3 (HR 5.26, 95% CI 2.09–13.25, p value p value = 0.012) were the only independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Conclusion Resection of LA-pNEN is feasible and associated with favorable overall survival. G1 LA-pNEN with negative resection margins and absence of lymph node metastasis and lymphangiosis might be considered as cured, while those not fulfilling these criteria might be considered as a high-risk group for disease progression. Herein, negative resection margins represent the only potentially modifiable prognostic factor in LA-pNEN but seem to be influenced by tumor grade.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Figure S4 from Single-Cell–Derived Primary Rectal Carcinoma Cell Lines Reflect Intratumor Heterogeneity Associated with Treatment Response

Author: Thomas Ried, Daniel W. Rosenberg, Zhongqiu Zhang, Eytan Ruppin, Andre Nussenzweig, Jens K. Habermann, Dan L. Sackett, Margaret C. Cam, Philip R. Brauer, E. Michael Gertz, Noam Auslander, Anthony Tubbs, Markus A. Brown, Danny Wangsa, Irianna Torres, Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad, Nicole E. McNeil, Justin Lack, Darawalee Wangsa, Daniela Hirsch, Lena Anthuber, and Rüdiger Braun
Abstract: SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURE S4: Phylogenetic analysis of SCDCLs based on miFISH.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Data from Single-Cell–Derived Primary Rectal Carcinoma Cell Lines Reflect Intratumor Heterogeneity Associated with Treatment Response

Author: Thomas Ried, Daniel W. Rosenberg, Zhongqiu Zhang, Eytan Ruppin, Andre Nussenzweig, Jens K. Habermann, Dan L. Sackett, Margaret C. Cam, Philip R. Brauer, E. Michael Gertz, Noam Auslander, Anthony Tubbs, Markus A. Brown, Danny Wangsa, Irianna Torres, Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad, Nicole E. McNeil, Justin Lack, Darawalee Wangsa, Daniela Hirsch, Lena Anthuber, and Rüdiger Braun
Abstract: Purpose:The standard treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer consists of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery. However, the response of individual tumors to CRT is extremely diverse, presenting a clinical dilemma. This broad variability in treatment response is likely attributable to intratumor heterogeneity (ITH).Experimental Design:We addressed the impact of ITH on response to CRT by establishing single-cell–derived cell lines (SCDCL) from a treatment-naïve rectal cancer biopsy after xenografting.Results:Individual SCDCLs derived from the same tumor responded profoundly different to CRT in vitro. Clonal reconstruction of the tumor and derived cell lines based on whole-exome sequencing revealed nine separate clusters with distinct proportions in the SCDCLs. Missense mutations in SV2A and ZWINT were clonal in the resistant SCDCL, but not detected in the sensitive SCDCL. Single-cell genetic analysis by multiplex FISH revealed the expansion of a clone with a loss of PIK3CA in the resistant SCDCL. Gene expression profiling by tRNA-sequencing identified the activation of the Wnt, Akt, and Hedgehog signaling pathways in the resistant SCDCLs. Wnt pathway activation in the resistant SCDCLs was confirmed using a reporter assay.Conclusions:Our model system of patient-derived SCDCLs provides evidence for the critical role of ITH for treatment response in patients with rectal cancer and shows that distinct genetic aberration profiles are associated with treatment response. We identified specific pathways as the molecular basis of treatment response of individual clones, which could be targeted in resistant subclones of a heterogenous tumor.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Supplementary Text from Single-Cell–Derived Primary Rectal Carcinoma Cell Lines Reflect Intratumor Heterogeneity Associated with Treatment Response

Author: Thomas Ried, Daniel W. Rosenberg, Zhongqiu Zhang, Eytan Ruppin, Andre Nussenzweig, Jens K. Habermann, Dan L. Sackett, Margaret C. Cam, Philip R. Brauer, E. Michael Gertz, Noam Auslander, Anthony Tubbs, Markus A. Brown, Danny Wangsa, Irianna Torres, Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad, Nicole E. McNeil, Justin Lack, Darawalee Wangsa, Daniela Hirsch, Lena Anthuber, and Rüdiger Braun
Abstract: Supplementary text
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Relationships of peripheral IGF-1, VEGF and BDNF levels to exercise-related changes in memory, hippocampal perfusion and volumes in older adults.

Author: Anne Maaß, Sandra Düzel, Tanja Brigadski, Monique Goerke, Andreas Becke, Uwe Sobieray, Katja Neumann, Martin Lövdén, Ulman Lindenberger, Lars Bäckman, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Dörte Ahrens, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Notger G. Müller, Volkmar Lessmann, Michael Sendtner, and Emrah Düzel
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Was der (Allgemein- und Viszeral‑)Chirurg über die Thromboseprophylaxe wissen sollte

Author: Saskia Meißler, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Michael Hansen, and Frank Meyer
Abstract: ZusammenfassungEin persistierendes Problem im klinisch-operativen Alltag ist die operationsassoziierte venöse Thrombembolie mit ihren möglichen Komplikationen. Zu den ureigenen und elementaren Aufgaben des Chirurgen, sowohl des Operateurs als auch des klinisch tätigen Mediziners, gehören daher die kompetente und verlässlich realisierte Thrombembolieprophylaxe. Zahlreiche präventive Ansätze wurden entwickelt und im täglichen Management etabliert, ein Restrisiko für eine Thromboseentwicklung bleibt bestehen. Unter diesem Aspekt wurde eine Recherche insbesondere zur wissenschaftlichen Literatur mit Übersichts- und Leitliniencharakter zum Thema Risikostratifizierung, Prophylaxeverfahren allgemein und bei spezifischen Indikationen durchgeführt.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Validity of anamnestic data on allergies towards β-lactam antibiotics in a preoperative setting

Author: Katharina Luwich, Eva Lücke, Thomas Hachenberg, Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski, Robin John, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, and Jens Schreiber
Subjects: Immunology and Allergy
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Postoperative Outcomes of Tangential versus Segmental Resection and End-to-end Reconstruction of the Superior Mesenterico-Portal Vein During Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Single-Center Experience

Author: D Bausch, Kim C. Honselmann, Steffen Deichmann, Dirk Rades, Rüdiger Braun, Birte Kulemann, Louisa Bolm, Ulrich F. Wellner, Tobias Keck, Hryhoriy Lapshyn, Theresa Schulte, Ekaterina Petrova, Natalie Petruch, and Jens Hoeppner
Subjects: Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Mortality rate, Portal vein, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Single Center, Resection, Surgery, Oncology, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, Adenocarcinoma, Segmental resection, business, Venous resection
Abstract: Background/aim The impact of venous resections and reconstruction techniques on morbidity after surgery for pancreatic cancer (PDAC) remains controversial. Patients and methods A total of 143 patients receiving pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for PDAC between 2013 and 2018 were identified from a prospective database. Morbidity and mortality after PD with tangential resection versus end-to-end reconstruction were assessed. Results Fifty-two of 143 (36.4%) patients underwent PD with portal venous resection (PVR), which was associated with longer operation times [398 (standard error (SE) 12.01) vs. 306 (SE 13.09) min, p 0.99) were not different. Tangential venous resection was associated with similar CDC grade IIIa-IV (42.9% vs. 50.0%, p=0.781) and 30-day mortality rates (3.5% vs. 4.1%, p=0.538) as segmental resection and end-to-end venous reconstruction. Conclusion Both tangential and segmental PVR appear feasible and can be safely performed to achieve negative resection margins.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. A simple nomogram for early postoperative risk prediction of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy

Author: Kim C. Honselmann, Tobias Keck, C Antoine, D Bausch, Louisa Bolm, Ulrich F. Wellner, Steffen Deichmann, Hryhoriy Lapshyn, Ekaterina Petrova, L Frohneberg, and Rüdiger Braun
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Fistula, Pancreatic surgery, POPF, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Pancreatic Fistula, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Postoperative Period, Retrospective Studies, Pancreatic duct, Gastric emptying, business.industry, Nomogram, medicine.disease, Risk prediction, Surgery, Nomograms, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pancreatic fistula, Original Article, business, Complication, Abdominal surgery
Abstract: Purpose Postoperative pancreatic fistulae (POPF) present a serious and life-threatening complication after pancreatic head resections (PD). Therefore, reliable risk stratification to identify those at risk is urgently needed. The aim of this study was to identify postoperative laboratory parameters for the prediction of POPF in the early postoperative period. Methods One hundred eighty-two patients who underwent PD from 2012 until 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed using the GLM (general linear model) method for model building. Two nomograms were created based on the GLM models of postoperative day one and postoperative day one to five. A cohort of 48 patients operated between 2018 and 2019 served as internal validation. Results Clinically relevant pancreatic fistulae (CR-POPF) were present in 16% (n = 29) of patients. Patients with CR-POPF experienced significantly more insufficiencies of gastroenterostomies, delayed gastric emptying, and more extraluminal bleeding than patients without CR-POPF. Multivariate analysis revealed multiple postoperative predictive models, the best one including ASA, main pancreatic duct diameter, operation time, and serum lipase as well as leucocytes on day one. This model was able to predict CR-POPF with an accuracy of 90% and an AUC of 0.903. Two nomograms were created for easier use. Conclusion Clinically relevant fistula can be predicted using simple laboratory and clinical parameters. Not serum amylase, but serum lipase is an independent predictor of CR-POPF. Our simple nomograms may help in the identification of patients for early postoperative interventions.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Clinical Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma Compared to Ductal Adenocarcinoma-Results from the German Cancer Registry Group

Author: Rüdiger Braun, Monika Klinkhammer-Schalke, Sylke Ruth Zeissig, Kees Kleihus van Tol, Louisa Bolm, Kim C. Honselmann, Ekaterina Petrova, Hryhoriy Lapshyn, Steffen Deichmann, Thaer S. A. Abdalla, Benjamin Heckelmann, Peter Bronsert, Sergii Zemskov, Richard Hummel, Tobias Keck, and Ulrich F. Wellner
Subjects: Cancer Research, Oncology, pancreatic cancer, adenosquamous carcinoma, ductal adenocarcinoma, overall survival
Abstract: Background: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas (ASCP) is a rare malignancy and its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Sparse clinical data suggest that clinical outcome and overall survival is worse in comparison to common pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: We evaluated clinical outcome and prognostic factors for overall survival of patients with ASCP in comparison to patients with PDAC recorded between 2000 and 2019 in 17 population-based clinical cancer registries at certified cancer centers within the Association of German Tumor Centers (ADT). Results: We identified 278 (0.5%) patients with ASCP in the entire cohort of 52,518 patients with pancreatic cancer. Significantly, more patients underwent surgical resection in the cohort of ASCP patients in comparison to patients with PDAC (p < 0.001). In the cohort of 142 surgically resected patients with ASCP, the majority of patients was treated by pancreatoduodenectomy (44.4%). However, compared to the cohort of PDAC patients, significantly more patients underwent distal pancreatectomy (p < 0.001), suggesting that a significantly higher proportion of ASCP tumors was located in the pancreatic body/tail. ASCPs were significantly more often poorly differentiated (G3) (p < 0.001) and blood vessel invasion (V1) was detected more frequently (p = 0.01) in comparison with PDAC. Median overall survival was 6.13 months (95% CI 5.20–7.06) for ASCP and 8.10 months (95% CI 7.93–8.22) for PDAC patients, respectively (p = 0.094). However, when comparing only those patients who underwent surgical resection, overall survival of ASCP patients was significantly shorter (11.80; 95% CI 8.20–15.40 months) compared to PDAC patients (16.17; 95% CI 15.78–16.55 months) (p = 0.007). ASCP was a highly significant prognostic factor for overall survival in univariable regression analysis (p = 0.007) as well as in multivariable Cox regression analysis (HR 1.303; 95% CI 1.013–1.677; p = 0.039). Conclusions: In conclusion, ASCP showed poorer differentiation and higher frequency of blood vessel invasion indicative of a more aggressive tumor biology. ASCP was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival in a multivariable analysis. Overall survival of resected ASCP patients was significantly shorter compared to resected PDAC patients. However, surgical resection still improved survival significantly.
Published: 2022

29. Radiological prediction of portal vein infiltration in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Author: Kim C. Honselmann, Tobias Keck, Theresa Schulte, D Bausch, Stefan Sondermann, Ekaterina Petrova, Louisa Bolm, Sergii Zemskov, Ulrich F. Wellner, K. May, Rüdiger Braun, and Hryhoriy Lapshyn
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Portal vein, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Resection, Mesenteric Veins, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine.artery, medicine, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, In patient, Superior mesenteric artery, Neoadjuvant therapy, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Hepatology, Portal Vein, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Survival Analysis, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Radiological weapon, Female, Radiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Infiltration (medical), Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Abstract: Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal malignancy characterized by early loco-regional invasion. Portal vein resection (PVR) during pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for PDAC is performed if tumor cell invasion to the venous wall (PVI) is suspected. The aim of this study is to evaluate radiological criteria for predicting PVR and PVI. Methods Patients undergoing PD for PDAC were identified from a prospectively maintained database. On the basis of CT- and MRI-based imaging portal vein tumor contact (PV), stranding of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and any alterations of the superior mesenterico-portal vein (SMPV) were evaluated. The accuracy of PVI and PVR prediction based on the radiological parameters was calculated. Results 143 patients were included in the study. 48 patients underwent PVR (34%), PVI was diagnosed in 23 patients (16%). Median overall survival was 22 months. Prediction of PVR (sensitivity 79%, negative predictive value 88%, p = 0.010) and PVI (sensitivity 95%, negative predictive value 99%, p = 0.002) was most accurate for any SMPV alterations as compared to the other radiological parameters. SMPV alterations qualified as an independent prognostic parameter (26.5 months vs. 33.5months, p = 0.034). Conclusion Radiological evaluation of any SMPV alterations is a simple preoperative method to accurately predict PVI. Assessing SMPV alterations may help to identify candidates for neoadjuvant therapy.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. The Quasimesenchymal Pancreatic Ductal Epithelial Cell Line PANC-1—A Useful Model to Study Clonal Heterogeneity and EMT Subtype Shifting

Author: Hendrik Ungefroren, Isabel Thürling, Benedikt Färber, Tanja Kowalke, Tanja Fischer, Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro De Assis, Rüdiger Braun, Darko Castven, Henrik Oster, Björn Konukiewitz, Ulrich Friedrich Wellner, Hendrik Lehnert, and Jens-Uwe Marquardt
Subjects: Cancer Research, Oncology, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity, EMT, MET, proinflammatory cytokines, transforming growth factor β, transdifferentiation, PANC-1, phenotype, intratumoral heterogeneity
Abstract: Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is an intrinsic feature of malignant tumors that eventually allows a subfraction of resistant cancer cells to clonally evolve and cause therapy failure or relapse. ITH, cellular plasticity and tumor progression are driven by epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the reverse process, MET. During these developmental programs, epithelial (E) cells are successively converted to invasive mesenchymal (M) cells, or back to E cells, by passing through a series of intermediate E/M states, a phenomenon termed E–M plasticity (EMP). The induction of MET has clinical potential as it can block the initial EMT stages that favor tumor cell dissemination, while its inhibition can curb metastatic outgrowth at distant sites. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), cellular models with which to study EMP or MET induction are scarce. Here, we have generated single cell-derived clonal cultures of the quasimesenchymal PDAC-derived cell line, PANC-1, and found that these differ strongly with respect to cell morphology and EMT marker expression, allowing for their tentative classification as E, E/M or M. Interestingly, the different EMT phenotypes were found to segregate with differences in tumorigenic potential in vitro, as measured by colony forming and invasive activities, and in circadian clock function. Moreover, the individual clones the phenotypes of which remained stable upon prolonged culture also responded differently to treatment with transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 in regard to regulation of growth and individual TGFβ target genes, and to culture conditions that favour ductal-to-endocrine transdifferentiation as a more direct measure for cellular plasticity. Of note, stimulation with TGFβ1 induced a shift in parental PANC-1 cultures towards a more extreme M and invasive phenotype, while exposing the cells to a combination of the proinflammatory cytokines IFNγ, IL1β and TNFα (IIT) elicited a shift towards a more E and less invasive phenotype resembling a MET-like process. Finally, we show that the actions of TGFβ1 and IIT both converge on regulating the ratio of the small GTPase RAC1 and its splice isoform, RAC1b. Our data provide strong evidence for dynamic EMT–MET transitions and qualify this cell line as a useful model with which to study EMP.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Diesseits und Jenseits von Mythos und Logos

Author: Rüdiger Braun
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Apolipoprotein B, Residual Cardiovascular Risk After Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Effects of Alirocumab

Author: Emil Hagström, P. Gabriel Steg, Michael Szarek, Deepak L. Bhatt, Vera A. Bittner, Nicolas Danchin, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G. Goodman, Robert A. Harrington, J. Wouter Jukema, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Nikolaus Marx, Jennifer McGinniss, Garen Manvelian, Robert Pordy, Michel Scemama, Harvey D. White, Andreas M. Zeiher, Gregory G. Schwartz, Pierluigi Tricoci, Matthew T. Roe, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Jay M. Edelberg, Corinne Hanotin, Guillaume Lecorps, Angèle Moryusef, William J. Sasiela, Jean-François Tamby, Philip E Aylward, Heinz Drexel, Peter Sinnaeve, Mirza Dilic, Renato D. Lopes, Nina N Gotcheva, Juan-Carlos Prieto, Huo Yong, Patricio López-Jaramillo, Ivan Pećin, Zeljko Reiner, Petr Ostadal, Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen, Margus Viigimaa, Markku S Nieminen, Vakhtang Chumburidze, Pablo Carlos, Montenegro Valdovinos, Hung-Fat Tse, Robert Gabor Kiss, Denis Xavier, Doron Zahger, Marco Valgimigli, Takeshi Kimura, Hyo Soo Kim, Sang-Hyun Kim, Andrejs Erglis, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Sasko Kedev, Khalid Yusoff, Gabriel Arturo Ramos López, Marco Alings, Sigrun Halvorsen, Roger M Correa Flores, Rody G. Sy, Andrzej Budaj, Joao Morais, Maria Dorobantu, Yuri Karpov, Arsen D. Ristic, Terrance Chua, Jan Murin, Zlatko Fras, Anthony J Dalby, José Tuñón, H. Asita de Silva, Ulf Landmesser, Christian Müller, Chern-En Chiang, Piyamitr Sritara, Sema Guneri, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kausik K. Ray, Patrick M. Moriarty, Robert Vogel, Bernard Chaitman, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Anders G. Olsson, Jean-Lucien Rouleau, Maarten L. Simoons, Karen Alexander, Chiara Meloni, Robert Rosenson, Eric J.G. Sijbrands, John H. Alexander, Luciana Armaganijan, Akshay Bagai, Maria Cecilia Bahit, J. Matthew Brennan, Shaun Clifton, Adam D. DeVore, Shalonda Deloatch, Sheila Dickey, Keith Dombrowski, Grégory Ducrocq, Zubin Eapen, Patricia Endsley, Arleen Eppinger, Robert W. Harrison, Connie Ng Hess, Mark A. Hlatky, Joseph Dedrick Jordan, Joshua W. Knowles, Bradley J. Kolls, David F. Kong, Sergio Leonardi, Linda Lillis, David J. Maron, Jill Marcus, Robin Mathews, Rajendra H. Mehta, Robert J. Mentz, Humberto Graner Moreira, Chetan B. Patel, Sabrina Bernardez Pereira, Lynn Perkins, Thomas J. Povsic, Etienne Puymirat, William Schuyler Jones, Bimal R. Shah, Matthew W. Sherwood, Kenya Stringfellow, Darin Sujjavanich, Mustafa Toma, Charlene Trotter, Sean F.P. van Diepen, Matthew D. Wilson, Andrew Tze-Kay Yan, Lilia B Schiavi, Marcelo Garrido, Andrés F Alvarisqueta, Sonia A Sassone, Anselmo P Bordonava, Alberto E Alves De Lima, Jorge M Schmidberg, Ernesto A Duronto, Orlando C Caruso, Leonardo P Novaretto, Miguel Angel Hominal, Oscar R Montaña, Alberto Caccavo, Oscar A Gomez Vilamajo, Alberto J Lorenzatti, Luis R Cartasegna, Gustavo A Paterlini, Ignacio J Mackinnon, Guillermo D Caime, Marcos Amuchastegui, Oscar Salomone, Oscar R Codutti, Horacio O Jure, Julio OE Bono, Adrian D Hrabar, Julio A Vallejos, Rodolfo A Ahuad Guerrero, Federico Novoa, Cristian A Patocchi, Cesar J Zaidman, Maria E Giuliano, Ricardo D Dran, Marisa L Vico, Gabriela S Carnero, Pablo N Guzman, Juan C Medrano Allende, Daniela F Garcia Brasca, Miguel H Bustamante Labarta, Sebastian Nani, Eduardo DS Blumberg, Hugo R Colombo, Alberto Liberman, Victorino Fuentealba, Hector L Luciardi, Gabriel D Waisman, Mario A Berli, Ruben O Garcia Duran, Horacio G Cestari, Hugo A Luquez, Jorge A Giordano, Silvia S Saavedra, Gerardo Zapata, Osvaldo Costamagna, Susana Llois, Jonathon H Waites, Nicholas Collins, Allan Soward, Chris LS Hii, James Shaw, Margaret A Arstall, John Horowitz, Daniel Ninio, James F Rogers, David Colquhoun, Romulo E Oqueli Flores, Philip Roberts-Thomson, Owen Raffel, Sam J Lehman, Constantine Aroney, Steven GM Coverdale, Paul J Garrahy, Gregory Starmer, Mark Sader, Patrick A Carroll, Ronald Dick, Robert Zweiker, Uta Hoppe, Kurt Huber, Rudolf Berger, Georg Delle-Karth, Bernhard Frey, Franz Weidinger, Dirk Faes, Kurt Hermans, Bruno Pirenne, Attilio Leone, Etienne Hoffer, Mathias CM Vrolix, Luc De Wolf, Bart Wollaert, Marc Castadot, Karl Dujardin, Christophe Beauloye, Geert Vervoort, Harry Striekwold, Carl Convens, John Roosen, Emanuele Barbato, Marc Claeys, Frank Cools, Ibrahim Terzic, Fahir Barakovic, Zlatko Midzic, Belma Pojskic, Emir Fazlibegovic, Azra Durak-Nalbantic, Mehmed Kulić, Dusko Vulic, Adis Muslibegovic, Boris Goronja, Gilmar Reis, Luciano Sousa, Jose C Nicolau, Flavio E Giorgeto, Ricardo P Silva, Lilia Nigro Maia, Rafael Rech, Paulo RF Rossi, Maria José AG Cerqueira, Norberto Duda, Renato Kalil, Adrian Kormann, José Antonio M Abrantes, Pedro Pimentel Filho, Ana Priscila Soggia, Mayler ON de Santos, Fernando Neuenschwander, Luiz C Bodanese, Yorghos L Michalaros, Freddy G Eliaschewitz, Maria H Vidotti, Paulo E Leaes, Roberto V Botelho, Sergio Kaiser, Euler Roberto F Fernandes Manenti, Dalton B Precoma, Jose C Moura Jorge, Pedro Silva, Jose A Silveira, Wladmir Saporito, Jose A Marin Neto, Gilson S Feitosa, Luiz Eduardo F Ritt, Juliana A de Souza, Fernando Costa, Weimar KSB Souza, Helder JL Reis, Leandro Machado, José Carlos Aidar Ayoub, Georgi V Todorov, Fedya P Nikolov, Elena S Velcheva, Maria L Tzekova, Haralambi O Benov, Stanislav L Petranov, Haralin S Tumbev, Nina S Shehova-Yankova, Dimitar T Markov, Dimitar H Raev, Mihail N Mollov, Kostadin N Kichukov, Katya A Ilieva- Pandeva, Raya Ivanova, Maryana Gospodinov, Valentina M Mincheva, Petar V Lazov, Bojidar I Dimov, Manohara Senaratne, James Stone, Jan Kornder, Stephen Pearce, Danielle Dion, Daniel Savard, Yves Pesant, Amritanshu Pandey, Simon Robinson, Gilbert Gosselin, Saul Vizel, Gordon Hoag, Ronald Bourgeois, Anne Morisset, Eric Sabbah, Bruce Sussex, Simon Kouz, Paul MacDonald, Ariel Diaz, Nicolas Michaud, David Fell, Raymond Leung, Tycho Vuurmans, Christopher Lai, Frank Nigro, Richard Davies, Gustavo Nogareda, Ram Vijayaraghavan, John Ducas, Serge Lepage, Shamir Mehta, James Cha, Robert Dupuis, Peter Fong, Sohrab Lutchmedial, Josep Rodes-Cabau, Hussein Fadlallah, David Cleveland, Thao Huynh, Iqbal Bata, Adnan Hameed, Cristian Pincetti, Sergio Potthoff, Juan C Prieto, Monica Acevedo, Arnoldo Aguirre, Margarita Vejar, Mario Yañez, Guillermo Araneda, Mauricio Fernandez, Luis Perez, Paola Varleta, Fernando Florenzano, Laura Huidobro, Carlos A Raffo, Claudia Olivares, Leonardo Nahuelpan, Humberto Montecinos, Jiyan Chen, Yugang Dong, Weijian Huang, Jianzhong Wang, Shi’An Huang, Zhuhua Yao, Xiang Li, Lan Cui, Wenhua Lin, Yuemin Sun, Jingfeng Wang, Jianping Li, Xuelian Zhang, Hong Zhu, Dandan Chen, Lan Huang, Shaohong Dong, Guohai Su, Biao Xu, Xi Su, Xiaoshu Cheng, Jinxiu Lin, Wenxia Zong, Huanming Li, Yi Feng, Dingli Xu, Xinchun Yang, Yuannan Ke, Xuefeng Lin, Zheng Zhang, Zeqi Zheng, Zhurong Luo, Yundai Chen, Chunhua Ding, Yi Zhong, Yang Zheng, Xiaodong Li, Daoquan Peng, Shuiping Zhao, Ying Li, Xuebo Liu, Meng Wei, Shaowen Liu, Yihua Yu, Baiming Qu, Weihong Jiang, Yujie Zhou, Xingsheng Zhao, Zuyi Yuan, Ying Guo, Xiping Xu, Xubo Shi, Junbo Ge, Guosheng Fu, Feng Bai, Weiyi Fang, Xiling Shou, Xiangjun Yang, Jian’An Wang, Meixiang Xiang, Yingxian Sun, Qinghua Lu, Ruiyan Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Yizhou Xu, Zhongcai Fan, Tianchang Li, Chun Wu, Nicolas Jaramillo, Gregorio Sanchez Vallejo, Diana C Luna Botia, Rodrigo Botero Lopez, Dora I Molina De Salazar, Alberto J Cadena Bonfanti, Carlos Cotes Aroca, Juan Diego Higuera, Marco Blanquicett, Sandra I Barrera Silva, Henry J Garcia Lozada, Julian A Coronel Arroyo, Jose L Accini Mendoza, Ricardo L Fernandez Ruiz, Alvaro M. Quintero Ossa, Fernando G Manzur Jatin, Aristides Sotomayor Herazo, Jeffrey Castellanos Parada, Rafael Suarez Arambula, Miguel A Urina Triana, Angela M Fernandez Trujillo, Maja Strozzi, Siniša Car, Davor Miličić, Martina Lovrić Benčić, Hrvoje Pintarić, Đeiti Prvulović, Jozica Šikić, Viktor Peršić, Dean Mileta, Kresimir Štambuk, Zdravko Babić, Vjekoslav Tomulic, Josip Lukenda, Stanka Mejic-Krstulovic, Boris Starcevic, Jindrich Spinar, David Horak, Zdenek Velicka, David Alan, Vilma Machova, Ales Linhart, Vojtech Novotny, Vladimir Kaucak, Richard Rokyta, Robert Naplava, Zdenek Coufal, Vera Adamkova, Ivo Podpera, Jiri Zizka, Zuzana Motovska, Ivana Marusincova, Petr Heinc, Jiri Kuchar, Petr Povolny, Jiri Matuska, Steen H Poulsen, Bent Raungaard, Peter Clemmensen, Lia E Bang, Ole May, Morten Bøttcher, Jens D Hove, Lars Frost, Gunnar Gislason, John Larsen, Peter Betton Johansen, Flemming Hald, Peter Johansen, Jørgen Jeppesen, Tonny Nielsen, Kjeld S Kristensen, Piotr Maria Walichiewicz, Jens D Lomholdt, Ib C Klausen, Peter Kaiser Nielsen, Flemming Davidsen, Lars Videbaek, Mai Soots, Veiko Vahula, Anu Hedman, Üllar Soopõld, Kaja Märtsin, Tiina Jurgenson, Arved Kristjan, Saila Vikman, Heikki Huikuri, Juhani Airaksinen, Pierre Coste, Emile Ferrari, Olivier Morel, Gilles Montalescot, Jacques Machecourt, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Jacques Mansourati, Yves Cottin, Ph. Gabriel Steg, Florence Leclercq, Abdelkader Belhassane, Nicolas Delarche, Franck Boccara, Franck Paganelli, Jérôme Clerc, Francois Schiele, Victor Aboyans, Vincent Probst, Jacques Berland, Thierry Lefèvre, Irakli Khintibidze, Tamaz Shaburishvili, Zurab Pagava, Ramaz Ghlonti, Zaza Lominadze, George Khabeishvili, Rayyan Hemetsberger, Kemala Edward, Ursula Rauch-Kröhnert, Matthias Stratmann, Karl-Friedrich Appel, Ekkehard Schmidt, Heyder Omran, Christoph Stellbrink, Thomas Dorsel, Emmanouil Lianopoulos, Hans Friedrich Vöhringer, Roger Marx, Andreas Zirlik, Detlev Schellenberg, Thomas Heitzer, Ulrich Laufs, Christian Werner, Stephan Gielen, Sebastian Nuding, Bernhard Winkelmann, Steffen Behrens, Karsten Sydow, Mahir Karakas, Gregor Simonis, Thomas Muenzel, Nikos Werner, Stefan Leggewie, Dirk Böcker, Rüdiger Braun- Dullaeus, Nicole Toursarkissian, Michael Jeserich, Matthias Weißbrodt, Tim Schaeufele, Joachim Weil, Heinz Völler, Johannes Waltenberger, Mohammed Natour, Susanne Schmitt, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Stephan Steiner, Lothar Heidenreich, Elmar Offers, Uwe Gremmler, Holger Killat, Werner Rieker, Sotiris Patsilinakos, Athanasios Kartalis, Athanassios Manolis, Dimitrios Sionis, Geargios Chachalis, Ioannis Skoumas, Vasilios Athyros, Panagiotis Vardas, Frangkiskos Parthenakis, Georgios Hahalis, John Lekakis, Apostolos Hatzitolios, Sergio R Fausto Ovando, Pablo Carlos Montenegro Valdovinos, Juan L Arango Benecke, Edgar R Rodriguez De Leon, Bryan PY Yan, David CW Siu, Tibor Turi, Bela Merkely, Imre Ungi, Geza Lupkovics, Lajos Nagy, András Katona, István Édes, Gábor Müller, Iván Horvath, Tibor Kapin, Zsolt Szigeti, József Faluközy, Mukund Kumbla, Manjinder Sandhu, Sharath Annam, Naveen Reddy Proddutur, Reddy Regella, Rajendra K Premchand, Ajaykumar Mahajan, Sudhir Pawar, Atul D Abhyanakar, Prafulla Kerkar, Ravishankar A Govinda, Abraham Oomman, Dhurjati Sinha, Sachin N Patil, Dhiman Kahali, Jitendra Sawhney, Abhijeet B Joshi, Sanjeev Chaudhary, Pankaj Harkut, Santanu Guha, Sanjay Porwal, Srimannarayana Jujjuru, Ramesh B Pothineni, Minguel R Monteiro, Aziz Khan, Shamanna S Iyengar, Jasprakash Singh Grewal, Manoj Chopda, Mahesh C Fulwani, Dr. Aparna Patange, Patil Sachin, Vijay K Chopra, Naresh K Goyal, Rituparna Shinde, Gajendra V Manakshe, Nitin Patki, Sumeet Sethi, Vengatesh Munusamy, Sunil Karnaand Sunil Thanvi, Srilakshmi Adhyapak, Chandrakant Patil, Ulhas Pandurangi, Rishabh Mathur, Jugal Gupta, Suhas Kalashetti, Ajit Bhagwat, Bagirath Raghuraman, Shiv Kumar Yerra, Prasant Bhansali, Rohidas Borse, Patil Rahul, Srihari Das, Vinay Kumar, Jabir Abdullakutty, Shireesh Saathe, Priya Palimkar, Jabir Abdullkutty, Shireesh Sathe, Shaul Atar, Michael Shechter, Morris Mosseri, Yaron Arbel, Chorin Ehud, Havakuk Ofer, Chaim Lotan, Uri Rosenschein, Amos Katz, Yaakov Henkin, Adi Francis, Marc Klutstein, Eugenia Nikolsky, Robert Zukermann, Yoav Turgeman, Majdi Halabi, Alon Marmor, Ran Kornowski, Michael Jonas, Offer Amir, Yonathan Hasin, Yoseph Rozenman, Shmuel Fuchs, Vered Zvi, Osamah Hussein, Dov Gavish, Zvi Vered, Yoseph Caraco, Mazen Elias, Naveh Tov, Efrat Wolfovitz, Michael Lishner, Nizar Elias, Giancarlo Piovaccari, Annamaria De Pellegrin, Raffaella Garbelotto, Gabriele Guardigli, Valgimigli Marco, Giovanni Licciardello, Carla Auguadro, Filippo Scalise, Claudio Cuccia, Alessandro Salvioni, Giuseppe Musumeci, Michelle Senni, Paolo Calabrò, Salvatore Novo, Pompilio Faggiano, Marco Metra, Nicoletta B De Cesare, Sergio Berti, Enrico Puccioni, Marcello Galvani, Maurizio Tespili, Piermarco Piatti, Michela Palvarini, Giuseppe De Luca, Roberto Violini, Alessandro De Leo, Zoran Olivari, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Maurizio Ferratini, Vittorio Racca, Kazuoki Dai, Yuji Shimatani, Haruo Kamiya, Kenji Ando, Yoshihiro Takeda, Yoshihiro Morino, Yoshiki Hata, Kazuo Kimura, Koichi Kishi, Ichiro Michishita, Hiroki Uehara, Toshinori Higashikata, Atsushi Hirayama, Keiji Hirooka, Yasuji Doi, Satoru Sakagami, Shuichi Taguchi, Akihiro Koike, Hiroyuki Fujinaga, Shinji Koba, Ken Kozuma, Tomohiro Kawasaki, Yujiro Ono, Masatoshi Shimizu, Yousuke Katsuda, Atsuyuki Wada, Toshiro Shinke, Junya Ako, Kenshi Fujii, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Koichi Nakao, Yutaka Furukawa, Hiroshi Sugino, Ritsu Tamura, Toshiaki Mano, Masaaki Uematsu, Noriaki Utsu, Kashima Ito, Takuya Haraguchi, Katsuhiko Sato, Yasunori Ueda, Akira Nishibe, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Motomaru Masutani, Jung Han Yoon, Hack-Lyoung Kim, Hun Sik Park, In-Ho Chae, Moo Hyun Kim, Myung Ho Jeong, Seungwoon Rha, Chongjin Kim, Hyo-Soo Kim, Hae Young Kim, Taekjong Hong, Seung-Jea Tahk, Youngkwon Kim, Arija Busmane, Natalija Pontaga, Aldis Strelnieks, Iveta Mintale, Iveta Sime, Zaneta Petrulioniene, Roma Kavaliauskiene, Ruta Jurgaitiene, Gintare Sakalyte, Rimvydas Slapikas, Sigute Norkiene, Nerijus Misonis, Aleksandras Kibarskis, Raimondas Kubilius, Stojko Bojovski, Nensi Lozance, Aleksandar Kjovkaroski, Snezana Doncovska, Tiong Kiam Ong, Sazzli Kasim, Oteh Maskon, Balachandran Kandasamy, Houng B Liew, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed, Armando García Castillo, Jorge Carrillo Calvillo, Pedro Fajardo Campos, Juan Carlos Núñez Fragoso, Edmundo Alfredo Bayram Llamas, Marco Antonio Alcocer Gamba, Jaime Carranza Madrigal, Luis Gerardo González Salas, Enrique López Rosas, Belinda González Díaz, Eduardo Salcido Vázquez, Alfredo Nacoud Ackar, Guillermo Antonio Llamas Esperón, Carlos Rodolfo Martínez Sánchez, María Guerrero De Leon, Rodrigo Suarez Otero, Guillermo Fanghänel Salmón, Jesús Antonio Pérez Ríos, José Angel Garza Ruíz, Robert W Breedveld, Margriet Feenema-Aardema, Alida Borger-Van Der Burg, Pieter AM Hoogslag, Harry Suryapranata, Antonius Oomen, Paulus Van Haelst, Margriet Feenema-Aradema, Jacobijne J Wiersma, Dirk Basart, Ruud MA Van Der Wal, Peter Zwart, Pascalle Monraats, Henricus Van Kesteren, Ioannis Karalis, Johan Jukema, Gerardus JE Verdel, Bart RG Brueren, Roland PTh Troquay, Eric P Viergever, Nadea YY Al-Windy, Gerard L Bartels, Jan H Cornel, Walter RM Hermans, Johannes PR Herrman, Robert J Bos, Reginald GEJ Groutars, Coenraad C Van Der Zwaan, Refik Kaplan, Eelko Ronner, Bjorn E Groenemeijer, Patrick NA Bronzwaer, Anho AH Liem, Bernard JWM Rensing, Marcel JJA Bokern, Remco Nijmeijer, Ferry MRJ Hersbach, Frank F Willems, Antonius TM Gosselink, Saman Rasoul, John Elliott, Gerard Wilkins, Raewyn Fisher, Douglas Scott, Hamish Hart, Ralph Stewart, Scott Harding, Ian Ternouth, Nicholas Fisher, Samuel Wilson, Denise Aitken, Russell Anscombe, Laura Davidson, Tadeusz Tomala, Ottar Nygård, Jon Arne Sparby, Kjell Andersen, Lars Gullestad, Jarle Jortveit, Peter S Munk, Erlend gyllensten Singsaas, Ulf Hurtig, Jorge R Calderon Ticona, Julio R Durand Velasquez, Sandra A Negron Miguel, Enrique S Sanabria Perez, Jesus M Carrion Chambilla, Carlos A Chavez Ayala, Reynaldo P Castillo Leon, Rolando J Vargas GonzalesC, Jose D Hernandez Zuniga, Luis A Camacho Cosavalente, Jorge E Bravo Mannucci, Javier Heredia Landeo, Nassip C Llerena Navarro, Yudy M Roldan Concha, Víctor E Rodriguez Chavez, Henry A Anchante Hernandez, Carlos A Zea Nunez, Walter Mogrovejo Ramos, Arthur Ferrolino, Rosa Allyn G Sy, Louie Tirador, Generoso Matiga, Raul Martin Coching, Alisa Bernan, Gregorio Rogelio, Dante D. Morales, Edgar Tan, Dennis Jose Sulit, Adrian Wlodarczak, Grzegorz Skonieczny, Lidia Pawlowicz, Pawel Wojewoda, Benita Busz-Papiez, Janusz Bednarski, Aleksander Goch, Pawel Staneta, Elzbieta Dulak, Krzysztof Saminski, Wlodzimierz Krasowski, Wanda Sudnik, Aleksander Zurakowski, Marcin Skorski, Roman Lysek, Beata Miklaszewicz, Jan Andrzej Lipko, Edyta Kostarska-Srokosz, Marek Piepiorka, Anna Drzewiecka, Arkadiusz Stasiewski, Tomasz Blicharski, Leszek Bystryk, Michal Szpajer, Marek Korol, Tomasz Czerski, Jacek Gniot, Andrzej Lubinski, Jerzy Gorny, Edward Franek, Grzegorz Raczak, Hanna Szwed, Pedro Monteiro, Jose Mesquita Bastos, Helder H Pereira, Filipe Seixo, Carlos Mendonça, Ana Botelho, Francisca Caetano, Bogdan Minescu, Octavian Istratoaie, Dan N Tesloianu, Gabriel Cristian, Silviu Dumitrescu, Cristian GC Podoleanu, Mircea CA Constantinescu, Cristina M Bengus, Constantin Militaru, Doina Rosu, Irinel R Parepa, Adrian V Matei, Tom M Alexandru, Mihaela Malis, Ioan Coman, Yury Shvarts, Olga Orlikova, Zhanna Kobalava, Olga L Barbarash, Valentin Markov, Nadezhda Lyamina, Alexander Gordienko, Konstantin Zrazhevsky, Alexander Y Vishnevsky, Victor Gurevich, Raisa Stryuk, Nikita V Lomakin, Igor Bokarev, Tatiana Khlevchuk, Sergey Shalaev, Larisa Khaisheva, Petr Chizhov, Inna Viktorova, Natalya Osokina, Vladimir Shchekotov, Evgenia Akatova, Galina Chumakova, Igor Libov, Mikhail I Voevoda, Tatyana V Tretyakova, Evgeny Baranov, Sergey Shustov, Sergey Yakushin, Ivan Gordeev, Niiaz Khasanov, Olga Reshetko, Tatiana Sotnikova, Olga Molchanova, Konstantin Nikolaev, Liudmila Gapon, Elena Baranova, Elena Kosmachova, Yuriy Karpov, Anton Povzun, Liudmila Egorova, Vadim V Tyrenko, Igor G Ivanov, Masterov Ilya, Sergey Kanorsky, Dragan Simic, Nikola Ivanovic, Goran Davidovic, Nebojsa Tasic, Milika R. Asanin, Stevo Stojic, Svetlana R. Apostolovic, Stevan Ilic, Biljana Putnikovic Tosic, Aleksandar Stankovic, Aleksandra Arandjelovic, Slavica Radovanovic, Branislava Todic, Jovan Balinovac, Dragan V. Dincic, Petar Seferovic, Ana Karadzic, Slobodan Dodic, Sinisa Dimkovic, Tamara Jakimov, Kian-Keong Poh, Hean Yee Ong, Justin Tang I-Shing, Karol Micko, Jan Nociar, Daniel Pella, Peter Fulop, Marian Hranai, Juraj Palka, Juraj Mazur, Ivan Majercák, Andrej Dzupina, František Fazekas, Jozef Gonsorcik, Viliam Bugan, Juraj Selecky, Gabriel Kamensky, Jaroslava Strbova, Rudolf Smik, Andrej Dukat, Peter Olexa, Ivan Žuran, Janez Poklukar, Nataša Černič Šuligoj, Matija Cevc, Henry P Cyster, Naresh Ranjith, Clive Corbett, Junaid Bayat, Ellen Makoali Makotoko, Hendrik du Toit Theron, Ilse E Kapp, Matthys M de V Basson, Hanlie Lottering, Dina Van Aswegen, Louis J Van Zyl, Peter J Sebastian, Thayabran Pillay, Jan A Saaiman, Patrick J Commerford, Soraya Cassimjee, Garda Riaz, Iftikhar O Ebrahim, Mahomed Sarvan, Joseph H Mynhardt, Helmuth Reuter, Rajendran Moodley, Manuel Vida, Angel R. Cequier Fillat, Vicente Bodí Peris, Francisco Fuentes Jimenez, Francisco Marín, Jose M Cruz Fernández, Rafael Jesus Hidalgo Urbano, Blas Gil-Extremera, Pablo Toledo, Fernando Worner Diz, David Garcia-Dorado, Andres Iñiguez, Jose R Gonzalez-Juanatey, Javier Fernandez Portales, Fernando Civeira Murillo, Laia Matas Pericas, Jose Luis Zamorano, Manuel De Mora Martin, Jordi Bruguera Cortada, Joaquin J Alonso Martin, Jose Maria Serrano Antolin, José R De Berrazueta Fernández, José Antonio Vázquez de Prada, Jose Francisco Díaz Fernández, José Alberto García Lledó, Juan Cosín Sales, Javier Botas Rodriguez, Gabriel Gusi Tragant, Amparo Benedicto, Carlos Gonzalez-Juanatey, Mercedes Camprubí Potau, Ignacio Plaza Perez, César Morís De La Tassa, Pablo Loma-Osorio Rincon, Javier Balaguer Recena, Juan M Escudier, Antonio Coca Payeras, Norberto Alonso Orcajo, Godwin Constantine, Ruvaiz Haniffa, Nirmali Tissera, Stanley Amarasekera, Chandrike Ponnamperuma, Nimali Fernando, Kaputella Fernando, Jayanthimala Jayawardena, Santharaj Wijeyasingam, Gotabhaya Ranasinghe, Ruvan Ekanayaka, Sepalika Mendis, Vajira Senaratne, Gnanamoorthy Mayurathan, Ajantha Rajapaksha, Thilak Sirisena, Jagath I Herath, Naomali Amarasena, Stefan Berglund, Gundars Rasmanis, Ola Vedin, Nils Witt, Georgios Mourtzinis, Peter Nicol, Ole Hansen, Stefano Romeo, Steen Agergaard Jensen, Ingemar Torstensson, Ulf Ahremark, Torbjörn Sundelin, Tiziano Moccetti, Francois Mach, Ronald Binde, Oliver Gämperli, Wei- Chuan Tsai, Kwo-Chang Ueng, Wen-Ter Lai, Ming-En Liu, Juey- Jen Hwang, Wei-Hsian Yin, I-Chang Hsieh, Ming-Jer Hsieh, Wei Hsiang Lin, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Tsuei-Yuan Huang, Chih-Yuan Fang, Pinij Kaewsuwanna, Wasant Soonfuang, Woravut Jintapakorn, Apichard Sukonthasarn, Nattawut Wongpraparut, Krisada Sastravaha, Nakarin Sansanayudh, Wirash Kehasukcharoen, Dilok Piyayotai, Paiboon Chotnoparatpat, Ahmet Camsari, Hakan Kultursay, Bulent Mutlu, Murat Ersanli, Mustafa Demirtas, Cevat Kirma, Ertan Ural, Lale Koldas, Oleksandr Karpenko, Alexander Prokhorov, Ihor Vakaluyk, Halyna Myshanych, Dmytro Reshotko, Valeriy Batushkin, Leonid Rudenko, Ihor Kovalskyi, Mykola Kushnir, Vira Tseluyko, Yuriy Mostovoy, Mykola Stanislavchuk, Yulian Kyiak, Yuriy Karpenko, Yaroslav Malynovsky, Andriy Klantsa, Oles Kutniy, Ekaterina Amosova, Viktor Tashchuk, Oleh Leshchuk, Mykola Rishko, Mykola Kopytsya, Andriy Yagensky, Mykola Vatutin, Andriy Bagriy, Olga M Barna, Olexiy Ushakov, Georgiy Dzyak, Borys Goloborodko, Anatolii Rudenko, Volodymyr Zheleznyy, Jasper Trevelyan, Azfar Zaman, Kaeng Lee, Andrew Moriarty, Rajesh K Aggarwal, Piers Clifford, Yuk- Ki Wong, Syed MR Iqbal, Eduardas Subkovas, Denise Braganza, David Sarkar, Robert Storey, Huw Griffiths, Sam Mcclure, Rangasamy Muthusamy, Simon Smith, John Kurian, Terry Levy, Craig Barr, Honer Kadr, Robert Gerber, Audrius Simaitis, Handrean Soran, Adrian Brodison, Mohammad Ayaz, Muhammad Cheema, Richard Oliver, Simon Thackray, Telal Mudawi, Gohar Rahma, Ayyaz Sultan, Timothy Reynolds, David Sharman, david Spriging, Rob Butler, Peter Wilkinson, Gregory YH Lip, Nicholas Ossei-Gerning, Gil Vardi, Duccio Baldari, David Brabham, Charles Treasure II, Charles Dahl, Bruce Palmer, Alan Wiseman, Abul Khan, Sanjeev Puri, Ann Elizabeth Mohart, Carlos Ince, Enrique Flores, Scott Wright, Shi-Chi Cheng, Michael Rosenberg, William Rogers, Edward Kosinski, Les Forgosh, Jonathan Waltman, Mohammad Shoukfeh, Georges Dagher, Patrick Cambier, Ira Lieber, Priya Kumar, Cara East, Perry Krichmar, Mian Hasan, Lindsey White, Thomas Knickelbine, Thomas Haldis, Eve Gillespie, Thomas Amidon, David Suh, Imran Arif, mouhamad Abdallah, Faiq Akhter, Eric Carlson, Michael D’Urso, Fadi El- Ahdab, William Nelson, Katie Moriarty, Barry Harris, Steven Cohen, Luther Carter, Daniel Doty, Kenneth Sabatino, Tariq Haddad, Sunder Rao, Angel Mulkay, Ion Jovin, Kim Klancke, Vinay Malhotra, Sai K Devarapalli, Michael Koren, Harish Chandna, George Dodds III, Tauqir Goraya, James Bengston, Matthew Janik, Joseph Moran, Andrew Sumner, John Kobayashi, William Davis, Shahram Yazdani, John Pasquini, Maitreya Thakkar, Amarnath Vedere, Wayne Leimbach, James Rider, Sarah fenton, Narendra Singh, Anil V Shah, Denise Janosik, Carl Pepine, Brett Berman, Joseph Gelormini, Christopher Daniels, Kerensky Richard, Friederike Keating, Nicholas I Kondo, Sanjay Shetty, Howard Levite, Winfried Waider, Theodore Takata, Mazen Abu-Fadel, Vipul Shah, Rahul Aggarwal, Anil Kumar, Brack Hattler, Rose Do, Chad Link, Anna Bortnick, George Kinzfogl III, Arnold Ghitis, John Larry, Edward Teufel, Peter Kuhlman, Brent Mclaurin, Wenwu Zhang, Stephen Thew, Jalal Abbas, Matthew White, Othman Islam, Sumeet Subherwal, Nandkishore Ranadive, Babak Vakili, Christian Gring, David Henderson, Timothy Schuchard, Naim Farhat, Geoffrey Kline, Sharan Mahal, Jack Whitaker, Shawn Speirs, Rolf Andersen, Nizar Daboul, Phillip Horwitz, Firas Zahr, George Ponce, Zubair Jafar, Joseph Mcgarvey, Vipul Panchal, Stephen Voyce, Thomas Blok, William Sheldon, Masoud M Azizad, Carsten Schmalfuss, Mark Picone, Robert Pederson, William Herzog, Keith Friedman, Jason Lindsey, Eichenlaub Timothy, Parilak Leonard, Norman Lepor, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Howard Weintraub, Anand Irimpen, Alvaro Alonso, Wade May, Daniels Christopher, Thomas Galski, Alan Chu, Freny Mody, Ebrahimi Ramin, Zachary Hodes, Joseph Rossi, Gregory Rose, James Fairlamb, Charles Lambert, Ajit Raisinghani, Antonio Abbate, George Vetrovec, Marilyn King, Charles Carey, Jaime Gerber, Liwa Younis, Hyeun (Tom) Park, Mladen Vidovich, Thomas Knutson, Dennis Friedman, Fred Chaleff, Arthur Loussararian, Phillip Rozeman, Carey Kimmelstiel, Jeffrey Kuvin, Kevin Silver, Malcolm Foster, Glen Tonnessen, Andrey Espinoza, Mohamadali Amlani, Andreas Wali, Christopher Malozzi, Geert T Jong, Clara Massey, Keattiyoat Wattanakit, Philip J. O’Donnell, Dinesh Singal, Naseem Jaffrani, Sridhar Banuru, Daniel Fisher, Mark Xenakis, Neal Perlmutter, Ravi Bhagwat, James Strader, Ronald Blonder, Ayim Akyea-Djamson, Ajay Labroo, Kwan Lee, H. John Marais, Edmund Claxton, Robert Weiss, Rohr Kathryn, Martin Berk, Peter Rossi, Parag Joshi, Amit Khera, Ajit S Khaira, Greg Kumkumian, Steven Lupovitch, Joshua Purow, Stephen Welka, David Hoffman, Stuart Fischer, Eugene Soroka, Donald Eagerton, Samir Pancholy, Michael Ray, Norman Erenrich, Michael Farrar, Stewart Pollock, William J French, Steve Diamantis, Douglas Guy, Lawrence Gimple, Mark Neustel, Steven Schwartz, Edward Pereira, Seals Albert, Douglas Spriggs, Janet Strain, Suneet Mittal, Anthony Vo, Majed Chane, Jason Hall, Nampalli Vijay, Kapildeo Lotun, F. Martin Lester, Ahed Nahhas, Theodore Pope, Paul Nager, Rakesh Vohra, Mukesh Sharma, Riyaz Bashir, Hinan Ahmed, Michael Berlowitz, Robert Fishberg, Robert Barrucco, Eric Yang, Michael Radin, Daniel Sporn, Dwight Stapleton, Steven Eisenberg, Joel Landzberg, Martin Mcgough, Samir Turk, Michael Schwartz, P. Sandy Sundram, Diwakar Jain, Mark Zainea, Carlos Bayron, Ronald Karlsberg, Suhail Dohad, Henry Lui, William Keen, Donald Westerhausen, Sandeep Khurana, Himanshu Agarwal, Jessica Birchem, William Penny, Mark Chang, Sherrill Murphy, John Henry, Branislav Schifferdecker, John M Gilbert, Gopal Chalavarya, Charles Eaton, John F Schmedtje, Stuart Christenson, Imran Dotani, Douglas Denham, Alexander Macdonell, Paul Gibson, Aref Rahman, Tammam Al Joundi, Nizar Assi, Gary Conrad, Purushotham Kotha, Michael Love, Gregory Giesler, Howard Rubenstein, Dawood Gamil, Laura Akright, Justine Krawczyk, Joanne Cobler, Terry Wells, James Welker, Robert Foster, Richard Gilmore, Jay Anderson, Douglas Jacoby, Bill Harris, Geraldine Gardner, Ramprasad Dandillaya, Kishor Vora, John Kostis, John Hunter, David Laxson, Eric Ball, Flavia Egydio, Anelise Kawakami, Janaina Oliveira, Julianna Wozniak, Alexander Matthews, Caroline Ratky, Janine Valiris, Lisa Berdan, Anita Hepditch, Kirby Quintero, Tyrus Rorick, Melissa Westbrook, Madeleine Bezault, Elodie Drouet, Tabassome Simon, Caroline Alsweiler, Anne Luyten, Julie Butters, Liddy Griffith, Michelle Shaw, Lena Grunberg, Shahidul Islam, Marie-France Brégeault, Nathalie Bougon, Douglas Faustino, Sylvie Fontecave, Judith Murphy, Jean- Francois Tamby, Melanie Verrier, Veronique Agnetti, Dorthe Andersen, Emmy Badreddine, Mhamed Bekkouche, Cecile Bouancheau, Imane Brigui, Maddy Brocklehurst, Joseph Cianciarulo, Dawn Devaul, Szilvia Domokos, Cecile Gache, Caroline Gobillot, Severine Guillou, Jan Healy, Megan Heath, Gayatri Jaiwal, Carine Javierre, Julien Labeirie, Myriam Monier, Ulises Morales, Asmaa Mrabti, Bicky Mthombeni, Betim Okan, Lucile Smith, Jennifer Sheller, Sebastien Sopena, Valerie Pellan, Fadela Benbernou, Nafissa Bengrait, Maud Lamoureux, Katarina Kralova, Raphael Bejuit, Anthony Coulange, Christelle Berthou, Jérôme Repincay, Christelle Lorenzato, Alexis Etienne, Valerie Gouet, Virginie Loizeau, Mickael Normand, Anne Ourliac, Christelle Rondel, Antony Adamo, Pascale Beltran, Pauline Barraud, Helene Dubois-Gache, Benjamin Halle, Lamia Metwally, Maxime Mourgues, Marc Sotty, Marion Vincendet, Raluca Cotruta, Zhu Chengyue, Dominique Fournie-Lloret, Christine Morrello, Aurelie Perthuis, Patrick Picault, Isabelle Zobouyan, Helen M. Colhoun, Michael A. Dempsey, Mark A. McClanahan, Roe, Matthew T., Blicharski, Tomasz, Bystryk, Leszek, Szpajer, Michal, Korol, Marek, Czerski, Tomasz, Gniot, Jacek, Lubinski, Andrzej, Gorny, Jerzy, Franek, Edward, Raczak, Grzegorz, Vogel, Robert, Szwed, Hanna, Monteiro, Pedro, Mesquita Bastos, Jose, Pereira, Helder H., Morais, Joao, Seixo, Filipe, Mendonça, Carlos, Botelho, Ana, Caetano, Francisca, Minescu, Bogdan, Chaitman, Bernard, Istratoaie, Octavian, Tesloianu, Dan N., Dorobantu, Maria, Cristian, Gabriel, Dumitrescu, Silviu, Podoleanu, Cristian Gc, Constantinescu, Mircea Ca, Bengus, Cristina M., Militaru, Constantin, Rosu, Doina, Kelsey, Sheryl F., Parepa, Irinel R., Matei, Adrian V., Alexandru, Tom M., Malis, Mihaela, Coman, Ioan, Shvarts, Yury, Orlikova, Olga, Kobalava, Zhanna, Barbarash, Olga L., Markov, Valentin, Olsson, Anders G., Lyamina, Nadezhda, Gordienko, Alexander, Zrazhevsky, Konstantin, Vishnevsky, Alexander Y., Gurevich, Victor, Stryuk, Raisa, Lomakin, Nikita V., Bokarev, Igor, Khlevchuk, Tatiana, Shalaev, Sergey, Rouleau, Jean-Lucien, Khaisheva, Larisa, Chizhov, Petr, Viktorova, Inna, Osokina, Natalya, Shchekotov, Vladimir, Akatova, Evgenia, Chumakova, Galina, Libov, Igor, Voevoda, Mikhail I., Tretyakova, Tatyana V., Simoons, Maarten L., Baranov, Evgeny, Shustov, Sergey, Yakushin, Sergey, Gordeev, Ivan, Khasanov, Niiaz, Reshetko, Olga, Sotnikova, Tatiana, Molchanova, Olga, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Gapon, Liudmila, Alexander, Karen, Baranova, Elena, Kosmachova, Elena, Karpov, Yuriy, Karpov, Yuri, Povzun, Anton, Egorova, Liudmila, Tyrenko, Vadim V., Ivanov, Igor G., Ilya, Masterov, Kanorsky, Sergey, Meloni, Chiara, Simic, Dragan, Ivanovic, Nikola, Davidovic, Goran, Tasic, Nebojsa, Asanin, Milika R., Stojic, Stevo, Apostolovic, Svetlana R., Ilic, Stevan, Tosic, Biljana Putnikovic, Stankovic, Aleksandar, Rosenson, Robert, Arandjelovic, Aleksandra, Radovanovic, Slavica, Todic, Branislava, Ristic, Arsen D., Balinovac, Jovan, Dincic, Dragan V., Seferovic, Petar, Karadzic, Ana, Dodic, Slobodan, Dimkovic, Sinisa, Sijbrands, Eric J. G., Jakimov, Tamara, Poh, Kian-Keong, Yee Ong, Hean, Tang I-Shing, Justin, Micko, Karol, Nociar, Jan, Pella, Daniel, Fulop, Peter, Hranai, Marian, Palka, Juraj, Tricoci, Pierluigi, Mazur, Juraj, Majercák, Ivan, Dzupina, Andrej, Fazekas, František, Gonsorcik, Jozef, Bugan, Viliam, Murin, Jan, Selecky, Juraj, Kamensky, Gabriel, Strbova, Jaroslava, Alexander, John H., Smik, Rudolf, Dukat, Andrej, Olexa, Peter, Žuran, Ivan, Poklukar, Janez, Šuligoj, Nataša Černič, Cevc, Matija, Fras, Zlatko, Cyster, Henry P., Ranjith, Naresh, Armaganijan, Luciana, Corbett, Clive, Bayat, Junaid, Makoali Makotoko, Ellen, du Toit Theron, Hendrik, Kapp, Ilse E., de V Basson, Matthys M., Lottering, Hanlie, Van Aswegen, Dina, Van Zyl, Louis J., Sebastian, Peter J., Bagai, Akshay, Pillay, Thayabran, Saaiman, Jan A., Commerford, Patrick J., Cassimjee, Soraya, Riaz, Garda, Ebrahim, Iftikhar O., Sarvan, Mahomed, Mynhardt, Joseph H., Dalby, Anthony J., Reuter, Helmuth, Bahit, Maria Cecilia, Moodley, Rajendran, Vida, Manuel, Fillat, Angel R. Cequier, Peris, Vicente Bodí, Jimenez, Francisco Fuentes, Marín, Francisco, Cruz Fernández, Jose M., Hidalgo Urbano, Rafael Jesus, Gil-Extremera, Blas, Toledo, Pablo, Brennan, J. Matthew, Worner Diz, Fernando, Garcia-Dorado, David, Iñiguez, Andres, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Jose R., Portales, Javier Fernandez, Murillo, Fernando Civeira, Pericas, Laia Matas, Zamorano, Jose Luis, De Mora Martin, Manuel, Cortada, Jordi Bruguera, Clifton, Shaun, Alonso Martin, Joaquin J., Serrano Antolin, Jose Maria, De Berrazueta Fernández, José R., Vázquez de Prada, José Antonio, Díaz Fernández, Jose Francisco, García Lledó, José Alberto, Cosín Sales, Juan, Rodriguez, Javier Botas, Tragant, Gabriel Gusi, Benedicto, Amparo, DeVore, Adam D., Gonzalez-Juanatey, Carlos, Camprubí Potau, Mercedes, Perez, Ignacio Plaza, De La Tassa, César Morís, Rincon, Pablo Loma-Osorio, Recena, Javier Balaguer, Escudier, Juan M., Payeras, Antonio Coca, Orcajo, Norberto Alonso, Constantine, Godwin, Deloatch, Shalonda, Haniffa, Ruvaiz, Tissera, Nirmali, Amarasekera, Stanley, Ponnamperuma, Chandrike, Fernando, Nimali, Fernando, Kaputella, Jayawardena, Jayanthimala, Wijeyasingam, Santharaj, Ranasinghe, Gotabhaya, Ekanayaka, Ruvan, Dickey, Sheila, Mendis, Sepalika, Senaratne, Vajira, Mayurathan, Gnanamoorthy, Rajapaksha, Ajantha, Sirisena, Thilak, Herath, Jagath I., Amarasena, Naomali, Berglund, Stefan, Rasmanis, Gundars, Hagström, Emil, Dombrowski, Keith, Vedin, Ola, Witt, Nils, Mourtzinis, Georgios, Nicol, Peter, Hansen, Ole, Romeo, Stefano, Jensen, Steen Agergaard, Torstensson, Ingemar, Ahremark, Ulf, Sundelin, Torbjörn, Ducrocq, Grégory, Moccetti, Tiziano, Müller, Christian, Mach, Francois, Binde, Ronald, Landmesser, Ulf, Gämperli, Oliver, Chiang, Chern-En, Tsai, Wei-Chuan, Ueng, Kwo-Chang, Lai, Wen-Ter, Eapen, Zubin, Liu, Ming-En, Hwang, Juey-Jen, Yin, Wei-Hsian, Hsieh, I.-Chang, Hsieh, Ming-Jer, Hsiang Lin, Wei, Kuo, Jen-Yuan, Huang, Tsuei-Yuan, Fang, Chih-Yuan, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Endsley, Patricia, Soonfuang, Wasant, Jintapakorn, Woravut, Sukonthasarn, Apichard, Sritara, Piyamitr, Wongpraparut, Nattawut, Sastravaha, Krisada, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Kehasukcharoen, Wirash, Piyayotai, Dilok, Chotnoparatpat, Paiboon, Eppinger, Arleen, Camsari, Ahmet, Kultursay, Hakan, Guneri, Sema, Mutlu, Bulent, Ersanli, Murat, Demirtas, Mustafa, Kirma, Cevat, Ural, Ertan, Koldas, Lale, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Harrison, Robert W., Prokhorov, Alexander, Vakaluyk, Ihor, Myshanych, Halyna, Reshotko, Dmytro, Batushkin, Valeriy, Rudenko, Leonid, Kovalskyi, Ihor, Kushnir, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Hess, Connie Ng, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Kyiak, Yulian, Karpenko, Yuriy, Malynovsky, Yaroslav, Klantsa, Andriy, Kutniy, Oles, Amosova, Ekaterina, Tashchuk, Viktor, Leshchuk, Oleh, Parkhomenko, Alexander, Hlatky, Mark A., Rishko, Mykola, Kopytsya, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Vatutin, Mykola, Bagriy, Andriy, Barna, Olga M., Ushakov, Olexiy, Dzyak, Georgiy, Goloborodko, Borys, Rudenko, Anatolii, Jordan, Joseph Dedrick, Zheleznyy, Volodymyr, Trevelyan, Jasper, Zaman, Azfar, Lee, Kaeng, Moriarty, Andrew, Aggarwal, Rajesh K., Clifford, Piers, Wong, Yuk-ki, Iqbal, Syed Mr, Subkovas, Eduardas, Knowles, Joshua W., Braganza, Denise, Sarkar, David, Storey, Robert, Griffiths, Huw, Mcclure, Sam, Muthusamy, Rangasamy, Smith, Simon, Kurian, John, Levy, Terry, Barr, Craig, Kolls, Bradley J., Kadr, Honer, Gerber, Robert, Simaitis, Audrius, Soran, Handrean, Brodison, Adrian, Ayaz, Mohammad, Cheema, Muhammad, Oliver, Richard, Thackray, Simon, Mudawi, Telal, Kong, David F., Rahma, Gohar, Sultan, Ayyaz, Reynolds, Timothy, Sharman, David, Spriging, David, Butler, Rob, Wilkinson, Peter, Lip, Gregory Yh, Ossei-Gerning, Nicholas, Vardi, Gil, Leonardi, Sergio, Baldari, Duccio, Brabham, David, Treasure Ii, Charles, Dahl, Charles, Palmer, Bruce, Wiseman, Alan, Khan, Abul, Puri, Sanjeev, Mohart, Ann Elizabeth, Ince, Carlos, Lillis, Linda, Flores, Enrique, Wright, Scott, Cheng, Shi-Chi, Rosenberg, Michael, Rogers, William, Kosinski, Edward, Forgosh, Les, Waltman, Jonathan, Shoukfeh, Mohammad, Dagher, Georges, Lopes, Renato D., Cambier, Patrick, Lieber, Ira, Kumar, Priya, East, Cara, Krichmar, Perry, Hasan, Mian, White, Lindsey, Knickelbine, Thomas, Haldis, Thomas, Gillespie, Eve, Maron, David J., Amidon, Thomas, Suh, David, Arif, Imran, Abdallah, Mouhamad, Akhter, Faiq, Carlson, Eric, D'Urso, Michael, El-Ahdab, Fadi, Nelson, William, Moriarty, Katie, Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Harris, Barry, Cohen, Steven, Carter, Luther, Doty, Daniel, Sabatino, Kenneth, Haddad, Tariq, Rao, Sunder, Mulkay, Angel, Jovin, Ion, Klancke, Kim, Marcus, Jill, Malhotra, Vinay, Devarapalli, Sai K., Koren, Michael, Chandna, Harish, Dodds Iii, George, Goraya, Tauqir, Bengston, James, Janik, Matthew, Moran, Joseph, Sumner, Andrew, Mathews, Robin, Kobayashi, John, Davis, William, Yazdani, Shahram, Pasquini, John, Thakkar, Maitreya, Vedere, Amarnath, Leimbach, Wayne, Rider, James, Fenton, Sarah, Singh, Narendra, Mehta, Rajendra H., Shah, Anil V., Moriarty, Patrick M., Janosik, Denise, Pepine, Carl, Berman, Brett, Gelormini, Joseph, Daniels, Christopher, Richard, Kerensky, Keating, Friederike, Kondo, Nicholas I., Mentz, Robert J., Shetty, Sanjay, Levite, Howard, Waider, Winfried, Takata, Theodore, Abu-Fadel, Mazen, Shah, Vipul, Aggarwal, Rahul, Kumar, Anil, Hattler, Brack, Do, Rose, Moreira, Humberto Graner, Link, Chad, Bortnick, Anna, Kinzfogl Iii, George, Ghitis, Arnold, Larry, John, Teufel, Edward, Kuhlman, Peter, Mclaurin, Brent, Zhang, Wenwu, Thew, Stephen, Patel, Chetan B., Abbas, Jalal, White, Matthew, Islam, Othman, Subherwal, Sumeet, Ranadive, Nandkishore, Vakili, Babak, Gring, Christian, Henderson, David, Schuchard, Timothy, Farhat, Naim, Pereira, Sabrina Bernardez, Kline, Geoffrey, Mahal, Sharan, Whitaker, Jack, Speirs, Shawn, Andersen, Rolf, Daboul, Nizar, Horwitz, Phillip, Zahr, Firas, Ponce, George, Jafar, Zubair, Perkins, Lynn, Mcgarvey, Joseph, Panchal, Vipul, Voyce, Stephen, Blok, Thomas, Sheldon, William, Azizad, Masoud M., Schmalfuss, Carsten, Picone, Mark, Pederson, Robert, Herzog, William, Povsic, Thomas J., Friedman, Keith, Lindsey, Jason, Timothy, Eichenlaub, Leonard, Parilak, Lepor, Norman, El Shahawy, Mahfouz, Weintraub, Howard, Irimpen, Anand, Alonso, Alvaro, May, Wade, Puymirat, Etienne, Christopher, Daniels, Galski, Thomas, Chu, Alan, Mody, Freny, Ramin, Ebrahimi, Hodes, Zachary, Rossi, Joseph, Rose, Gregory, Fairlamb, James, Lambert, Charles, Raisinghani, Ajit, Abbate, Antonio, Vetrovec, George, King, Marilyn, Carey, Charles, Gerber, Jaime, Younis, Liwa, Park, Hyeun Tom, Vidovich, Mladen, Knutson, Thomas, Jones, William Schuyler, Friedman, Dennis, Chaleff, Fred, Loussararian, Arthur, Rozeman, Phillip, Kimmelstiel, Carey, Kuvin, Jeffrey, Silver, Kevin, Foster, Malcolm, Tonnessen, Glen, Espinoza, Andrey, Shah, Bimal R., Amlani, Mohamadali, Wali, Andreas, Malozzi, Christopher, Jong, Geert T., Massey, Clara, Wattanakit, Keattiyoat, O'Donnell, Philip J., Singal, Dinesh, Jaffrani, Naseem, Banuru, Sridhar, Sherwood, Matthew W., Fisher, Daniel, Xenakis, Mark, Perlmutter, Neal, Bhagwat, Ravi, Strader, James, Blonder, Ronald, Akyea-Djamson, Ayim, Labroo, Ajay, Lee, Kwan, Marais, H. John, Stringfellow, Kenya, Claxton, Edmund, Weiss, Robert, Kathryn, Rohr, Berk, Martin, Rossi, Peter, Joshi, Parag, Khera, Amit, Khaira, Ajit S., Kumkumian, Greg, Lupovitch, Steven, Sujjavanich, Darin, Purow, Joshua, Welka, Stephen, Hoffman, David, Fischer, Stuart, Soroka, Eugene, Eagerton, Donald, Pancholy, Samir, Ray, Michael, Erenrich, Norman, Farrar, Michael, Toma, Mustafa, Pollock, Stewart, French, William J., Diamantis, Steve, Guy, Douglas, Gimple, Lawrence, Neustel, Mark, Schwartz, Steven, Pereira, Edward, Albert, Seals, Spriggs, Douglas, Trotter, Charlene, Strain, Janet, Mittal, Suneet, Vo, Anthony, Chane, Majed, Hall, Jason, Vijay, Nampalli, Lotun, Kapildeo, Lester, F. Martin, Nahhas, Ahed, Pope, Theodore, van Diepen, Sean F. P., Nager, Paul, Vohra, Rakesh, Sharma, Mukesh, Bashir, Riyaz, Ahmed, Hinan, Berlowitz, Michael, Fishberg, Robert, Barrucco, Robert, Yang, Eric, Radin, Michael, Wilson, Matthew D., Sporn, Daniel, Stapleton, Dwight, Eisenberg, Steven, Landzberg, Joel, Mcgough, Martin, Turk, Samir, Schwartz, Michael, Sundram, P. Sandy, Jain, Diwakar, Zainea, Mark, Tze-Kay Yan, Andrew, Bayron, Carlos, Karlsberg, Ronald, Dohad, Suhail, Lui, Henry, Keen, William, Westerhausen, Donald, Khurana, Sandeep, Agarwal, Himanshu, Birchem, Jessica, Penny, William, Schiavi, Lilia B., Chang, Mark, Murphy, Sherrill, Henry, John, Schifferdecker, Branislav, Gilbert, John M., Chalavarya, Gopal, Eaton, Charles, Schmedtje, John F., Christenson, Stuart, Dotani, Imran, Garrido, Marcelo, Denham, Douglas, Macdonell, Alexander, Gibson, Paul, Rahman, Aref, Al Joundi, Tammam, Assi, Nizar, Conrad, Gary, Kotha, Purushotham, Love, Michael, Giesler, Gregory, Alvarisqueta, Andrés F., Rubenstein, Howard, Gamil, Dawood, Akright, Laura, Krawczyk, Justine, Cobler, Joanne, Wells, Terry, Welker, James, Foster, Robert, Gilmore, Richard, Anderson, Jay, Sassone, Sonia A., Jacoby, Douglas, Harris, Bill, Gardner, Geraldine, Dandillaya, Ramprasad, Vora, Kishor, Kostis, John, Hunter, John, Laxson, David, Ball, Eric, Bordonava, Anselmo P., Egydio, Flavia, Kawakami, Anelise, Oliveira, Janaina, Goodman, Shaun G., Wozniak, Julianna, Alves De Lima, Alberto E., Matthews, Alexander, Ratky, Caroline, Valiris, Janine, Berdan, Lisa, Hepditch, Anita, Quintero, Kirby, Rorick, Tyrus, Westbrook, Melissa, Danchin, Nicolas, Schmidberg, Jorge M., Bezault, Madeleine, Drouet, Elodie, Simon, Tabassome, White, Harvey D., Alsweiler, Caroline, Sinnaeve, Peter, Luyten, Anne, Aylward, Philip E., Butters, Julie, Griffith, Liddy, Duronto, Ernesto A., Shaw, Michelle, Grunberg, Lena, Szarek, Michael, Islam, Shahidul, Brégeault, Marie-France, Bougon, Nathalie, Faustino, Douglas, Fontecave, Sylvie, Murphy, Judith, Caruso, Orlando C., Tamby, Jean-Francois, Verrier, Melanie, Agnetti, Veronique, Andersen, Dorthe, Badreddine, Emmy, Bekkouche, Mhamed, Bouancheau, Cecile, Brigui, Imane, Brocklehurst, Maddy, Cianciarulo, Joseph, Novaretto, Leonardo P., Devaul, Dawn, Domokos, Szilvia, Gache, Cecile, Gobillot, Caroline, Guillou, Severine, Healy, Jan, Heath, Megan, Jaiwal, Gayatri, Javierre, Carine, Labeirie, Julien, Hominal, Miguel Angel, Monier, Myriam, Morales, Ulises, Mrabti, Asmaa, Mthombeni, Bicky, Okan, Betim, Smith, Lucile, Sheller, Jennifer, Sopena, Sebastien, Pellan, Valerie, Benbernou, Fadela, Montaña, Oscar R., Bengrait, Nafissa, Lamoureux, Maud, Kralova, Katarina, Scemama, Michel, Bejuit, Raphael, Coulange, Anthony, Berthou, Christelle, Repincay, Jérôme, Lorenzato, Christelle, Etienne, Alexis, Caccavo, Alberto, Gouet, Valerie, Lecorps, Guillaume, Loizeau, Virginie, Normand, Mickael, Ourliac, Anne, Rondel, Christelle, Adamo, Antony, Beltran, Pascale, Barraud, Pauline, Dubois-Gache, Helene, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar A., Halle, Benjamin, Metwally, Lamia, Mourgues, Maxime, Sotty, Marc, Vincendet, Marion, Cotruta, Raluca, Chengyue, Zhu, Fournie-Lloret, Dominique, Morrello, Christine, Perthuis, Aurelie, Lorenzatti, Alberto J., Picault, Patrick, Zobouyan, Isabelle, Colhoun, Helen M., Dempsey, Michael A., McClanahan, Mark A., Cartasegna, Luis R., Paterlini, Gustavo A., Mackinnon, Ignacio J., Caime, Guillermo D., Amuchastegui, Marcos, Salomone, Oscar, Codutti, Oscar R., Jure, Horacio O., Bono, Julio Oe, Hrabar, Adrian D., Vallejos, Julio A., Ahuad Guerrero, Rodolfo A., Novoa, Federico, Patocchi, Cristian A., Zaidman, Cesar J., Giuliano, Maria E., Schwartz, Gregory G., Dran, Ricardo D., Vico, Marisa L., Carnero, Gabriela S., Guzman, Pablo N., Medrano Allende, Juan C., Garcia Brasca, Daniela F., Bustamante Labarta, Miguel H., Nani, Sebastian, Blumberg, Eduardo Ds, Colombo, Hugo R., Bhatt, Deepak L., Liberman, Alberto, Fuentealba, Victorino, Luciardi, Hector L., Waisman, Gabriel D., Berli, Mario A., Garcia Duran, Ruben O., Cestari, Horacio G., Luquez, Hugo A., Giordano, Jorge A., Saavedra, Silvia S., Bittner, Vera A., Zapata, Gerardo, Costamagna, Osvaldo, Llois, Susana, Waites, Jonathon H., Collins, Nicholas, Soward, Allan, Hii, Chris Ls, Shaw, James, Diaz, Rafael, Arstall, Margaret A., Horowitz, John, Ninio, Daniel, Rogers, James F., Colquhoun, David, Oqueli Flores, Romulo E., Roberts-Thomson, Philip, Raffel, Owen, Lehman, Sam J., Aroney, Constantine, Coverdale, Steven Gm, Garrahy, Paul J., Starmer, Gregory, Sader, Mark, Carroll, Patrick A., Dick, Ronald, Zweiker, Robert, Hoppe, Uta, Drexel, Heinz, Huber, Kurt, Harrington, Robert A., Berger, Rudolf, Delle-Karth, Georg, Frey, Bernhard, Weidinger, Franz, Faes, Dirk, Hermans, Kurt, Pirenne, Bruno, Leone, Attilio, Hoffer, Etienne, Jukema, J. Wouter, Vrolix, Mathias Cm, De Wolf, Luc, Wollaert, Bart, Castadot, Marc, Dujardin, Karl, Beauloye, Christophe, Vervoort, Geert, Striekwold, Harry, Convens, Carl, Roosen, John, Barbato, Emanuele, Claeys, Marc, Cools, Frank, Terzic, Ibrahim, Barakovic, Fahir, Midzic, Zlatko, Pojskic, Belma, Fazlibegovic, Emir, Dilic, Mirza, Durak-Nalbantic, Azra, Kulić, Mehmed, Vulic, Dusko, Muslibegovic, Adis, Goronja, Boris, Reis, Gilmar, Sousa, Luciano, Nicolau, Jose C., Giorgeto, Flavio E., Silva, Ricardo P., Maia, Lilia Nigro, Zeiher, Andreas M., Rech, Rafael, Rossi, Paulo Rf, Cerqueira, Maria José Ag, Duda, Norberto, Kalil, Renato, Kormann, Adrian, Abrantes, José Antonio M., Filho, Pedro Pimentel, Soggia, Ana Priscila, de Santos, Mayler On, Neuenschwander, Fernando, Bodanese, Luiz C., Michalaros, Yorghos L., Eliaschewitz, Freddy G., Vidotti, Maria H., Leaes, Paulo E., Botelho, Roberto V., Kaiser, Sergio, Manenti, Euler Roberto F. Fernandes, Precoma, Dalton B., Moura Jorge, Jose C., Silva, Pedro, Silveira, Jose A., Saporito, Wladmir, Neto, Jose A. Marin, Feitosa, Gilson S., Ritt, Luiz Eduardo F., de Souza, Juliana A., Costa, Fernando, Souza, Weimar Ksb, Reis, Helder Jl, Machado, Leandro, Aidar Ayoub, José Carlos, Todorov, Georgi V., Nikolov, Fedya P., Velcheva, Elena S., Tzekova, Maria L., Benov, Haralambi O., Petranov, Stanislav L., Edelberg, Jay M., Tumbev, Haralin S., Shehova-Yankova, Nina S., Markov, Dimitar T., Raev, Dimitar H., Mollov, Mihail N., Kichukov, Kostadin N., Ilieva-Pandeva, Katya A., Gotcheva, Nina N., Ivanova, Raya, Gospodinov, Maryana, Hanotin, Corinne, Mincheva, Valentina M., Lazov, Petar V., Dimov, Bojidar I., Senaratne, Manohara, Stone, James, Kornder, Jan, Pearce, Stephen, Dion, Danielle, Savard, Daniel, Pesant, Yves, Pandey, Amritanshu, Robinson, Simon, Gosselin, Gilbert, Vizel, Saul, Hoag, Gordon, Bourgeois, Ronald, Morisset, Anne, Sabbah, Eric, Sussex, Bruce, Kouz, Simon, Moryusef, Angèle, MacDonald, Paul, Diaz, Ariel, Michaud, Nicolas, Fell, David, Leung, Raymond, Vuurmans, Tycho, Lai, Christopher, Nigro, Frank, Davies, Richard, Nogareda, Gustavo, Pordy, Robert, Vijayaraghavan, Ram, Ducas, John, Lepage, Serge, Mehta, Shamir, Cha, James, Dupuis, Robert, Fong, Peter, Lutchmedial, Sohrab, Rodes-Cabau, Josep, Fadlallah, Hussein, Sasiela, William J., Cleveland, David, Huynh, Thao, Bata, Iqbal, Hameed, Adnan, Pincetti, Cristian, Potthoff, Sergio, Prieto, Juan C., Acevedo, Monica, Aguirre, Arnoldo, Vejar, Margarita, Tamby, Jean-François, Yañez, Mario, Araneda, Guillermo, Fernandez, Mauricio, Perez, Luis, Varleta, Paola, Florenzano, Fernando, Huidobro, Laura, Raffo, Carlos A., Olivares, Claudia, Nahuelpan, Leonardo, Montecinos, Humberto, Chen, Jiyan, Dong, Yugang, Huang, Weijian, Wang, Jianzhong, Huang, Shi'An, Yao, Zhuhua, Li, Xiang, Cui, Lan, Lin, Wenhua, Sun, Yuemin, Wang, Jingfeng, Li, Jianping, Zhang, Xuelian, Zhu, Hong, Chen, Dandan, Huang, Lan, Dong, Shaohong, Su, Guohai, Xu, Biao, Su, Xi, Cheng, Xiaoshu, Lin, Jinxiu, Zong, Wenxia, Li, Huanming, Feng, Yi, Xu, Dingli, Yang, Xinchun, Ke, Yuannan, Lin, Xuefeng, Zhang, Zheng, Zheng, Zeqi, Luo, Zhurong, Chen, Yundai, Ding, Chunhua, Zhong, Yi, Zheng, Yang, Li, Xiaodong, Peng, Daoquan, Zhao, Shuiping, Li, Ying, Liu, Xuebo, Wei, Meng, Liu, Shaowen, Yu, Yihua, Qu, Baiming, Jiang, Weihong, Zhou, Yujie, Zhao, Xingsheng, Yuan, Zuyi, Guo, Ying, Xu, Xiping, Shi, Xubo, Ge, Junbo, Fu, Guosheng, Bai, Feng, Fang, Weiyi, Shou, Xiling, Yang, Xiangjun, Wang, Jian'An, Xiang, Meixiang, Sun, Yingxian, Lu, Qinghua, Zhang, Ruiyan, Zhu, Jianhua, Xu, Yizhou, Fan, Zhongcai, Li, Tianchang, Wu, Chun, Jaramillo, Nicolas, Vallejo, Gregorio Sanchez, Luna Botia, Diana C., Lopez, Rodrigo Botero, De Salazar, Dora I. Molina, Bonfanti, Alberto J. Cadena, Aroca, Carlos Cotes, Higuera, Juan Diego, Blanquicett, Marco, Barrera Silva, Sandra I., Garcia Lozada, Henry J., Prieto, Juan-Carlos, Coronel Arroyo, Julian A., Accini Mendoza, Jose L., Fernandez Ruiz, Ricardo L., Quintero Ossa, Alvaro M., Manzur Jatin, Fernando G., Sotomayor Herazo, Aristides, Parada, Jeffrey Castellanos, Arambula, Rafael Suarez, Urina Triana, Miguel A., Trujillo, Angela M. Fernandez, Yong, Huo, Strozzi, Maja, Car, Siniša, Miličić, Davor, Lovrić Benčić, Martina, Pintarić, Hrvoje, Prvulović, Đeiti, Šikić, Jozica, Peršić, Viktor, Mileta, Dean, Štambuk, Kresimir, López-Jaramillo, Patricio, Babić, Zdravko, Tomulic, Vjekoslav, Lukenda, Josip, Mejic-Krstulovic, Stanka, Starcevic, Boris, Spinar, Jindrich, Horak, David, Velicka, Zdenek, Alan, David, Machova, Vilma, Pećin, Ivan, Linhart, Ales, Novotny, Vojtech, Kaucak, Vladimir, Rokyta, Richard, Naplava, Robert, Coufal, Zdenek, Adamkova, Vera, Podpera, Ivo, Zizka, Jiri, Motovska, Zuzana, Reiner, Zeljko, Marusincova, Ivana, Ostadal, Petr, Heinc, Petr, Kuchar, Jiri, Povolny, Petr, Matuska, Jiri, Poulsen, Steen H., Raungaard, Bent, Clemmensen, Peter, Bang, Lia E., May, Ole, Bøttcher, Morten, Hove, Jens D., Frost, Lars, Gislason, Gunnar, Larsen, John, Johansen, Peter Betton, Hald, Flemming, Johansen, Peter, Jeppesen, Jørgen, Poulsen, Steen Hvitfeldt, Nielsen, Tonny, Kristensen, Kjeld S., Walichiewicz, Piotr Maria, Lomholdt, Jens D., Klausen, Ib C., Nielsen, Peter Kaiser, Davidsen, Flemming, Videbaek, Lars, Viigimaa, Margus, Soots, Mai, Vahula, Veiko, Hedman, Anu, Soopõld, Üllar, Märtsin, Kaja, Jurgenson, Tiina, Kristjan, Arved, Nieminen, Markku S., Vikman, Saila, Huikuri, Heikki, Airaksinen, Juhani, Coste, Pierre, Ferrari, Emile, Morel, Olivier, Montalescot, Gilles, Machecourt, Jacques, Barone-Rochette, Gilles, Mansourati, Jacques, Cottin, Yves, Steg, Ph Gabriel, Leclercq, Florence, Belhassane, Abdelkader, Delarche, Nicolas, Boccara, Franck, Paganelli, Franck, Clerc, Jérôme, Schiele, Francois, Aboyans, Victor, Probst, Vincent, Berland, Jacques, Chumburidze, Vakhtang, Lefèvre, Thierry, Khintibidze, Irakli, Shaburishvili, Tamaz, Pagava, Zurab, Ghlonti, Ramaz, Lominadze, Zaza, Khabeishvili, George, Hemetsberger, Rayyan, Edward, Kemala, Marx, Nikolaus, Rauch-Kröhnert, Ursula, Stratmann, Matthias, Appel, Karl-Friedrich, Schmidt, Ekkehard, Omran, Heyder, Stellbrink, Christoph, Dorsel, Thomas, Lianopoulos, Emmanouil, Vöhringer, Hans Friedrich, Marx, Roger, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Zirlik, Andreas, Schellenberg, Detlev, Heitzer, Thomas, Laufs, Ulrich, Werner, Christian, Gielen, Stephan, Nuding, Sebastian, Winkelmann, Bernhard, Behrens, Steffen, Carlos, Pablo, Sydow, Karsten, Karakas, Mahir, Simonis, Gregor, Muenzel, Thomas, Werner, Nikos, Leggewie, Stefan, Böcker, Dirk, Braun-Dullaeus, Rüdiger, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Jeserich, Michael, Valdovinos, Montenegro, Weißbrodt, Matthias, Schaeufele, Tim, Weil, Joachim, Völler, Heinz, Waltenberger, Johannes, Natour, Mohammed, Schmitt, Susanne, Müller-Wieland, Dirk, Steiner, Stephan, Heidenreich, Lothar, Tse, Hung-Fat, Offers, Elmar, Gremmler, Uwe, Killat, Holger, Rieker, Werner, Patsilinakos, Sotiris, Kartalis, Athanasios, Manolis, Athanassios, Sionis, Dimitrios, Chachalis, Geargios, Kiss, Robert Gabor, Skoumas, Ioannis, Athyros, Vasilios, Vardas, Panagiotis, Parthenakis, Frangkiskos, Hahalis, Georgios, Lekakis, John, Hatzitolios, Apostolos, Fausto Ovando, Sergio R., Montenegro Valdovinos, Pablo Carlos, Arango Benecke, Juan L., Xavier, Denis, Rodriguez De Leon, Edgar R., Yan, Bryan Py, Siu, David Cw, Turi, Tibor, Merkely, Bela, Gabor Kiss, Robert, Ungi, Imre, Lupkovics, Geza, Nagy, Lajos, Katona, András, Zahger, Doron, Édes, István, Müller, Gábor, Horvath, Iván, Kapin, Tibor, Szigeti, Zsolt, Faluközy, József, Kumbla, Mukund, Sandhu, Manjinder, Annam, Sharath, Reddy Proddutur, Naveen, Valgimigli, Marco, Regella, Reddy, Premchand, Rajendra K., Mahajan, Ajaykumar, Pawar, Sudhir, Abhyanakar, Atul D., Kerkar, Prafulla, Govinda, Ravishankar A., Oomman, Abraham, Sinha, Dhurjati, Patil, Sachin N., Kimura, Takeshi, Kahali, Dhiman, Sawhney, Jitendra, Joshi, Abhijeet B., Chaudhary, Sanjeev, Harkut, Pankaj, Guha, Santanu, Porwal, Sanjay, Jujjuru, Srimannarayana, Pothineni, Ramesh B., Monteiro, Minguel R., Kim, Hyo Soo, Khan, Aziz, Iyengar, Shamanna S., Grewal, Jasprakash Singh, Chopda, Manoj, Fulwani, Mahesh C., Patange, Dr Aparna, Sachin, Patil, Chopra, Vijay K., Goyal, Naresh K., Shinde, Rituparna, Kim, Sang-Hyun, Manakshe, Gajendra V., Patki, Nitin, Sethi, Sumeet, Munusamy, Vengatesh, Sunil Thanvi, Sunil Karnaand, Adhyapak, Srilakshmi, Patil, Chandrakant, Pandurangi, Ulhas, Mathur, Rishabh, Gupta, Jugal, Erglis, Andrejs, Kalashetti, Suhas, Bhagwat, Ajit, Raghuraman, Bagirath, Kumar Yerra, Shiv, Bhansali, Prasant, Borse, Rohidas, Rahul, Patil, Das, Srihari, Kumar, Vinay, Abdullakutty, Jabir, Laucevicius, Aleksandras, Saathe, Shireesh, Palimkar, Priya, Abdullkutty, Jabir, Sathe, Shireesh, Atar, Shaul, Shechter, Michael, Mosseri, Morris, Arbel, Yaron, Ehud, Chorin, Ofer, Havakuk, Kedev, Sasko, Lotan, Chaim, Rosenschein, Uri, Katz, Amos, Henkin, Yaakov, Francis, Adi, Klutstein, Marc, Nikolsky, Eugenia, Zukermann, Robert, Turgeman, Yoav, Halabi, Majdi, Yusoff, Khalid, Marmor, Alon, Kornowski, Ran, Jonas, Michael, Amir, Offer, Hasin, Yonathan, Rozenman, Yoseph, Fuchs, Shmuel, Zvi, Vered, Hussein, Osamah, Gavish, Dov, Ramos López, Gabriel Arturo, Vered, Zvi, Caraco, Yoseph, Elias, Mazen, Tov, Naveh, Wolfovitz, Efrat, Lishner, Michael, Elias, Nizar, Piovaccari, Giancarlo, De Pellegrin, Annamaria, Garbelotto, Raffaella, Alings, Marco, Guardigli, Gabriele, Marco, Valgimigli, Licciardello, Giovanni, Auguadro, Carla, Scalise, Filippo, Cuccia, Claudio, Salvioni, Alessandro, Musumeci, Giuseppe, Senni, Michelle, Calabrò, Paolo, Novo, Salvatore, Faggiano, Pompilio, Metra, Marco, De Cesare, Nicoletta B., Berti, Sergio, Puccioni, Enrico, Galvani, Marcello, Tespili, Maurizio, Piatti, PierMarco, Palvarini, Michela, Halvorsen, Sigrun, De Luca, Giuseppe, Violini, Roberto, De Leo, Alessandro, Olivari, Zoran, Filardi, Pasquale Perrone, Ferratini, Maurizio, Racca, Vittorio, Dai, Kazuoki, Shimatani, Yuji, Kamiya, Haruo, Correa Flores, Roger M., Ando, Kenji, Takeda, Yoshihiro, Morino, Yoshihiro, Hata, Yoshiki, Kimura, Kazuo, Kishi, Koichi, Michishita, Ichiro, Uehara, Hiroki, Higashikata, Toshinori, Hirayama, Atsushi, Sy, Rody G., Hirooka, Keiji, Doi, Yasuji, Sakagami, Satoru, Taguchi, Shuichi, Koike, Akihiro, Fujinaga, Hiroyuki, Koba, Shinji, Kozuma, Ken, Kawasaki, Tomohiro, Ono, Yujiro, Budaj, Andrzej, Shimizu, Masatoshi, Katsuda, Yousuke, Wada, Atsuyuki, Shinke, Toshiro, Ako, Junya, Fujii, Kenshi, Takahashi, Toshiyuki, Nakao, Koichi, Furukawa, Yutaka, Sugino, Hiroshi, Tamura, Ritsu, Mano, Toshiaki, Uematsu, Masaaki, Utsu, Noriaki, Ito, Kashima, Haraguchi, Takuya, Sato, Katsuhiko, Ueda, Yasunori, Nishibe, Akira, Fujimoto, Kazuteru, Masutani, Motomaru, Yoon, Jung Han, Kim, Hack-Lyoung, Sik Park, Hun, Chae, In-Ho, Kim, Moo Hyun, Jeong, Myung Ho, Rha, Seungwoon, Kim, Chongjin, Kim, Hyo-Soo, Kim, Hae Young, Hong, Taekjong, Tahk, Seung-Jea, Kim, Youngkwon, Busmane, Arija, Pontaga, Natalija, Strelnieks, Aldis, Mintale, Iveta, Sime, Iveta, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Jurgaitiene, Ruta, Sakalyte, Gintare, Slapikas, Rimvydas, Norkiene, Sigute, Misonis, Nerijus, Chua, Terrance, Kibarskis, Aleksandras, Kubilius, Raimondas, Bojovski, Stojko, Lozance, Nensi, Kjovkaroski, Aleksandar, Doncovska, Snezana, Ong, Tiong Kiam, Kasim, Sazzli, Maskon, Oteh, Kandasamy, Balachandran, Liew, Houng B., Wan Mohamed, Wan Mohd Izani, Castillo, Armando García, Calvillo, Jorge Carrillo, Campos, Pedro Fajardo, Núñez Fragoso, Juan Carlos, Bayram Llamas, Edmundo Alfredo, Alcocer Gamba, Marco Antonio, Madrigal, Jaime Carranza, González Salas, Luis Gerardo, Rosas, Enrique López, González Díaz, Belinda, Vázquez, Eduardo Salcido, Nacoud Ackar, Alfredo, Llamas Esperón, Guillermo Antonio, Martínez Sánchez, Carlos Rodolfo, De Leon, María Guerrero, Suarez Otero, Rodrigo, Salmón, Guillermo Fanghänel, Pérez Ríos, Jesús Antonio, Garza Ruíz, José Angel, Breedveld, Robert W., Feenema-Aardema, Margriet, Borger-Van Der Burg, Alida, Hoogslag, Pieter Am, Suryapranata, Harry, Tuñón, José, Oomen, Antonius, Van Haelst, Paulus, Feenema-Aradema, Margriet, Wiersma, Jacobijne J., Basart, Dirk, Van Der Wal, Ruud Ma, Zwart, Peter, Monraats, Pascalle, Van Kesteren, Henricus, Karalis, Ioannis, de Silva, H. Asita, Jukema, Johan, Verdel, Gerardus Je, Brueren, Bart Rg, Troquay, Roland P. Th, Viergever, Eric P., Al-Windy, Nadea Yy, Bartels, Gerard L., Cornel, Jan H., Hermans, Walter Rm, Herrman, Johannes Pr, Bos, Robert J., Groutars, Reginald Gej, Van Der Zwaan, Coenraad C., Kaplan, Refik, Ronner, Eelko, Groenemeijer, Bjorn E., Bronzwaer, Patrick Na, Liem, Anho Ah, Rensing, Bernard Jwm, Bokern, Marcel Jja, Nijmeijer, Remco, Hersbach, Ferry Mrj, Willems, Frank F., Gosselink, Antonius Tm, Rasoul, Saman, Elliott, John, Wilkins, Gerard, Fisher, Raewyn, Scott, Douglas, Hart, Hamish, Stewart, Ralph, Harding, Scott, Ternouth, Ian, Fisher, Nicholas, Wilson, Samuel, Aitken, Denise, Anscombe, Russell, Davidson, Laura, Tomala, Tadeusz, Nygård, Ottar, Sparby, Jon Arne, Andersen, Kjell, Gullestad, Lars, Jortveit, Jarle, Munk, Peter S., Singsaas, Erlend Gyllensten, Hurtig, Ulf, Calderon Ticona, Jorge R., Durand Velasquez, Julio R., Negron Miguel, Sandra A., Sanabria Perez, Enrique S., Carrion Chambilla, Jesus M., Chavez Ayala, Carlos A., Castillo Leon, Reynaldo P., Vargas GonzalesC, Rolando J., Hernandez Zuniga, Jose D., Camacho Cosavalente, Luis A., Bravo Mannucci, Jorge E., Landeo, Javier Heredia, Llerena Navarro, Nassip C., Roldan Concha, Yudy M., Rodriguez Chavez, Víctor E., Anchante Hernandez, Henry A., Zea Nunez, Carlos A., Ramos, Walter Mogrovejo, Ferrolino, Arthur, Sy, Rosa Allyn G., Tirador, Louie, Matiga, Generoso, Coching, Raul Martin, Bernan, Alisa, Rogelio, Gregorio, Morales, Dante D., Tan, Edgar, Sulit, Dennis Jose, Wlodarczak, Adrian, Skonieczny, Grzegorz, Ray, Kausik K., Pawlowicz, Lidia, Wojewoda, Pawel, Busz-Papiez, Benita, Bednarski, Janusz, Goch, Aleksander, Staneta, Pawel, Dulak, Elzbieta, Saminski, Krzysztof, Krasowski, Wlodzimierz, Sudnik, Wanda, Zurakowski, Aleksander, Skorski, Marcin, Lysek, Roman, Miklaszewicz, Beata, Lipko, Jan Andrzej, Kostarska-Srokosz, Edyta, Piepiorka, Marek, Drzewiecka, Anna, Stasiewski, Arkadiusz, Bhatt, Deepak L, Bittner, Vera A, Goodman, Shaun G, Harrington, Robert A, Jukema, J Wouter, White, Harvey D, Zeiher, Andreas M, Roe, Matthew T, Mahaffey, Kenneth W, Edelberg, Jay M, Sasiela, William J, Aylward, Philip E, Lopes, Renato D, Gotcheva, Nina N, Nieminen, Markku S, Laucevičius, Aleksandras, Correa Flores, Roger M, Sy, Rody G, Ristic, Arsen D, Dalby, Anthony J, de Silva, H Asita, Ray, Kausik K, Moriarty, Patrick M, Kelsey, Sheryl F, Olsson, Anders G, Simoons, Maarten L, Sijbrands, Eric J G, Alexander, John H, Brennan, J Matthew, DeVore, Adam D, Harrison, Robert W, Hlatky, Mark A, Knowles, Joshua W, Kolls, Bradley J, Kong, David F, Maron, David J, Mehta, Rajendra H, Mentz, Robert J, Patel, Chetan B, Povsic, Thomas J, Shah, Bimal R, Sherwood, Matthew W, van Diepen, Sean F P, Wilson, Matthew D, Schiavi, Lilia B, Alvarisqueta, Andrés F, Sassone, Sonia A, Bordonava, Anselmo P, Alves De Lima, Alberto E, Schmidberg, Jorge M, Duronto, Ernesto A, Caruso, Orlando C, Novaretto, Leonardo P, Montaña, Oscar R, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar A, Lorenzatti, Alberto J, Cartasegna, Luis R, Paterlini, Gustavo A, Mackinnon, Ignacio J, Caime, Guillermo D, Codutti, Oscar R, Jure, Horacio O, Hrabar, Adrian D, Vallejos, Julio A, Ahuad Guerrero, Rodolfo A, Patocchi, Cristian A, Zaidman, Cesar J, Giuliano, Maria E, Dran, Ricardo D, Vico, Marisa L, Carnero, Gabriela S, Guzman, Pablo N, Medrano Allende, Juan C, Garcia Brasca, Daniela F, Bustamante Labarta, Miguel H, Colombo, Hugo R, Luciardi, Hector L, Waisman, Gabriel D, Berli, Mario A, Garcia Duran, Ruben O, Cestari, Horacio G, Luquez, Hugo A, Giordano, Jorge A, Saavedra, Silvia S, Waites, Jonathon H, Arstall, Margaret A, Rogers, James F, Oqueli Flores, Romulo E, Lehman, Sam J, Garrahy, Paul J, Carroll, Patrick A, Wolf, Luc De, Nicolau, Jose C, Giorgeto, Flavio E, Silva, Ricardo P, Abrantes, José Antonio M, Bodanese, Luiz C, Michalaros, Yorghos L, Eliaschewitz, Freddy G, Vidotti, Maria H, Leaes, Paulo E, Botelho, Roberto V, Manenti, Euler Roberto F Fernandes, Precoma, Dalton B, Moura Jorge, Jose C, Silveira, Jose A, Neto, Jose A Marin, Feitosa, Gilson S, Ritt, Luiz Eduardo F, de Souza, Juliana A, Todorov, Georgi V, Nikolov, Fedya P, Velcheva, Elena S, Tzekova, Maria L, Benov, Haralambi O, Petranov, Stanislav L, Tumbev, Haralin S, Shehova-Yankova, Nina S, Markov, Dimitar T, Raev, Dimitar H, Mollov, Mihail N, Kichukov, Kostadin N, Ilieva-Pandeva, Katya A, Mincheva, Valentina M, Lazov, Petar V, Dimov, Bojidar I, Prieto, Juan C, Raffo, Carlos A, Luna Botia, Diana C, De Salazar, Dora I Molina, Bonfanti, Alberto J Cadena, Barrera Silva, Sandra I, Garcia Lozada, Henry J, Coronel Arroyo, Julian A, Accini Mendoza, Jose L, Fernandez Ruiz, Ricardo L, Quintero Ossa, Alvaro M, Manzur Jatin, Fernando G, Urina Triana, Miguel A, Trujillo, Angela M Fernandez, Poulsen, Steen H, Bang, Lia E, Hove, Jens D, Kristensen, Kjeld S, Lomholdt, Jens D, Klausen, Ib C, Fausto Ovando, Sergio R, Arango Benecke, Juan L, Rodriguez De Leon, Edgar R, Premchand, Rajendra K, Abhyanakar, Atul D, Govinda, Ravishankar A, Patil, Sachin N, Joshi, Abhijeet B, Pothineni, Ramesh B, Monteiro, Minguel R, Iyengar, Shamanna S, Fulwani, Mahesh C, Chopra, Vijay K, Goyal, Naresh K, Manakshe, Gajendra V, Pellegrin, Annamaria De, De Cesare, Nicoletta B, Piatti, Piermarco, Luca, Giuseppe De, Leo, Alessandro De, Petrulionienė, Žaneta, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Šlapikas, Rimvydas, Liew, Houng B, Breedveld, Robert W, Wiersma, Jacobijne J, Troquay, Roland PTh, Viergever, Eric P, Bartels, Gerard L, Cornel, Jan H, Bos, Robert J, Van Der Zwaan, Coenraad C, Groenemeijer, Bjorn E, Willems, Frank F, Munk, Peter S, Calderon Ticona, Jorge R, Durand Velasquez, Julio R, Negron Miguel, Sandra A, Sanabria Perez, Enrique S, Carrion Chambilla, Jesus M, Chavez Ayala, Carlos A, Castillo Leon, Reynaldo P, Vargas GonzalesC, Rolando J, Hernandez Zuniga, Jose D, Camacho Cosavalente, Luis A, Bravo Mannucci, Jorge E, Llerena Navarro, Nassip C, Roldan Concha, Yudy M, Rodriguez Chavez, Víctor E, Anchante Hernandez, Henry A, Zea Nunez, Carlos A, Sy, Rosa Allyn G, Morales, Dante D, Pereira, Helder H, Tesloianu, Dan N, Bengus, Cristina M, Parepa, Irinel R, Matei, Adrian V, Alexandru, Tom M, Barbarash, Olga L, Vishnevsky, Alexander Y, Lomakin, Nikita V, Voevoda, Mikhail I, Tretyakova, Tatyana V, Tyrenko, Vadim V, Ivanov, Igor G, Asanin, Milika R, Apostolovic, Svetlana R, Dincic, Dragan V, Cyster, Henry P, Kapp, Ilse E, de V Basson, Matthys M, Aswegen, Dina Van, Van Zyl, Louis J, Sebastian, Peter J, Saaiman, Jan A, Commerford, Patrick J, Ebrahim, Iftikhar O, Mynhardt, Joseph H, Fillat, Angel R Cequier, Cruz Fernández, Jose M, Gonzalez-Juanatey, Jose R, Alonso Martin, Joaquin J, De Berrazueta Fernández, José R, Escudier, Juan M, Herath, Jagath I, Hsieh, I-Chang, Barna, Olga M, Aggarwal, Rajesh K, Wong, Yuk-Ki, Devarapalli, Sai K, Shah, Anil V, Kondo, Nicholas I, Azizad, Masoud M, Jong, Geert T, O'Donnell, Philip J, Marais, H John, Khaira, Ajit S, French, William J, Lester, F Martin, Sundram, P Sandy, Gilbert, John M, Schmedtje, John F, Colhoun, Helen M, Dempsey, Michael A, and McClanahan, Mark A
Subjects: Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Anticholesteremic Agents/adverse effects, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], prevention & control, heart disease risk factors, diagnosis [Cardiovascular Diseases], Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, PCSK9 inhibitors, acute coronary syndrome, apolipoproteins B, LDL cholesterol, Antibodies, acute coronary syndrome, LDL, drug therapy [Atherosclerosis], Risk Factors, Physiology (medical), therapeutic use [Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors], Monoclonal, Humans, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, Humanized, Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis, Apolipoproteins B, Kardiologi, diagnosis [Acute Coronary Syndrome], Anticholesteremic Agents, PCSK9 inhibitors, apolipoproteins B, cholesterol, LDL, cholesterol, Atherosclerosis/drug therapy, Cholesterol, LDL, Atherosclerosis, Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis, drug therapy, Cholesterol, Treatment Outcome, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Disease Risk Factors, epidemiology, adverse effects [Anticholesteremic Agents], Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Circulation : an official journal of the American Heart Association / ed.-in-chief Ephraim Donosco 146(9), 657-672 (2022). doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057807, Published by Ovid, [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. [What the (general and abdominal) surgeon should know about thrombosis prophylaxis]

Author: Saskia, Meißler, Rüdiger, Braun-Dullaeus, Michael, Hansen, and Frank, Meyer
Subjects: Surgeons, Venous Thrombosis, Thromboembolism, Anticoagulants, Humans, Thrombosis
Abstract: A persisting problem in the clinical operative routine is surgery-associated venous thromboembolisms with the possible complications. The competent and reliably realized prophylaxis of thromboembolism is part of the original and elementary tasks of the surgeon, both the operator as well as the clinically active physician. Many preventive approaches were developed and established in the daily management but a residual risk for development of thrombosis still remains. Under this aspect a search was carried out particularly with respect to scientific literature with review and guideline character on the topic of risk stratification, prophylactic procedures in general and for specific indications.Ein persistierendes Problem im klinisch-operativen Alltag ist die operationsassoziierte venöse Thrombembolie mit ihren möglichen Komplikationen. Zu den ureigenen und elementaren Aufgaben des Chirurgen, sowohl des Operateurs als auch des klinisch tätigen Mediziners, gehören daher die kompetente und verlässlich realisierte Thrombembolieprophylaxe. Zahlreiche präventive Ansätze wurden entwickelt und im täglichen Management etabliert, ein Restrisiko für eine Thromboseentwicklung bleibt bestehen. Unter diesem Aspekt wurde eine Recherche insbesondere zur wissenschaftlichen Literatur mit Übersichts- und Leitliniencharakter zum Thema Risikostratifizierung, Prophylaxeverfahren allgemein und bei spezifischen Indikationen durchgeführt.
Published: 2021

34. Elucidation of the Role of SMAD4 in Epithelial–Mesenchymal Plasticity: Does It Help to Better Understand the Consequences of DPC4 Inactivation in the Malignant Progression of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma?

Author: Hendrik Ungefroren, Björn Konukiewitz, Rüdiger Braun, Ulrich Friedrich Wellner, Tobias Keck, and Jens-Uwe Marquardt
Subjects: Cancer Research, Oncology
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 4th leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with a 5-year-survival rate below 10% that is the lowest of all cancer types [...]
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Rezension von: Braun, Rüdiger, Die älteste Rechnung des Bürgerspitals von 1495

Author: Eberhard Göpfert and Rüdiger Braun
Abstract: Rüdiger Braun: Die älteste Rechnung des Bürgerspitals von 1495 (Schriften des Stadtarchivs 15, hg. von Ulrich Wagner, Würzburg (Schöningh) 2005, 166 S., Abb.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Organotypic slice cultures of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma as preclinical model for development of personalized treatment strategies

Author: M Brandenburger, S Eckelmann, Peter Bronsert, Kim C. Honselmann, L Bolm, Tobias Keck, O Lapshyna, Oliver Schilling, Ulrich F. Wellner, Rüdiger Braun, and B Heckelmann
Subjects: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, business.industry, Personalized treatment, Cancer research, Medicine, business, Organotypic slice
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. A Comparative Endocrine Trans-Differentiation Approach to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells with Different EMT Phenotypes Identifies Quasi-Mesenchymal Tumor Cells as Those with Highest Plasticity

Author: Clara Volz, Isabel Thürling, Hendrik Ungefroren, Paula Marie Schmidtlein, Björn Konukiewitz, Rüdiger Braun, Jens-Uwe Marquardt, Olha Lapshyna, Hendrik Lehnert, and Ulrich F. Wellner
Subjects: Cancer Research, insulin, endocrine, Transdifferentiation, Mesenchymal stem cell, Cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Enteroendocrine cell, epithelial, trans-differentiation, quasi-mesenchymal, Biology, medicine.disease, Article, Metastasis, Oncology, Pancreatic cancer, plasticity, Cancer cell, pancreatic β cell, medicine, Cancer research, Stem cell, RC254-282
Abstract: Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancer types with the quasi-mesenchymal (QM) subtype of PDAC having the worst prognosis. De-differentiation of the ductal tumor cells to a mesenchymal phenotype occurs as a result of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process associated with the acquisition of stem cell traits. While QM tumor cells are highly metastatic and drug-resistant, their increased plasticity opens a window of opportunity for trans-differentiation into non-malignant pancreatic cells. In this study we compared established PDAC-derived cell lines of either epithelial (E) or QM phenotype for their potential to be differentiated to pancreatic endocrine cells. We found that QM cells responded more strongly than E cells with transcriptional activation of a pancreatic progenitor or pancreatic β cell-specific program. Our results bear strong implications for a novel type of targeted therapy, namely EMT-based trans-differentiation of highly metastatic PDAC cells in vivo to non-malignant endocrine cells. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and therapy-resistant cancer types which is largely due to tumor heterogeneity, cancer cell de-differentiation, and early metastatic spread. The major molecular subtypes of PDAC are designated classical/epithelial (E) and quasi-mesenchymal (QM) subtypes, with the latter having the worst prognosis. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the reverse process, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), are involved in regulating invasion/metastasis and stem cell generation in cancer cells but also early pancreatic endocrine differentiation or de-differentiation of adult pancreatic islet cells in vitro, suggesting that pancreatic ductal exocrine and endocrine cells share common EMT programs. Using a panel of PDAC-derived cell lines classified by epithelial/mesenchymal expression as either E or QM, we compared their trans-differentiation (TD) potential to endocrine progenitor or β cell-like cells since studies with human pancreatic cancer cells for possible future TD therapy in PDAC patients are not available so far. We observed that QM cell lines responded strongly to TD culture using as inducers 5′-aza-2′-deoxycytidine or growth factors/cytokines, while their E counterparts were refractory or showed only a weak response. Moreover, the gain of plasticity was associated with a decrease in proliferative and migratory activities and was directly related to epigenetic changes acquired during selection of a metastatic phenotype as revealed by TD experiments using the paired isogenic COLO 357-L3.6pl model. Our data indicate that a QM phenotype in PDAC coincides with increased plasticity and heightened trans-differentiation potential to activate a pancreatic β cell-specific transcriptional program. We strongly assume that this specific biological feature has potential to be exploited clinically in TD-based therapy to convert metastatic PDAC cells into less malignant or even benign cells.
Published: 2021

38. Induced Chromosomal Aneuploidy Results in Global and Consistent Deregulation of the Transcriptome of Cancer Cells

Author: Georg Emons, Thomas Ried, Lidia Warner, Jordi Camps, Leigh A. Weston, Kerry M. Bauer, Markus Brown, Darawalee Wangsa, Christina H. Stuelten, Yue Hu, Amanda B. Hummon, Philip R. Brauer, Maria Vila-Casadesús, Rüdiger Braun, Madhvi B. Upender, Howard H. Yang, and Maxwell P. Lee
Subjects: Transcriptional Activation, 0301 basic medicine, Original article, Cancer Research, DNA Copy Number Variations, Chromosome Transfer, Aneuploidy, Biology, lcsh:RC254-282, Chromosomes, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Gene, Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins, Chromosome 13, Regulation of gene expression, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Molecular biology, Neoplasm Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Ploidy, Colorectal Neoplasms, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Chromosomal aneuploidy is a defining feature of epithelial cancers. The pattern of aneuploidies is cancer-type specific. For instance, the gain of chromosome 13 occurs almost exclusively in colorectal cancer. We used microcell-mediated chromosome transfer to generate gains of chromosome 13 in the diploid human colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1. Extra copies of chromosome 13 resulted in a significant and reproducible up-regulation of transcript levels of genes on chromosome 13 (P = .0004, FDR = 0.01) and a genome-wide transcriptional deregulation in all 8 independent clones generated. Genes contained in two clusters were particularly affected: the first cluster on cytoband 13q13 contained 7 highly up-regulated genes (NBEA, MAB21L1, DCLK1, SOHLH2, CCDC169, SPG20 and CCNA1, P = .0003) in all clones. A second cluster was located on 13q32.1 and contained five upregulated genes (ABCC4, CLDN10, DZIP1, DNAJC3 and UGGT2, P = .003). One gene, RASL11A, localized on chromosome band 13q12.2, escaped the copy number-induced overexpression and was reproducibly and significantly down-regulated on the mRNA and protein level (P = .0001, FDR = 0.002). RASL11A expression levels were also lower in primary colorectal tumors as compared to matched normal mucosa (P = .0001, FDR = 0.0001. Overexpression of RASL11A increases cell proliferation and anchorage independent growth while decreasing cell migration in +13 clones. In summary, we observed a strict correlation of genomic copy number and resident gene expression levels, and aneuploidy dependent consistent genome-wide transcriptional deregulation.
Published: 2019

39. Postoperative Outcomes of Tangential

Author: Hryhoriy, Lapshyn, Theresa, Schulte, Natalie, Petruch, Ekaterina, Petrova, Kim, Honselmann, Steffen, Deichmann, Rüdiger, Braun, Birte, Kulemann, Jens, Hoeppner, Dirk, Rades, Tobias, Keck, Ulrich F, Wellner, Dirk, Bausch, and Louisa, Bolm
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Portal Vein, Margins of Excision, Adenocarcinoma, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Prognosis, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Survival Rate, Mesenteric Veins, Postoperative Complications, Humans, Female, Vascular Surgical Procedures, Aged, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal, Follow-Up Studies, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: The impact of venous resections and reconstruction techniques on morbidity after surgery for pancreatic cancer (PDAC) remains controversial.A total of 143 patients receiving pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for PDAC between 2013 and 2018 were identified from a prospective database. Morbidity and mortality after PD with tangential resection versus end-to-end reconstruction were assessed.Fifty-two of 143 (36.4%) patients underwent PD with portal venous resection (PVR), which was associated with longer operation times [398 (standard error (SE) 12.01) vs. 306 (SE 13.09) min, p0.001]. PVR was associated with longer intensive-care-unit stay (6.3 vs. 3.8 days, p=0.054); morbidity (Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) grade IIIa-V 45.8% vs. 35.8%, p=0.279) and 30-day mortality (4.1% vs. 4.2%, p0.99) were not different. Tangential venous resection was associated with similar CDC grade IIIa-IV (42.9% vs. 50.0%, p=0.781) and 30-day mortality rates (3.5% vs. 4.1%, p=0.538) as segmental resection and end-to-end venous reconstruction.Both tangential and segmental PVR appear feasible and can be safely performed to achieve negative resection margins.
Published: 2021

40. Lipoprotein(a) and Benefit of PCSK9 Inhibition in Patients With Nominally Controlled LDL Cholesterol

Author: Gregory G. Schwartz, Michael Szarek, Vera A. Bittner, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G. Goodman, J. Wouter Jukema, Ulf Landmesser, Patricio López-Jaramillo, Garen Manvelian, Robert Pordy, Michel Scemama, Peter R. Sinnaeve, Harvey D. White, Ph Gabriel Steg, P.h. Gabriel Steg, Deepak L. Bhatt, Robert A. Harrington, Andreas M. Zeiher, Pierluigi Tricoci, Matthew T. Roe, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Jay M. Edelberg, Corinne Hanotin, Guillaume Lecorps, Angèle Moryusef, William J. Sasiela, Jean-François Tamby, Philip E. Aylward, Heinz Drexel, Peter Sinnaeve, Mirza Dilic, Renato D. Lopes, Nina N. Gotcheva, Juan-Carlos Prieto, Huo Yong, Ivan Pećin, Zeljko Reiner, Petr Ostadal, Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen, Margus Viigimaa, Markku S. Nieminen, Nicolas Danchin, Vakhtang Chumburidze, Nikolaus Marx, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Pablo Carlos Montenegro Valdovinos, Hung-Fat Tse, Robert Gabor Kiss, Denis Xavier, Doron Zahger, Marco Valgimigli, Takeshi Kimura, Hyo Soo Kim, Sang-Hyun Kim, Andrejs Erglis, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Sasko Kedev, Khalid Yusoff, Gabriel Arturo Ramos López, Marco Alings, Sigrun Halvorsen, Roger M. Correa Flores, Rody G. Sy, Andrzej Budaj, Joao Morais, Maria Dorobantu, Yuri Karpov, Arsen D. Ristic, Terrance Chua, Jan Murin, Zlatko Fras, Anthony J. Dalby, José Tuñón, H. Asita de Silva, Emil Hagström, Christian Müller, Chern-En Chiang, Piyamitr Sritara, Sema Guneri, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kausik K. Ray, Patrick M. Moriarty, Robert Vogel, Bernard Chaitman, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Anders G. Olsson, Jean-Lucien Rouleau, Maarten L. Simoons, Karen Alexander, Chiara Meloni, Robert Rosenson, Eric J.G. Sijbrands, John H. Alexander, Luciana Armaganijan, Akshay Bagai, Maria Cecilia Bahit, J. Matthew Brennan, Shaun Clifton, Adam D. DeVore, Shalonda Deloatch, Sheila Dickey, Keith Dombrowski, Grégory Ducrocq, Zubin Eapen, Patricia Endsley, Arleen Eppinger, Robert W. Harrison, Connie Ng Hess, Mark A. Hlatky, Joseph Dedrick Jordan, Joshua W. Knowles, Bradley J. Kolls, David F. Kong, Sergio Leonardi, Linda Lillis, David J. Maron, Jill Marcus, Robin Mathews, Rajendra H. Mehta, Robert J. Mentz, Humberto Graner Moreira, Chetan B. Patel, Sabrina Bernardez Pereira, Lynn Perkins, Thomas J. Povsic, Etienne Puymirat, William Schuyler Jones, Bimal R. Shah, Matthew W. Sherwood, Kenya Stringfellow, Darin Sujjavanich, Mustafa Toma, Charlene Trotter, Sean F.P. van Diepen, Matthew D. Wilson, Andrew Tze-Kay Yan, Lilia B. Schiavi, Marcelo Garrido, Andrés F. Alvarisqueta, Sonia A. Sassone, Anselmo P. Bordonava, Alberto E. Alves De Lima, Jorge M. Schmidberg, Ernesto A. Duronto, Orlando C. Caruso, Leonardo P. Novaretto, Miguel Angel Hominal, Oscar R. Montaña, Alberto Caccavo, Oscar A. Gomez Vilamajo, Alberto J. Lorenzatti, Luis R. Cartasegna, Gustavo A. Paterlini, Ignacio J. Mackinnon, Guillermo D. Caime, Marcos Amuchastegui, Oscar Salomone, Oscar R. Codutti, Horacio O. Jure, Julio O.E. Bono, Adrian D. Hrabar, Julio A. Vallejos, Rodolfo A. Ahuad Guerrero, Federico Novoa, Cristian A. Patocchi, Cesar J. Zaidman, Maria E. Giuliano, Ricardo D. Dran, Marisa L. Vico, Gabriela S. Carnero, Pablo N. Guzman, Juan C. Medrano Allende, Daniela F. Garcia Brasca, Miguel H. Bustamante Labarta, Sebastian Nani, Eduardo D.S. Blumberg, Hugo R. Colombo, Alberto Liberman, Victorino Fuentealba, Hector L. Luciardi, Gabriel D. Waisman, Mario A. Berli, Ruben O. Garcia Duran, Horacio G. Cestari, Hugo A. Luquez, Jorge A. Giordano, Silvia S. Saavedra, Gerardo Zapata, Osvaldo Costamagna, Susana Llois, Jonathon H. Waites, Nicholas Collins, Allan Soward, Chris L.S. Hii, James Shaw, Margaret A. Arstall, John Horowitz, Daniel Ninio, James F. Rogers, David Colquhoun, Romulo E. Oqueli Flores, Philip Roberts-Thomson, Owen Raffel, Sam J. Lehman, Constantine Aroney, Steven G.M. Coverdale, Paul J. Garrahy, Gregory Starmer, Mark Sader, Patrick A. Carroll, Ronald Dick, Robert Zweiker, Uta Hoppe, Kurt Huber, Rudolf Berger, Georg Delle-Karth, Bernhard Frey, Dirk Faes, Kurt Hermans, Bruno Pirenne, Attilio Leone, Etienne Hoffer, Mathias C.M. Vrolix, Luc De Wolf, Bart Wollaert, Marc Castadot, Karl Dujardin, Christophe Beauloye, Geert Vervoort, Harry Striekwold, Carl Convens, John Roosen, Emanuele Barbato, Marc Claeys, Frank Cools, Ibrahim Terzic, Fahir Barakovic, Zlatko Midzic, Belma Pojskic, Emir Fazlibegovic, Azra Durak-Nalbantic, Mehmed Kulić, Dusko Vulic, Adis Muslibegovic, Boris Goronja, Gilmar Reis, Luciano Sousa, Jose C. Nicolau, Flavio E. Giorgeto, Ricardo P. Silva, Lilia Nigro Maia, Rafael Rech, Paulo R.F. Rossi, Maria José A.G. Cerqueira, Norberto Duda, Renato Kalil, Adrian Kormann, José Antonio M. Abrantes, Pedro Pimentel Filho, Ana Priscila Soggia, Mayler O.N. de Santos, Fernando Neuenschwander, Luiz C. Bodanese, Yorghos L. Michalaros, Freddy G. Eliaschewitz, Maria H. Vidotti, Paulo E. Leaes, Roberto V. Botelho, Sergio Kaiser, Euler Roberto F. Fernandes Manenti, Dalton B. Precoma, Jose C. Moura Jorge, Pedro Silva, Jose A. Silveira, Wladmir Saporito, Jose A. Marin Neto, Gilson S. Feitosa, Luiz Eduardo F. Ritt, Juliana A. de Souza, Fernando Costa, Weimar K.S.B. Souza, Helder J.L. Reis, Leandro Machado, José Carlos Aidar Ayoub, Georgi V. Todorov, Fedya P. Nikolov, Elena S. Velcheva, Maria L. Tzekova, Haralambi O. Benov, Stanislav L. Petranov, Haralin S. Tumbev, Nina S. Shehova-Yankova, Dimitar T. Markov, Dimitar H. Raev, Mihail N. Mollov, Kostadin N. Kichukov, Katya A. Ilieva-Pandeva, Raya Ivanova, Maryana Gospodinov, Valentina M. Mincheva, Petar V. Lazov, Bojidar I. Dimov, Manohara Senaratne, James Stone, Jan Kornder, Stephen Pearce, Danielle Dion, Daniel Savard, Yves Pesant, Amritanshu Pandey, Simon Robinson, Gilbert Gosselin, Saul Vizel, Gordon Hoag, Ronald Bourgeois, Anne Morisset, Eric Sabbah, Bruce Sussex, Simon Kouz, Paul MacDonald, Ariel Diaz, Nicolas Michaud, David Fell, Raymond Leung, Tycho Vuurmans, Christopher Lai, Frank Nigro, Richard Davies, Gustavo Nogareda, Ram Vijayaraghavan, John Ducas, Serge Lepage, Shamir Mehta, James Cha, Robert Dupuis, Peter Fong, Sohrab Lutchmedial, Josep Rodes-Cabau, Hussein Fadlallah, David Cleveland, Thao Huynh, Iqbal Bata, Adnan Hameed, Cristian Pincetti, Sergio Potthoff, Juan C. Prieto, Monica Acevedo, Arnoldo Aguirre, Margarita Vejar, Mario Yañez, Guillermo Araneda, Mauricio Fernandez, Luis Perez, Paola Varleta, Fernando Florenzano, Laura Huidobro, Carlos A. Raffo, Claudia Olivares, Leonardo Nahuelpan, Humberto Montecinos, Jiyan Chen, Yugang Dong, Weijian Huang, Jianzhong Wang, Shi'An Huang, Zhuhua Yao, Xiang Li, Lan Cui, Wenhua Lin, Yuemin Sun, Jingfeng Wang, Jianping Li, Xuelian Zhang, Hong Zhu, Dandan Chen, Lan Huang, Shaohong Dong, Guohai Su, Biao Xu, Xi Su, Xiaoshu Cheng, Jinxiu Lin, Wenxia Zong, Huanming Li, Yi Feng, Dingli Xu, Xinchun Yang, Yuannan Ke, Xuefeng Lin, Zheng Zhang, Zeqi Zheng, Zhurong Luo, Yundai Chen, Chunhua Ding, Yi Zhong, Yang Zheng, Xiaodong Li, Daoquan Peng, Shuiping Zhao, Ying Li, Xuebo Liu, Meng Wei, Shaowen Liu, Yihua Yu, Baiming Qu, Weihong Jiang, Yujie Zhou, Xingsheng Zhao, Zuyi Yuan, Ying Guo, Xiping Xu, Xubo Shi, Junbo Ge, Guosheng Fu, Feng Bai, Weiyi Fang, Xiling Shou, Xiangjun Yang, Jian'An Wang, Meixiang Xiang, Yingxian Sun, Qinghua Lu, Ruiyan Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Yizhou Xu, Zhongcai Fan, Tianchang Li, Chun Wu, Nicolas Jaramillo, Gregorio Sanchez Vallejo, Diana C. Luna Botia, Rodrigo Botero Lopez, Dora I. Molina De Salazar, Alberto J. Cadena Bonfanti, Carlos Cotes Aroca, Juan Diego Higuera, Marco Blanquicett, Sandra I. Barrera Silva, Henry J. Garcia Lozada, Julian A. Coronel Arroyo, Jose L. Accini Mendoza, Ricardo L. Fernandez Ruiz, Alvaro M. Quintero Ossa, Fernando G. Manzur Jatin, Aristides Sotomayor Herazo, Jeffrey Castellanos Parada, Rafael Suarez Arambula, Miguel A. Urina Triana, Angela M. Fernandez Trujillo, Maja Strozzi, Siniša Car, Melita Jerić, Davor Miličić, Martina Lovrić Benčić, Hrvoje Pintarić, Đeiti Prvulović, Jozica Šikić, Viktor Peršić, Dean Mileta, Kresimir Štambuk, Zdravko Babić, Vjekoslav Tomulic, Josip Lukenda, Stanka Mejic-Krstulovic, Boris Starcevic, Jindrich Spinar, David Horak, Zdenek Velicka, Josef Stasek, David Alan, Vilma Machova, Ales Linhart, Vojtech Novotny, Vladimir Kaucak, Richard Rokyta, Robert Naplava, Zdenek Coufal, Vera Adamkova, Ivo Podpera, Jiri Zizka, Zuzana Motovska, Ivana Marusincova, Premysl Svab, Petr Heinc, Jiri Kuchar, Petr Povolny, Jiri Matuska, Steen H. Poulsen, Bent Raungaard, Peter Clemmensen, Lia E. Bang, Ole May, Morten Bøttcher, Jens D. Hove, Lars Frost, Gunnar Gislason, John Larsen, Peter Betton Johansen, Flemming Hald, Peter Johansen, Jørgen Jeppesen, Tonny Nielsen, Kjeld S. Kristensen, Piotr Maria Walichiewicz, Jens D. Lomholdt, Ib C. Klausen, Peter Kaiser Nielsen, Flemming Davidsen, Lars Videbaek, Mai Soots, Veiko Vahula, Anu Hedman, Üllar Soopõld, Kaja Märtsin, Tiina Jurgenson, Arved Kristjan, Heikki Huikuri, Juhani Airaksinen Pierre Coste, Emile Ferrari, Olivier Morel, Gilles Montalescot, Jacques Machecourt, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Jacques Mansourati, Yves Cottin, Florence Leclercq, Abdelkader Belhassane, Nicolas Delarche, Franck Boccara, Franck Paganelli, Jérôme Clerc, Francois Schiele, Victor Aboyans, Vincent Probst, Jacques Berland, Thierry Lefèvre, Bernard Citron, Irakli Khintibidze, Tamaz Shaburishvili, Zurab Pagava, Ramaz Ghlonti, Zaza Lominadze, George Khabeishvili, Rayyan Hemetsberger, Kemala Edward, Ursula Rauch-Kröhnert, Matthias Stratmann, Karl-Friedrich Appel, Ekkehard Schmidt, Heyder Omran, Christoph Stellbrink, Thomas Dorsel, Emmanouil Lianopoulos, Hans Friedrich Vöhringer, Roger Marx, Andreas Zirlik, Detlev Schellenberg, Thomas Heitzer, Ulrich Laufs, Christian Werner, Stephan Gielen, Sebastian Nuding, Bernhard Winkelmann, Steffen Behrens, Karsten Sydow, Mahir Karakas, Gregor Simonis, Thomas Muenzel, Nikos Werner, Stefan Leggewie, Dirk Böcker, Rüdiger Braun-Dullaeus, Nicole Toursarkissian, Michael Jeserich, Matthias Weißbrodt, Tim Schaeufele, Joachim Weil, Heinz Völler, Johannes Waltenberger, Mohammed Natour, Susanne Schmitt, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Stephan Steiner, Lothar Heidenreich, Elmar Offers, Uwe Gremmler, Holger Killat, Werner Rieker, Sotiris Patsilinakos, Athanasios Kartalis, Athanassios Manolis, Dimitrios Sionis, Geargios Chachalis, Ioannis Skoumas, Vasilios Athyros, Panagiotis Vardas, Frangkiskos Parthenakis, John Lekakis, Apostolos Hatzitolios, Sergio R. Fausto Ovando, Juan L. Arango Benecke, Edgar R. Rodriguez De Leon, Bryan P.Y. Yan, David C.W. Siu, Tibor Turi, Bela Merkely, Imre Ungi, Geza Lupkovics, Lajos Nagy, András Katona, István Édes, Gábor Müller, Iván Horvath, Tibor Kapin, Zsolt Szigeti, József Faluközy, Mukund Kumbla, Manjinder Sandhu, Sharath Annam, Naveen Reddy Proddutur, Reddy Regella, Rajendra K. Premchand, Ajaykumar Mahajan, Sudhir Pawar, Atul D. Abhyanakar, Prafulla Kerkar, Ravishankar A. Govinda, Abraham Oomman, Dhurjati Sinha, Sachin N. Patil, Dhiman Kahali, Jitendra Sawhney, Abhijeet B. Joshi, Sanjeev Chaudhary, Pankaj Harkut, Santanu Guha, Sanjay Porwal, Srimannarayana Jujjuru, Ramesh B. Pothineni, Minguel R. Monteiro, Aziz Khan, Shamanna S. Iyengar, Jasprakash Singh Grewal, Manoj Chopda, Mahesh C. Fulwani, Aparna Patange, Patil Sachin, Vijay K. Chopra, Naresh K. Goyal, Rituparna Shinde, Gajendra V. Manakshe, Nitin Patki, Sumeet Sethi, Vengatesh Munusamy, Sunil Karnaand Sunil Thanvi, Srilakshmi Adhyapak, Chandrakant Patil, Ulhas Pandurangi, Rishabh Mathur, Jugal Gupta, Suhas Kalashetti, Ajit Bhagwat, Bagirath Raghuraman, Shiv Kumar Yerra, Prasant Bhansali, Rohidas Borse, Patil Rahul, Srihari Das, Vinay Kumar, Jabir Abdullakutty, Shireesh Saathe, Priya Palimkar, Jabir Abdullkutty, Shireesh Sathe, Shaul Atar, Michael Shechter, Morris Mosseri, Yaron Arbel, Chorin Ehud, Havakuk Ofer, Chaim Lotan, Uri Rosenschein, Amos Katz, Yaakov Henkin, Adi Francis, Marc Klutstein, Eugenia Nikolsky, Robert Zukermann, Yoav Turgeman, Majdi Halabi, Alon Marmor, Ran Kornowski, Michael Jonas, Offer Amir, Yonathan Hasin, Yoseph Rozenman, Shmuel Fuchs, Vered Zvi, Osamah Hussein, Dov Gavish, Zvi Vered, Yoseph Caraco, Mazen Elias, Naveh Tov, Efrat Wolfovitz, Michael Lishner, Nizar Elias, Giancarlo Piovaccari, Annamaria De Pellegrin, Raffaella Garbelotto, Gabriele Guardigli, Valgimigli Marco, Giovanni Licciardello, Carla Auguadro, Filippo Scalise, Claudio Cuccia, Alessandro Salvioni, Giuseppe Musumeci, Michelle Senni, Paolo Calabrò, Salvatore Novo, Pompilio Faggiano, Marco Metra, Nicoletta B. De Cesare, Sergio Berti, Claudio Cavallini, Enrico Puccioni, Marcello Galvani, Maurizio Tespili, Piermarco Piatti, Michela Palvarini, Giuseppe De Luca, Roberto Violini, Alessandro De Leo, Zoran Olivari, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Maurizio Ferratini, Vittorio Racca, Kazuoki Dai, Yuji Shimatani, Haruo Kamiya, Kenji Ando, Yoshihiro Takeda, Yoshihiro Morino, Yoshiki Hata, Kazuo Kimura, Koichi Kishi, Ichiro Michishita, Hiroki Uehara, Toshinori Higashikata, Atsushi Hirayama, Keiji Hirooka, Yasuji Doi, Satoru Sakagami, Shuichi Taguchi, Akihiro Koike, Hiroyuki Fujinaga, Shinji Koba, Ken Kozuma, Tomohiro Kawasaki, Yujiro Ono, Masatoshi Shimizu, Yousuke Katsuda, Atsuyuki Wada, Toshiro Shinke, Junya Ako, Kenshi Fujii, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Tomohiro Sakamoto, Koichi Nakao, Yutaka Furukawa, Hiroshi Sugino, Ritsu Tamura, Toshiaki Mano, Masaaki Uematsu, Noriaki Utsu, Kashima Ito, Takuya Haraguchi, Katsuhiko Sato, Yasunori Ueda, Akira Nishibe, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Motomaru Masutani, Jung Han Yoon, Hack-Lyoung Kim, Hun Sik Park, In-Ho Chae, Moo Hyun Kim, Myung Ho Jeong, Seungwoon Rha, Chongjin Kim, Hae Young Kim, Taekjong Hong, Seung-Jea Tahk, Youngkwon Kim, Arija Busmane, Natalija Pontaga, Aldis Strelnieks, Iveta Mintale, Iveta Sime, Zaneta Petrulioniene, Roma Kavaliauskiene, Ruta Jurgaitiene, Gintare Sakalyte, Rimvydas Slapikas, Sigute Norkiene, Nerijus Misonis, Aleksandras Kibarskis, Raimondas Kubilius, Stojko Bojovski, Nensi Lozance, Aleksandar Kjovkaroski, Snezana Doncovska, Tiong Kiam Ong, Sazzli Kasim, Oteh Maskon, Balachandran Kandasamy, Houng B. Liew, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed, Armando García Castillo, Jorge Carrillo Calvillo, Pedro Fajardo Campos, Juan Carlos Núñez Fragoso, Edmundo Alfredo Bayram Llamas, Marco Antonio Alcocer Gamba, Jaime Carranza Madrigal, Luis Gerardo González Salas, Enrique López Rosas, Belinda González Díaz, Eduardo Salcido Vázquez, Alfredo Nacoud Ackar, Guillermo Antonio Llamas Esperón, Carlos Rodolfo Martínez Sánchez, María Guerrero De Leon, Rodrigo Suarez Otero, Guillermo Fanghänel Salmón, Jesús Antonio Pérez Ríos, José Angel Garza Ruíz, Robert W. Breedveld, Margriet Feenema-Aardema, Alida Borger-Van Der Burg, Pieter A.M. Hoogslag, Harry Suryapranata, Antonius Oomen, Paulus Van Haelst, Margriet Feenema-Aradema, Jacobijne J. Wiersma, Dirk Basart, Ruud M.A. Van Der Wal, Peter Zwart, Pascalle Monraats, Henricus Van Kesteren, Ioannis Karalis, Johan Jukema, Gerardus J.E. Verdel, Bart R.G. Brueren, Roland PTh Troquay, Eric P. Viergever, Nadea Y.Y. Al-Windy, Gerard L. Bartels, Jan H. Cornel, Walter R.M. Hermans, Johannes P.R. Herrman, Robert J. Bos, Reginald G.E.J. Groutars, Coenraad C. Van Der Zwaan, Refik Kaplan, Raymond Lionarons, Eelko Ronner, Bjorn E. Groenemeijer, Patrick N.A. Bronzwaer, Anho A.H. Liem, Bernard J.W.M. Rensing, Marcel J.J.A. Bokern, Remco Nijmeijer, Ferry M.R.J. Hersbach, Frank F. Willems, Antonius T.M. Gosselink, Saman Rasoul, John Elliott, Gerard Wilkins, Raewyn Fisher, Douglas Scott, Hamish Hart, Ralph Stewart, Scott Harding, Ian Ternouth, Nicholas Fisher, Samuel Wilson, Denise Aitken, Russell Anscombe, Laura Davidson, Tadeusz Tomala, Ottar Nygård, Jon Arne Sparby, Kjell Andersen, Lars Gullestad, Jarle Jortveit, Peter S. Munk, Erlend gyllensten Singsaas, Ulf Hurtig, Jorge R. Calderon Ticona, Julio R. Durand Velasquez, Sandra A. Negron Miguel, Enrique S. Sanabria Perez, Jesus M. Carrion Chambilla, Carlos A. Chavez Ayala, Reynaldo P. Castillo Leon, Rolando J. Vargas Gonzales, Jose D. Hernandez Zuniga, Luis A. Camacho Cosavalente, Jorge E. Bravo Mannucci, Javier Heredia Landeo, Nassip C. Llerena Navarro, Yudy M. Roldan Concha, Víctor E. Rodriguez Chavez, Henry A. Anchante Hernandez, Carlos A. Zea Nunez, Walter Mogrovejo Ramos, Arthur Ferrolino, Rosa Allyn G. Sy, Louie Tirador, Generoso Matiga, Raul Martin Coching, Alisa Bernan, Gregorio Rogelio, Dante D. Morales, Edgar Tan, Dennis Jose Sulit, Adrian Wlodarczak, Krystyna Jaworska, Grzegorz Skonieczny, Lidia Pawlowicz, Pawel Wojewoda, Benita Busz-Papiez, Janusz Bednarski, Aleksander Goch, Pawel Staneta, Elzbieta Dulak, Krzysztof Saminski, Wlodzimierz Krasowski, Wanda Sudnik, Aleksander Zurakowski, Marcin Skorski, Roman Lysek, Beata Miklaszewicz, Jacek Kubica, Jan Andrzej Lipko, Edyta Kostarska-Srokosz, Marek Piepiorka, Anna Drzewiecka, Ryszard Sciborski, Arkadiusz Stasiewski, Tomasz Blicharski, Leszek Bystryk, Michal Szpajer, Marek Korol, Tomasz Czerski, Ewa Mirek-Bryniarska, Jacek Gniot, Andrzej Lubinski, Jerzy Gorny, Edward Franek, Grzegorz Raczak, Hanna Szwed, Pedro Monteiro, Jose Mesquita Bastos, Helder H. Pereira, Dinis Martins, Filipe Seixo, Carlos Mendonça, Ana Botelho, Francisca Caetano, Bogdan Minescu, Octavian Istratoaie, Dan N. Tesloianu, Gabriel Cristian, Silviu Dumitrescu, Cristian G.C. Podoleanu, Mircea C.A. Constantinescu, Cristina M. Bengus, Constantin Militaru, Doina Rosu, Irinel R. Parepa, Adrian V. Matei, Tom M. Alexandru, Mihaela Malis, Ioan Coman, Rodica Stanescu-Cioranu, Doina Dimulescu, Yury Shvarts, Olga Orlikova, Zhanna Kobalava, Olga L. Barbarash, Valentin Markov, Nadezhda Lyamina, Alexander Gordienko, Konstantin Zrazhevsky, Alexander Y. Vishnevsky, Victor Gurevich, Raisa Stryuk, Nikita V. Lomakin, Igor Bokarev, Tatiana Khlevchuk, Sergey Shalaev, Larisa Khaisheva, Petr Chizhov, Inna Viktorova, Natalya Osokina, Vladimir Shchekotov, Evgenia Akatova, Galina Chumakova, Igor Libov, Mikhail I. Voevoda, Tatyana V. Tretyakova, Evgeny Baranov, Sergey Shustov, Sergey Yakushin, Ivan Gordeev, Niiaz Khasanov, Olga Reshetko, Tatiana Sotnikova, Olga Molchanova, Konstantin Nikolaev, Liudmila Gapon, Elena Baranova, Zaur Shogenov, Elena Kosmachova, Yuriy Karpov, Anton Povzun, Liudmila Egorova, Vadim V. Tyrenko, Igor G. Ivanov, Masterov Ilya, Sergey Kanorsky, Dragan Simic, Nikola Ivanovic, Goran Davidovic, Nebojsa Tasic, Milika R. Asanin, Stevo Stojic, Svetlana R. Apostolovic, Stevan Ilic, Biljana Putnikovic Tosic, Aleksandar Stankovic, Aleksandra Arandjelovic, Slavica Radovanovic, Branislava Todic, Jovan Balinovac, Dragan V. Dincic, Petar Seferovic, Ana Karadzic, Slobodan Dodic, Sinisa Dimkovic, Tamara Jakimov, Kian-Keong Poh, Hean Yee Ong, Justin Tang I-Shing, Karol Micko, Jan Nociar, Daniel Pella, Peter Fulop, Marian Hranai, Juraj Palka, Juraj Mazur, Ivan Majercák, Andrej Dzupina, František Fazekas, Jozef Gonsorcik, Viliam Bugan, Juraj Selecky, Gabriel Kamensky, Jaroslava Strbova, Rudolf Smik, Andrej Dukat, Peter Olexa, Ivan Žuran, Janez Poklukar, Nataša Černič Šuligoj, Matija Cevc, Henry P. Cyster, Naresh Ranjith, Clive Corbett, Junaid Bayat, Ellen Makoali Makotoko, Hendrik du Toit Theron, Ilse E. Kapp, Matthys M. de V Basson, Hanlie Lottering, Dina Van Aswegen, Louis J. Van Zyl, Peter J. Sebastian, Thayabran Pillay, Jan A. Saaiman, Patrick J. Commerford, Soraya Cassimjee, Garda Riaz, Iftikhar O. Ebrahim, Mahomed Sarvan, Joseph H. Mynhardt, Helmuth Reuter, Rajendran Moodley, Manuel Vida, Angel R. Cequier Fillat, Vicente Bodí Peris, Francisco Fuentes Jimenez, Francisco Marín, Jose M. Cruz Fernández, Rafael Jesus Hidalgo Urbano, Blas Gil-Extremera, Pablo Toledo, Fernando Worner Diz, David Garcia-Dorado, Andres Iñiguez, José Tuñón Fernández, Jose R. Gonzalez-Juanatey, Javier Fernandez Portales, Fernando Civeira Murillo, Laia Matas Pericas, Jose Luis Zamorano, Manuel De Mora Martin, Jordi Bruguera Cortada, Joaquin J. Alonso Martin, Jose Maria Serrano Antolin, José R. De Berrazueta Fernández, José Antonio Vázquez de Prada, Jose Francisco Díaz Fernández, José Alberto García Lledó, Juan Cosín Sales, Javier Botas Rodriguez, Gabriel Gusi Tragant, Amparo Benedicto, Carlos Gonzalez-Juanatey, Mercedes Camprubí Potau, Ignacio Plaza Perez, César Morís De La Tassa, Pablo Loma-Osorio Rincon, Javier Balaguer Recena, Juan M. Escudier, Antonio Coca Payeras, Norberto Alonso Orcajo, Pedro Valdivielso, Godwin Constantine, Ruvaiz Haniffa, Nirmali Tissera, Stanley Amarasekera, Chandrike Ponnamperuma, Nimali Fernando, Kaputella Fernando, Jayanthimala Jayawardena, Santharaj Wijeyasingam, Gotabhaya Ranasinghe, Ruvan Ekanayaka, Sepalika Mendis, Vajira Senaratne, Gnanamoorthy Mayurathan, Ajantha Rajapaksha, Thilak Sirisena, Jagath I. Herath, Naomali Amarasena, Stefan Berglund, Gundars Rasmanis, Ola Vedin, Nils Witt, Georgios Mourtzinis, Peter Nicol, Ole Hansen, Stefano Romeo, Steen Agergaard Jensen, Ingemar Torstensson, Ulf Ahremark, Torbjörn Sundelin, Tiziano Moccetti, Francois Mach, Ronald Binde, Oliver Gämperli, Wei-Chuan Tsai, Kwo-Chang Ueng, Wen-Ter Lai, Ming-En Liu, Juey-Jen Hwang, Wei-Hsian Yin, I-Chang Hsieh, Ming-Jer Hsieh, Wei Hsiang Lin, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Tsuei-Yuan Huang, Chih-Yuan Fang, Pinij Kaewsuwanna, Wasant Soonfuang, Woravut Jintapakorn, Apichard Sukonthasarn, Nattawut Wongpraparut, Krisada Sastravaha, Nakarin Sansanayudh, Wirash Kehasukcharoen, Dilok Piyayotai, Paiboon Chotnoparatpat, Ahmet Camsari, Hakan Kultursay, Bulent Mutlu, Murat Ersanli, Mustafa Demirtas, Cevat Kirma, Ertan Ural, Lale Koldas, Oleksandr Karpenko, Alexander Prokhorov, Ihor Vakaluyk, Halyna Myshanych, Dmytro Reshotko, Valeriy Batushkin, Leonid Rudenko, Ihor Kovalskyi, Mykola Kushnir, Vira Tseluyko, Yuriy Mostovoy, Mykola Stanislavchuk, Yulian Kyiak, Yuriy Karpenko, Yaroslav Malynovsky, Andriy Klantsa, Oles Kutniy, Ekaterina Amosova, Viktor Tashchuk, Oleh Leshchuk, Mykola Rishko, Mykola Kopytsya, Andriy Yagensky, Mykola Vatutin, Andriy Bagriy, Olga M. Barna, Olexiy Ushakov, Georgiy Dzyak, Borys Goloborodko, Anatolii Rudenko, Volodymyr Zheleznyy, Jasper Trevelyan, Azfar Zaman, Kaeng Lee, Andrew Moriarty, Rajesh K. Aggarwal, Piers Clifford, Yuk-Ki Wong, Syed M.R. Iqbal, Eduardas Subkovas, Denise Braganza, David Sarkar, Robert Storey, Huw Griffiths, Sam Mcclure, Rangasamy Muthusamy, Simon Smith, John Kurian, Terry Levy, Craig Barr, Honer Kadr, Robert Gerber, Audrius Simaitis, Handrean Soran, Anthony Mathur, Adrian Brodison, Mohammad Ayaz, Muhammad Cheema, Richard Oliver, Simon Thackray, Telal Mudawi, Gohar Rahman, Ayyaz Sultan, Timothy Reynolds, David Sharman, null david Sprigings, Rob Butler, Peter Wilkinson, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Julian Halcox, Sean Gallagher, Nicholas Ossei-Gerning, Gil Vardi, Duccio Baldari, David Brabham, Charles Treasure, Charles Dahl, Bruce Palmer, Alan Wiseman, Abul Khan, Sanjeev Puri, Ann Elizabeth Mohart, Carlos Ince, Enrique Flores, Scott Wright, Shi-Chi Cheng, Michael Rosenberg, William Rogers, Edward Kosinski, Les Forgosh, Jonathan Waltman, Misal Khan, Mohammad Shoukfeh, Georges Dagher, Patrick Cambier, Ira Lieber, Priya Kumar, Cara East, Perry Krichmar, Mian Hasan, Lindsey White, Thomas Knickelbine, Thomas Haldis, Eve Gillespie, Thomas Amidon, David Suh, Imran Arif, Mouhamad Abdallah, Faiq Akhter, Eric Carlson, Michael D'Urso, Fadi El-Ahdab, William Nelson, Katie Moriarty, Barry Harris, Steven Cohen, Luther Carter, Daniel Doty, Kenneth Sabatino, Tariq Haddad, Amir Malik, Sunder Rao, Angel Mulkay, Ion Jovin, Kim Klancke, Vinay Malhotra, Sai K. Devarapalli, Michael Koren, Harish Chandna, George Dodds, Tauqir Goraya, James Bengston, Matthew Janik, Joseph Moran, Andrew Sumner, John Kobayashi, William Davis, Shahram Yazdani, John Pasquini, Maitreya Thakkar, Amarnath Vedere, Wayne Leimbach, James Rider, Sarah fenton, Narendra Singh, Anil V. Shah, Denise Janosik, Carl Pepine, Brett Berman, Joseph Gelormini, Christopher Daniels, Kerensky Richard, Friederike Keating, Nicholas I. Kondo, Sanjay Shetty, Howard Levite, Winfried Waider, Theodore Takata, Mazen Abu-Fadel, Vipul Shah, Rahul Aggarwal, Mark Izzo, Anil Kumar, Brack Hattler, Rose Do, Chad Link, Anna Bortnick, George Kinzfogl, Arnold Ghitis, John Larry, Edward Teufel, Peter Kuhlman, Brent Mclaurin, Wenwu Zhang, Stephen Thew, Jalal Abbas, Matthew White, Othman Islam, Sumeet Subherwal, Nandkishore Ranadive, Babak Vakili, Christian Gring, David Henderson, Timothy Schuchard, Naim Farhat, Geoffrey Kline, Sharan Mahal, Jack Whitaker, Shawn Speirs, Rolf Andersen, Nizar Daboul, Phillip Horwitz, Firas Zahr, George Ponce, Zubair Jafar, Joseph Mcgarvey, Vipul Panchal, Stephen Voyce, Thomas Blok, William Sheldon, Masoud M. Azizad, Carsten Schmalfuss, Mark Picone, Robert Pederson, William Herzog, Keith Friedman, Jason Lindsey, Rosemary Nowins, Eichenlaub Timothy, Parilak Leonard, Norman Lepor, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Howard Weintraub, Anand Irimpen, Alvaro Alonso, Wade May, Daniels Christopher, Thomas Galski, Alan Chu, Freny Mody, Ebrahimi Ramin, Zachary Hodes, Joseph Rossi, Gregory Rose, James Fairlamb, Charles Lambert, Ajit Raisinghani, Antonio Abbate, George Vetrovec, Marilyn King, Charles Carey, Jaime Gerber, Liwa Younis, Hyeun Park, Mladen Vidovich, Thomas Knutson, Dennis Friedman, Fred Chaleff, Arthur Loussararian, Phillip Rozeman, Carey Kimmelstiel, Jeffrey Kuvin, Kevin Silver, Malcolm Foster, Glen Tonnessen, Andrey Espinoza, Mohamadali Amlani, Andreas Wali, Christopher Malozzi, Geert T. Jong, Clara Massey, Keattiyoat Wattanakit, Philip J. O'Donnell, Dinesh Singal, Naseem Jaffrani, Sridhar Banuru, Daniel Fisher, Mark Xenakis, Neal Perlmutter, Ravi Bhagwat, James Strader, Ronald Blonder, Ayim Akyea-Djamson, Ajay Labroo, Kwan Lee, H. John Marais, Edmund Claxton, Robert Weiss, Rohr Kathryn, Martin Berk, Peter Rossi, Parag Joshi, Amit Khera, Ajit S. Khaira, Greg Kumkumian, Steven Lupovitch, Joshua Purow, Stephen Welka, David Hoffman, Stuart Fischer, Eugene Soroka, Donald Eagerton, Samir Pancholy, Michael Ray, Norman Erenrich, Michael Farrar, Stewart Pollock, William J. French, Steve Diamantis, Douglas Guy, Lawrence Gimple, Mark Neustel, Steven Schwartz, Edward Pereira, Seals Albert, Douglas Spriggs, Janet Strain, Suneet Mittal, Anthony Vo, Majed Chane, Jason Hall, Nampalli Vijay, Kapildeo Lotun, F. Martin Lester, Ahed Nahhas, Theodore Pope, Paul Nager, Rakesh Vohra, Mukesh Sharma, Riyaz Bashir, Hinan Ahmed, Michael Berlowitz, Robert Fishberg, Robert Barrucco, Eric Yang, Michael Radin, Daniel Sporn, Dwight Stapleton, Steven Eisenberg, Joel Landzberg, Martin Mcgough, Samir Turk, Michael Schwartz, P. Sandy Sundram, Diwakar Jain, Mark Zainea, Carlos Bayron, Ronald Karlsberg, Suhail Dohad, Henry Lui, William Keen, Donald Westerhausen, Sandeep Khurana, Himanshu Agarwal, Jessica Birchem, William Penny, Mark Chang, Sherrill Murphy, John Henry, Branislav Schifferdecker, John M Gilbert, Gopal Chalavarya, Charles Eaton, John F. Schmedtje, Stuart Christenson, Imran Dotani, Douglas Denham, Alexander Macdonell, Paul Gibson, Aref Rahman, Tammam Al Joundi, Nizar Assi, Gary Conrad, Purushotham Kotha, Michael Love, Gregory Giesler, Howard Rubenstein, Dawood Gamil, Laura Akright, Justine Krawczyk, Joanne Cobler, Terry Wells, James Welker, Robert Foster, Richard Gilmore, Jay Anderson, Douglas Jacoby, Bill Harris, Geraldine Gardner, Ramprasad Dandillaya, Kishor Vora, John Kostis, John Hunter, David Laxson, Eric Ball, Flavia Egydio, Anelise Kawakami, Janaina Oliveira, Julianna Wozniak, Alexander Matthews, Caroline Ratky, Janine Valiris, Lisa Berdan, Anita Hepditch, Kirby Quintero, Tyrus Rorick, Melissa Westbrook, Andrea Pascual, Carla Rovito, Madeleine Bezault, Elodie Drouet, Tabassome Simon, Caroline Alsweiler, Anne Luyten, Julie Butters, Liddy Griffith, Michelle Shaw, Lena Grunberg, Shahidul Islam, Marie-France Brégeault, Nathalie Bougon, Douglas Faustino, Sylvie Fontecave, Judith Murphy, Melanie Verrier, null Veronique Agnetti, Dorthe Andersen, Emmy Badreddine, Mhamed Bekkouche, Cecile Bouancheau, Imane Brigui, Maddy Brocklehurst, Joseph Cianciarulo, Dawn Devaul, Szilvia Domokos, Cecile Gache, Caroline Gobillot, Severine Guillou, Jan Healy, Megan Heath, Gayatri Jaiwal, Carine Javierre, Julien Labeirie, Myriam Monier, Ulises Morales, Asmaa Mrabti, Bicky Mthombeni, Betim Okan, Lucile Smith, Jennifer Sheller, Sebastien Sopena, Valerie Pellan, Fadela Benbernou, Nafissa Bengrait, Maud Lamoureux, Katarina Kralova, Raphael Bejuit, Anthony Coulange, Christelle Berthou, Jérôme Repincay, Christelle Lorenzato, Alexis Etienne, Valerie Gouet, Virginie Loizeau, Mickael Normand, Anne Ourliac, Christelle Rondel, Antony Adamo, Pascale Beltran, Pauline Barraud, Helene Dubois-Gache, Benjamin Halle, Lamia Metwally, Maxime Mourgues, Marc Sotty, Marion Vincendet, Raluca Cotruta, Zhu Chengyue, Dominique Fournie-Lloret, Christine Morrello, Aurelie Perthuis, Patrick Picault, Isabelle Zobouyan, Helen M. Colhoun, Michael A. Dempsey, Mark A. McClanahan, Masira, and Laucevičius, Aleksandras
Subjects: Male, Acute coronary syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Randomization, PCSK9 inhibitor, LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, acute coronary syndrom, Placebo, Gastroenterology, lipoprotein(a), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Aged, Alirocumab, RISK, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Science & Technology, biology, business.industry, PCSK9, PCSK9 Inhibitors, Hazard ratio, ALIROCUMAB, acute coronary syndrome, Cholesterol, LDL, Lipoprotein(a), Middle Aged, EFFICACY, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, SAFETY, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, biology.protein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), STATIN, low-density lipoprotein, cholesterol PCSK9 inhibitor, CORONARY, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Mace
Abstract: Digital, Background Guidelines recommend nonstatin lipid-lowering agents in patients at very high risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) if low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains ≥70 mg/dL on maximum tolerated statin treatment. It is uncertain if this approach benefits patients with LDL-C near 70 mg/dL. Lipoprotein(a) levels may influence residual risk. Objectives In a post hoc analysis of the ODYSSEY Outcomes (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) trial, the authors evaluated the benefit of adding the proprotein subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor alirocumab to optimized statin treatment in patients with LDL-C levels near 70 mg/dL. Effects were evaluated according to concurrent lipoprotein(a) levels. Methods ODYSSEY Outcomes compared alirocumab with placebo in 18,924 patients with recent acute coronary syndromes receiving optimized statin treatment. In 4,351 patients (23.0%), screening or randomization LDL-C was 13.7 mg/dL or ≤13.7 mg/dL; corresponding adjusted treatment hazard ratios were 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72-0.92) and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.75-1.06), with Pinteraction = 0.43. Conclusions In patients with recent acute coronary syndromes and LDL-C near 70 mg/dL on optimized statin therapy, proprotein subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibition provides incremental clinical benefit only when lipoprotein(a) concentration is at least mildly elevated. (ODYSSEY Outcomes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab; NCT01663402), Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Hard wiring of normal tissue-specific chromosome-wide gene expression levels is an additional factor driving cancer type-specific aneuploidies

Author: Rachel Adihe Lokanga, B. Michael Ghadimi, Rüdiger Braun, Yuri Lazebnik, Jochen Gaedcke, Annette Lischka, Georg Emons, Daniela Hirsch, Daniel Bronder, Danny Wangsa, Sushant Patkar, Michael J. Difilippantonio, Darawalee Wangsa, Gert Auer, Jens K. Habermann, Eytan Ruppin, Markus Brown, Kerstin Heselmeyer-Haddad, Marian Grade, Wei Dong Chen, Thomas Ried, Yue Hu, Jordi Camps, Cristina Montagna, and Noam Auslander
Subjects: Biology, QH426-470, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Neoplasms, Gene expression, Databases, Genetic, medicine, Genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Molecular Biology, Gene, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Research, Gene Expression Profiling, Cancer, Chromosome, Chromosome Mapping, Computational Biology, Karyotype, Oncogenes, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, Aneuploidy, Human genetics, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Organ Specificity, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Chromosome Arm, Mutation, Cancer research, Molecular Medicine, Suppressor, Medicine, Algorithms
Abstract: Background Many carcinomas have recurrent chromosomal aneuploidies specific to the tissue of tumor origin. The reason for this specificity is not completely understood. Methods In this study, we looked at the frequency of chromosomal arm gains and losses in different cancer types from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and compared them to the mean gene expression of each chromosome arm in corresponding normal tissues of origin from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, in addition to the distribution of tissue-specific oncogenes and tumor suppressors on different chromosome arms. Results This analysis revealed a complex picture of factors driving tumor karyotype evolution in which some recurrent chromosomal copy number reflect the chromosome arm-wide gene expression levels of the their normal tissue of tumor origin. Conclusions We conclude that the cancer type-specific distribution of chromosomal arm gains and losses is potentially “hardwiring” gene expression levels characteristic of the normal tissue of tumor origin, in addition to broadly modulating the expression of tissue-specific tumor driver genes.
Published: 2021

42. Cancers / Activation of a Ductal-to-Endocrine Transdifferentiation Transcriptional Program in the Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line PANC-1 Is Controlled by RAC1 and RAC1b through Antagonistic Regulation of Stemness Factors

Author: Isabel Thürling, Paula Marie Schmidtlein, Clara Volz, Hendrik Ungefroren, D Castven, Alexander Maximilian Hackel, Rüdiger Braun, Gabriela Riemekasten, Hendrik Lehnert, Ulrich F. Wellner, Jens-Uwe Marquardt, and Björn Konukiewitz
Subjects: PANC-1, Cancer Research, endocrine system diseases, Cellular differentiation, SOX2, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Biology, RAC1b, Article, stemness, Cancer stem cell, RC254-282, ductal-to-endocrine transdifferentiation, Transdifferentiation, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, pluripotency, digestive system diseases, Oncology, Tumor progression, Cell culture, pancreatic β cell, Cancer research, Ectopic expression, Stem cell, quasimesenchymal, RAC1
Abstract: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a driving force for tumor growth, metastatic spread, therapy resistance, and the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, the regained stem cell character may also be exploited for therapeutic conversion of aggressive tumor cells to benign, highly differentiated cells. The PDAC-derived quasimesenchymal-type cell lines PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 have been successfully transdifferentiated to endocrine precursors or insulin-producing cells, however, the underlying mechanism of this increased plasticity remains elusive. Given its crucial role in normal pancreatic endocrine development and tumor progression, both of which involve EMT, we analyzed here the role of the small GTPase RAC1. Ectopic expression in PANC-1 cells of dominant negative or constitutively active mutants of RAC1 activation blocked or enhanced, respectively, the cytokine-induced activation of a ductal-to-endocrine transdifferentiation transcriptional program (deTDtP) as revealed by induction of the NEUROG3, INS, SLC2A2, and MAFA genes. Conversely, ectopic expression of RAC1b, a RAC1 splice isoform and functional antagonist of RAC1-driven EMT, decreased the deTDtP, while genetic knockout of RAC1b dramatically increased it. We further show that inhibition of RAC1 activation attenuated pluripotency marker expression and self-renewal ability, while depletion of RAC1b dramatically enhanced stemness features and clonogenic potential. Finally, rescue experiments involving pharmacological or RNA interference-mediated inhibition of RAC1 or RAC1b, respectively, confirmed that both RAC1 isoforms control the deTDtP in an opposite manner. We conclude that RAC1 and RAC1b antagonistically control growth factor-induced activation of an endocrine transcriptional program and the generation of CSCs in quasimesenchymal PDAC cells. Our results have clinical implications for PDAC patients, who in addition to eradication of tumor cells have a need for replacement of insulin-producing cells.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Organotypic Slice Cultures as Preclinical Models of Tumor Microenvironment in Primary Pancreatic Cancer and Metastasis

Author: Tobias Keck, Louisa Bolm, Steffen Deichmann, Rüdiger Braun, Ulrich F. Wellner, Meike Ten Winkel, Peter Bronsert, Charli Kruse, Oliver Schilling, Kim C. Honselmann, Olha Lapshyna, Matthias Brandenburger, Susanne Eckelmann, and Publica
Subjects: Proteomics, Tumor microenvironment, General Immunology and Microbiology, General Chemical Engineering, General Neuroscience, Gene Expression Profiling, Biology, medicine.disease, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Metastasis, Transcriptome, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Vibratome, Organ Culture Techniques, Cell culture, Pancreatic cancer, Cancer research, medicine, Tumor Microenvironment, Humans, Ex vivo, Organotypic slice
Abstract: Realistic preclinical models of primary pancreatic cancer and metastasis are urgently needed to test the therapy response ex vivo and facilitate personalized patient treatment. However, the absence of tumor-specific microenvironment in currently used models, e.g., patient-derived cell lines and xenografts, only allows limited predictive insights. Organotypic slice cultures (OTSCs) comprise intact multicellular tissue, which can be rapidly used for the spatially resolved drug response testing. This protocol describes the generation and cultivation of viable tumor slices of pancreatic cancer and its metastasis. Briefly, tissue is casted in low melt agarose and stored in cold isotonic buffer. Next, tissue slices of 300 µm thickness are generated with a vibratome. After preparation, slices are cultured at an air-liquid interface using cell culture inserts and an appropriate cultivation medium. During cultivation, changes in cell differentiation and viability can be monitored. Additionally, this technique enables the application of treatment to viable human tumor tissue ex vivo and subsequent downstream analyses, such as transcriptome and proteome profiling. OTSCs provide a unique opportunity to test the individual treatment response ex vivo and identify individual transcriptomic and proteomic profiles associated with the respective response of distinct slices of a tumor. OTSCs can be further explored to identify therapeutic strategies to personalize treatment of primary pancreatic cancer and metastasis.
Published: 2021

44. A simple preoperative stratification tool predicting the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy

Author: Stefan Sondermann, Natalie Petruch, Sergii Zemskov, K. May, Tobias Keck, Michael Thomaschewski, Kim C. Honselmann, Hryhoriy Lapshyn, L Frohneberg, Ekaterina Petrova, Rüdiger Braun, Louisa Bolm, and Ulrich F. Wellner
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Logistic regression, Risk Assessment, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Pancreatic Fistula, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Pancreas, Retrospective Studies, Pancreatic duct, Hepatology, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Ducts, Nomogram, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pancreatic fistula, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Resection margin, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, business
Abstract: Background Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) can be associated with severe postoperative morbidity. This study aims to develop a preoperative POPF risk calculator that can be easily implemented in clinical routine. Methods Patients undergoing PD were identified from a prospectively-maintained database. A total of 11 preoperative baseline and CT-based radiological parameters were used in a binominal logistic regression model. Parameters remaining predictive for grade B/C POPF were entered into the risk calculator and diagnostic accuracy measures and ROC curves were calculated for a training and a test patient cohort. The risk calculator was transformed into a simple nomogram. Results A total of 242 patients undergoing PD in the period from 2012 to 2018 were included. CT-imaging-based maximum main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter (p = 0.047), CT-imaging-based pancreatic gland diameter at the anticipated resection margin (p = 0.002) and gender (p = 0.058) were the parameters most predictive for grade B/C POPF. Based on these parameters, a risk calculator was developed to identify patients at high risk of developing grade B/C POPF. In a training cohort of PD patients this risk calculator was associated with an AUC of 0.808 (95%CI 0.726–0.874) and an AUC of 0.756 (95%CI 0.669-0-830) in the independent test cohort. A nomogram applicable as a visual risk scale for quick assessment of POPF grade B/C risk was developed. Conclusion The preoperative POPF risk calculator provides a simple tool to stratify patients planned for PD according to the risk of developing postoperative grade B/C POPF. The nomogram visual risk scale can be easily integrated into clinical routine and may be a valuable model to select patients for POPF-preventive therapy or as a stratification tool for clinical trials.
Published: 2020

45. The diagnostic value of routine preliminary biopsy in diagnosing late prosthetic joint infection after hip and knee arthroplasty

Author: Eli Tagtalianidou, Rüdiger Braun, Philipp Schuster, Michael Schlumberger, and Bernd Fink
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Delayed Diagnosis, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Knee Joint, medicine.medical_treatment, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Biopsy, Periprosthetic, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Prospective Studies, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, Bacteria, business.industry, Prosthetic joint infection, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Arthroplasty, Surgery, Female, Hip Joint, Radiology, Hip Prosthesis, business, Knee Prosthesis, Value (mathematics), Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Aims Biopsy of the periprosthetic tissue is an important diagnostic tool for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) as it enables the detection of the responsible microorganism with its sensitivity to antibiotics. We aimed to investigate how often the bacteria identified in the tissue analysis differed between samples obtained from preoperative biopsy and intraoperative revision surgery in cases of late PJI; and whether there was a therapeutic consequence. Methods A total of 508 patients who required revision surgery of total hip arthroplasty (THA) (n = 231) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) (n = 277) because of component loosening underwent biopsy before revision surgery. The tissue samples collected at biopsy and during revision surgery were analyzed according to the criteria of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS). Results In total, 178 (113 THA, 65 TKA) were classified as infected. The biopsy procedure had a sensitivity of 93.8%, a specificity of 97.3%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.9%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.7%, and an accuracy of 96.1%. Of the 178 infected patients, 26 showed a difference in the detected bacteria from the biopsy and the revision surgery (14.6%). This difference required a change to antibiotic therapy in only two cases (1.1%). Conclusion Biopsy is a useful tool to diagnose PJI, but there may be a difference in the detected bacteria between the biopsy and revision surgery. However, this did not affect the choice of antibiotic therapy in most cases, rendering the clinical relevance of this phenomenon as low. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(3):329–335
Published: 2020

46. Overexpression of integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2) correlates with poor survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Author: Steffen Deichmann, Leif Schindel, Rüdiger Braun, Louisa Bolm, Martin Taylor, Vikram Deshpande, Oliver Schilling, Peter Bronsert, Tobias Keck, Cristina Ferrone, Ulrich Wellner, and Kim Honselmann
Subjects: General Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract: AimsDue to the known malignant potential and the poor overall prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the identification of new biomarkers is of utmost importance. It has been reported that integrin alpha 2 (ITGA2), plakophilin 3 (PKP3) and adenylate kinase 4 (AK4) are associated with poor survival and more aggressive malignant behaviour in multiple cancers; however, their role in PDAC is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of ITGA2, PKP3 and AK4 expression with PDAC tumour characteristics and patient survival.MethodsOf 105 patients undergoing oncological pancreatic resection between 2012 and 2018, tissue microarrays were prepared from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PDAC tissues and immunohistochemically stained with PKP3, AK4 and ITGA2. Clinical and pathological patient data were retrieved from the electronic patient charts and correlated with biomarker staining scores.ResultsITGA2 expression was high in 43% of patients with PDAC, whereas AK4 and PKP3 expressions were high in 28% and 57%, respectively. Overall survival was negatively associated with high ITGA2 expression in comparison with low expression (13 months (95% CI 10 to 18 months) vs 25 months (95% CI 20 to 30 months), pConclusionsITGA2 is an independent prognostic parameter for survival in patients with resected PDAC. PKP3 and AK4 do not appear to have prognostic value for survival in PDAC.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Der Einfluß des Wandels in der Geldvermögensbildung auf die Realvermögensbildung.

Author: Werner Ehrlicher, Rüdiger Braun, Werner Ehrlicher, and Rüdiger Braun
Subjects: Saving and investment--Germany, Capital--Germany
Published: 2022

48. Survival Outcome and Prognostic Factors for Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma: Retrospective Analysis from the German Cancer Registry Group

Author: Ekaterina Petrova, Joachim Wellner, Anne K. Nording, Rüdiger Braun, Kim C. Honselmann, Louisa Bolm, Richard Hummel, Monika Klinkhammer-Schalke, Sylke Ruth Zeissig, Kees Kleihues van Tol, Sylvia Timme-Bronsert, Peter Bronsert, Sergey Zemskov, Tobias Keck, and Ulrich Friedrich Wellner
Subjects: Cancer Research, Oncology, German Cancer Registry Group, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Article, RC254-282
Abstract: Simple Summary Less than 1% of all pancreatic malignancies are acinar cell carcinomas. Based on data from the German Cancer Registry Group, we performed a comparative analysis of characteristics and prognostic factors of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma and the most common type of pancreatic cancer—pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Compared to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma were younger at the time of diagnosis and the percentage of males was higher. The prognosis of patients with pancreatic acinar carcinoma was better than that of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Surgical resection was the strongest positive prognostic factor for pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma. The study shows that pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma has features distinct from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Radical resection should be advocated, whenever feasible. Abstract Background: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a distinct type of pancreatic cancer with low prevalence. We aimed to analyze prognostic factors and survival outcome for PACC in comparison to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), based on data from the German Cancer Registry Group. Methods: Patients with PACC and PDAC were extracted from pooled data of the German clinical cancer registries (years 2000 to 2019). The distribution of demographic parameters, tumor stage and therapy modes were compared between PACC and PDAC. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to delineate prognostic factors for PACC. Propensity score matching was used to compare survival between PACC and PDAC. Results: There were 233 (0.44%) patients with PACC out of 52,518 patients with pancreatic malignancy. Compared to PDAC, patients with PACC were younger (median age 66 versus 70, respectively, p < 0.001) and the percentage of males was higher (66.1% versus 53.3%, respectively, p < 0.001). More patients were resected with PACC than with PDAC (56.2% versus 38.9%, respectively, p < 0.001). The estimated overall median survival in PACC was 22 months (95% confidence interval 15 to 27), compared to 12 months (95% confidence interval 10 to 13) in the matched PDAC cohort (p < 0.001). Surgical resection was the strongest positive prognostic factor for PACC after adjusting for sex, age, and distant metastases (hazard ratio 0.34, 95% confidence interval 0.22 to 0.51, p < 0.001). There was no survival benefit for adjuvant therapy in PACC. Conclusions: PACC has overall better prognosis than PDAC. Surgical resection is the best therapeutic strategy for PACC and should be advocated even in advanced tumor stages.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Gender-related differences in patients with colon cancer resection

Author: J. Nolde, Tilman Laubert, Tobias Keck, Markus Kleemann, Claudia Benecke, Rüdiger Braun, and Markus Zimmermann
Subjects: Laparoscopic surgery, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Colorectal cancer, medicine.medical_treatment, Perioperative, Vascular surgery, Anastomosis, medicine.disease, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Complication, Abdominal surgery
Abstract: In recent years, studies have revealed gender-related differences in many fields of medicine. Data on oncologic surgical patients show different pathologic, perioperative, and long-term outcomes between men and women with conflicting results. Very limited data are available on gender-related differences in colorectal cancer patients. We analyzed a cohort of patients who had surgery for colon cancer at our center between 01/1990 and 12/2015. Clinical, pathological, perioperative, and long-term survival data were retrieved from a prospective database and gender-related differences were calculated for the overall cohort as well as for open and laparoscopic sub-cohorts. In total, 1786 patients, 909 (50.9%) male, 877 (49.1%) female, were included. Women had clinical symptoms more often, but histopathologic and resection parameters as well as tumor location did not differ significantly between groups. The majority (n = 1609, 90.1%) underwent resection with anastomosis (male vs. female n.s.). Laparoscopic surgery was performed in 640 (35.8%, male vs. female n.s.). Men had a higher rate of anastomotic leakage (n = 50 [5.5%] vs. n = 30 [3.7%], p = 0.034). Other complications also occurred significantly more often in males. Analysis of open and laparoscopic surgery showed significant differences in complication rates only within the open group. The 5‑ and 10-year overall survival rates did not differ significantly. Female and male patients encounter different rates of perioperative complications when undergoing surgery for colon cancer. In times where individualized treatment regimens are attempted to be established, future studies should take gender-related differences more into account. This study describes (1) gender-related differences in complication rates in the defined cohort of colon cancer patients, (2) higher rates of gender-related differences with regard to open versus laparoscopic procedures, and (3) equal long-term survival rates with regard to gender and laparoscopic versus open surgery.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Perioperative Therapy in Stage IA-III Pancreatic Cancer – A Cross-validation of the National Cancer Database and the German Cancer Registry

Author: Natalie Petruch, Rodney E. Wegner, C. Fernandez-del Castillo, Alexander V. Kirichenko, Dirk Rades, Tobias Keck, Rüdiger Braun, Jon M Harrison, Kim C. Honselmann, Matthias Zeller, Hryhoriy Lapshyn, Ekaterina Petrova, Louisa Bolm, Ulrich F. Wellner, Sergii Zemskov, Jorge Roldan, and Taisuke Baba
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Cancer, Perioperative, medicine.disease, language.human_language, Cancer registry, German, Internal medicine, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, language, Stage (cooking), business
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Category

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

172 results on '"Rüdiger Braun"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources