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The paper presents a segmentation method for extracting the hemorrhage out of CT (computed tomography) images of brain by using the features of fuzzy clustering together with the level-set segmentation method. The fuzzy clustering is utilized for initialization of level-set function that evolves to extract the desired hemorrhagic region. In addition, the fuzzy clustering has also been utilized for estimating the parameters which control the propagation of level set function. The proposed method eradicates the requirement of manual initialization and re-initialization process which is very much time inefficient, as required by majority of conventional level-set segmentation methods and thus speeding up the process related with evolution of function associated with level-set. The proposed method has been implemented over a dataset containing 300 CT images of brain with hemorrhages of various sizes and shapes and the performance of proposed method is compared with existing techniques like fuzzy c- mean (FCM) clustering and region growing. The results of this method are observed to have highest values related with similarity indices such as overlap metric, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity with values as 87.46%, 85.40%, 98.79% and 79.91% respectively for given dataset of 300 images.

An azo ester-based biphenyl substituted rod-shaped azo-based material has been synthesized and well-characterized and further studied their mesogenic, optical, and thermal properties. All the synth...

The mesomorphic properties of linear shaped homologous series based on two linkage group have been designed and synthesized with different side chain substituents (-OR) on the one end of terminal s...

In the field of natural language processing and text mining, sentiment analysis (SA) has received huge attention from various researchers’ across the globe. By the prevalence of Web 2.0, user’s became more vigilant to share, promote and express themselves along with any issues or challenges that are being encountered on daily activities through the Internet (social media, micro-blogs, e-commerce, etc.) Expression and opinion are a complex sequence of acts that convey a huge volume of data that pose a challenge for computational researchers to decode. Over the period of time, researchers from various segments of public and private sectors are involved in the exploration of SA with an aim to understand the behavioral perspective of various stakeholders in society. Though the efforts to positively construct SA are successful, challenges still prevail for efficiency. This article presents an organized survey of SA (also known as opinion mining) along with methodologies or algorithms. The survey classifies SA into categories based on levels, tasks, and sub-task along with various techniques used for performing them. The survey explicitly focuses on different directions in which the research was explored in the area of cross-domain opinion classification. The article is concluded with an objective to present an exclusive and exhaustive analysis in the area of opinion mining containing approaches, datasets, languages, and applications used. The observations made are expected to support researches to get a greater understanding on emerging trends and state-of-the-art methods to be applied for future exploration.

The Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) provide an unprecedented opportunity for ubiquitous real-time health-care and fitness monitoring without impairing the activities of the user. Furthermore, meeting the quality of service (QoS) requirements, i.e., throughput, delay and packet loss rate in WBAN, is a challenge due to the lossy channel, resource-restricted nodes and the transmission of data in the highly dynamic situations. In the proposed work, an optimized hybrid technique of Genetic algorithm (GA) with BAT algorithm (GABAT) is presented to achieve QoS metrics. The hybrid GABAT meticulously adjusts the transmission rates at each sensor node for each posture taking into account both the QoS metric constraint and the dynamic link constraint. The proposed scheme gives higher priority to the emergency packets than the normal packets to support the QoS requirements. The results exhibit that the proposed GABAT attains maximum fitness value in less iterations as compared to GA and BAT optimizations.

Multiphoton contributions pose a significant challenge for the realisation of heralded single-photon sources (HSPS) based on nonlinear processes. In this work, we improve the quality of single photons generated in this way by harnessing the photon-number resolving (PNR) capabilities of commercial superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). We report a 13 ± 0.4% reduction of g

The body movement and change in posture exhibit high mobility in sensor nodes which causes shadowing in the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). Due to this, the connectivity between the nodes in WBAN is affected which further causes failure in data delivery. This article presents a MAC protocol in WBAN to deal with the problem of data delivery due to body movement and postural mobility. It uses an Improved Initial Centroid K-means clustering technique for classification of various human body postures followed by back propagation neural network as a classifier to recognize human body posture. This article proposes a posture aware dynamic data delivery (PA-DDD) protocol to deliver data dynamically. The PA-DDD protocol can be used under varying speed walking scenario. The simulation results show that it prolongs the network lifetime and is energy efficient.

Automatic opinion mining of web 2.0 texts is critical for understanding people's viewpoints and assisting them in making informed decisions. Trained machines perform well in the same domain to predict the sentiment polarity but performance decreases drastically when the same machine is applied directly to other domains. Creating a labeled data for every field is an expensive and inefficient procedure. We introduce a framework to determine the domain-independent words in both domains by employing feature extraction techniques to bridge the gap across the domains. To train a classifier and analyze the sentiment polarity of the target domain, we employed these features. The experimental results are compared with different existing state-of-art approaches and evaluate the execution and effectiveness of the suggested framework.

In this present article, we wish to report on the liquid-crystalline properties of chalcone-ester based homologous series of compounds having aliphatic chain length in n-alkoxy group (n = 1 to 10, ...

The Internet of Things (IoT) has great potential to change the fundamental way of interacting with technology in daily life, and for ease, it also observes and records user preferences that challenge privacy in another way. IoT devices are suspended to extensive usage even more than mobile phones and attain more access to private and secured data. With the growth of connected devices, mobile security is already a challenge, so perspective challenges for IoT connected devices must be much greater than considered at present and can be primarily categorized into safety, security and privacy. Rigorous development of security techniques should be an essential process toward the foundation of strong IoT systems to achieve and retain user trust. The survey in this paper reviewed and analyzed security principles, attacks and countermeasures at different layers of IoT-layered architecture, considering the bottlenecks of IoT systems.

With the advancements in technology, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used almost in all applications. These sensor network systems are sometimes used to monitor hostile environments where human intervention is not possible. When sensing is required to be done in areas that are hostile, there is need for autonomous/self-managing systems as it is very difficult for the human to intervene within such hostile environmental conditions. Therefore, in such systems, each node is required to do all functionalities and act like autonomous decision taking node that performs both data forwarding and network control. Therefore, introducing a self-management for large-scale distributed wireless system is a highly tedious task due to resource constrained nature of these nodes. It is very difficult to achieve required quality of service by large systems as a huge amount of energy is dissipated by systems in radio communication. Owing to resource constraint as well as vulnerable nature, developing a self-managing system for distributed WSN is a very challenging and demanding task.

A newly designed homologues series: 4-bromo-2-(3-(4-dimethyl amino) phenyl) acryloyl)-6-nitrophenyl-3-(4-n-alkoxy phenyl) acrylate has been synthesized and studied through chalconyl vinyl ester lin...

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is emerging as a valuable resolution to distant monitoring and control issues. These are used to keep an eye on the remote, hazardous, antagonistic, and large-scale target-regions. Random dispersion of Sensor Nodes (SNs) from air is the most suited technique to set up WSN in such regions, but it endure various imperfections, i.e., a large number of SNs are needed to attain preferred coverage level. Moreover, its randomness may be hampered by atmospheric winds while dropping from air. In this research article three models for the precise placement of SNs have been proposed. Each successive model is an enhancement and refinement of its base model. The proposed models utilize the potential attained as a result of high falling height to position the SNs on their preferred locations (PLs). All the PLs are computed initially and SNs are equipped with a small sized economical carrier glider (CG) which floats them to their PL. The movement of a glider is controlled by the piloting SN. The first model defines the significance of a virtual path and the technique used by a CG to follow it to reach its PL. But, it suffers from a path swerving problem. The second model incorporates the virtual-path updating mechanism in the basic model. This rectifies the problem of path swerving and makes it resistant to the winds. The third model further refines its base model by introducing a radius reduction technique to enhance its precision and energy efficiency. The proposed models use an obstinate technique to maintain the direction of movement of a floating CG towards the PL in order to deal with atmospheric winds.

In present study, we have synthesized such newly chalcone-ester linking group based homologous series containing disubstituted octadecyloxy tail part. A series of new chalcones with having three ar...

Mobile Ad Hoc Network requires various types of applications’ communication. One of the important is multimedia communication. Such flows demand stringent requirements for Quality of Service. Multimedia or real flows need to book resources such as bandwidth. But in some scenario bandwidth may be occupied by some other resources. In some situation high priority real flows has to wait for resource allocation on a shorter path or may be supplied with another longer path. To overcome such a situation we have provided hop to hop preemption on the basis of number of preemption required on a hop and also by calculating threshold priority difference. In this article, we have proposed Dynamic Flow Preemption (DFP) which will preempt the low priority flow (using some constraints), by another high priority flow. We have evaluated DFP with AdHoc QoS On Demand Routing AQOR. AQOR is considered as it maintains multiple paths like DFP. NS2 simulator is used to compare both the protocols. Result from different par...

In this study we have synthesized a new class of compounds incorporating of chalcones and laterally substituted fluoro group. A series of new chalcones with five aromatic rings is synthesized and c...

In this study we have synthesized a new class of compounds incorporating of chalconyl-ester and terminally substituted lauryl group. A series of new chalcones with three aromatic rings is synthesiz...

Two homologues series of liquid crystals based on calix[4]arene core have been prepared by the condensing of Schiff base derivatives of 4-n-alkoxy benzaldehyde and 4-amino benzoic acid at the lower rim of tert-butyl calix[4]arene. They have been designed to a correlation between the molecular structure and mesomorphism with reference to -CH=N- and -COO- linkage group. All these compounds were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Mesomorphic behaviour of novel materials were studied by polarising optical microscope (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction measurements to confirm the presence of mesophase. Comp.C7-I to C18-I (Series-1) and C4-II to C18-II (Series-2) shows smectic and nematic mesophase enantiotropically manner. Comp.C3-I, C7-I, C6-II, C7-II, C12-II subjected to in vitro antimicrobial screening against two gram ( +ve) bacteria ( S.aureus, S.Pyogenes), two gram (-ve) bacteria (E.coli, P.aeruginosa) and three fungal strains (C.albicans, A.Niger, A.clavatus).

In current scenario real traffic demand for multimedia traffic has been increased. I t requires strict QoS. Performance may be degraded due to attacks like flooding request. In this article, we hav...

A new homologous series viz. 4-(3-(3, 4-dioctadecyloxy) phenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl) phenyl-3-(4-n-alkoxy phenyl) cinnamate) based on two linking groups have been synthesized and characterized. The...

Two homologous series based on three linking groups have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared [FT-IR] and protonm...