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β decay of proton-rich nuclei plays an important role in exploring isospin mixing. The β decay of ^{26}P at the proton drip line is studied using double-sided silicon strip detectors operating in conjunction with high-purity germanium detectors. The T=2 isobaric analog state (IAS) at 13 055 keV and two new high-lying states at 13 380 and 11 912 keV in ^{26}Si are unambiguously identified through β-delayed two-proton emission (β2p). Angular correlations of two protons emitted from ^{26}Si excited states populated by ^{26}P β decay are measured, which suggests that the two protons are emitted mainly sequentially. We report the first observation of a strongly isospin-mixed doublet that deexcites mainly via two-proton decay. The isospin mixing matrix element between the ^{26}Si IAS and the nearby 13 380-keV state is determined to be 130(21) keV, and this result represents the strongest mixing, highest excitation energy, and largest level spacing of a doublet ever observed in β-decay experiments.

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor with very poor prognosis. In the past decade, the surgical technique has made significant progress, but it has not brought desired effect in improving the survival outcome of pancreatic cancer patients. With the development of the concept of cancer treatment and the emergence of precision medicine, the surgical centered multidisciplinary treatment and collaborative diagnosis and treatment mode has gradually become the mainstream. Accurate preoperative assessment of pancreatic cancer has become a breakthrough for further improving the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. From the perspective of precise assessment, this paper mainly summarized the status and progress on the following four aspects: the preoperative diagnosis and staging, the resectability evaluation, the neoadjuvant therapy strategy and efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic cancer, and also discussed the shortcomings and challenges in the field of precise assessment, finally in order to make the preoperative assessment of pancreatic cancer more precise and standard, and to provide useful reference for future research work.胰腺癌是致死率极高的恶性肿瘤。历经百余年的发展，胰腺癌的外科治疗技术虽然取得了显著进步，但对患者的生存改善仍差强人意。随着肿瘤治疗理念的发展、精准医学的兴起，以外科为中心的多学科团队诊疗模式逐步成为主流，做好胰腺癌的术前精准评估成为进一步改善患者预后的突破口。本文着重从精准评估的角度，对胰腺癌的术前诊断与分期、可切除性的综合评估、新辅助治疗策略的选择，以及新辅助治疗效果评估等方面的进展进行综述，并探讨其中的不足与挑战，以期使胰腺癌的术前评估更加精准、全面，并为将来的研究提供参考。.

$^{6}$He+$t$ cluster states of exited $^{9}$Li have been measured by 32.7 MeV/nucleon $^{9}$Li beams bombarding on $^{208}$Pb target. Two resonant states are clearly observed with the excitation energies at 9.8 MeV and 12.6 MeV and spin-parity of 3/2$^{-}$ and 7/2$^{-}$ respectively. These two states are considered to be members of K$^{\pi}$=1/2$^{-}$ band. The spin-parity of them are identified by the method of angular correlation analysis and verified by the continuum discretized coupled channels (CDCC) calculation, which agrees with the prediction of the generator coordinate method (GCM). A monopole matrix element about 4 fm$^{2}$ for the 3/2$^{-}$ state is extracted from the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) calculation. These results strongly support the feature of clustering structure of two neutron-rich clusters in the neutron-rich nucleus $^{9}$Li for the first time.

A new α-emitting isotope ^{214}U, produced by the fusion-evaporation reaction ^{182}W(^{36}Ar,4n)^{214}U, was identified by employing the gas-filled recoil separator SHANS and the recoil-α correlation technique. More precise α-decay properties of even-even nuclei ^{216,218}U were also measured in the reactions of ^{40}Ar, ^{40}Ca beams with ^{180,182,184}W targets. By combining the experimental data, improved α-decay reduced widths δ^{2} for the even-even Po-Pu nuclei in the vicinity of the magic neutron number N=126 are deduced. Their systematic trends are discussed in terms of the N_{p}N_{n} scheme in order to study the influence of proton-neutron interaction on α decay in this region of nuclei. It is strikingly found that the reduced widths of ^{214,216}U are significantly enhanced by a factor of two as compared with the N_{p}N_{n} systematics for the 84≤Z≤90 and N126 even-even nuclei. The abnormal enhancement is interpreted by the strong monopole interaction between the valence protons and neutrons occupying the π1f_{7/2} and ν1f_{5/2} spin-orbit partner orbits, which is supported by the large-scale shell model calculation.

β-delayed one-proton emissions of ^{22}Si, the lightest nucleus with an isospin projection T_{z}=-3, are studied with a silicon array surrounded by high-purity germanium detectors. Properties of β-decay branches and the reduced transition probabilities for the transitions to the low-lying states of ^{22}Al are determined. Compared to the mirror β decay of ^{22}O, the largest value of mirror asymmetry in low-lying states by far, with δ=209(96), is found in the transition to the first 1^{+} excited state. Shell-model calculation with isospin-nonconserving forces, including the T=1, J=2, 3 interaction related to the s_{1/2} orbit that introduces explicitly the isospin-symmetry breaking force and describes the loosely bound nature of the wave functions of the s_{1/2} orbit, can reproduce the observed data well and consistently explain the observation that a large δ value occurs for the first but not for the second 1^{+} excited state of ^{22}Al. Our results, while supporting the proton-halo structure in ^{22}Al, might provide another means to identify halo nuclei.

BackgroundIdiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is defined as a 30-decibel (dB) loss in hearing over three contiguous frequencies within 3 days. The cause remains unknown, and there is currently no consensus in the literature as to how it is best treated. Conventional treatment in our unit comprises steroids, pentoxyphiline and dextran, with the potential addition of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).MethodsA prospective randomised trial was performed on all soldiers diagnosed with ISSNHL in our institution from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2016. Participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Group A was treated with conventional treatment plus HBOT. Group B was treated with conventional treatment only. Data collection included age, gender, clinical symptoms, pure-tone audiometry results and treatment outcome.Results60 participants were enrolled (53 male, 7 female) with ages ranging from 18 to 65 years (mean age of 30.3). No significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics between the two groups, including gender, age, site, associated symptoms, duration of symptoms and severity of hearing loss. Hearing recovery using Siegel’s criteria on days 8 and 13 showed no significant differences between treatment groups. However, the hearing recovery on day 180 was significantly better in those who received the conventional treatment plus HBOT (PConclusionsHBOT plus existing conventional treatment was associated with a better outcome than conventional treatment alone. We would recommend the addition of HBOT is recommended as a first-line treatment modality for all soldiers presenting with ISSNHL.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors affecting precancerous lesions, and cancer of oral cavity, and to assess efficacy of visual screening for oral mucosal lesions.The medical records of patients older than 30 years of age with history of habitual cigarette smoking or betel quid chewing that received screening for oral mucosal lesions between January 2012 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients' age, gender, risk factors, screening findings, and histopathology results of biopsy were included for further analysis.A total of 1341 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 1080 males and 261 females ranging from 30 to 96 years of age, with a mean age of 53.9±13.6 years. After screening, 226 (16.9%) were found to be positive of oral lesions. Among these 226 patients, 69 (30.5%) underwent biopsy under local anesthesia, and the histopathology showed malignancy in 13 (5.8%). All of the confirmed malignant cases were squamous cell carcinoma. Among them, 12 received further staging examination and one was lost to follow-up resulting in unknown stage. The early stage oral cavity cancer (stage I and II) accounted for 84.6% (11/13).The detection rate of early stage oral cavity cancer in our study was reasonable. Therefore, visual screening for oral cavity cancer is recommended for patients with habitual cigarette smoking or betel quid chewing.

In order to promote the prevention and control programs on rabies in our country, to regulate the prevention and disposition of rabies and to reduce the deaths caused by rabies, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has organized a panel of experts, in the reference with Guidelines issued by WHO, American Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, and the latest research progress from home and abroad, and compiled this document-"Technical Guidelines for Human Rabies Prevention and Control (2016)". The Guidelines conducted a systematic review on the etiology, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis, epidemiology of rabies and provided evidence on varieties, mechanisms, effects, side-effects and security of rabies vaccine, as well as on other preparations on passive immunity of its kind, on methods related to prevention and disposition of exposure etc, finally to have come up with the recommendation on the above mentioned various techniques. The guidelines will be used by staff working on prevention and control of rabies from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention at all levels, from the departments of outpatient and divisions of infection and emergency control in all the medical institutions. The guideline will be updated and revised, following the research progress from home and abroad.

An anisotropic viscous Cartesian grid method based on a 2 N tree data structure is developed. The method is capable of handling complex geometries automatically. In addition, viscous boundary layers can be computed with high resolution, using automatically projected high aspect ratio viscous layer grids. Compared with a widely used Octree data structure, the 2 N tree data structure supports anisotropic grid adaptations in any of the coordinate directions. Therefore, key flow features such as shock waves, wakes, and vortices can be captured in a very efficient manner. To handle the adaptive viscous Cartesian grid, an implicit, second-order, finite volume flow solver supporting arbitrary grids has been developed. A linearity-preserving least-squares solution reconstruction algorithm is used to achieve second-order accuracy. Furthermore, several directional adaptation criteria are developed and tested. The overall grid generation, flow simulation, and grid adaptation methodology is then demonstrated for a variety of flow problems, including a case of supersonic turbulent flow over a high-angle-of-attack missile configuration

Extracorporeal shock-wave (ESW) treatment hasbeen shown to be effective in promoting the healing of fractures. We aimed to determine whether ESW could enhance the growth of bone-marrow osteoprogenitor cells. We applied ESW to the left femur of rats 10 mm above the knee at 0.16 mJ/mm2 in a range of between 250 and 2000 impulses. Bone-marrow cells were harvested after ESW for one day and subjected to assessment of colony-forming unit (CFU) granulocytes, monocytes, erythocytes, megakaryocytes (CFU-Mix), CFU-stromal cells (CFU-S) and CFU-osteoprogenitors (CFU-O). We found that the mean value for the CFU-O colonies after treatment with 500 impulses of ESW was 168.2 CFU-O/well (sem 11.3) compared with 88.2 CFU-O/well (sem 7.2) in the control group. By contrast, ESW treatment did not affect haematopoiesis as shown by the CFU-Mix (p = 0.557). Treatment with 250 and 500 impulses promoted CFU-O, but not CFU-Mix formations whereas treatment with more than 750 impulses had an inhibiting effect. Treatment with 500 impulses also enhanced the activity of bone alkaline phosphatase in the subculture of CFU-O (p< 0.01), indicating a selective promotion of growth of osteoprogenitor cells. Similarly, formation of bone nodules in the long-term culture of bone-marrow osteoprogenitor cells was also significantly enhanced by ESW treatment with 500 impulses. The mean production of TGF-β1 was 610 pg/ml (sem 84.6) in culture supernatants from ESW-treated rats compared with 283 pg/ml (sem 36.8) in the control group. Our findings suggest that optimal treatment with ESW could enhance rat bone-marrow stromal growth and differentiation towards osteoprogenitors presumably by induction of TGF-β1.

High-order optimized upwind dispersion-relation-preserving finite difference schemes are used for solving multidimensional acoustic wave propagation problems. The accuracy and the robustness of the schemes are tested for acoustic problems with various geometry and boundary conditions. Excellent agreements between the numerical and the analytical solutions indicate that the high-order optimized upwind schemes minimize not only the dispersion error but also the dissipation error while retaining the numerical stability. The simulation results have also demonstrated that the optimized upwind schemes damp out the spurious short waves automatically without the need of filter or explicit dissipation terms. The overall effectiveness of the high-order optimized upwind schemes is verified. The good numerical result of the problem of acoustic scattering by a sphere suggests that the optimized upwind schemes may be used to solve acoustic problems involving a relatively complex geometry.

Previous study showed that peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) are expressed in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and diazepam was found to inhibit hMCSs viability in high concentration. Midazolam, a benzodiazepine derivative, is widely used as an intravenous sedative in hospital. Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) affect a broad spectrum of cellular functions. We tested the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs.Bone marrow was collected from 12 patients during the operation of spine internal fixation. Cultivated with basal medium, the hBMSCs were incubated with or without midazolam (0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 µM, respectively). Cell viability were tested with MTS assay after 2, 4, 6 hours respectively. Cell morphology was observed and recorded at 6 hour. After cultivated with osteogentic medium, the hBMSCs were incubated with or without midazolam (5, 10, 15, 20 µM, respectively). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S staining were measured. Cultivated with osteogentic medium with or without treatment of 15 µM midazolam, the mRNA expression of ALP, type 1 collagen (COL1), Runx2 and PPARγ was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR.The treatments of midazolam inhibited cell viability to 85%-16% respectively (p0.05). Rounded up phenomenon with floating cells, Membrane-blebbed cells and cytoplasmic contraction were observed after 10, 15 or 20 µM midazolam treatment. The ALP activity and Calcium deposition of hBMSCs exposed to 15 and 20 µM midazolam was significantly inhibited at 7, 14 and 21 days (p0.05). And the mRNA expression of ALP, COL1 and PPARγ was significantly suppressed in the hBMSCs cultured with 15 µM midazolam (p0.05).Midazolam exert negative effect on cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of cultured hBMSCs. During sedation in critical care, the use of midazolam may suppress activity of hBMSCs.

The ${}^{18}$Ne($\ensuremath{\alpha}$,$p$)${}^{21}$Na reaction is thought to be one of the key breakout reactions from the hot CNO cycles to the $rp$ process in type I x-ray bursts. In this work, the resonant properties of the compound nucleus ${}^{22}$Mg have been investigated by measuring the resonant elastic scattering of ${}^{21}$Na + $p$. An 89-MeV ${}^{21}$Na radioactive beam delivered from the CNS Radioactive Ion Beam Separator bombarded an 8.8 mg/cm${}^{2}$ thick polyethylene (CH${}_{2}$)${}_{n}$ target. The ${}^{21}$Na beam intensity was about $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}10$${}^{5}$ pps, with a purity of about 70% on target. The recoiled protons were measured at the center-of-mass scattering angles of ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.}\ensuremath{\approx}175.2$${}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$, 152.2${}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$, and 150.5${}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ by three sets of $\ensuremath{\Delta}E$-$E$ telescopes, respectively. The excitation function was obtained with the thick-target method over energies ${E}_{x}{(}^{22}\text{Mg})=5.5$--9.2 MeV. In total, 23 states above the proton-threshold in ${}^{22}$Mg were observed, and their resonant parameters were determined via an $R$-matrix analysis of the excitation functions. We have made several new ${J}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}$ assignments and confirmed some tentative assignments made in previous work. The thermonuclear ${}^{18}$Ne($\ensuremath{\alpha}$,$p$)${}^{21}$Na rate has been recalculated based on our recommended spin-parity assignments. The astrophysical impact of our new rate has been investigated through one-zone postprocessing x-ray burst calculations. We find that the ${}^{18}$Ne($\ensuremath{\alpha}$,$p$)${}^{21}$Na rate significantly affects the peak nuclear energy generation rate, reaction fluxes, and onset temperature of this breakout reaction in these astrophysical phenomena.

Two reactions of 14O(α,p)17F and 18Ne(α,p)21Na provide the pathways for breakout from the hot CNO cycles to the rp-process in type I X-ray bursts. To better determine their astrophysical reaction rates, resonance parameters of the compound nuclei 18Ne and 22Mg have been investigated by the resonant elastic scattering of 17F+p and 21Na+p, respectively. The 17F and 21Na radioactive ion beams were produced at the CNS Radioactive Ion Beam Separator and impinged on the thick proton targets. The excitation functions were obtained with a thick-target method over a wide excitation energy range. The resonance parameters in the compound nuclei 18Ne and 22Mg have been determined through an R-matrix analysis. New reaction rates of these two (α,p) reactions are recalculated. The astrophysical impact for the 18Ne(α,p)21Na reaction has been investigated through one-zone postprocessing X-ray burst calculations.

ENO (essentially nonoscillatory) and weighted ENO (WENO) schemes were designed for high resolution of discontinuities, such as shock waves, while optimized schemes such as the DRP (dispersion–relation–preserving) schemes were optimized for short waves (with respect to the grid spacing Δx, e.g., waves that are 6–8Δx in wavelength) in the wavenumber space. In this paper, we seek to unite the advantages of WENO and optimized schemes through the development of Optimized WENO (OWENO) schemes to tackle shock/broadband acoustic wave interactions and small-scale flow turbulences relative to the grid spacing. OWENO schemes are optimized in two levels. In the first level, optimized schemes are constructed for all candidate stencils by minimizing the error in the wavenumber space. In the second level, these optimized schemes are convexly combined using weights constructed to achieve not only higher order of accuracy but also high resolution for short waves. In addition, a new definition of smoothness indicators is presented for the OWENO schemes. These smoothness indicators are shown to have better resolution for short waves. A third-order OWENO scheme and a seventh-order WENO scheme are compared against each other for performance on the scalar model equation. It has been shown that the OWENO scheme indeed gives much better results in resolving short waves than the WENO scheme while yielding nonoscillatory solutions for discontinuities. Finally the OWENO scheme is extended to the linearized Euler equations to solve two computational aeroacoustics (CAA) benchmark problems to demonstrate its capability.

Ablock implicit lower-uppersymmetric Gauss ‐Seidel(LU-SGS)approximatefactorization schemeisdeveloped and implemented for unstructured grids of arbitrary topology including viscous adaptive Cartesian grids. CPU times and memory requirements for the block LU-SGS (BLU-SGS), the original LU-SGS, and a fully implicit scheme (FIS) with a preconditioned conjugate gradient squared solver for several representative test examples are compared. Computational results showed that the block LU-SGS scheme requires about 20 ‐30% more memory than the original LU-SGS but converges many times faster. The BLU-SGS scheme has a convergence rate competitive to and in many cases faster than the FIS while requiring much less memory.

The 18Ne(alpha, p)Na-21 reaction provides a pathway for breakout from the hot CNO cycles to the rp process in type-l x-ray bursts. To better determine this astrophysical reaction rate, the resonance parameters of the compound nucleus Mg-22 have been investigated by measuring the resonant elastic scattering of Na-21 + p. An 89 MeV Na-21 radioactive ion beam was produced at the CNS Radioactive Ion Beam Separator and bombarded an 8.8 mg/cm(2) thick polyethylene target. The recoiled protons were measured at scattering angles of theta(c.m.) approximate to 175 degrees and 152 degrees by three Delta E-E silicon telescopes. The excitation function was obtained with a thick-target method over energies Ex (Mg-22) = 5.5-9.2 MeV. The resonance parameters have been determined through an R-matrix analysis. For the first time, the J(pi) values for ten states above the a threshold in Mg-22 have been experimentally determined in a single consistent measurement. We have made three new J(pi) assignments and confirmed seven of the ten tentative assignments in the previous work. The Ne-18(alpha, p)Na-21 reaction rate has been recalculated, and the astrophysical impact of our new rate has been investigated through one-zone postprocessing x-ray burst calculations. We find that the Ne-18(alpha, p)Na-21 rate significantly affects the peak nuclear energy generation rate and the onset temperature of this breakout reaction in these phenomena.

The elastic scattering of ${}^{8}$B by a ${}^{\mathrm{nat}}$Pb target was measured at an incident energy of 170.3 MeV. Special care was taken with the limited intensity and broad profile of the secondary beam. The measured angular distribution of the differential cross section shows that the Coulomb-nuclear interference peak (CNIP) is not suppressed in this system, in contrast to what was observed in the scattering of neutron halo nuclei by heavy targets at energies around the Coulomb barrier. Analyses of the angular distribution were performed both in terms of the optical model using a single-folding-type potential and the continuum discretized coupled-channels (CDCC) method, which explicitly takes into account the breakup-channel couplings to the elastic scattering. The overall pattern of the differential cross section is well reproduced by the CDCC calculations. The calculations show that the effect of breakup-channel couplings on the elastic scattering is small in the present case.

We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who failed to achieve diagnostic Western blot criteria for HIV-1 infection until 21 months after her initial presentation. This case highlights the importance of suspecting delayed HIV seroconversion in cases with persistently indeterminant Western blots.

he decay of 53,54Ni, 52,53Co, 51Fe, and 50Mn was investigated via the fragmentation of a 58Ni primary beam with an energy of 68.6 MeV/u. The proton- coincidences of 53Ni -delayed proton emission were observed. Based on the analysis of the proton- coincidence events, it was inferred that the previous assignment of the excitation energy for the isobaric analog state in 53Co may be problematic. The half-lives of these nuclei were obtained, in which the uncertainty of 52Co half-life was reduced by a factor of 3. The half-lives were evaluated and used as inputs of nucleosynthesis calculations of the rapid proton-capture process in an x-ray burst.

A new isotope (265)Bh was produced and identified at the Sector Focus Cyclotron of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou. This experiment was performed via the reaction of an Am-243 target with 168 MeV Mg-26 ions. Identification was made by observation of correlated alpha-particle decays between the new isotope (265)Bh and its (261)Db and Lr-257 daughter nuclei rising a set of rotating-wheels system. A total of 8 correlated decay events of (265)Bh and 4 decay events Of (264)Bh were observed. (265)Bh decays with a 0.94(-0.31)(+0.70) s half-life by emission of a-particles with an average energy of 9.24 +/- 0.05 MeV. The half-life and a decay energy of (265)Bh from this experiment are in agreement with theoretical predictions.

Earlier experiments have shown that cutting transverse grooves into one surface of a rectangular cross-sectional passage stimulates flow instabilities that greatly enhance heat transfer/pumping power performance of air flows in the Reynolds number range 1000 < Re < 5000. In the current work, heat transfer, pressure, and velocity measurements in a flat passage downstream from a grooved region are used to study how the flow recovers once it is disturbed. The time-averaged and unsteady velocity profiles, as well as the heat transfer coefficient, are dramatically affected for up to 20 hydraulic diameters past the end of the grooved section. The recovery lengths for shear stress and pressure gradient are significantly shorter and decrease rapidly for Reynolds numbers greater than Re = 3000. As a result, a 5.4-hydraulic-diameter-long recovery region requires 44 percent less pumping power for a given heat transfer level than if grooving continued.

Astrophysical 18Ne(α,p)21Na reaction is one of the most probable breakout routes, which lead to the rp-process from the hot-CNO cycle, converting the initial CNO elements into heavier elements in Type I x-ray bursters. Presently, there is no much experimental cross-section data reported at the energy of astrophysical interest, and resonant spectroscopic information in compound 22Mg is scarce as well. The experiment has been carried out by using the CNS radioactive ion beam separator (CRIB). Resonant properties in 22Mg have been studied via the resonant elastic scattering of 21Na+p, and cross section of the time-reversal reaction of 21Na(p,α)18Ne been measured simultaneously. A wide excitation energy region up to Ex ∼ 9.5 MeV in 22Mg has been scanned with a thick-target method. Some preliminary results will be reported.

Two‐proton emissions from the excited states of 17,18Ne and 28,29S were investigated by the radioactive beams bombarding on the 197Au target via the Coulomb excitation. The complete‐kinematics measurements were actualized by the stacks of silicon‐strip detectors and CsI+PIN array detectors. The invariant mass of final systems as well as the relative momentum, opening angle, and relative energy of the two emitted protons were reconstructed under the framework of relativistic kinematics. The mechanisms of two‐proton emission were analyzed in a simple schematic model. With the help of Monte‐Carlo simulations, the two protons emitted from the 6.15 MeV excited state of 18Ne and the excited states around 10 MeV of 29S, respectively, exhibit prominent features of 2He decay. While for the other states, no obvious diproton emissions were observed.

The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in the past decades. It is unknown whether expression of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) in neonatal leucocytes is correlated to IgE production and/or allergic diseases.This study investigated the association of miRNA expression in neonatal leucocytes with cord blood IgE (CBIgE) elevation and development of allergic disease.We screened for the expression of a panel of 157 miRNAs in mononuclear leucocytes from human umbilical cord blood (CB) samples with elevated CBIgE and tracked the association of down-regulated miRNA expression to the miRNA-targeted gene expression and to children with allergic rhinitis (AR).Among the initial screen of 10 CB samples with elevated CBIgE, expression of eight of the 157 miRNAs was low. Of these eight down-expressed miRNAs, three remained down-regulation in a validation with other 20 CB samples, and two of the three miRNAs, miR-21 and miR-126, were significantly lower in monocytes from AR children. Further analysis of mRNA expression of the miR-21-targeted genes identified that TGFBR2 expression on monocytes was significantly up-regulated in CB with elevated CBIgE, and in AR patients. Transfection of miR-21 precursor into monocytes from patients with AR increased miR-21 expression and decreased TGFBR2 expression.This study demonstrated the first in the literature that lower miR-21 expression in CB and increased TGFBR2 expression is associated with antenatal IgE production and development of AR.

The experiments of two‐proton emission from 29S and 17Ne excited levels were performed at HIRFL‐RIBLL facility of Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou. Complete kinematics measurements were achieved by the detectors of silicon strip and CsI+PIN array after the 197Au target. The preliminary results show the strong correlation of two protons according to the spectrum of correlated proton‐proton energies in the laboratory reference frame.

In the present work, the effect of passive flow destabilization on augmenting the heat transfer/pumping power performance of a rectangular channel is studied experimentally. The goal is to determine how shear layers that span transverse grooves on one wall trigger flow instabilities and effect heat transfer from the opposite surface. This technical note addresses the potential effectiveness of destabilization in gas flows. Pressure drop measurements are made to allow comparisons of different passage configurations on an equal pumping power basis, and measurements are made in the fully developed as well as developing thermal regimes.

Experiments on heat transfer augmentation in a rectangular cross-section water channel are reported. The channel geometry is designed to excite normally damped Tollmien-Schlichting modes in order to enhance mixing. In this experiment, a hydrodynamically fully developed flow encounters a test section where one channel boundary is a series of periodic, saw-tooth, transverse grooves. Free shear layers span the groove openings, separating the main channel flow from the recirculating vortices contained within each cavity. The periodicity length of the grooves is equal to one-half of the expected wavelength of the most unstable mode. The remaining channel walls are flat, and the channel has an aspect ratio of 10:1. Experiments are performed over the Reynolds number range of 300 to 15,000. Streakline flow visualization shows that the flow is steady at the entrance, but becomes oscillatory downstream of an onset location. This location moves upstream with increasing Reynolds numbers. Initially formed traveling waves are two dimensional with a wavelength equal to the predicted most unstable Tollmien-Schlichting mode. Waves become three dimensional with increasing Reynolds number and distance from onset. Some evidence of wave motion persists into the turbulent flow regime. Heat transfer measurements along the smooth channel boundary opposite the grooved wall show augmentation (65 percent) over the equivalent flat channel in the Reynolds number range 1200 to 4800. The degree of enhancement obtained is shown to depend on the channel Reynolds number, and increases with the distance from the onset location.

An internal and an external target experiment, ETE and HPLUS, respectively, will be built at the HIRFL‐CSRm complex covering various nuclear physics programs. This talk introduces briefly the conceptual designs and the main physical interests of these two experiments. Parallel R&D works for the sub‐detectors of ETE and HPLUS have been started. The current status is documented.

A new method for determination of imidacloprid and damanlin by using HPLC was established. It was carried out on a mu Bondapak C18 column (3.9 mm i.d. x 300 mm) with ACN-MeOH-H2O (60:10:30, V/V) as eluent and detected at 240 nm using photodiode array detector. The results of imidacloprid and damanlin were 3.71% and 15.65% respectively. The standard deviations for imidacloprid and damanlin were 0.88% and 0.76% respectively.

Extracorporeal shock-wave (ESW) treatment has been shown to be effective in promoting the healing of fractures. We aimed to determine whether ESW could enhance the growth of bone-marrow osteoprogenitor cells. We applied ESW to the left femur of rats 10 mm above the knee at 0.16 mJ/mm2 in a range of between 250 and 2000 impulses. Bone-marrow cells were harvested after ESW for one day and subjected to assessment of colony-forming unit (CFU) granulocytes, monocytes, erythocytes, megakaryocytes (CFU-Mix), CFU-stromal cells (CFU-S) and CFU-osteoprogenitors (CFU-O). We found that the mean value for the CFU-O colonies after treatment with 500 impulses of ESW was 168.2 CFU-O/well (SEM 11.3) compared with 88.2 CFU-O/well (SEM 7.2) in the control group. By contrast, ESW treatment did not affect haematopoiesis as shown by the CFU-Mix (p = 0.557). Treatment with 250 and 500 impulses promoted CFU-O, but not CFU-Mix formations whereas treatment with more than 750 impulses had an inhibiting effect. Treatment with 500 impulses also enhanced the activity of bone alkaline phosphatase in the subculture of CFU-O (p0.01), indicating a selective promotion of growth of osteoprogenitor cells. Similarly, formation of bone nodules in the long-term culture of bone-marrow osteoprogenitor cells was also significantly enhanced by ESW treatment with 500 impulses. The mean production of TGF-beta1 was 610 pg/ml (SEM 84.6) in culture supernatants from ESW-treated rats compared with 283 pg/ml (SEM 36.8) in the control group. Our findings suggest that optimal treatment with ESW could enhance rat bone-marrow stromal growth and differentiation towards osteoprogenitors presumably by induction of TGF-beta1.

Antibody-dependent enhancement has been implicated in some outbreaks of epidemic dengue hemorrhagic fever, however, the mechanism of antibody-dependent enhancement is not well known. This study was conducted to investigate the cross-protection and cross-enhancement of dengue-2 virus infections by dengue-1 immune sera. It was found that dengue-1 immune sera at 1:5 dilution (n = 12) could neutralize dengue-2 infections in BHK-21 cells, as assessed by a standard plaque-reduction neutralization assay. Two-thirds of the dengue-1 immune sera at 1:25 dilution demonstrated neutralizing effects for dengue-2 infections, whereas, non-immune sera revealed no neutralization for dengue-2 infections in BHK-21 cells. Human mononuclear leukocytes in response to dengue-2 infections elicited a T cell helper 1 (Th1) response revealing induction of IFNgamma but not IL-4 production. Dengue-1 immune sera did not neutralize dengue-2 infections in mononuclear leukocytes. Subneutralizing titers of dengue-1 immune sera at 1:250, but not at 1:10 dilution, enhanced dengue-2 infections in mononuclear leukocytes (1.2 +/- 0.7 x 10(4) vs. 2.8 +/- 0.3 x 10(2) PFU/ml). The enhancement of dengue-2 infections in mononuclear leukocytes by dengue-1 immune sera at 1:250 was associated with an increase in the lymphocyte proliferation index, and a decrease in IFNgamma production (56 +/- 24 vs. 12 +/- 3 pg/ml). The addition of IFNgamma (0.1 microg/ml) suppressed significantly the antibody-dependent enhancement induced by dengue-1 immune sera, whereas the presence of anti-IFNgamma F(ab)2 antibody augmented the antibody-dependent enhancement effect. Results from this study suggest that suppression of Th1 response may be involved in the antibody-dependent enhancement of heterotypic dengue infections. Better regulation of Th1/Th2 reactions may be useful for prevention of heterotypic immune enhancement of dengue infections.

The cardiac and vascular components of the baroreceptor reflex in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) were compared against their counterparts in normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY). SHR, SHRSP and WKY of 12-16 weeks old were chronically instrumented for intra-arterial recording of blood pressure. Intravenous injections of phenylephrine and nitroprusside were used to challenge their baroreflex. The products of blood pressure change and the half time required for the pressure to return to the control value were used as the quantitative estimation of the blood pressure stabilizing capability. The cardiac component of the baroreflex was obtained from the change in the blood pressure stabilizing capability after blockade of beta and muscarinic receptors by atenolol and atropine, respectively. The vascular component was obtained by subtracting the cardiac component from the total stabilizing capability which was the difference after blockade with a ganglionic transmission blocker, hexamethonium. We found the cardiac component of the baroreflex of the hypertensive rats was significantly less sensitive than that of the WKY. In contrast, the vascular component of the baroreflex of the three strains did not differ significantly. Therefore, we concluded that the 12-16 week old SHRs were able to maintain a stable blood pressure due to the intact vascular component of the baroreflex.

Modulation of protein phosphorylation activities by insulin was investigated in glioma and normal glial cells. Insulin suppressed the in vitro protein phosphorylation of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner while it stimulated that of meningiomas, neurilemmomas and glial cells. Although gliomas and glial cells contained different species of tyrosyl phosphoproteins before treatment, they expressed similar kinds of tyrosyl phosphoproteins in response to insulin. Insulin increased the activities of casein kinase II and total protein kinase C (PKC) in glioma and normal glial cells. The membrane-bound PKC activity in U373-MG cells was elevated by insulin. The PKC isozymes, including subtypes alpha, beta, delta, epsilon and gamma, were detected in gliomas, but few were found in glial cells. Insulin down regulated the cytosolic PKC-gamma and the membrane-bound PKC-epsilon proteins in gliomas. These results indicate that an altered insulin signaling pathway exists in human gliomas, which might involve differential regulation of PKC isozymes.

Angular distributions for the elastic scattering of 7Be and 8B by an enriched 208Pb target were measured at the Radioactive Ion Beam Line at Lanzhou (RIBLL). The incident energies of the radioactive beams were about three times the respective Coulomb barriers. A suppressed Coulomb-nuclear Interference Peak (CNIP) is not observed for 8B, a pronounced proton halo nucleus. Optical model fits were performed using Woods-Saxon potentials and the total reaction cross sections deduced. The results are discussed.

A modified cloning procedure was used to obtain large DNA insertions (20 to 30 kb) from Pseudomonas putida NCIB 9816 that expressed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) transformation activity in Escherichia coli HB101. Four subclones (16 [in both orientations], 12, and 8.5 kb in size) were constructed from the initial clones. Naphthalene, fluorene, and phenanthrene transformations were investigated in these eight NCIB 9816 clones by a simple agar plate assay method, which was developed to detect and identify potential PAH metabolites. Results indicated that the necessary genes encoding the initial ring fission of the three PAHs in E. coli cells are located in an 8.5-kb EcoRI-XhoI portion, but the lower-pathway genes are not present in a 38-kb neighborhood region. These NCIB 9816 clones could transform naphthalene and phenanthrene to salicylic acid and 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, respectively. With the same clones, fluorene was degraded to 9-hydroxyfluorene, 9-fluorenone, and two unidentified compounds. Genetic similarity between the NAH7 upper-pathway genes and the cloned NCIB 9816 genes was confirmed by Southern blot DNA-DNA hybridization. In spite of this genetic similarity, the abilities of the two clusters to transform multiple PAHs were different. Under our experimental conditions, only the metabolites from naphthalene transformation by the NAH7 clone (pE317) were detected, whereas the NCIB 9816 clones produced metabolites from all three PAHs.