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473 results on '"R. Houghton"'

1. EU-FP7-iMARS: ANALYSIS OF MARS MULTI-RESOLUTION IMAGES USING AUTO-COREGISTRATION, DATA MINING AND CROWD SOURCE TECHNIQUES: PROCESSED RESULTS – A FIRST LOOK

Author

J.-P. Muller, Y. Tao, P. Sidiropoulos, K. Gwinner, K. Willner, L. Fanara, M. Waehlisch, S. van Gasselt, S. Walter, R. Steikert, B. Schreiner, A. Ivanov, F. Cantini, J. Wardlaw, J. Morley, J. Sprinks, M. Giordano, S. Marsh, J. Kim, R. Houghton, and S. Bamford

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Understanding planetary atmosphere-surface exchange and extra-terrestrial-surface formation processes within our Solar System is one of the fundamental goals of planetary science research. There has been a revolution in planetary surface observations over the last 15 years, especially in 3D imaging of surface shape. This has led to the ability to overlay image data and derived information from different epochs, back in time to the mid 1970s, to examine changes through time, such as the recent discovery of mass movement, tracking inter-year seasonal changes and looking for occurrences of fresh craters. Within the EU FP-7 iMars project, we have developed a fully automated multi-resolution DTM processing chain, called the Coregistration ASP-Gotcha Optimised (CASP-GO), based on the open source NASA Ames Stereo Pipeline (ASP) [Tao et al., this conference], which is being applied to the production of planetwide DTMs and ORIs (OrthoRectified Images) from CTX and HiRISE. Alongside the production of individual strip CTX & HiRISE DTMs & ORIs, DLR [Gwinner et al., 2015] have processed HRSC mosaics of ORIs and DTMs for complete areas in a consistent manner using photogrammetric bundle block adjustment techniques. A novel automated co-registration and orthorectification chain has been developed by [Sidiropoulos & Muller, this conference]. Using the HRSC map products (both mosaics and orbital strips) as a map-base it is being applied to many of the 400,000 level-1 EDR images taken by the 4 NASA orbital cameras. In particular, the NASA Viking Orbiter camera (VO), Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC), Context Camera (CTX) as well as the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) back to 1976. A webGIS has been developed [van Gasselt et al., this conference] for displaying this time sequence of imagery and will be demonstrated showing an example from one of the HRSC quadrangle map-sheets. Automated quality control [Sidiropoulos & Muller, 2015] techniques are applied to screen for suitable images and these are extended to detect temporal changes in features on the surface such as mass movements, streaks, spiders, impact craters, CO2 geysers and Swiss Cheese terrain. For result verification these data mining techniques are then being employed within a citizen science project within the Zooniverse family. Examples of data mining and its verification will be presented.

Published
2016
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2. Audit of the global carbon budget: estimate errors and their impact on uptake uncertainty

Author

A. P. Ballantyne, R. Andres, R. Houghton, B. D. Stocker, R. Wanninkhof, W. Anderegg, L. A. Cooper, M. DeGrandpre, P. P. Tans, J. B. Miller, C. Alden, and J. W. C. White

Subjects
Ecology, QH540-549.5, Life, QH501-531, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Over the last 5 decades monitoring systems have been developed to detect changes in the accumulation of carbon (C) in the atmosphere and ocean; however, our ability to detect changes in the behavior of the global C cycle is still hindered by measurement and estimate errors. Here we present a rigorous and flexible framework for assessing the temporal and spatial components of estimate errors and their impact on uncertainty in net C uptake by the biosphere. We present a novel approach for incorporating temporally correlated random error into the error structure of emission estimates. Based on this approach, we conclude that the 2σ uncertainties of the atmospheric growth rate have decreased from 1.2 Pg C yr−1 in the 1960s to 0.3 Pg C yr−1 in the 2000s due to an expansion of the atmospheric observation network. The 2σ uncertainties in fossil fuel emissions have increased from 0.3 Pg C yr−1 in the 1960s to almost 1.0 Pg C yr−1 during the 2000s due to differences in national reporting errors and differences in energy inventories. Lastly, while land use emissions have remained fairly constant, their errors still remain high and thus their global C uptake uncertainty is not trivial. Currently, the absolute errors in fossil fuel emissions rival the total emissions from land use, highlighting the extent to which fossil fuels dominate the global C budget. Because errors in the atmospheric growth rate have decreased faster than errors in total emissions have increased, a ~20% reduction in the overall uncertainty of net C global uptake has occurred. Given all the major sources of error in the global C budget that we could identify, we are 93% confident that terrestrial C uptake has increased and 97% confident that ocean C uptake has increased over the last 5 decades. Thus, it is clear that arguably one of the most vital ecosystem services currently provided by the biosphere is the continued removal of approximately half of atmospheric CO2 emissions from the atmosphere, although there are certain environmental costs associated with this service, such as the acidification of ocean waters.

Published
2015
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3. Assessing the potential of acoustic telemetry to underpin the regional management of basking sharks (Cetorhinus maximus)

Author

James Thorburn, Patrick C. Collins, Amy Garbett, Heather Vance, Natasha Phillips, Alan Drumm, Joseph Cooney, Catherine Waters, Niall Ó’Maoiléidigh, Emmett Johnston, Haley R. Dolton, Simon Berrow, Graham Hall, Jackie Hall, Diego Delvillar, Ross McGill, Fred Whoriskey, Nann A. Fangue, Alexandra G. McInturf, Andrew L. Rypel, Richard Kennedy, Jessie Lilly, Jessica R. Rodger, Colin E. Adams, Nienke C. F. van Geel, Denise Risch, Lorna Wilkie, Suzanne Henderson, Paul A. Mayo, Paul J. Mensink, Matthew J. Witt, Lucy A. Hawkes, A. Peter Klimley, and Jonathan D. R. Houghton

Subjects
Spatial ecology, Highly mobile species, Multi-species array, Elasmobranchs, Regional monitoring, Conservation, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Animal biochemistry, QP501-801
Abstract

Abstract Acoustic telemetry can provide valuable space-use data for a range of marine species. Yet the deployment of species-specific arrays over vast areas to gather data on highly migratory vertebrates poses formidable challenges, often rendering it impractical. To address this issue, we pioneered the use of acoustic telemetry on basking sharks (Cetorhinus maximus) to test the feasibility of using broadscale, multi-project acoustic receiver arrays to track the movements of this species of high conservation concern through the coastal waters of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. Throughout 2021 and 2022, we tagged 35 basking sharks with acoustic transmitters off the west coast of Ireland; 27 of these were detected by 96 receiver stations throughout the study area (n = 9 arrays) with up to 216 detections of an individual shark (mean = 84, s.d. 65). On average, sharks spent ~ 1 day at each acoustic array, with discrete residency periods of up to nine days. Twenty-one sharks were detected at multiple arrays with evidence of inter-annual site fidelity, with the same individuals returning to the same locations in Ireland and Scotland over 2 years. Eight pairs of sharks were detected within 24 h of each other at consecutive arrays, suggesting some level of social coordination and synchronised movement. These findings demonstrate how multi-project acoustic telemetry can support international, cost-effective monitoring of basking sharks and other highly mobile species. Decision support tools such as these can consolidate cross-border management strategies, but to achieve this goal, collaborative efforts across jurisdictions are necessary to establish the required infrastructure and secure ongoing support.

Published
2024
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4. Comparability of Outputs between Traditional and Simulation-Based Approaches to Collision Risk Modelling

Author

Nicholas Horne, Pál Schmitt, Ross Culloch, Ben Wilson, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Andrew Dale, and Louise Kregting

Subjects
collision risk model, environmental impacts, tidal turbines, marine energy, Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering, VM1-989, Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract

Tidal stream energy is a predictable renewable energy source; however, environmental consent of developments remains a key barrier to the expansion of this industry. Uncertainty around collision risk, i.e., the risk of animals colliding with a tidal device, remains a major barrier to consent. Collision risk models are used in environmental impact assessments. Common collision risk models, like the Encounter Rate and Band Models, have limitations in accommodating new device designs and flexibility. To address this, a simulation-based approach was developed. To provide confidence in its use, it is important that the simulation-based approach is compared against the Band model and the Encounter rate model, which have been regularly used in the UK. Here, we compared collision risk estimates from the three models under the same exact conditions and one alternative condition. The results of the main scenario (where all conditions were the same) showed that the three models produced comparable results with

Published
2023
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5. A general swimming response in exhausted obligate swimming fish

Author

G. Iosilevskii, J. D. Kong, C. G. Meyer, Y. Y. Watanabe, Y. P. Papastamatiou, M. A. Royer, I. Nakamura, K. Sato, T. K. Doyle, L. Harman, J. D. R. Houghton, A. Barnett, J. M. Semmens, N. Ó. Maoiléidigh, A. Drumm, R. O'Neill, D. M. Coffey, and N. L. Payne

Subjects
biologging, elasmobranch, energetics, Science
Abstract

Marine organisms normally swim at elevated speeds relative to cruising speeds only during strenuous activity, such as predation or escape. We measured swimming speeds of 29 ram ventilating sharks from 10 species and of three Atlantic bluefin tunas immediately after exhaustive exercise (fighting a capture by hook-and-line) and unexpectedly found all individuals exhibited a uniform mechanical response, with swimming speed initially two times higher than the cruising speeds reached approximately 6 h later. We hypothesized that elevated swimming behaviour is a means to increase energetic demand and drive the removal of lactate accumulated during capture via oxidation. To explore this hypothesis, we estimated the mechanical work that must have been spent by an animal to elevate its swim speed and then showed that the amount of lactate that could have been oxidized to fuel it comprises a significant portion of the amount of lactate normally observed in fishes after exhaustive exercise. An estimate for the full energetic cost of the catch-and-release event ensued.

Published
2022
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6. Providing a detailed estimate of mortality using a simulation-based collision risk model.

Author

Nicholas Horne, Ross M Culloch, Pál Schmitt, Ben Wilson, Andrew C Dale, Jonathan D R Houghton, and Louise T Kregting

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Marine renewables could form a significant part of the green energy mix. However, a potential environmental impact of tidal energy converters (TECs) is collision risk between a device and animal, which has been a significant barrier in the consenting process. While it is important to understand the number of collisions of an animal with the device, the relative speed at which an animal collides with the device, and the point on the animal where collision occurs, will determine whether a collision is fatal, which is important in understanding population-level impacts. Using a simulation-based collision risk model, this paper demonstrates a novel method for producing estimates of mortality. Extracting both the speed and the location of collisions between an animal and TEC, in this instance a seal and horizontal axis turbine, collision speed and location of collision are used to produce probabilities of mortality. To provide a hypothetical example we quantified the speed and position at which a collision occurs to estimate mortality and, using collision position, we determine all predicted collisions with the head of the animal as fatal, for example, whilst deeming other collisions non-fatal. This is the first collision risk model to incorporate speed at the point of contact and the location where the collision occurs on the animal, to estimate the probability of mortality resulting from a collision. The hypothetical scenarios outline how these important variables extracted from the model can be used to predict the proportion of fatal events. This model enables a comprehensive approach that ultimately provides advancements in collision risk modelling for use in the consenting process of TECs. Furthermore, these methods can easily be adapted to other renewable energy devices and receptors, such as wind and birds.

Published
2022
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7. Effects of surfactant head group modification on vertically oriented mesoporous silica produced by the electrochemically assisted surfactant assembly method

Author

Nabil A. N. Mohamed, Yisong Han, Sarah Harcourt-Vernon, Andrew L. Hector, Anthony R. Houghton, Gillian Reid, Daryl R. Williams, and Wenjian Zhang

Subjects
General Engineering, General Materials Science, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

Production of mesoporous silica films with vertically oriented pores has been a challenge since interest in such systems developed in the 1990s. Vertical orientation can be achieved by the electrochemically assisted surfactant assembly (EASA) method using cationic surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16TAB). The synthesis of porous silicas using a series of surfactants with increasing head sizes is described, from octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C18TAB) to octadecyltriethylammonium bromide (C18TEAB). These increase pore size, but the degree of hexagonal order in the vertically aligned pores reduces as the number of ethyl groups increases. Pore accessibility is also reduced with the larger head groups.

Published
2023

8. The Use of Animal-Borne Biologging and Telemetry Data to Quantify Spatial Overlap of Wildlife with Marine Renewables

Author

Natalie Isaksson, Ian R. Cleasby, Ellie Owen, Benjamin J. Williamson, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Jared Wilson, and Elizabeth A. Masden

Subjects
tidal turbines, marine planning, seabirds, GPS, TDR, utilization distributions, Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering, VM1-989, Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract

The growth of the marine renewable energy sector requires the potential effects on marine wildlife to be considered carefully. For this purpose, utilization distributions derived from animal-borne biologging and telemetry data provide accurate information on individual space use. The degree of spatial overlap between potentially vulnerable wildlife such as seabirds and development areas can subsequently be quantified and incorporated into impact assessments and siting decisions. While rich in information, processing and analyses of animal-borne tracking data are often not trivial. There is therefore a need for straightforward and reproducible workflows for this technique to be useful to marine renewables stakeholders. The aim of this study was to develop an analysis workflow to extract utilization distributions from animal-borne biologging and telemetry data explicitly for use in assessment of animal spatial overlap with marine renewable energy development areas. We applied the method to European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in relation to tidal stream turbines. While shag occurrence in the tidal development area was high (99.4%), there was no overlap (0.14%) with the smaller tidal lease sites within the development area. The method can be applied to any animal-borne bio-tracking datasets and is relevant to stakeholders aiming to quantify environmental effects of marine renewables.

Published
2021
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9. SOME FEATURES OF CHANGING THE ACADEMIC LANDSCAPE OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

Author

R. Houghton and N. Usmanova

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION
Abstract

Higher education around the world is evolving, while modern teaching and learning approaches leverage innovations brought to the education environment by technologies, creating new challenges for the higher education, emphasizing the professional role of the specialists and changing demand for new qualifications. The changes concern not only the infrastructure of higher education, but also the ways of managing this system. At the same time, on the part of the student, the ability for cognitive adaptation is required - the ability to constantly learn new things and apply existing knowledge in new conditions. Some significant aspects of these changes are considered in this paper.

Published
2022
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10. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses

Author

Eun Young Kang, Dane Cheasley, Cecile LePage, Matthew J. Wakefield, Michelle da Cunha Torres, Simone Rowley, Carolina Salazar, Zhongyue Xing, Prue Allan, David D.L. Bowtell, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, Diane M. Provencher, Kurosh Rahimi, Linda E. Kelemen, Peter A. Fasching, Jennifer A. Doherty, Marc T. Goodman, Ellen L. Goode, Suha Deen, Paul D.P. Pharoah, James D. Brenton, Weiva Sieh, Constantina Mateoiu, Karin Sundfeldt, Linda S. Cook, Nhu D. Le, Michael S. Anglesio, C. Blake Gilks, David G. Huntsman, Catherine J. Kennedy, Nadia Traficante, D. Bowtell, G. Chenevix-Trench, A. Green, P. Webb, A. DeFazio, D. Gertig, N. Traficante, S. Fereday, S. Moore, J. Hung, K. Harrap, T. Sadkowsky, N. Pandeya, M. Malt, A. Mellon, R. Robertson, T. Vanden Bergh, M. Jones, P. Mackenzie, J. Maidens, K. Nattress, Y.E. Chiew, A. Stenlake, H. Sullivan, B. Alexander, P. Ashover, S. Brown, T. Corrish, L. Green, L. Jackman, K. Ferguson, K. Martin, A. Martyn, B. Ranieri, J. White, V. Jayde, P. Mamers, L. Bowes, L. Galletta, D. Giles, J. Hendley, K. Alsop, T. Schmidt, H. Shirley, C. Ball, C. Young, S. Viduka, Hoa Tran, Sanela Bilic, Lydia Glavinas, Julia Brooks, R. Stuart-Harris, F. Kirsten, J. Rutovitz, P. Clingan, A. Glasgow, A. Proietto, S. Braye, G. Otton, J. Shannon, T. Bonaventura, J. Stewart, S. Begbie, M. Friedlander, D. Bell, S. Baron-Hay, A. Ferrier, G. Gard, D. Nevell, N. Pavlakis, S. Valmadre, B. Young, C. Camaris, R. Crouch, L. Edwards, N. Hacker, D. Marsden, G. Robertson, P. Beale, J. Beith, J. Carter, C. Dalrymple, R. Houghton, P. Russell, M. Links, J. Grygiel, J. Hill, A. Brand, K. Byth, R. Jaworski, P. Harnett, R. Sharma, G. Wain, B. Ward, D. Papadimos, A. Crandon, M. Cummings, K. Horwood, A. Obermair, L. Perrin, D. Wyld, J. Nicklin, M. Davy, M.K. Oehler, C. Hall, T. Dodd, T. Healy, K. Pittman, D. Henderson, J. Miller, J. Pierdes, P. Blomfield, D. Challis, R. McIntosh, A. Parker, B. Brown, R. Rome, D. Allen, P. Grant, S. Hyde, R. Laurie, M. Robbie, D. Healy, T. Jobling, T. Manolitsas, J. McNealage, P. Rogers, B. Susil, E. Sumithran, I. Simpson, K. Phillips, D. Rischin, S. Fox, D. Johnson, S. Lade, M. Loughrey, N. O'Callaghan, W. Murray, P. Waring, V. Billson, J. Pyman, D. Neesham, M. Quinn, C. Underhill, R. Bell, L.F. Ng, R. Blum, V. Ganju, I. Hammond, Y. Leung, A. McCartney, M. Buck, I. Haviv, D. Purdie, D. Whiteman, N. Zeps, Anna DeFazio, Scott Kaufmann, Michael Churchman, Charlie Gourley, Andrew N. Stephens, Nicola S. Meagher, Susan J. Ramus, Yoland C. Antill, Ian Campbell, Clare L. Scott, Martin Köbel, Kylie L. Gorringe, Georgina L. Ryland, Prue E. Allan, Kathryn Alsop, Sumitra Ananda, George Au-Yeung, Maret Böhm, Alison Brand, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Michael Christie, Yoke-Eng Chiew, Rhiannon Dudley, Nicole Fairweather, Sian Fereday, Stephen B. Fox, Neville F. Hacker, Alison M. Hadley, Joy Hendley, Gwo-Yaw Ho, Sally M. Hunter, Tom W. Jobling, Kimberly R. Kalli, Scott H. Kaufmann, Cecile Le Page, Orla M. McNally, Jessica N. McAlpine, Linda Mileshkin, Jan Pyman, Goli Samimi, Ragwha Sharma, and Ian G. Campbell

Subjects
Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, endocrine system diseases, Concordance, DNA Mutational Analysis, Tp53 mutation, Risk Assessment, Article, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Ovarian tumor, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Risk of mortality, Humans, neoplasms, Observer Variation, Ovarian Neoplasms, Tissue microarray, business.industry, Australia, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Immunohistochemistry, United Kingdom, 030104 developmental biology, Tissue Array Analysis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, North America, Cohort, Ovarian carcinomas, Female, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous, business
Abstract

TP53 mutations are implicated in the progression of mucinous borderline tumors (MBOT) to mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOC). Optimized immunohistochemistry (IHC) for TP53 has been established as a proxy for the TP53 mutation status in other ovarian tumor types. We aimed to confirm the ability of TP53 IHC to predict TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors and to evaluate the association of TP53 mutation status with survival among patients with MBOT and MOC. Tumor tissue from an initial cohort of 113 women with MBOT/MOC was stained with optimized IHC for TP53 using tissue microarrays (75.2%) or full sections (24.8%) and interpreted using established criteria as normal or abnormal (overexpression, complete absence, or cytoplasmic). Cases were considered concordant if abnormal IHC staining predicted deleterious TP53 mutations. Discordant tissue microarray cases were re-evaluated on full sections and interpretational criteria were refined. The initial cohort was expanded to a total of 165 MBOT and 424 MOC for the examination of the association of survival with TP53 mutation status, assessed either by TP53 IHC and/or sequencing. Initially, 82/113 (72.6%) cases were concordant using the established criteria. Refined criteria for overexpression to account for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation improved concordance to 93.8% (106/113). In the expanded cohort, 19.4% (32/165) of MBOT showed evidence for TP53 mutation and this was associated with a higher risk of recurrence, disease-specific death, and all-cause mortality (overall survival: HR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-14.3, p = 0.0087). Within MOC, 61.1% (259/424) harbored a TP53 mutation, but this was not associated with survival (overall survival, p = 0.77). TP53 IHC is an accurate proxy for TP53 mutation status with refined interpretation criteria accounting for intratumoral heterogeneity and terminal differentiation in ovarian mucinous tumors. TP53 mutation status is an important biomarker to identify MBOT with a higher risk of mortality.

Published
2021
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11. Increasing the diameter of vertically aligned, hexagonally ordered pores in mesoporous silica thin films

Author

Nabil A. N. Mohamed, Yisong Han, Andrew L. Hector, Anthony R. Houghton, Elwin Hunter-Sellars, Gillian Reid, Daryl R. Williams, and Wenjian Zhang

Subjects
Electrochemistry, General Materials Science, Surfaces and Interfaces, Condensed Matter Physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract

The variation in pore size in mesoporous films produced by electrochemically assisted surfactant assembly (EASA) with surfactant chain length is described. EASA produces a hexagonal array of pores perpendicular to the substrate surface by using an applied potential to organize cationic surfactants and the resultant current to drive condensation in a silica sol. Here we show that a range of pore sizes between 2 and 5 nm diameter is available with surfactants of the form [Me3NCnH2n+1]Br, with alkyl chain lengths between C14 and C24. Film quality, pore order, pore size and pore accessibility are probed with a range of techniques.

Published
2022

12. Cool runnings: behavioural plasticity and the realised thermal niche of basking sharks

Author

E. M. Johnston, J. D. R. Houghton, P. A. Mayo, G. K. F. Hatten, A. P. Klimley, and P. J. Mensink

Subjects
SDG 14 - Life Below Water, Aquatic Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Long-distance migrations by marine vertebrates are often triggered by pronounced environmental cues. For the endangered basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus), seasonal changes in water temperature are frequently proposed as a cue for aggregation within (and dispersal from) coastal hotspots. The inference is that such movements reflect year-round occupancy within a given thermal ‘envelope’. However, the marked variance in timing, direction and depth of dispersal movements hint at a more nuanced explanation for basking sharks. Here, using data from pop-off archival transmitters deployed on individuals in Irish waters, we explored whether autumnal decreases in water temperature triggered departure from coastal habitats and how depth and location shaped the sharks’ realised thermal environment over time. Temperature was not an apparent driver of dispersal from coastal seas, and variance in daily temperature ranges reflected occupancy of different habitats; coastal mixed/stratified and offshore subtropical/tropical waters. Furthermore, individuals that moved offshore and into more southern latitudes off Africa, exhibited a distinct daily cycle of deep dives (00:00–12:00, 200 m–700 m; 12:00–00:00, 0–300 m), experiencing a more extreme range of temperatures (6.8–27.4 °C), including cooler minimum temperatures, than those remaining in European coastal habitat (9.2–17.6 °C). Collectively, these findings challenge the supposition that temperature serves as a universal driver of seasonal dispersal from coastal seas and prompts further studies of deep-water forays in offshore areas.

Published
2022
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13. Short-term behavioural responses of Atlantic bluefin tuna to catch-and-release fishing

Author

Haley R Dolton, Andrew L Jackson, Alan Drumm, Lucy Harding, Niall Ó Maoiléidigh, Hugo Maxwell, Ross O’Neill, Jonathan D R Houghton, and Nicholas L Payne

Subjects
Physiology, Ecological Modeling, SDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Ecological Modelling, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Catch-and-release (C&R) angling is often touted as a sustainable form of ecotourism, yet the fine-scale behaviour and physiological responses of released fish is often unknown, especially for hard-to-study large pelagic species like Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT; Thunnus thunnus). Multi-channel sensors were deployed and recovered from 10 ABFTs in a simulated recreational C&R event off the west coast of Ireland. Data were recorded from 6 to 25 hours, with one ABFT (tuna X) potentially suffering mortality minutes after release. Almost all ABFTs (n = 9, including tuna X) immediately and rapidly (vertical speeds of ~2.0 m s−1) made powered descents and used 50–60% of the available water column within 20 seconds, before commencing near-horizontal swimming ~60 seconds post-release. Dominant tailbeat frequency was ~50% higher in the initial hours post-release and appeared to stabilize at 0.8–1.0 Hz some 5–10 hours post-release. Results also suggest different short-term behavioural responses to noteworthy variations in capture and handling procedures (injury and reduced air exposure events). Our results highlight both the immediate and longer-term effects of C&R on ABFTs and that small variations in C&R protocols can influence physiological and behavioural responses of species like the commercially valuable and historically over-exploited ABFT.

Published
2022
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15. Making Sense of the ECG : Cases for Self Assessment

Author

Andrew R. Houghton and Andrew R. Houghton

Subjects
Electrocardiography--Case studies, Electrocardiography
Abstract

Reading an ECG correctly and working out what to do next is an invaluable skill for any doctor, nurse or paramedic when evaluating the condition of a patient.Making Sense of the ECG: Cases for Self Assessment helps students and more experienced healthcare practitioners to consolidate their knowledge of ECG interpretation through real-life scenarios. The patients'history, examination and initial investigations are presented along with questions on the ECG interpretation, allowing readers to assess their ability to interpret ECGs accurately, perform differential diagnosis and decide upon the most appropriate clinical management in each situation. Detailed explanatory answers respond to the questions posed, as well as providing practical clinical guidance and essential revision support.Key features: Convenient format – ideal for both rapid reference and the presentation of full 12-lead ECG traces throughout Strong clinical emphasis – encourages you to put principles into practice Detailed explanations – aid in-depth learning Learn, revise and test yourself – use regularly to refresh your knowledge and ideal during exam preparation Used alongside the popular textbook Making Sense of the ECG: A Hands-on Guide 6E, or independently, as a vital tool to consolidate knowledge and prepare for clinical practice, this latest edition has been fully updated in line with the latest management guidelines and features a new appendix listing the key diagnosis in each ECG, making it easier to locate topics for revision.

Published
2025

16. The stress and strain of life - how differences in the mechanical properties and cellular composition enable the kelp Laminaria digitata to thrive in different hydrodynamic environments

Author

Rachel V. Millar, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, and Louise Kregting

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Extensibility, Kelp, Intertidal zone, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Breakage, Macroalgae, Currents, Ecosystem, Cellular composition, biology, Chemistry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Stress–strain curve, General Medicine, Seaweed, Laminaria digitata, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Kelp forest, Thallus, Hydrodynamics, Biophysics, Waves, Strength, Laminaria, Thickness
Abstract

Sessile organisms such as macroalgae located in the intertidal and shallow subtidal zones are subject to a hydrodynamically diverse environment, controlling the variation of intraspecific morphology and distribution. Kelp forests experience both waves and/or currents, yet, how kelp blade material mechanically differs between these various hydrodynamic environments and what drives the variation in strength and extensibility are not fully understood. Here, the mechanical properties, cellular composition and blade tissue thickness of the meristematic region and distal tips of the kelp Laminaria digitata blades were quantified and compared between seasons and among three hydrodynamic environments: wave dominated, current dominated and a benign hydrodynamic environment. Kelps associated with energetic environments, generally tended to be stronger yet more extensible than those growing in the benign hydrodynamic environment. Higher extensibility was located at the meristematic region whereas tissue was stronger in the distal tip of the blade. Linking both cellular composition and mechanical properties, results suggest enhancement of medulla cells in the meristematic region increases extensibility, potentially protecting the thallus during increased storm activity while growing in a wave/current exposed habitat. Investment in cortex cells towards the tip of the blade suggests an increase in strength of the region, which is susceptible to breakage. However, the lack of variation in the proportion of medulla and cortex cellular layers between distinct hydrodynamic environments revealed that the potential overall strategy for avoiding breakage in energetic hydrodynamic environments is that of investing energy into the increased thickness of blade tissue.

Published
2021
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17. Making Sense of Echocardiography : A Hands-on Guide

Author

Andrew R. Houghton and Andrew R. Houghton

Subjects
Echocardiography
Abstract

Echocardiography is one of the most useful and powerful diagnostic tools in the assessment of cardiac structure and function. It remains a rapidly expanding modality, with new techniques constantly developing and maturing. Building on the success of the second edition, the third edition of Making Sense of Echocardiography: A Hands-on Guide provides a timely overview for those learning echocardiography for the first time as well as an accessible handbook that experienced sonographers can refer to. The strong clinical focus and concentration on real-life scenarios make this book relevant in day-to-day practice. Key updates for this edition include the latest guidelines for the evaluation of diastolic function and pulmonary hypertension, and fully updated reference intervals throughout.Key Features• Covers not only the fundamentals of echocardiography including ultrasound physics, but also new technologies such as 3D echocardiography• Provides a comprehensive approach for the echo trainee and serves as a useful reference for more seasoned echocardiographers• Incorporates current guidelines and reference intervals throughout

Published
2023

18. Institutional factors associated with adherence to enhanced recovery protocols for colorectal surgery: Secondary analysis of a multicenter study

Author

Andres Zorrilla-Vaca, Alexander B. Stone, Javier Ripolles-Melchor, Ane Abad-Motos, Jose M. Ramirez-Rodriguez, Patricia Galan-Menendez, Gabriel E. Mena, Michael C. Grant, Cristina Garcia-Perez, Eva Higuera-Míguelez, José M. Marcos-Vidal, María Merino-García, Ana B. Rubio-López, María E. Pascual-Diez, Francisco J. García-Miguel, Luis R. Cabezudo-Sanjose, Ruth Martínez-Díaz, Sara Alegría-Rebollo, José L. González-Rodríguez, María S. Vega-Cruz, Gema Martínez-Ragüés, Manuel A. Gómez-Ríos, Eva Mosquera-Rodríguez, Sara Del-Río-Regueira, Domingo Bustos-García, María P. Sánchez-Conde, Antonio Rodríguez-Calvo, María A. Hernández-Valero, María Angoso-Clavijo, Luis M. González-Fernández, Miguel A. Bravo-Riaño, María V. Arnes-Muñoz, José R. Perez-Valdivieso, Marta Martin-Vizcaino, Susana Hernandez-Garcia, Francisco J. Yoldi-Murillo, Miguel Salvador-Bravo, Manuela Rubial-Alvarez, Fabiola Oteiza-Martinez, Enrique Balen-Rivera, José A. Garcia-Erce, Ana Zugasti-Murillo, María E. Petrina-Jáuregui, Filadelfo Bustos-Molina, Daniel Paz-Martín, Bárbara Vázquez-Vicente, Lourdes González-López, Conrado Mínguez-Marín, Susana Diz-Jueguen, Jaime Seoane-Antelo, Julio Ballinas-Miranda, Ester Carrera-Dacosta, Erica Barreiro-Domínguez, Alexandra Piñeiro-Teijeiro, Raquel Sanchez-Santos, Marina Varela-Duran, Pilar Diaz-Parada, Aránzazu Calero-Lillo, Manuel Ángel López-Lara, Salvador Muñoz-Collado, Juan Valverde-Sintas, Silvia Aznar-Puig, Daniel Troyano-Escribano, Sandra Marmaña-Mezquita, Jesús Fernanz-Antón, Lucia Catot-Alemany, Jaume Balust, Marta Ubré, Carlos Ferrando-Ortolá, Graciela Martínez-Pallí, Ainitze Ibarzabal, Antonio M. Lacy, Rubén Sánchez-Martín, Karina Martins-Cruz, Paula Pérez-Jiménez, Rubén Casans-Francés, Javier Longás, José M. Ramírez Rodríguez, Ana Mugarra-Llopis, Cristina Crisan, Estefanía Gracia-Ferrándiz, Esther Romero-Vargas, Marina Soro-Domingo, Rita Rodríguez-Jiménez, Blanca Prada-Martin, Henar Muñoz-Hernández, José I. Gómez Herrera, Sara Cocho-Crespo, Sandra Fernández-Caballero, Miguel Flores-Crespo, Andrea Vázquez-Fernández, Carlo Brugiotti, Estefanía Ollé-Sese, Carla R. Houghton-Acuña, Marta López-Doucil, Ernesto A. Tarazona-López, Iván BEL-Marcobal, Sonia González-Cogollor, Manuel Llácer-Pérez, Alberto Arias-Romano, María C. Arrabal-Taborda, Mercedes Caballero-Domínguez, Rafael García-López, Julio Ontoria-Muriel, Antonio Vivó-Blasco, Francisco J. Blanco, Enrique DEL-Cojo-Peces, Jose M. Tena-Guerrero, Aitor Landaluce-Olavarria, Izaskun Badiola, Marta Calvo, Unai DE-Andres, Vicente Portugal-Porras, Bakarne Ugarte-Sierra, Ana Pedregosa-Sanz, Laura Perelló-Cerdà, Yobanys Rodríguez-Téllez, Joanna Grössl-Meleán, Xavier Viñas-Truñén, Enrique Alday-Muñoz, Elena Bermejo-Marcos, Pedro A. Alonso-Casado, Francisco A. Gimeno-Calvo, Ana Rodriguez-Sánchez, Carmen Montes-López, Laura Álvarez-Llano, María J. FAS-Vicent, Juan M. Ortega-Monzó, Gustavo Flores-Flores, José L. Tristancho, Montserrat Bayo-Sans, María C. Deiros-Garcia, María L. GIL-Gómez, Lourdes Parra, Vanesa Tejedor-DE-LA-Fuente, Carlos Jericó-Alba, Núria Borrell-Brau, David Camacho-Martín, Jose L. Ortiz-DE-Zarate, Daniel López-Ruiz, Vicens Rodriguez-Bustamante, M. Martinez-Vilalta, Daniel Amoros-Ruiz, Marc Sadurni-Sarda, Fernando A.L.C.A.L.D.E. Matas, Hernán Giordano, Jose M. Perez Peña, Luis Olmedilla-Arnal, Pilar Benito-SAZ, Elena López-GIL, Adela Ruiz-Ortega, Sara Zapatero-García, Emilio DEL-Valle-García, Víctor Soria-Aledo, Carmen V. Pérez-Guarinos, Enrique Pellicer-Franco, Graciela Valero-Navarro, Mónica Mengual-Ballester, José Andrés García-Marín, Manuel Romero-Simó, Ibán Caravaca-García, Teresa Blasco-Segura, Carlos F. Campo-Betancourth, Rafael David Costa-Navarro, Laura Jordá-Sanz, María I. DE-Miguel-Cabrera, José M. España-Pamplona, Silvia GIL-Trujillo, Francisco J. Redondo-Calvo, Víctor Baladrón-Gónzalez, Remedios Moreno-Ballesteros, José L. Muñoz-Rodes, Elena Miranda, Marta Roselló-Chornet, Lourdes Alós-Zaragoza, Juan Catalá-Bauset, María A. Pallardo-López, Noemí Almenara-Almenara, Lorena Muñoz-Devesa, Benito Alcaide-Pardo, Pablo Gimeno-Fernández, José L. Gómez-Agraz, Carla Iglesias-Morales, Paola B. Ordoñez-Enireb, Ana M. Ríos-Villalba, Joselvy Rodríguez-Pinto, Sergio Sánchez-Cortés, María J. Montoya-Tabares, Vicente Ruiz, Francisco González-Sánchez, Víctor Soriano-Giménez, José M. Muñoz-Camarena, Jorge Benavides-Buleje, Juan C. Estupiñán-Jiménez, Irene Portero-Larragueta, David Alias, María J. Alberola-Estellés, Óscar Díaz-Cambronero, María S. Matoses-Jaén, María D. Ruiz-Boluda, Carlos Maristany-Bienert, José A. Pardo-López, Álvaro Ramiro-Ruiz, Pablo García, Arantza Martínez-DE-Guereñu, Belinda Montalbán, Claudia Olea, David Benguría, Javier Silva, Adriana Calderón, Jordi Escoll-Rufino, Carlos Cerdan-Santacruz, José E. Sierra-Grañón, María Rufas-Acín, Nuria Mestres-Petit, Ingrid C. Penagos-Saavedra, Cristina Moreno-Castilla, Jordi Riera-RIU, Ana Cuellar-Martínez, R.C. González-Álvarez, Míriam Sánchez-Merchante, Santiago García-DEL-Valle-Y-Manzano, Sara García-Zamorano, Natalia Gijón-Herreros, Patricia Robles-Ángel, Margarita Logroño-Ejea, Rodrigo Sanllorente-Sebastian, Maria C. Villalain-Perez, Mihaela Siclama-Stroe, Judith Benítez-Villar, Alberto Sánchez-Campos, Alberto Martínez-Ruiz, Patricia Alonso-Carnicero, Francisco J. DE-LA-Torre-González, Carolina Naranjo-Checa, Fernando Pereira-Pérez, Elena Ruiz-Ucar, Alfredo Rivera, Cristina GIL-Lapetra, Enrique Roca-Castillo, María L. Mariscal-Flores, Mario Morales-Cayuela, Irene Alonso-Ramos, Virginia Jiménez-Carneros, Lucas Casalduero-Garcia, Javier Jimenez-Miramón, L. José, Eva M. Nogués-Ramia, Yolanda Sosa-Quesada, Alonso Gómez, Laura M. Martínez-Meco-Ortiz, Mercedes Cabellos-Olivares, José R. Rodríguez-Fraile, María Labalde-Martínez, null Ramos-Rodríguez, Beatriz Nacarino-Alcorta, Raquel Fernández-García, Borja DE-LA-Quintana-Gordon, Justyna Drewniak, Fátima Senra-L, Pablo Galindo-Jara, Ana B. Gallardo-Herrera, Cesar García-Llorente, Laura Colao-García, Luz-Divina Rellan-Álvarez, Miguel Miro-Murillo, Sahely-CLARET Flores-Risco, Jordi Serrat-Puyol, Adrian Medina-Gallardo, Yuhami Mitsahid-Curbelo-Peña, null Orenzana, Alfredo Abad-Gurumeta, Norma Aracil-Escoda, Eugenio Martínez-Hurtado, Beatriz Nozal-Mateo, Elena Sáez-Ruiz, Rut Salvachua-Fernández, Javier Ripollés-Melchor, María L. DE-Fuenmayor-Valera, Elena Sánchez, Begoña Toribio, Antonio Navarro-Sánchez, José López-Fernández, Dácil Montesdeoca-Cabrera, Francisco J. Alcalá-Serrano, Azahara Sancho-DE-Avila, Sofia Diaz-Carrasco, Almudena Martín-Martín, Alejandro Suarez-DE-LA-Rica, Rafael UÑA-Orejón, Emilio Maseda, Guillermo Tejón-Pérez, María V. Alfaro-Martínez, Marta Alonso-Fernández, María A. Álvarez-Cebrián, María J. Álvarez-DEL-Vayo-Rodríguez, Mariana Carrillo-Rivas, María Fernández-Rodríguez, Sonia Trabanco-Morán, José L. Rábago-Morán, Javier Martínez-Ubieto, Ana M. Pascual-Bellosta, Sonia M. Ortega-Lucea, Maria P. Santero-Ramirez, Maria V. Duque-Mallen, Cristian Aragon-Benedi, Andrea Vallejo-Tarrat, Carmen Colillas-Calvet, Maria J. Laso, Javier Martinez-Cabañero, Javier Hernández-Salván, Beatriz Ledesma-Muñoz, Carolina Ochoa-Osorio, Máximo Sanz-García, Begoña Herrero-Garrote, Alma Blázquez-Martin, Manuel Díez-Alonso, Pilar Hernández-Juara, José M. Muguerza-Huguet, Macarena Barbero-Mielgo, Belén SAN-Antonio-SAN-Román, Laura Alonso-Aguilar, Viktoria Molnar, María C. Delgado-Naviero, Encarnación Meléndez-Leal, Virginia Cavero-García, África Fernández-Sánchez, Daniela A. Cubek-Quevedo, Rocío D.Í.E.Z. Munar, Francisco J. Blázquez-Fernández-DE-LA Pradilla, Ana B. Serrano, Alberto Balvís, Alberto Berruezo, Elena Esparza, Inés D.E.L.A. HOZ, Ana Palavicini, Lucia Pereira, Ximena Vega, Judith Villahoz, Gema Villanueva, José I. Alonso-Fernández, César Aldecoa, Clara Bolaño-Pérez, Teresa Villán-González, Astrid Batalla, G. Azparren, M. Basttita, M. Felipe, L. Cueva, Marta Gine, A.M. Gómez-Caro, I. India, S. Piñol, Neus Esteve-Pérez, Carlos Mora-Fernández, Ana Ferrer-Robles, Juan J. Segura-Sampedro, Natalia Alonso-Hernández, Angels Camps-Cervantes, Ivette Chocrón-DA-Prat, Carolina C. Coronado-Silva, Héctor Duque-Santos, Elena Esclapez-Sempere, Patricia Galan-Menéndez, Silvia Matarín-Olmo, M.P. Tormos-Pérez, Laura Villarino-Villa, Héctor Bergés-Gutiérrez, Miguel Aisa-Gasca, Verónica Arbona-Camillero, José D. Bautista-González, Francisco J. Carballido-Pascual, Mercedes Gutiérrez-Moreno, Ana Muñoz-Durán, Jesús Cañete-Gómez, Esther Cáceres-Fabrega, José M. Lorente-Herce, Octavio Mulet-Zayas, Rocío Gómez-Pérez, Cristina Monje-Salazar, Luis Lobato-Bancalero, Carmelo Torres-Moreno, Elena Sanchez-Cárdenas, Juan J. Daza-González, Teresa Sanchez-Viguera, Antonio DEL-Fresno-Asensio, Laura Bermudez-Román, José L. Jover-Pinillos, Francisco J. Orts-Micó, Coral Cózar-Lozano, Olga Blasco-Delgado, Andrea Nonnemacher-SAN-Julián, José A. Pérez, Laura D.U.R.Á.N. Cruces, and Pablo Renedo-Corcóstegui

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Perioperative medicine, Quality management, business.industry, Colorectal surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Patient satisfaction, Enhanced recovery, 030202 anesthesiology, Multidisciplinary approach, Spain, Anesthesiology, Anesthesia, Secondary analysis, Emergency medicine, Medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Colorectal Surgery
Abstract

Adherence to Enhanced Recovery Protocols (ERPs) is associated with faster functional recovery, better patient satisfaction, lower complication rates and reduced length of hospital stay. Understanding institutional barriers and facilitators is essential for improving adherence to ERPs. The purpose of this study was to identify institutional factors associated with adherence to an ERP for colorectal surgery.A secondary analysis of a nationwide study was conducted including 686 patients who underwent colorectal surgery across twenty-one institutions in Spain. Adherence to ERPs was calculated based upon the components recommended by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society. Institutional characteristics (i.e., case volume, ERP duration, anesthesia staff size, multidisciplinary meetings, leadership discipline) were captured from each participating program. Multivariable regression was performed to determine characteristics associated with adherence.The median adherence to ERAS was 68.2% (IQR 59.1%-81.8%). Multivariable linear regression revealed that anesthesiologist leadership (+5.49%, 95%CI +2.81% to +8.18%, P 0.01), duration of ERAS implementation (+0.46% per year, 95%CI +0.06% to +0.86%, P 0.01) and the use of regular multidisciplinary meetings (+4.66%, 95%CI +0.06 to +7.74%, P 0.01) were independently associated with greater adherence. Case volume (-2.38% per 4 cases weekly, 95%CI -3.03 to -1.74, P 0.01) and number of anesthesia providers (-1.19% per 10 providers, 95%CI +2.23 to -8.18%, P 0.01) were negatively associated with adherence.Adherence to ERPs is strongly associated with anesthesiology leadership, regular multidisciplinary meetings, and program duration, whereas case volume and the size of the anesthesia staff were potential barriers. These findings highlight the importance of strong leadership, experience and establishing a multidisciplinary team when developing an ERP for colorectal surgery.

Published
2021

19. WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

Author

Gert van Santen, John M. Anderies, Donovan Campbell, Tyler D. Eddy, Omu Kakujaha-Matundu, Bryce D. Stewart, Marten Scheffer, Jessica Fanzo, Rowenna Gryba, F. Stuart Chapin, Denis Worlanyo Aheto, Katina Roumbedakis, Ibrahim Issifu, Gordon R. Munro, Shakuntala H. Thilsted, Ibukun Jacob Adewumi, Evgeny A. Pakhomov, Grant Murray, Jason F. Shogren, Unai Pascual, Satoshi Yamazaki, Margaret Spring, Carlos M. Duarte, Kathleen Segerson, U. Rashid Sumaila, Precious Agbeko Dzorgbe Mattah, Kyle Gillespie, Saleem Mustafa, Lan Xiao, Joshua Adotey, Frances Westley, Francis K. E. Nunoo, Frank Asche, Zuzy Anna, Boris Worm, D. R. Fraser Taylor, Diva J. Amon, Roshni S. Mangar, Cassandra M. Brooks, Frederik Noack, Brooks Kaiser, Nathan J. Bennett, William W. L. Cheung, Dwight Owens, S. Kim Juniper, Derek Armitage, Karly McMullen, Dawn Kotowicz, Enric Sala, Paul O. Onyango, Francis E. Asuquo, Kristin M. Kleisner, Monirul Islam, Juliano Palacios Abrantes, Tony Charles, Dana D. Miller, Sarah Harper, Louise S. L. Teh, Juan José Alava, Aurélien Paulmier, Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Santiago de la Puente, Colin W. Clark, Jennifer J. Silver, Robert Blasiak, Colette C. C. Wabnitz, Gretchen C. Daily, Lydia C. L. Teh, John A. List, Alessandro Tavoni, Philippe D. Tortell, Tabitha Mallory, Jaime Mendo, Amadou Tall, Essam Yassin Mohammed, Romola V. Thumbadoo, Kristen Hopewell, Rebecca R. Helm, Mauricio Castrejón, Elena M. Bennett, Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, Jorge Jimenez Ramon, Patrick Kimani, Gerald G. Singh, Kátia Meirelles Felizola Freire, Johannes A. Iitembu, Sara E. Cannon, Jorge Ramírez, Richard S.J. Tol, Evelyn Pinkerton, Andrew Forrest, Juan Camilo Cárdenas Campo, Sadique Isahaku, Dyhia Belhabib, Moenieba Isaacs, Laura G. Elsler, Alessandro Tagliabue, Tom Okey, Tessa Owens, Alex J. Caveen, José-María Da-Rocha, Isigi Kadagi, Hong Yang, Ekow Prah, Glenn-Marie Lange, Mary S. Wisz, Vicky W. L. Lam, Maartje Oostdijk, Daniel Pauly, Torsten Thiele, Michel J. Kaiser, Christina C. Hicks, Nancy C. Doubleday, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Line Gordon, Thomas L. Frölicher, Kwasi Appeaning Addo, Katherine Millage, Alfredo Giron-Nava, Heike K. Lotze, Lincoln Hood, Michelle Tigchelaar, Keita Abe, S. Karuaihe, Nancy Knowlton, Jessica A. Gephart, Noble K. Asare, Werner Antweiler, Christopher D. G. Harley, Kai M. A. Chan, Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya Pèlèbè, Duncan Burnside, Sarah Glaser, Hussain Sinan, Garry D. Peterson, Olaf P. Jensen, Don Robadue, Mafaniso Hara, Sahir Advani, Andreea L. Cojocaru, Fiorenza Micheli, Gakushi Ishimura, Berchie Asiedu, Tu Nguyen, Mohammed Oyinlola, Lubna Alam, Maria A. Gasalla, Priscila F. M. Lopes, Mary Karumba, Austin J. Gallagher, Sufian Jusoh, Brian R. Copeland, Christopher M. Anderson, Alberta Jonah, Christopher D. Golden, Fabrice Stephenson, Douglas J. McCauley, Isaac Okyere, Jennifer Jacquet, Elke U. Weber, Benjamin S. Halpern, Olanike Kudirat Adeyemo, Neil Adger, Nina Wambiji, Kristina M. Gjerde, A. Eyiwunmi Falaye, Polina Orlov, Umi Muawanah, Trevor Church, Denise Breitburg, J. P. Walsh, Edward H. Allison, Cullen S. Hendrix, Curtis A. Suttle, Thuy Thi Thanh Pham, Cesar Bordehore, Michael Harte, Xavier Basurto, Carol McAusland, Rainer Froese, Adibi R. M. Nor, Anne-Sophie Crépin, Karen C. Seto, Abhipsita Das, Philippe Cury, Masahide Kaeriyama, Peter Freeman, Dacotah-Victoria Splichalova, Nobuyuki Yagi, Natalie C. Ban, Larry B. Crowder, Véronique Garçon, Amanda T. Lombard, Katie R. N. Florko, Nicolás Talloni-Álvarez, Riad Sultan, Lisa A. Levin, Mimi E. Lam, Evans K. Arizi, Richard T. Carson, Megan Bailey, Steven J. Lade, Zahidah Afrin, Dianne Newell, Shanta C. Barley, Colin Barnes, Villy Christensen, Dirk Zeller, Simon A. Levin, Kolliyil Sunil Mohamed, Marta Flotats Aviles, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Daniel J. Skerritt, Karin E. Limburg, Meaghan Efford, Michael C. Melnychuk, Lanre Badmus, Sebastián Villasante, Carie Hoover, Evan Andrews, Daniel Peñalosa, Allison N. Cutting, Nathan Pacoureau, Melissa Walsh, Wisdom Akpalu, Kafayat Adetoun Fakoya, Ling Cao, Edward B. Barbier, Clare Fitzsimmons, Alex Rogers, Robert Arthur, Daniel Marszalec, Jean-Baptiste Jouffray, Carl Folke, Anna Schuhbauer, Mazlin Mokhtar, Juan Mayorga, Ingrid van Putten, S.L. Akintola, Stephen Polasky, Lance Morgan, Jesper Stage, Lucas Brotz, M. Selçuk Uzmanoğlu, Boris Dewitte, Ahmed Khan, Ernest Obeng Chuku, Veronica Relano, Nicholas Polunin, Griffin Carpenter, Virginie Bornarel, Max Troell, Bárbara Horta e Costa, Lian E. Kwong, Mairin C. M. Deith, Valérie Le Brenne, Dan Laffoley, Hugh Govan, Ronaldo Angelini, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez, Mark J. Gibbons, Ambre Soszynski, Ola Flaaten, Stella Williams, M. Nicole Chabi, S. R. Carpenter, Prateep Kumar Nayak, David Obura, Scott Barrett, Philippe Le Billon, Patrízia Raggi Abdallah, John J. Bohorquez, Adriana Rosa Carvalho, Andrés M. Cisneros-Montemayor, Paul R. Ehrlich, John Kurien, Juan Carlos Seijo, Dominique Benzaken, Brian Crawford, Callum M. Roberts, Gabriel Reygondeau, Xue Jin, Julia Adelsheim, Mohd Talib Latif, Annie Mejaes, Frank Meere, Jeffrey McLean, Jennifer Dianto Kemmerly, Henrik Österblom, Savior K. S. Deikumah, Tayler M. Clarke, Aart de Zeeuw, Frédéric Le Manach, Maria Grazia Pennino, Quentin A Hanich, David R. Boyd, Sumaila, U Rashid, Skerritt, Daniel J, Schuhbauer, Anna, Villasante, Sebastian, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andrés M, Sinan, Hussain, Burnside, Duncan, Abdallah, Patrízia Raggi, Abe, Keita, Addo, Kwasi A, Adelsheim, Julia, Adewumi, Ibukun J, Adeyemo, Olanike K, Adger, Neil, Adotey, Joshua, Advani, Sahir, Afrin, Zahidah, Aheto, Deni, Akintola, Shehu L, Akpalu, Wisdom, Alam, Lubna, Alava, Juan José, Allison, Edward H, Amon, Diva J, Anderies, John M, Anderson, Christopher M, Andrews, Evan, Angelini, Ronaldo, Anna, Zuzy, Antweiler, Werner, Arizi, Evans K, Armitage, Derek, Arthur, Robert I, Asare, Noble, Asche, Frank, Asiedu, Berchie, Asuquo, Franci, Badmus, Lanre, Bailey, Megan, Ban, Natalie, Barbier, Edward B, Barley, Shanta, Barnes, Colin, Barrett, Scott, Basurto, Xavier, Belhabib, Dyhia, Bennett, Elena, Bennett, Nathan J, Benzaken, Dominique, Blasiak, Robert, Bohorquez, John J, Bordehore, Cesar, Bornarel, Virginie, Boyd, David R, Breitburg, Denise, Brooks, Cassandra, Brotz, Luca, Campbell, Donovan, Cannon, Sara, Cao, Ling, Cardenas Campo, Juan C, Carpenter, Steve, Carpenter, Griffin, Carson, Richard T, Carvalho, Adriana R, Castrejón, Mauricio, Caveen, Alex J, Chabi, M Nicole, Chan, Kai M A, Chapin, F Stuart, Charles, Tony, Cheung, William, Christensen, Villy, Chuku, Ernest O, Church, Trevor, Clark, Colin, Clarke, Tayler M, Cojocaru, Andreea L, Copeland, Brian, Crawford, Brian, Crépin, Anne-Sophie, Crowder, Larry B, Cury, Philippe, Cutting, Allison N, Daily, Gretchen C, Da-Rocha, Jose Maria, Das, Abhipsita, de la Puente, Santiago, de Zeeuw, Aart, Deikumah, Savior K S, Deith, Mairin, Dewitte, Bori, Doubleday, Nancy, Duarte, Carlos M, Dulvy, Nicholas K, Eddy, Tyler, Efford, Meaghan, Ehrlich, Paul R, Elsler, Laura G, Fakoya, Kafayat A, Falaye, A Eyiwunmi, Fanzo, Jessica, Fitzsimmons, Clare, Flaaten, Ola, Florko, Katie R N, Aviles, Marta Flotat, Folke, Carl, Forrest, Andrew, Freeman, Peter, Freire, Kátia M F, Froese, Rainer, Frölicher, Thomas L, Gallagher, Austin, Garcon, Veronique, Gasalla, Maria A, Gephart, Jessica A, Gibbons, Mark, Gillespie, Kyle, Giron-Nava, Alfredo, Gjerde, Kristina, Glaser, Sarah, Golden, Christopher, Gordon, Line, Govan, Hugh, Gryba, Rowenna, Halpern, Benjamin S, Hanich, Quentin, Hara, Mafaniso, Harley, Christopher D G, Harper, Sarah, Harte, Michael, Helm, Rebecca, Hendrix, Cullen, Hicks, Christina C, Hood, Lincoln, Hoover, Carie, Hopewell, Kristen, Horta E Costa, Bárbara B, Houghton, Jonathan D R, Iitembu, Johannes A, Isaacs, Moenieba, Isahaku, Sadique, Ishimura, Gakushi, Islam, Monirul, Issifu, Ibrahim, Jackson, Jeremy, Jacquet, Jennifer, Jensen, Olaf P, Ramon, Jorge Jimenez, Jin, Xue, Jonah, Alberta, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, Juniper, S Kim, Jusoh, Sufian, Kadagi, Isigi, Kaeriyama, Masahide, Kaiser, Michel J, Kaiser, Brooks Alexandra, Kakujaha-Matundu, Omu, Karuaihe, Selma T, Karumba, Mary, Kemmerly, Jennifer D, Khan, Ahmed S, Kimani, Patrick, Kleisner, Kristin, Knowlton, Nancy, Kotowicz, Dawn, Kurien, John, Kwong, Lian E, Lade, Steven, Laffoley, Dan, Lam, Mimi E, Lam, Vicky W L, Lange, Glenn-Marie, Latif, Mohd T, Le Billon, Philippe, Le Brenne, Valérie, Le Manach, Frédéric, Levin, Simon A, Levin, Lisa, Limburg, Karin E, List, John, Lombard, Amanda T, Lopes, Priscila F M, Lotze, Heike K, Mallory, Tabitha G, Mangar, Roshni S, Marszalec, Daniel, Mattah, Preciou, Mayorga, Juan, McAusland, Carol, McCauley, Douglas J, McLean, Jeffrey, McMullen, Karly, Meere, Frank, Mejaes, Annie, Melnychuk, Michael, Mendo, Jaime, Micheli, Fiorenza, Millage, Katherine, Miller, Dana, Mohamed, Kolliyil Sunil, Mohammed, Essam, Mokhtar, Mazlin, Morgan, Lance, Muawanah, Umi, Munro, Gordon R, Murray, Grant, Mustafa, Saleem, Nayak, Prateep, Newell, Dianne, Nguyen, Tu, Noack, Frederik, Nor, Adibi M, Nunoo, Francis K E, Obura, David, Okey, Tom, Okyere, Isaac, Onyango, Paul, Oostdijk, Maartje, Orlov, Polina, Österblom, Henrik, Owens, Dwight, Owens, Tessa, Oyinlola, Mohammed, Pacoureau, Nathan, Pakhomov, Evgeny, Abrantes, Juliano Palacio, Pascual, Unai, Paulmier, Aurélien, Pauly, Daniel, Pèlèbè, Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya, Peñalosa, Daniel, Pennino, Maria G, Peterson, Garry, Pham, Thuy T T, Pinkerton, Evelyn, Polasky, Stephen, Polunin, Nicholas V C, Prah, Ekow, Ramírez, Jorge, Relano, Veronica, Reygondeau, Gabriel, Robadue, Don, Roberts, Callum, Rogers, Alex, Roumbedakis, Katina, Sala, Enric, Scheffer, Marten, Segerson, Kathleen, Seijo, Juan Carlo, Seto, Karen C, Shogren, Jason F, Silver, Jennifer J, Singh, Gerald, Soszynski, Ambre, Splichalova, Dacotah-Victoria, Spring, Margaret, Stage, Jesper, Stephenson, Fabrice, Stewart, Bryce D, Sultan, Riad, Suttle, Curti, Tagliabue, Alessandro, Tall, Amadou, Talloni-Álvarez, Nicolá, Tavoni, Alessandro, Taylor, D R Fraser, Teh, Louise S L, Teh, Lydia C L, Thiebot, Jean-Baptiste, Thiele, Torsten, Thilsted, Shakuntala H, Thumbadoo, Romola V, Tigchelaar, Michelle, Tol, Richard S J, Tortell, Philippe, Troell, Max, Uzmanoğlu, M Selçuk, van Putten, Ingrid, van Santen, Gert, Villaseñor-Derbez, Juan Carlo, Wabnitz, Colette C C, Walsh, Melissa, Walsh, J P, Wambiji, Nina, Weber, Elke U, Westley, France, Williams, Stella, Wisz, Mary S, Worm, Bori, Xiao, Lan, Yagi, Nobuyuki, Yamazaki, Satoshi, Yang, Hong, and Zeller, Dirk

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Multidisciplinary, WIMEK, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Natural resource economics, 530 Physics, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Subsidy, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, 01 natural sciences, WTO, fishery, subsidy, 13. Climate action, 550 Earth sciences & geology, SUBSÍDIOS, Life Science, 14. Life underwater, Business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Sustainably managed wild fisheries support food and nutritional security, livelihoods, and cultures (1). Harmful fisheries subsidies—government payments that incentivize overcapacity and lead to overfishing—undermine these benefits yet are increasing globally (2). World Trade Organization (WTO) members have a unique opportunity at their ministerial meeting in November to reach an agreement that eliminates harmful subsidies (3). We—a group of scientists spanning 46 countries and 6 continents—urge the WTO to make this commitment...

Published
2021
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20. Anisotropic mechanical response of layered disordered fibrous materials

Author

David A. Head, Mark A. Walkley, and M. R. Houghton

Subjects
Materials science, Quadratic relation, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Shear (sheet metal), Shear modulus, 0103 physical sciences, Perpendicular, Fiber density, Composite material, 010306 general physics, Anisotropy, Scaling
Abstract

Mechanically bonded fabrics account for a significant portion of nonwoven products, and serve many niche areas of nonwoven manufacturing. Such fabrics are characterized by layers of disordered fibrous webs, but we lack an understanding of how such microstructures determine bulk material response. Here we numerically determine the linear shear response of needle-punched fabrics modeled as cross-linked sheets of two-dimensional (2D) Mikado networks. We systematically vary the intra-sheet fiber density, inter-sheet separation distance, and direction of shear, and quantify the macroscopic shear modulus alongside the degree of affinity and energy partition. For shear parallel to the sheets, the response is dominated by intrasheet fibers and follows known trends for 2D Mikado networks. By contrast, shears perpendicular to the sheets induce a softer response dominated by either intrasheet or intersheet fibers depending on a quadratic relation between sheet separation and fiber density. These basic trends are reproduced and elucidated by a simple scaling argument that we provide. We discuss the implications of our findings in the context of real nonwoven fabrics.

Published
2020

21. The Ocean Sunfishes

Author

Tierney M. Thys, Graeme C. Hays, and Jonathan D. R. Houghton

Subjects
Ecology, Evolution biology, Biology
Published
2020
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22. Unresolved Questions About Ocean Sunfishes, Molidae

Author

João P.S. Correia, Miguel Baptista, Hugo Batista, Olivia Daly, John Davenport, Tierney M. Thys, Joana Raimundo, Clara Lopes, Jackie Alvarez, Douglas H. Adams, Ana E. Ahuir-Baraja, Nuria Baylina, David W. Sims, Edward C. Pope, Enrique Ostalé-Valriberas, Katherine E. Bemis, Yamanoue Yusuke, Marianne Nyegaard, Itsumi Nakamura, Jonathan L. Whitney, Lukas Kubicek, Rachel Kelly, William E. Bemis, Toshiyuki Nakatsubo, Martin Riis, Michael J. Howard, Etsuro Sawai, Inga Potter, Katsumi Tsukamoto, Kevin C. Weng, Eric J. Caldera, Marko Freese, Giorgio Carnevale, John P. Ryan, Alex Hearn, Graeme C. Hays, Natasha D. Phillips, Salvador García-Barcelona, Rui Rosa, Cátia Figueiredo, Lawrence E. Eagling, Jessica Dutton, Lara L. Sousa, Pedro Reis Costa, Chris Harrod, Nixon Emily, Emilee K. Tholke, Kristina Skands Ydesen, Carlos Taura, Lea M. Hellenbrecht, Eric J. Hilton, Richard S. McBride, Carol D. Carson, Yuuki Y. Watanabe, James C. Tyler, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Gento Shinohara, Tor Mowatt-Larssen, Luca Pellegrino, and Kristy Forsgren

Subjects
Fishery, Molidae, Geography, biology, biology.organism_classification
Published
2020
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24. Optimising the application of 5-methoxy-2-methyl-indole to induce strobilation in moon jellyfish polyps

Author

Ashley Johnston, Emily F. Hourahane, Kai I. Pacey, Kylie A. Pitt, and Jonathan D. R. Houghton

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Indole test, Alternative methods, Budding, Jellyfish, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Zoology, Scyphozoa, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Aurelia coerulea, biology.animal, Strobilation, Biological sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Indoles, including 5-methoxy-2-methyl-indole (5MeO2MeIn), are a potent trigger of strobilation in jellyfish polyps. Indoles may be an alternative method to cooling to induce strobilation, but the ephyrae produced should have similar or better rates of survival, deformities, growth, and behaviour to those produced by cooling, and polyps should remain viable after strobilating. We used two experiments to optimise the use of 5MeO2MeIn to induce strobilation in Aurelia coerulea (Scyphozoa). First, we compared rates of strobilation, survival, and deformities of ephyrae and budding of polyps exposed to 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 µM 5MeO2MeIn for 3 days to cooling at 14 °C. Polyps in the indole and cooled treatments strobilated after 10 days and produced similar numbers of ephyrae, but more ephyrae were deformed in the 5.0 µM treatment and survival of ephyrae was lower in the 2.5 and 5.0 µM treatments than the cooled treatment. Polyps exposed to all three concentrations of indoles failed to bud or died after strobilation. Next, we exposed polyps to 0.7, 1.25, and 2.5 µM 5MeO2MeIn for four hours. Polyps exposed to all indole concentrations strobilated and produced similar numbers of ephyrae, but more ephyrae were deformed in the 2.5 µM treatment. Survival, behaviour, and sizes of ephyrae were similar 7 and 14 days after strobilation (although ephyrae pulsed faster in the 1.25 µM treatment at 14 days) and budding rates were similar in the indole and cooled treatments. Thus, exposing polyps to 0.7–1.25 µM 5MeO2MeIn for 4 h is a viable and efficient alternative to cooling to induce strobilation in polyps.

Published
2020
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25. The Ocean Sunfishes : Evolution, Biology and Conservation

Author

Tierney M. Thys, Graeme C. Hays, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Tierney M. Thys, Graeme C. Hays, and Jonathan D. R. Houghton

Subjects
Ocean sunfish--Biology, Ocean sunfish--Evolution, Ocean sunfish--Conservation, Sunfishes--Evolution
Abstract

The Ocean Sunfishes: Evolution, Biology and Conservation is the first book to gather into one comprehensive volume our fundamental knowledge of the world-record holding, charismatic ocean behemoths in the family Molidae. From evolution and phylogeny to biotoxins, biomechanics, parasites, husbandry and popular culture, it outlines recent and future research from leading sunfish experts worldwide This synthesis includes diet, foraging behavior, migration and fisheries bycatch and overhauls long-standing and outdated perceptions. This book provides the essential go-to resource for both lay and academic audiences alike and anyone interested in exploring one of the ocean's most elusive and captivating group of fishes.

Published
2021

26. MyD88 and TLR4 Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Author

Matthew S. Block, Robert A. Vierkant, Peter F. Rambau, Stacey J. Winham, Philipp Wagner, Nadia Traficante, Aleksandra Tołoczko, Daniel G. Tiezzi, Florin Andrei Taran, Peter Sinn, Weiva Sieh, Raghwa Sharma, Joseph H. Rothstein, Teresa Ramón y Cajal, Luis Paz-Ares, Oleg Oszurek, Sandra Orsulic, Roberta B. Ness, Gregg Nelson, Francesmary Modugno, Janusz Menkiszak, Valerie McGuire, Bryan M. McCauley, Marie Mack, Jan Lubiński, Teri A. Longacre, Zheng Li, Jenny Lester, Catherine J. Kennedy, Kimberly R. Kalli, Audrey Y. Jung, Sharon E. Johnatty, Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Allan Jensen, Maria P. Intermaggio, Jillian Hung, Esther Herpel, Brenda Y. Hernandez, Andreas D. Hartkopf, Paul R. Harnett, Prafull Ghatage, José M. García-Bueno, Bo Gao, Sian Fereday, Ursula Eilber, Robert P. Edwards, Christiani B. de Sousa, Jurandyr M. de Andrade, Anita Chudecka-Głaz, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Alicia Cazorla, Sara Y. Brucker, Jennifer Alsop, Alice S. Whittemore, Helen Steed, Annette Staebler, Kirsten B. Moysich, Usha Menon, Jennifer M. Koziak, Stefan Kommoss, Susanne K. Kjaer, Linda E. Kelemen, Beth Y. Karlan, David G. Huntsman, Estrid Høgdall, Jacek Gronwald, Marc T. Goodman, Blake Gilks, María José García, Peter A. Fasching, Anna de Fazio, Suha Deen, Jenny Chang-Claude, Francisco J. Candido dos Reis, Ian G. Campbell, James D. Brenton, David D. Bowtell, Javier Benítez, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Martin Köbel, Susan J. Ramus, Ellen L. Goode, D. Bowtell, G. Chenevix-Trench, A. Green, P. Webb, A. DeFazio, D. Gertig, N. Traficante, S. Fereday, S. Moore, J. Hung, K. Harrap, T. Sadkowsky, N. Pandeya, M. Malt, A. Mellon, R. Robertson, T. Vanden Bergh, M. Jones, P. Mackenzie, J. Maidens, K. Nattress, Y.E. Chiew, A. Stenlake, H. Sullivan, B. Alexander, P. Ashover, S. Brown, T. Corrish, L. Green, L. Jackman, K. Ferguson, K. Martin, A. Martyn, B. Ranieri, J. White, V. Jayde, P. Mamers, L. Bowes, L. Galletta, D. Giles, J. Hendley, K. Alsop, T. Schmidt, H. Shirley, C. Ball, C. Young, S. Viduka, Hoa Tran, Sanela Bilic, Lydia Glavinas, Julia Brooks, R. Stuart-Harris, F. Kirsten, J. Rutovitz, P. Clingan, A. Glasgow, A. Proietto, S. Braye, G. Otton, J. Shannon, T. Bonaventura, J. Stewart, S. Begbie, M. Friedlander, D. Bell, S. Baron-Hay, A. Ferrier, G. Gard, D. Nevell, N. Pavlakis, S. Valmadre, B. Young, C. Camaris, R. Crouch, L. Edwards, N. Hacker, D. Marsden, G. Robertson, P. Beale, J. Beith, J. Carter, C. Dalrymple, R. Houghton, P. Russell, M. Links, J. Grygiel, J. Hill, A. Brand, K. Byth, R. Jaworski, P. Harnett, R. Sharma, G. Wain, B. Ward, D. Papadimos, A. Crandon, M. Cummings, K. Horwood, A. Obermair, L. Perrin, D. Wyld, J. Nicklin, M. Davy, M.K. Oehler, C. Hall, T. Dodd, T. Healy, K. Pittman, D. Henderson, J. Miller, J. Pierdes, P. Blomfield, D. Challis, R. McIntosh, A. Parker, B. Brown, R. Rome, D. Allen, P. Grant, S. Hyde, R. Laurie, M. Robbie, D. Healy, T. Jobling, T. Manolitsas, J. McNealage, P. Rogers, B. Susil, E. Sumithran, I. Simpson, K. Phillips, D. Rischin, S. Fox, D. Johnson, S. Lade, M. Loughrey, N. O'Callaghan, W. Murray, P. Waring, V. Billson, J. Pyman, D. Neesham, M. Quinn, C. Underhill, R. Bell, L.F. Ng, R. Blum, V. Ganju, I. Hammond, Y. Leung, A. McCartney, M. Buck, I. Haviv, D. Purdie, D. Whiteman, and N. Zeps

Subjects
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism, Adult, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Ovarian tumor, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, Clear-cell ovarian carcinoma, Tissue Array Analysis/methods, Survival analysis, Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms, Tissue microarray, business.industry, Hazard ratio, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism, medicine.disease, ANÁLISE DE SOBREVIVÊNCIA, Immunohistochemistry, Survival Analysis, 3. Good health, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Serous fluid, Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, Tissue Array Analysis, Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88, Female, business, Ovarian cancer
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in relation to clinical features of epithelial ovarian cancer, histologic subtypes, and overall survival. Patients and Methods: We conducted centralized immunohistochemical staining, semi-quantitative scoring, and survival analysis in 5263 patients participating in the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium. Patients were diagnosed between January 1, 1978, and December 31, 2014, including 2865 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs), with more than 12,000 person-years of follow-up time. Tissue microarrays were stained for MyD88 and TLR4, and staining intensity was classified using a 2-tiered system for each marker (weak vs strong). Results: Expression of MyD88 and TLR4 was similar in all histotypes except clear cell ovarian cancer, which showed reduced expression compared with other histotypes (P

Published
2018
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27. Electrocardiography

Author

Andrew R. Houghton and David Gray

Subjects
cardiovascular system, cardiovascular diseases
Abstract

The electrocardiograph (ECG) has been recognized as a valuable diagnostic tool since the end of the 19th century. The normal ECG waveform consists of P, QRS, and T waves (and sometimes U waves)—P waves result from atrial depolarization, QRS complexes from ventricular depolarization, and T waves from ventricular repolarization. The standard 12-lead ECG utilizes four limb electrodes and six precordial electrodes to generate 12 leads or ‘views’ of the heart’s electrical activity. There are six limb leads (termed I, II, III, aVR, aVL, and aVF) and six precordial leads (termed V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6). Supplementary ‘views’ can be obtained by using additional leads, such as V7, V8, and V9 to assess the posterior aspect of the heart and right-sided chest leads to look for a right ventricular myocardial infarction.

Published
2020
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28. British Society of Echocardiography Departmental Accreditation Standards 2019 with input from the Intensive Care Society

Author

Robert Huggett, Richard P. Steeds, Stavros Apostolakis, Jane Allen, Andrew R. Houghton, Sarah Ritzmann, Laura Duffy, Khalatabari Afshin, Stephanie Baker, Thomas Ingram, Nina Bual, Andrew Elkington, Keith Pearce, and Marcus Peck

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Medical education, lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, departmental accreditation, education, Guidelines and Recommendations, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Transoesophageal echocardiography, Patient care, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:RC666-701, Intensive care, health services administration, Stress Echocardiography, Medicine, echocardiography, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, guidelines, business, health care economics and organizations, Accreditation
Abstract

This article sets out a summary of standards for departmental accreditation set by the British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) Departmental Accreditation Committee. Full accreditation standards are available at www.bsecho.org. The BSE were the first national organisation to establish a quality standards framework for departments that support the practice of individual echocardiographers. This is an updated version which recognises that, not only should all echocardiographers be individually accredited as competent to practice, but that departments also need to be well organised and have the facilities, equipment and processes to ensure the services they deliver are of an appropriate clinical standard. In combination with individual accreditation, departmental accreditation lays down standards to help ensure safe and effective patient care. These standards supersede the 2012 BSE Departmental Accreditation Standards. Standards are set to cover all potential areas of practice, including transthoracic (level 2) echocardiography, transoesophageal echocardiography, stress echocardiography, training, and emergency (level 1) echocardiography. The emergency echocardiography standard is a new addition to departmental accreditation and has been developed with input from the Intensive Care Society.

Published
2020

29. Suptavumab for the Prevention of Medically Attended Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Preterm Infants

Author

Leah Lipsich, Elzbieta Wloga, Alicia Hawes, George D. Yancopoulos, Mohamed A. Kamal, Qiong Zhao, David M. Weinreich, Christos A. Kyratsous, Neil Stahl, Eric A. F. Simões, Matthew R Houghton, Jason S. McLellan, Erin D. Fuller, Ronald Rideman, Feng Yang, Scott A. Rush, Sumathi Sivapalasingam, Flor M. Munoz, Helen Cicirello, Gregory P. Geba, Sarah L Benvin, Eduardo Forleo-Neto, and Jose M Novoa Pizarro

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Placebo, Antiviral Agents, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Lower respiratory tract infection, Clinical endpoint, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Respiratory system, Adverse effect, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Respiratory infection, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Infant, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Relative risk, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of childhood medically attended respiratory infection (MARI). Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial in 1154 preterm infants of 1 or 2 doses of suptavumab, a human monoclonal antibody that can bind and block a conserved epitope on RSV A and B subtypes, for the prevention of RSV MARI. The primary endpoint was proportion of subjects with RSV-confirmed hospitalizations or outpatient lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Results There were no significant differences between primary endpoint rates (8.1%, placebo; 7.7%, 1-dose; 9.3%, 2-dose). Suptavumab prevented RSV A infections (relative risks, .38; 95% confidence interval [CI], .14–1.05 in the 1-dose group and .39 [95% CI, .14–1.07] in the 2-dose group; nominal significance of combined suptavumab group vs placebo; P = .0499), while increasing the rate of RSV B infections (relative risk 1.36 [95% CI, .73–2.56] in the 1-dose group and 1.69 [95% CI, .92–3.08] in the 2-dose group; nominal significance of combined suptavumab group vs placebo; P = .12). Sequenced RSV isolates demonstrated no suptavumab epitope changes in RSV A isolates, while all RSV B isolates had 2–amino acid substitution in the suptavumab epitope that led to loss of neutralization activity. Treatment emergent adverse events were balanced across treatment groups. Conclusions Suptavumab did not reduce overall RSV hospitalizations or outpatient LRTI because of a newly circulating mutant strain of RSV B. Genetic variation in circulating RSV strains will continue to challenge prevention efforts. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02325791.

Published
2020

30. Transatlantic movement in porbeagle sharks, Lamna nasus

Author

William Roche, Peter Green, Luke W.J. Cameron, Paul J. Mensink, and Jonathan D. R. Houghton

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Lamna nasus, Population genetics, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, language.human_language, Mark and recapture, Fishery, Geography, Faroese, language, Genetic exchange
Abstract

Previous evidence from mark-recapture studies indicates that porbeagles in the north Atlantic are divided into two distinct and isolated populations in the east and west. However, studies of population genetics have found no genetic differences between these populations indicating some level of genetic exchange. This study presents the first record of transatlantic movement by a porbeagle tagged in Ireland and recovered by a Faroese vessel in Canadian waters after more than 10 years at liberty.

Published
2018
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31. Serendipitous re-sighting of a basking shark Cerorhinus maximus reveals inter-annual connectivity between American and European coastal hotspots

Author

Paul A. Mayo, Paul J. Mensink, Emmett M. Johnston, Eric Savetsky, and Jonathan D. R. Houghton

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Satellite transmitter, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Animal Identification Systems, Aquatic Science, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Basking shark, Fishery, Massachusetts, Cape, Sharks, Animals, Female, Atlantic Ocean, Ireland, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Transatlantic stock mixing in basking sharks Cetorhinus maximus is supported by low genetic diversity in populations throughout the Atlantic Ocean. However, despite significant focus on the species' movements; >1500 individual sharks marked for recapture and >150 individuals equipped with remote tracking tags, only a single record of transatlantic movment has been previously recorded. Within this context, the seredipitous re-sighting of a female basking shark fitted with a satellite transmitter at Malin Head, Ireland 993 days later at Cape Cod, USA is noteworthy.

Published
2019
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36. ECG interpretation in athletes

Author

Andrew R Houghton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, Athletes, Interpretation (philosophy), Physical therapy, Medicine, business, biology.organism_classification
Published
2019
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39. Ambulatory ECG recording

Author

Andrew R Houghton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Ambulatory ECG, business.industry, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, business
Published
2019
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41. The QT interval

Author

Andrew R Houghton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, business, QT interval
Published
2019
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45. Exercise ECG testing

Author

Andrew R Houghton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Exercise ecg, business
Published
2019
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47. The P wave

Author

Andrew R Houghton and David Gray

Subjects
Physics, Quantum electrodynamics, P wave
Published
2019
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49. The PR interval

Author

Andrew R Houghton

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, PR interval, business
Published
2019
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