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1. Instituting a Surgical Skills Competition Increases Technical Performance of Surgical Clerkship Students Over Time

Author

Victoria A. Bendersky, Brian F. Gilmore, R. M. Gunasingha, Elisabeth T. Tracy, Ranjan Sudan, Morgan L. Cox, Harold J. Leraas, and Shanna S. Sprinkle

Subjects
Male, Students, Medical, education, Psychological intervention, Article, Statistics, Nonparametric, Education, Cohort Studies, Competition (economics), Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Skills training, 0302 clinical medicine, Task Performance and Analysis, North Carolina, Surgical skills, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Technical skills, Retrospective Studies, Medical education, Academic year, business.industry, Clinical Clerkship, Competency-Based Education, Technical performance, General Surgery, Surgical Procedures, Operative, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Surgery, Clinical Competence, business, Surgical curriculum, Education, Medical, Undergraduate
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Surgical skills training varies greatly between institutions and is often left to students to approach independently. Although many studies have examined single interventions of skills training, no data currently exists about the implementation of surgical skills assessment as a component of the medical student surgical curriculum. We created a technical skills competition and evaluated its effect on student surgical skill development. METHODS: Second-year medical students enrolled in the surgery clerkship voluntarily participated in a surgical skills competition consisting of knot tying, laparoscopic peg transfer, and laparoscopic pattern cut. Winning students were awarded dinner with the chair of surgery and a resident of their choice. Individual event times and combined times were recorded and compared for students who completed without disqualification. Disqualification included compromising cutting pattern, dropping a peg out of the field of vision, and incorrect knot tying technique. Timed performance was compared for 2 subsequent academic years using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Overall, 175 students competed and 71 students met qualification criteria. When compared by academic year, 2015 to 2016 students (n = 34) performed better than 2014 to 2015 students (n = 37) in pattern cut (133 s vs 167 s, p = 0.040), peg transfer (66 s vs 101 s, p < 0.001), knot tying (28 s vs 30 s, p = 0.361), and combined time (232 s vs 283 s, p = 0.009). The best time for each academic year also improved (105 s vs 110 s). Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery proficiency standards for examined tasks were achieved by 70% of winning students. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of an incentivized surgical skills competition improves student technical performance. Further research is needed regarding long-term benefits of surgical competitions for medical students.

Published
2018
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2. New modalities of neurostimulation

Author

Richard L. Rauck, R. M. Gunasingha, and Lance Roy

Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment, Stimulation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient satisfaction, Dorsal root ganglion, 030202 anesthesiology, Ganglia, Spinal, medicine, Humans, Paresthesia, Neurostimulation, Clinical Trials as Topic, Spinal Cord Stimulation, Modalities, business.industry, Chronic pain, medicine.disease, Ganglion, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anesthesia, Chronic Pain, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Purpose of review Neurostimulation is a well tolerated, cost-efficient, and effective method to treat chronic pain. Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been shown to help patients, newer modalities such as burst, kilohertz-frequency, and dorsal root ganglion stimulation may provide greater pain relief, fewer paresthesias, and better outcomes. Recent findings Burst stimulation, programed as five-impulse burst at a frequency of 500 Hz, delivers more charge per second than conventional stimulation. Trials of burst stimulation have shown superior pain relief, decreased paresthesias, and patient preference compared with conventional SCS. Kilohertz-frequency SCS uses low-amplitude, high-frequency (10 kHz), and short-duration pulses. The SENZA trial showed superiority in both back and leg pain with greater pain relief as well as decreased opioid use. Dorsal root ganglion stimulation stimulates the ganglion cells allowing for precise targeting of pain regions. Multiple studies, including the ACCURATE trial, have shown superior pain relief in multiple conditions. Summary Improvements in pain control and patient satisfaction suggest that these new stimulation patterns will greatly increase the utility of neurostimulation; however, clinical trials with broader patient populations have to be done to support more extensive use of these therapies.

Published
2016
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3. Microdosimetric and Biological Effects of Photon Irradiation at Different Energies in Bone Marrow

Author

R. M. Gunasingha, Julian D. Down, Terry T. Yoshizumi, Milton R. Cornwall-Brady, Mark W. Dewhirst, Jane-Jane Chen, Kathleen A. Ashcraft, Chen-Ting Lee, Matthew D. Belley, and Markus Burkhart

Subjects
Male, Materials science, medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, Radiation, Radiation Dosage, Mice, Bone Marrow, medicine, Relative biological effectiveness, Animals, Dosimetry, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Irradiation, Photons, Cell Death, X-Rays, Radiochemistry, Gamma ray, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Radiation therapy, Cell killing, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bone marrow
Abstract

To ensure reliability and reproducibility of radiobiological data, it is necessary to standardize dosimetry practices across all research institutions. The photoelectric effect predominates over other interactions at low energy and in high atomic number materials such as bone, which can lead to increased dose deposition in soft tissue adjacent to mineral bone due to secondary radiation particles. This may produce radiation effects that deviate from higher energy photon irradiation that best model exposure from clinical radiotherapy or nuclear incidences. Past theoretical considerations have indicated that this process should affect radiation exposure of neighboring bone marrow (BM) and account for reported differences in relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for hematopoietic failure in rodents. The studies described herein definitively estimate spatial dose distribution and biological effectiveness within the BM compartment for (137)Cs gamma rays and 320 kVp X rays at two levels of filtration: 1 and 4 mm Cu half-value layer (HVL). In these studies, we performed: 1. Monte Carlo simulations on a 5 μm resolution model of mouse vertebrae and femur derived from micro-CT images; 2. In vitro biological experiments irradiating BM cells plated directly on the surface of a bone-equivalent material (BEM); and 3. An in vivo study on BM cell survival in irradiated live mice. Simulation results showed that the relative dose increased in proximity to bone at the lower radiation energies and produced averaged values of relative dose over the entire BM volume within imaged trabecular bone of 1.17, 1.08 and 1.01 for beam qualities of 1 mm Cu HVL, 4 mm Cu HVL and (137)Cs, respectively. In accordance with Monte Carlo simulations, in vitro irradiation of BM cells located on BEM and in vivo whole-body irradiation at a prescribed dose to soft tissue of 6 Gy produced relative cell killing of hematopoietic progenitors (CFU-C) that significantly increased for the 1 mm Cu HVL X rays compared to radiation exposures of higher photon energies. Thus, we propose that X rays of the highest possible kVp and filtration be used to investigate radiation effects on the hematopoietic system, as this will allow for better comparisons with high-energy photon exposures applied in radiotherapy or as anticipated in a nuclear event.

Published
2015
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4. Technical Note: On maximizing Cherenkov emissions from medical linear accelerators

Author

Justus Adamson, Zachary Shrock, R. M. Gunasingha, Mark Oldham, and Suk W. Yoon

Subjects
Photon, Materials science, Iron, Photon energy, Linear particle accelerator, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, law, Humans, Computer Simulation, Filtration, Cherenkov radiation, Photons, Radiotherapy, business.industry, Phantoms, Imaging, Attenuation, Water, General Medicine, Filter (video), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Particle Accelerators, business, Monte Carlo Method, Beam (structure), Copper, Aluminum
Abstract

PURPOSE Cherenkov light during MV radiotherapy has recently found imaging and therapeutic applications but is challenged by relatively low fluence. Our purpose is to investigate the feasibility of increasing Cherenkov light production during MV radiotherapy by increasing photon energy and applying specialized beam-hardening filtration. METHODS GAMOS 5.0.0, a GEANT4-based framework for Monte Carlo simulations, was used to model standard clinical linear accelerator primary photon beams. The photon source was incident upon a 17.8 cm3 cubic water phantom with a 94 cm source to surface distance. Dose and Cherenkov production was determined at depths of 3-9 cm. Filtration was simulated 15 cm below the photon beam source. Filter materials included aluminum, iron, and copper with thicknesses of 2-20 cm. Histories used depended on the level of attenuation from the filter, ranging from 100 million to 2 billion. Comparing average dose per history also allowed for evaluation of dose-rate reduction for different filters. RESULTS Overall, increasing photon beam energy is more effective at improving Cherenkov production per unit dose than is filtration, with a standard 18 MV beam yielding 3.3-4.0× more photons than 6 MV. Introducing an aluminum filter into an unfiltered 2400 cGy/min 10 MV beam increases the Cherenkov production by 1.6-1.7×, while maintaining a clinical dose rate of 300 cGy/min, compared to increases of ~1.5× for iron and copper. Aluminum was also more effective than the standard flattening filter, with the increase over the unfiltered beam being 1.4-1.5× (maintaining 600 cGy/min dose rate) vs 1.3-1.4× for the standard flattening filter. Applying a 10 cm aluminum filter to a standard 18 MV, photon beam increased the Cherenkov production per unit dose to 3.9-4.3× beyond that of 6 MV (vs 3.3-4.0× for 18 MV with no aluminum filter). CONCLUSIONS Through a combination of increasing photon energy and applying specialized beam-hardening filtration, the amount of Cherenkov photons per unit radiotherapy dose can be increased substantially.

Published
2017

5. Improving medical leadership education through the Feagin leadership program

Author

Jane H Boswick-Caffrey, Nathan H. Waldron, Kevin L. Anderson, James R. Bailey, Andrew Atia, Joseph P. Doty, R. M. Gunasingha, Dean C. Taylor, and Mary In-Ping Huang Cobb

Subjects
Program evaluation, Faculty, Medical, the Feagin leadership program, Medical Leadership Education, MEDLINE, Faculty medical, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Educational leadership, Leadership style, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Program Development, Curriculum, Schools, Medical, Medical education, Education, Medical, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, leadership program, interdisciplinary teams, Leadership, Program development, Psychology, Program Evaluation, Perspectives
Published
2016

6. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Interfacility Transfer: A Regional Referral Experience

Author

Nawar Al-Rawas, R. M. Gunasingha, John C. Haney, Babatunde A. Yerokun, Michael Weykamp, Desiree Bonadonna, Michael S. Mulvihill, David N. Ranney, Raquel R. Bartz, and Mani A. Daneshmand

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, Patient Transfer, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Risk Assessment, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Predictive Value of Tests, Cause of Death, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, medicine, North Carolina, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Referral and Consultation, Survival analysis, Cause of death, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Analysis of Variance, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, business.industry, Medical record, Retrospective cohort study, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Survival Analysis, Surgery, surgical procedures, operative, Logistic Models, 030228 respiratory system, Predictive value of tests, Multivariate Analysis, Disease Progression, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Body mass index, Hospitals, High-Volume, Cohort study, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background The number of adults referred to high-volume centers for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasing. Outcomes of patients requiring transport are not well characterized, and referral guidelines are lacking. This study describes the experience and outcomes of a single high-volume center. Methods A retrospective study was performed that included adults undergoing ECMO between June 2009 and December 2015. Patient characteristics and outcomes were acquired from the medical record. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of survival to hospital discharge. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to depict rates of survival. Results Of 133 patients, 77 (57.9%) underwent venoarterial (VA) ECMO and 56 (42.1%) underwent venovenous (VV) ECMO. Median transport distance was 88.8 miles (range 0.2–1,434 miles). Median duration of support was 6 days (range, 1–32.5 days). Age older than 60 years, pulmonary hypertension, and body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 were associated with worse survival to discharge for VA ECMO; a history of hypertension and presence of left ventricular (LV) vent were associated with better survival. Age older than 60 years and diabetes were associated with worse survival to hospital discharge for VV ECMO. Survival to decannulation was 66.2% and 76.8%, and to hospital discharge it was 48.1% and 69.6% for VA and VV ECMO, respectively. Of hospital survivors, Kaplan-Meier estimates of 1-year survival were 82.4% and 95.5% for VA and VV, respectively. Conclusions Outcomes are favorable after transport to high-volume ECMO centers. Guidelines and infrastructure for short- and long-distance ECMO transport is imperative for the efficient and successful management of these patients.

Published
2016

7. Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube

Author

Ignacio Taboada, C. Pérez de los Heros, F. Rothmaier, Peter Mészáros, Matthias Geisler, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, M. R. Duvoort, Darren Grant, B. Ruzybayev, F. Descamps, A. Slipak, S. Tilav, H. Miyamoto, Jay Gallagher, J. van Santen, Y. Hasegawa, P. Nießen, A. Tepe, R. L. Imlay, M. Labare, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, R. Franke, C. Walck, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, R. Ehrlich, Dirk Ryckbosch, K. Beattie, O. Schulz, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, K. Wiebe, Christian Bohm, M. Krasberg, M. V. D'Agostino, Axel Groß, Q. Swillens, David A. Schneider, A. Olivas, John Clem, Jon Dumm, A. Goldschmidt, G. C. Hill, M. Matusik, M. Prikockis, T. Waldenmaier, Joanna Kiryluk, Michael J. Baker, J. Dreyer, S. Seunarine, J. M. Joseph, A. Laundrie, G. Stephens, Spencer Klein, S. Westerhoff, P. B. Price, Thomas Meures, L. Gladstone, J. J. Beatty, D. Seckel, O. Tarasova, A. Piegsa, Jenni Adams, M. Danninger, A. R. Fazely, P. A. Toale, Klas Hultqvist, N. Milke, C. Ha, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, M. Merck, H. Landsman, M. L. Benabderrahmane, D. Rutledge, S. Yoshida, J. Posselt, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, Stijn Buitink, T. O. B. Schmidt, George Japaridze, J.-P. Hülß, T. Kowarik, Christian Spiering, Carsten Rott, P. Roth, R. Nahnhauer, Dave Nygren, H. S. Matis, S. H. Seo, N. van Eijndhoven, S. Knops, Justin Vandenbroucke, R. J. Lauer, M. Bissok, O. Engdegård, Paraic A. Kenny, Juanan Aguilar, A. Tamburro, Takao Kuwabara, N. Kitamura, D. Wahl, K. Mase, Reina H. Maruyama, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Wolfgang Rhode, Karen Andeen, D. Berley, C. De Clercq, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, B. Voigt, Xinhua Bai, Christopher Wiebusch, Xianwu Xu, R. Morse, P. Robl, B. Christy, D. Turcan, Francis Halzen, L. Demirörs, J. L. Kelley, Laura C. Bradley, P. Zarzhitsky, P. Berghaus, S. Schlenstedt, O. Depaepe, G. Kroll, Markus Ahlers, K. Rawlins, R. Wischnewski, E. Blaufuss, S. Euler, S. Stoyanov, Dmitry Chirkin, R. Lehmann, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, B. Semburg, A. Van Overloop, C. Terranova, O. Fadiran, G. W. Sullivan, Alexander Kappes, A.C. Pohl, Damian Pieloth, H. Wissing, J. Lünemann, S. M. Movit, R. Porrata, James Madsen, T. Krings, D. Hubert, Elisa Resconi, Nathan Whitehorn, E. A. Strahler, J. Berdermann, Ph. Herquet, R. C. Bay, R. W. Ellsworth, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, S. Cohen, M. Ono, D. J. Boersma, T. DeYoung, J. L. Bazo Alba, Kael Hanson, J. K. Becker, T. Abu-Zayyad, J. W. Nam, Hermann Kolanoski, A. Schultes, L. Köpke, T. Straszheim, Pratik Majumdar, H. G. Sander, S. Odrowski, A. Homeier, N. Kemming, James E. Braun, C. Colnard, M. M. Foerster, Larissa Paul, Aya Ishihara, S. Bechet, T. Feusels, Steven W. Barwick, S.J. Lafebre, P. Redl, J. E. Jacobsen, Teresa Montaruli, P. Sandstrom, Allan Hallgren, Paolo Desiati, J. Auffenberg, L. Gerhardt, Rasha Abbasi, Chun Xu, R. Ganugapati, K. Hoshina, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, Karl-Heinz Kampert, D. F. Cowen, Kirill Filimonov, Glenn Spiczak, Chris Wendt, Albrecht Karle, M. Kowalski, M. Ribordy, Chad Finley, Subir Sarkar, U. Naumann, A. Silvestri, K. H. Becker, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, J. Petrovic, R. M. Gunasingha, Michael Stamatikos, K. Meagher, S. Hussain, D. J. Koskinen, M. Olivo, J. A. Goodman, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, S. Panknin, Y. Abdou, Fabian Kislat, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Timo Karg, D. Z. Besson, J. Haugen, M. Schunck, C. Roucelle, K. Kuehn, D. Bertrand, M. Wallraff, M. Gurtner, B. D. Fox, Dirk Lennarz, Henrik J. Johansson, W. Huelsnitz, K. Helbing, Anna Franckowiak, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, D. Tosi, Gerald Przybylski, M. Inaba, K. Han, Olga Botner, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5], 01 natural sciences, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, Cherenkov, ddc:530, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Cosmic rays, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, Ice, PMT, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Photonics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

Over 5,000 PMTs are being deployed at the South Pole to compose the IceCube neutrino observatory. Many are placed deep in the ice to detect Cherenkov light emitted by the products of high-energy neutrino interactions, and others are frozen into tanks on the surface to detect particles from atmospheric cosmic ray showers. IceCube is using the 10-inch diameter R7081-02 made by Hamamatsu Photonics. This paper describes the laboratory characterization and calibration of these PMTs before deployment. PMTs were illuminated with pulses ranging from single photons to saturation level. Parameterizations are given for the single photoelectron charge spectrum and the saturation behavior. Time resolution, late pulses and afterpulses are characterized. Because the PMTs are relatively large, the cathode sensitivity uniformity was measured. The absolute photon detection efficiency was calibrated using Rayleigh-scattered photons from a nitrogen laser. Measured characteristics are discussed in the context of their relevance to IceCube event reconstruction and simulation efforts., 40 pages, 12 figures

Published
2016
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8. The energy spectra of heavy nuclei measured by the ATIC experiment

Author

Wolfgang Schmidt, H. S. Ahn, A. R. Fazely, Joachim Isbert, N. V. Sokolskaya, V. I. Zatsepin, Eun-Suk Seo, K. E. Batkov, M. Christl, R. M. Gunasingha, Jin Chang, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, John P. Wefel, Jian Wu, M. I. Panasyuk, James H. Adams, K. C. Kim, Alexander D. Panov, E. N. Kouznetsov, T. G. Guzik, and O. Ganel

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, High energy, Scattering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Spectral line, Magnetic field, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Ionization, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Atomic physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The preliminary energy spectra of heavy nuclei C, O, Ne, Mg, Si, and Fe in the primary cosmic rays measured by the ATIC-2 experiment are presented and compared to previous data and to propagation models. Using previous data to extend the ATIC-2 results for all heavy nuclei to higher energy, the combined spectra can be best fit with diffusion model with weak reacceleration and scattering on random magnetic field with a Kolmogorov spectrum fluctuations becoming dominant at high energy. (c) 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2006
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9. NEUTRINO ASTRONOMY AND COSMIC RAYS AT THE SOUTH POLE: LATEST RESULTS FROM AMANDA AND PERSPECTIVES FOR ICECUBE

Author

P. Ekström, P. Berghaus, M. Kestel, T. DeYoung, D. Z. Besson, T. J. Sumner, R. H. Minor, A. R. Fazely, S. Böser, Kael Hanson, S. Patton, P. Niessen, I. Taboada, R. G. Stokstad, T. Castermans, Carlos Pena-Garay, K. Hultqvist, R. Wischnewski, R. Hardtke, J. K. Becker, C. Pérez de los Heros, T. Becka, Yi Wang, Paolo Desiati, D. R. Nygren, P. O. Hulth, D. Steele, R. W. Ellsworth, T. Hauschildt, Johan Lundberg, S. Schlenstedt, T. Straszheim, Adam Bouchta, J. L. Kelley, Christian Bohm, David A. Schneider, Allan Hallgren, H. Wissing, P. Miocinovic, D.W. Atlee, Kyle T. Mandli, J. Cavin, J. W. Nam, George Japaridze, R. Ganugapati, D. Hays, L. Thollander, D. F. Cowen, A. Achterberg, Jodi Cooley, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, R. Porrata, Marek Kowalski, A. Silvestri, R. Paulos, S. H. Seo, T. Stezelberger, J. Yeck, Elisa Resconi, Hakki Ögelman, A. C. Pohl, Pawel Marciniewski, H. Leich, J. Pretz, P. B. Price, Peter Mészáros, S. Stoyanov, R. Ehrlich, D. Seckel, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, S. Hundertmark, M. Krasberg, M. Hellwig, H. G. Sander, B. Collin, K. Rawlins, Heiko Geenen, Torsten Harenberg, D. Hardtke, M. Ribordy, K. Helbing, Kurt Woschnagg, R. Koch, I. Liubarsky, Christian Spiering, Ph. Olbrechts, C. T. Day, J. Hodges, James Madsen, Paul Evenson, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, S. Richter, J. Rodríguez Martino, C. H. Wiebusch, K. Münich, N. Langer, C. De Clercq, A. W. Jones, John Clem, Soebur Razzaque, L. Gerhardt, Dmitry Chirkin, M. Solarz, Olga Botner, S. Yoshida, T. Neunhöffer, Albrecht Karle, T. Messarius, Anna Davour, Justin Vandenbroucke, Elisa Bernardini, M. Bartelt, A. J. Smith, R. M. Gunasingha, J. Ahrens, Y. Minaeva, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, W. R. Edwards, R. Morse, N. Kitamura, D. Bertrand, William Carithers, R. Schwarz, C.P. Burgess, M. Walter, T. Burgess, Todor Stanev, Janet Jacobsen, J. A. Coarasa, R. Nahnhauer, R. C. Bay, H. Miyamoto, Xinhua Bai, John N. Bahcall, Jean Gallagher, Glenn Spiczak, S. R. Klein, A. Gross, L. C. Voicu, G. Kohnen, Othmane Bouhali, B. Hughey, K. H. Sulanke, Michael Stamatikos, D. Turčan, C. Walck, J. M. Joseph, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, Wolfgang Wagner, K. Kuehn, W. Chinowsky, N. van Eijndhoven, K. Schinarakis, Gerald Przybylski, H. S. Matis, Matthias Leuthold, P. Herquet, P. Steffen, J. E. Sopher, Francis Halzen, Jan Conrad, T. Feser, O. Tarasova, K. Hoshina, Wolfgang Rhode, D. Hubert, L. Köpke, J. Bergmans, S. Tilav, K. H. Kampert, H. Kawai, C. P. McParland, E. Kujawski, A. Goldschmidt, K.-H. Becker, and H. Albrecht

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Coincidence, law.invention, Telescope, Neutrino detector, law, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino
Abstract

The AMANDA neutrino telescope has been in operation at the South Pole since 1996. The present final array configuration, operational since 2000, consists of 677 photomultiplier tubes arranged in 19 strings, buried at depths between 1500 and 2000 m in the ice. The most recent results on a multi-year search for point sources of neutrinos will be shown. The study of events triggered in coincidence with the surface array SPASE and AMANDA provided a result on cosmic ray composition. Expected improvements from IceCube/IceTop will also be discussed.

Published
2005
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10. Beam tests of the balloon-borne ATIC experiment

Author

H. J. Kim, J. Z. Wang, A. R. Fazely, T. G. Guzik, R. M. Gunasingha, D. Granger, Wolfgang Schmidt, J. Ampe, B. Price, Eun-Suk Seo, N. V. Sokolskaya, John P. Wefel, H. S. Ahn, Sun Kee Kim, M. Stewart, James H. Adams, Alexander D. Panov, O. Ganel, Jian Wu, G. A. Samsonov, Gary L. Case, Joachim Isbert, Jin Chang, Y. J. Han, S. B. Ellison, K. C. Kim, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, R. Gould, M. I. Panasyuk, Yeong-Dae Kwon, D. Wagner, V. I. Zatsepin, R. Sina, A. A. Voronin, and M. Sen

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter, Cosmic ray, Bismuth germanate, Radiation length, Calorimeter, Nuclear physics, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

The Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) balloon-borne experiment is designed to perform cosmic-ray elemental spectra measurement from 50 GeV to 100 TeV for nuclei from hydrogen to iron. These measurements are expected to provide crucial hints about some of the most fundamental questions in astroparticle physics today. ATTIC'S design centers on an 18 radiation length (X(sub Omnicron)) deep bismuth germanate (BGO) calorimeter, preceded by a 0.75 lambda(sub int) graphite target. In September 1999 the ATIC detector was exposed to high-energy beams at CERN's SPS accelerator, within the framework of the development program for the Advanced Cosmic-ray Composition Experiment for the Space Station (ACCESS). In December 2000 - January 2001, ATIC flew on the first of a series of long duration balloon (LDB) flights from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. We present here results from the 1999 beam-tests, including energy resolutions for electrons and protons at several beam energies from 100 GeV to 375 GeV, as well as signal linearity and collection efficiency estimates. We show how these results compare with expectations based on simulations, and their expected impacts on mission performance.

Published
2005
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11. Albedo in the ATIC experiment: Measurements and simulations

Author

N. V. Sokolskaya, K. E. Batkov, M. Christl, T. G. Guzik, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, O. Ganel, J. Z. Wang, A. R. Fazely, Jian Wu, K. C. Kim, Joachim Isbert, R. M. Gunasingha, Alexander D. Panov, M. I. Panasyuk, Eun-Suk Seo, Jin Chang, James H. Adams, H. S. Ahn, Wolfgang Schmidt, E. N. Kouznetsov, John P. Wefel, and V. I. Zatsepin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Backscatter, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Resolution (electron density), Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Albedo, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Computational physics, Electric current, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

We analyze the characteristics of the albedo, or the backscatter current, which constitutes a background for charge measurements in calorimetric experiments in high-energy cosmic rays. We compare the experimental data obtained in the flights of the ATIC spectrometer with the simulations performed using the GEANT 3.21 code. We discuss the influence of the backscatter on the charge resolution in the ATIC experiment.

Published
2005
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12. The silicon matrix as a charge detector in the ATIC experiment

Author

R. M. Gunasingha, Alexander D. Panov, Jian Wu, H. S. Ahn, A. R. Fazely, V. I. Zatsepin, E. N. Kouznetsov, J. P. Wefel, K. C. Kim, Wolfgang Schmidt, M. Christl, J. Z. Wang, James H. Adams, M. I. Panasyuk, O. Ganel, T. G. Guzik, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, N. V. Sokolskaya, K. E. Batkov, Joachim Isbert, Jin Chang, and Eun-Suk Seo

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Calorimeter, Nuclear physics, Ionization, Scintillation counter, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

The Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) was built for series of long- duration balloon flights in Antarctica. Its main goal is to measure energy spectra of cosmic ray nuclei from protons up to iron nuclei over a wide energy range from 30 GeV up to 100 TeV. The ATIC balloon experiment had its first, test flight that lasted for 16 days from 28 Dec 2000 to 13 Jan 2OO1 around the continent. The ATIC spectrometer consists of a fully active BGO calorimeter, scintillator hodoscopes and a silicon matrix. The silicon matrix, consisting of 4480 pixels, was used as a charge detector in the experiment. About 25 million cosmic ray events were detected during the flight. In the paper, the charge spectrum obtained with the silicon matrix is analyzed.

Published
2004
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13. Status of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author

Olga Botner, C. Pérez de los Heros, John N. Bahcall, T. Becka, Othmane Bouhali, K. Hultqvist, R. C. Bay, K. Rawlins, S. Yoshida, M. Ribordy, N. van Eijndhoven, Gerald Przybylski, W Carithers, A. C. Pohl, S. Hundertmark, J. Cavin, A. W. Jones, James Madsen, D. Steele, H. Kawai, C. P. McParland, H. S. Matis, Ph. Herquet, J. I. Lamoureux, G. W. Sullivan, Soebur Razzaque, R. Paulos, R. G. Stokstad, Anna Davour, A. Goldschmidt, R. Wischnewski, J. Pretz, Ph. Olbrechts, Francis Halzen, R. H. Minor, Kael Hanson, R. Ganugapati, T. Hauschildt, Janet Jacobsen, D. F. Cowen, M. Solarz, Marek Kowalski, K.-H. Becker, Adam Bouchta, R. Schwarz, R. M. Gunasingha, Y. Minaeva, S. Patton, P. B. Price, Paolo Desiati, Allan Hallgren, R.-R Wang, Christian Bohm, Michael Stamatikos, R. Hardtke, George Japaridze, David A. Schneider, J. A. Goodman, Kurt Woschnagg, Hakki Ögelman, P. Niessen, D. Hubert, Wolfgang Wagner, K. Helbing, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Paul Evenson, Todor Stanev, I. Taboada, S. Schlenstedt, C. Wiedemann, Christian Spiering, P. O. Hulth, H. Miyamoto, Dmitry Chirkin, Elisa Resconi, D. Seckel, Jean Gallagher, L. Köpke, Heiko Geenen, A. R. Fazely, H. Leich, H. Wissing, S. Tilav, N. Kitamura, R. Nahnhauer, Elisa Bernardini, J. Ahrens, D. R. Nygren, T. Neunhöffer, C. Walck, T. Messarius, K. Schinarakis, P. Steffen, Albrecht Karle, Thomas K. Gaisser, Jodi Cooley, Xinhua Bai, Jan Conrad, T. Feser, Wolfgang Rhode, T. J. Sumner, T. Castermans, Peter Mészáros, C. De Clercq, W. Chinowsky, D. Bertrand, S. Richter, M. Hellwig, R. W. Ellsworth, H. G. Sander, B. Collin, I. Liubarsky, C. H. Wiebusch, R. Morse, T. Stezelberger, D. Hays, R. Ehrlich, S. Böser, A. J. Smith, K. H. Sulanke, T. Burgess, M. Kestel, T. DeYoung, E. Blaufuss, D. Z. Besson, D. J. Boersma, Glenn Spiczak, B. Hughey, R. Koch, and P. Miocinovic

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, law.invention, Telescope, Neutrino detector, Space and Planetary Science, law, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy
Abstract

The IceCube neutrino telescope, to be constructed near the Antarctic South Pole, represents the next generation of neutrino telescope. Its large 1 km3 size will make it uniquely sensitive to the detection of neutrinos from astrophysical sources. The current design of the detector is presented. The basic performance of the detector and its ability to search for neutrinos from various astrophysical sources has been studied using detailed simulations and is discussed.

Published
2004
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14. The ATIC long duration balloon project

Author

M. Christl, J. Z. Wang, M. I. Panasyuk, V. I. Zatsepin, A. R. Fazely, Y. J. Han, D. Granger, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, H. S. Ahn, S. K. Kim, Eun-Suk Seo, Jian Wu, O. Ganel, N. V. Sokolskaya, R. Sina, Alexander D. Panov, A. A. Voronin, J. P. Wefel, Jin Chang, E. N. Kouznetsov, T. G. Guzik, R. M. Gunasingha, B. Price, Wolfgang Schmidt, K. C. Kim, M. Stewart, James H. Adams, Hyun-Chul Kim, G. A. Samsonov, and Joachim Isbert

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Calorimeter, Geophysics, Hodoscope, Space and Planetary Science, Cascade, Ionization, Scintillation counter, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

Long Duration Balloon (LDB) scientific experiments, launched to circumnavigate the south pole over Antarctica, have particular advantages compared to Shuttle or other Low Earth Orbit (LEO) missions in terms of cost, weight, scientific “duty factor” and work force development. The Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) cosmic-ray astrophysics experiment is a good example of a university-based project that takes full advantage of current LDB capability. The ATIC experiment is currently being prepared for its first LDB science flight that will investigate the charge composition and energy spectra of primary cosmic-rays over the energy range from about 1010 to 1014 eV. The instrument is built around a fully active, Bismuth–Germanate (BGO) ionization calorimeter to measure the energy deposited by cascades formed by particles interacting in a thick carbon target. A highly segmented silicon matrix, located above the target, provides good incident charge resolution plus rejection of “backscattered” particles from the cascade. Trajectory reconstruction is based on the cascade profile in the BGO calorimeter, plus information from the three pairs of scintillator hodoscope layers in the target section above it. A full evaluation of the experiment was performed during a test flight occurring between 28 December 2000 and 13 January 2001 where ATIC was carried to an altitude of ∼37 km above Antarctica by a ∼850,000 m3 helium filled balloon for one circumnavigation of the continent. All systems behaved well, the detectors performed as expected, >43 GB of engineering and cosmic-ray event data were returned and these data are now undergoing preliminary data analysis. During the coming 2002–2003 Antarctica summer season, we are preparing for an ATIC science flight with ∼15 to 30 days of data collection in the near-space environment of Long Duration Balloon (LDB) float altitudes.

Published
2004
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15. SU-C-204-06: Monte Carlo Dose Calculation for Kilovoltage X-Ray-Psoralen Activated Cancer Therapy (X-PACT): Preliminary Results

Author

Justus Adamson, R. M. Gunasingha, Michael W. Nolan, Mark Oldham, and Stewart Mein

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Monte Carlo method, 020207 software engineering, Collimator, 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, law.invention, Percentage depth dose curve, Optics, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Ultraviolet light, Dosimetry, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Laser beam quality, Radiation treatment planning, business, Nuclear medicine, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Purpose: X-PACT is an experimental cancer therapy where kV x-rays are used to photo-activate anti-cancer therapeutics through phosphor intermediaries (phosphors that absorb x-rays and re-radiate as UV light). Clinical trials in pet dogs are currently underway (NC State College of Veterinary Medicine) and an essential component is the ability to model the kV dose in these dogs. Here we report the commissioning and characterization of a Monte Carlo (MC) treatment planning simulation tool to calculate X-PACT radiation doses in canine trials. Methods: FLUKA multi-particle MC simulation package was used to simulate a standard X-PACT radiation treatment beam of 80kVp with the Varian OBI x-ray source geometry. The beam quality was verified by comparing measured and simulated attenuation of the beam by various thicknesses of aluminum (2–4.6 mm) under narrow beam conditions (HVL). The beam parameters at commissioning were then corroborated using MC, characterized and verified with empirically collected commissioning data, including: percent depth dose curves (PDD), back-scatter factors (BSF), collimator scatter factor(s), and heel effect, etc. All simulations were conducted for N=30M histories at M=100 iterations. Results: HVL and PDD simulation data agreed with an average percent error of 2.42%±0.33 and 6.03%±1.58, respectively. The mean square error (MSE) values for HVL and PDD (0.07% and 0.50%) were low, as expected; however, longer simulations are required to validate convergence to the expected values. Qualitatively, pre- and post-filtration source spectra matched well with 80kVp references generated via SPEKTR software. Further validation of commissioning data simulation is underway in preparation for first-time 3D dose calculations with canine CBCT data. Conclusion: We have prepared a Monte Carlo simulation capable of accurate dose calculation for use with ongoing X-PACT canine clinical trials. Preliminary results show good agreement with measured data and hold promise for accurate quantification of dose for this novel psoralen X-ray therapy. Funding Support, Disclosures, & Conflict of Interest: The Monte Carlo simulation work was not funded; Drs. Adamson & Oldham have received funding from Immunolight LLC for X-PACT research.

Published
2016
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16. Utilizing a diagnostic kV imaging system for x-ray psoralen activated cancer therapy (X-PACT)

Author

Harold Walder, Justus Adamson, Boyu Meng, Mark Oldham, Tracy L. Gieger, D Miles, Stewart Mein, Suk W. Yoon, Neil L. Spector, Michael W. Nolan, Wayne F. Beyer, Zak Fathi, and R. M. Gunasingha

Subjects
business.industry, X-ray, Cancer therapy, Pact, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, Nuclear medicine, business, General Nursing, Psoralen
Published
2017
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17. ORLaND: A proposed neutrino facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Author

David Smith, M. A. Elaasar, Y. Kamyshkov, C. Rosenfeld, W. M. Zhang, T. A. Nummaker, C. Britton, R. Steinberg, M. V. Danilov, J. Walker, E. L. Hart, A. R. Fazely, S. Berridge, D. D. Koetke, L. Chatterjee, V. Gudkov, J. Busenitz, R. M. Gunasingha, I. Stancu, R. Svoboda, D. H. Wright, K. Carter, T. Handler, A. Wintenberg, P. Degtiarenko, H. O. Cohn, U. Jagadish, B. D. Anderso, Yu. Efremenko, C. R. Gould, W. Bryan, G. Van Dalen, S. Nussinov, A. K. Cochran, A. Mezzacappa, F. Plasil, S.S. Frank, T. C. Awes, T. A. Gabriel, W. J. Metcalf, L. De-Brackeleer, V. Z. Nosik, A. Piepke, F. T. Avignone, R. L. Burman, W. M. Bugg, C. Lane, R. L. Imlay, J. W. Watson, V. Cianciolo, Werner Tornow, L. W. Mo, W. Bilpuch, J. Reidy, R. Tashakkori, J. Wolf, O. Ya. Zeldovich, T. D. S. Stanislaus, E. Khosrovi, and R. W. Manweiler

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutrino detector, Solar neutrino, Measurements of neutrino speed, Solar neutrino problem, Neutrino astronomy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA, ORLaND is a collaboration proposing a major neutrino physics facility at the Spallation Neutrino Source (SNS) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. An underground bunker is proposed adjacent to the first target station of the SNS. The bunker is designed to house one large detector (2000 t) and a number of smaller (200 t) detectors. A comprehensive program of neutrino experiments is being developed that could span the lifetime of the Spallation Source.

Published
2000
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18. Results onνμ→νeoscillations from pion decay in flight neutrinos

Author

D. Works, Jacob Waltz, R. M. Gunasingha, V. D. Sandberg, E. D. Church, W. C. Louis, R. L. Burman, G. VanDalen, R. Majkic, Y. Xiao, C. Athanassopoulos, A. Fazely, R. A. Reeder, R. L. Imlay, S. J. Yellin, R. Tayloe, L. B. Auerbach, K. McIlhany, J. B. Donahue, I. Stancu, N. Wadia, W. Metcalf, G. B. Mills, W. Strossman, F. J. Federspiel, W. Vernon, D. H. White, Hyun-Chul Kim, I. Cohen, Dominic Smith, D. O. Caldwell, K. Johnston, and G. T. Garvey

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle decay, Particle physics, Pion, Meson, Tau neutrino, Hadron, Elementary particle, Boson, Lepton
Abstract

A search for ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ oscillations has been conducted at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility using ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ from ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decay in flight. An excess in the number of beam-related events from the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{C}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}X$ inclusive reaction is observed. The excess is too large to be explained by normal ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ contamination in the beam at a confidence level greater than 99%. If interpreted as an oscillation signal, the observed oscillation probability of $(2.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ is consistent with the previously reported ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ oscillation evidence from LSND.

Published
1998
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19. Results onνμ→νeNeutrino Oscillations from the LSND Experiment

Author

D. H. White, G. B. Mills, Hyun-Chul Kim, D. Works, R. Tayloe, N. Wadia, W. C. Louis, W. Vernon, W. Strossman, R. Majkic, R. L. Imlay, J. B. Donahue, R. A. Reeder, R. L. Burman, Y. Xiao, D. O. Caldwell, L. B. Auerbach, S. J. Yellin, C. Athanassopoulos, F. J. Federspiel, G. J. VanDalen, R. M. Gunasingha, K. Johnston, G. T. Garvey, E. D. Church, K. McIlhany, I. Stancu, V. D. Sandberg, Jacob Waltz, David J. Smith, A. R. Fazely, and I. Cohen

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Particle physics, Electron energy, General Physics and Astronomy, Neutrino oscillation, Calculation methods
Abstract

A search for ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ oscillations has been conducted with the LSND apparatus using ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ from ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decay in flight. Two analyses observe a total of 40 beam-on high-energy (60--200 MeV) electron events consistent with the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}\mathrm{C}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}X$ inclusive reaction. This number is significantly above the $21.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.1$ events expected from the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ contamination in the beam and the beam-off background. If interpreted as an oscillation signal, the observed oscillation probability of $(2.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ is consistent with the previously reported ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ oscillation evidence from LSND.

Published
1998
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20. Measurements of the reactions12C(νμ,μ−)12Ng.s.and12C(νμ,μ−)X

Author

K. Johnston, L. B. Auerbach, I. Cohen, V. D. Sandberg, D. Works, W. C. Louis, A. R. Fazely, G. B. Mills, Y. X. Wang, Rex Tayloe, W. Strossman, W. Metcalf, F. J. Federspiel, N. Wadia, R. M. Gunasingha, W. Vernon, A. M. Eisner, J. B. Donahue, G. J. VanDalen, D. H. White, B. D. Dieterle, G. T. Garvey, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Majkic, R. L. Burman, Yan Xiao, C. Athanassopoulos, D. O. Caldwell, E. Church, R. L. Imlay, S. J. Yellin, R. A. Reeder, K. McIlhany, I. Stancu, David J. Smith, M. Gray, and Jacob Waltz

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Continuum (set theory)
Abstract

Charged current scattering of ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ on ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ has been studied using a ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decay-in-flight ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ beam at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility. A sample of 56.8 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}9.6$ events satisfying criteria for the exclusive reaction ${}^{12}{\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}{,\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}{)}^{12}{\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{s}.}$ was obtained using a large liquid scintillator neutrino detector. The observed flux-averaged cross section $(6.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}41}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ agrees well with reliable theoretical expectations. A measurement was also obtained for the inclusive cross section to all accessible ${}^{12}\mathrm{N}$ states ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}({\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}},{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})X.$ This flux-averaged cross section is $(11.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}40}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2},$ which is approximately half of that given by a recent continuum random-phase approximation calculation.

Published
1997
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21. Measurements of the reactions12C(νe,e−)12Ng.s.and12C(νe,e−)12N*

Author

M. Gray, D. Works, R. M. Gunasingha, K. McIlhany, I. Stancu, W. C. Louis, R. L. Burman, K. Johnston, A. R. Fazely, Y. Xiao, V. D. Sandberg, Jacob Waltz, W. Vernon, L. B. Auerbach, B. D. Dieterle, David J. Smith, N. Wadia, R. L. Imlay, R. A. Reeder, D. H. White, Hyun-Chul Kim, I. Cohen, G. B. Mills, S. J. Yellin, C. Athanassopoulos, D. O. Caldwell, R. Majkic, W. Metcalf, J. Margulies, J. B. Donahue, A.M. Eisner, G. J. VanDalen, G. T. Garvey, W. D. Strossman, Y. X. Wang, R. Tayloe, and F. J. Federspiel

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector, Muon, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear physics, Excited state, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Neutrino, Charged current, Lepton
Abstract

Charged current reactions of nu_e on 12C have been studied using a mu decay-at-rest nu_e beam from the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility. More than 500 events from the exclusive reaction 12C + nu_e -> e- + 12N g.s. were measured in a large Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND). The observed energy dependence of the cross section and the angular distribution of the outgoing electron agree well with theoretical expectations. Measurements are also presented for inclusive transitions to 12N excited states, 12C + nu_e -> e- + 12N and compared with theoretical expectations. Results are consistent with a recent Continuum Random Phase Approximation (CRPA) calculation.

Published
1997
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22. Evidence for neutrino oscillations from muon decay at rest

Author

A. Fazely, W. Metcalf, F. J. Federspiel, D. H. White, Hyun-Chul Kim, L. B. Auerbach, D. O. Caldwell, R. A. Reeder, M. Gray, C. Athanassopoulos, A. M. Eisner, S. J. Yellin, R. Majkic, R. Tayloe, R. L. Burman, Jacob Waltz, R. M. Gunasingha, K. McIlhany, Y. Xiao, I. Stancu, B. D. Dieterle, W. Vernon, G. B. Mills, G. J. VanDalen, G. T. Garvey, David Smith, V. D. Sandberg, W. C. Louis, W. Strossman, J. Margulies, K. Johnston, R. L. Imlay, D. Works, Y. X. Wang, N. Wadia, I. Cohen, and J. B. Donahue

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Antiparticle, Particle physics, Muon, Nuclear Theory, Meson, FOS: Physical sciences, Elementary particle, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Particle decay, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino oscillation, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear theory, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

A search for nu_bar_mu to nu_bar_e oscillations has been conducted at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility using nu_bar_mu from mu+ decay at rest. The nu_bar_e are detected via the reaction (nu_bar_e,p) -> (e+,n), correlated with the 2.2 MeV gamma from (n,p) -> (d,gamma). The use of tight cuts to identify e+ events with correlated gamma rays yields 22 events with e+ energy between 36 and 60 MeV and only 4.6 (+/- 0.6) background events. The probability that this excess is due entirely to a statistical fluctuation is 4.1E-08. A chi^2 fit to the entire e+ sample results in a total excess of 51.8 (+18.7) (-16.9) (+/- 8.0) events with e+ energy between 20 and 60 MeV. If attributed to nu_bar_mu -> nu_bar_e oscillations, this corresponds to an oscillation probability (averaged over the experimental energy and spatial acceptance) of 0.0031 (+0.0011) (-0.0010) (+/- 0.0005)., 57 pages, 34 figures, revtex, additional information available at http://nu1.lampf.lanl.gov/~lsnd/

Published
1996
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23. Evidence forν¯μ→ν¯eOscillations from the LSND Experiment at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility

Author

D. Works, K. Johnston, J. Margulies, R. M. Gunasingha, N. Wadia, W. C. Louis, R. Majkic, L. B. Auerbach, R. L. Burman, W. Metcalf, Rex Tayloe, I. Cohen, G. B. Mills, Y. Xiao, F. J. Federspiel, C. Athanassopoulos, W. Strossman, S. J. Yellin, M Gray, G. J. VanDalen, W. Vernon, G. T. Garvey, R. A. Reeder, A. M. Eisner, R. L. Imlay, K. McIlhany, J. B. Donahue, I. Stancu, V. Sandberg, Jacob Waltz, Y. X. Wang, D. O. Caldwell, D. H. White, Hyun-Chul Kim, B. D. Dieterle, A. R. Fazely, and David J. Smith

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Oscillation, General Physics and Astronomy, Nuclear theory, Energy (signal processing), Bar (unit)
Abstract

A search for ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ oscillations has been conducted at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility by using ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ from ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}$ decay at rest. The ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ are detected via the reaction ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}n$, correlated with a $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ from $\mathrm{np}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d\ensuremath{\gamma}$ ( $2.2\mathrm{MeV}$). The use of tight cuts to identify ${e}^{+}$ events with correlated $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays yields 22 events with ${e}^{+}$ energy between 36 and $60\mathrm{MeV}$ and only $4.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6$ background events. A fit to the ${e}^{+}$ events between 20 and $60\mathrm{MeV}$ yields a total excess of ${51.0}_{\ensuremath{-}19.5}^{+20.2}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}8.0$ events. If attributed to ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ oscillations, this corresponds to an oscillation probability of ( $0.31\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$)%.

Published
1996
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24. Candidate Events in a Search forν¯μ→ν¯eOscillations

Author

W. Metcalf, M. Schillaci, F. J. Federspiel, B. D. Dieterle, I. Cohen, D. A. Whitehouse, W. C. Louis, R. A. Reeder, D. Works, J. Margulies, R. L. Imlay, R. L. Burman, D. H. White, D. O. Caldwell, C. Athanassopoulos, M Gray, K. Johnston, A. Lu, L. B. Auerbach, A. M. Eisner, V. D. Sandberg, J. B. Donahue, W. Vernon, S. J. Yellin, M. K. Sullivan, R. M. Gunasingha, W. Strossman, V. L. Highland, Y. Xiao, A. R. Fazely, D. A. Bauer, R. D. Bolton, G. J. VanDalen, G. T. Garvey, Y. X. Wang, David J. Smith, K. McIlhany, I. Stancu, and B. Boyd

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Meson, Oscillation, General Physics and Astronomy, Muon neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Electron neutrino, Nuclear theory, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

A search for ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$'s in excess of the number expected from conventional sources has been made using the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector, located 30 m behind the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility beam stop. The ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ are detected via ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}n$ with ${e}^{+}$ energy between 36 and $60\mathrm{MeV}$, followed by a $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ ray from $\mathrm{np}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}d\ensuremath{\gamma}$ ( $2.2\mathrm{MeV}$). Using strict cuts to identify $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays correlated with ${e}^{+}$ yields 9 events with only $2.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3$ background expected. A likelihood fit to the entire ${e}^{+}$ sample results in a total excess of ${16.4}_{\ensuremath{-}8.9}^{+9.7}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.3$ events. If attributed to ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ oscillations, this corresponds to an oscillation probability of ( ${0.34}_{\ensuremath{-}0.18}^{+0.20}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07$)%.

Published
1995
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25. Measurement of the reactionC12(νμ,μ−)Xnear threshold

Author

W. Metcalf, M. Schillaci, F. J. Federspiel, R. M. Gunasingha, D. Works, R. A. Reeder, I. Cohen, D. A. Whitehouse, J. Hill, Y. X. Wang, K. Johnston, W. Vernon, Yonghong Xiao, K. McIlhany, I. Stancu, A. Lu, V. L. Highland, L. B. Auerbach, A.M. Eisner, B. D. Dieterle, W. C. Louis, W. Strossman, D. A. Bauer, S. J. Yellin, R. L. Burman, D. H. White, J. B. Donahue, David J. Smith, J. Margulies, G. J. VanDalen, G. T. Garvey, C. Athanassopoulos, M. Albert, R. L. Imlay, R. D. Bolton, A. K. Mann, B. Boyd, D. O. Caldwell, V. D. Sandberg, M. K. Sullivan, and A. R. Fazely

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published
1995
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26. Measurement of acoustic attenuation in South Pole ice

Author

A. Piegsa, P. Roth, L. Gustafsson, J. L. Kelley, K.-H. Becker, Markus Ahlers, Larissa Paul, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, K. Kuehn, K. Beattie, Albrecht Karle, O. Schulz, K. Meagher, T. Krings, K. Mase, Christian Spiering, R. Porrata, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, E. A. Strahler, A. Schukraft, Delia Tosi, S. Hussain, Timo Karg, B. Semburg, S. Knops, Justin Vandenbroucke, J. H. Koehne, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, P. B. Price, Gerald Przybylski, Dirk Ryckbosch, F. Clevermann, C. Pérez de los Heros, A. Gross, Dirk Lennarz, Hermann Kolanoski, H. Wissing, A. Schultes, J. M. Clem, Jon Dumm, M. Prikockis, T. Waldenmaier, Joanna Kiryluk, D. J. Boersma, A. Van Overloop, J. J. Beatty, J. P. Rodrigues, Dj. Koskinen, T. Stezelberger, T. O. B. Schmidt, C. Ha, M. Kowalski, J. P. Yanez, Henrik J. Johansson, M. L. Benabderrahmane, M. Danninger, P. Berghaus, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, S. Panknin, Kurt Woschnagg, F. Rothmaier, Paul Evenson, G. W. Sullivan, S.J. Lafebre, A. Silvestri, S. Euler, M. Stamatikos, Fabian Kislat, Matthias Geisler, K. Hultqvist, N. Kemming, James E. Braun, Darren Grant, H. Landsman, Paraic A. Kenny, Juanan Aguilar, Takao Kuwabara, T. Kowarik, B. Christy, A. Tamburro, B. Voigt, Anna Franckowiak, Xinhua Bai, W. Huelsnitz, K. Helbing, Christopher Wiebusch, Dmitry Chirkin, M. V. D'Agostino, K. Schatto, J. Posselt, G. Kohnen, Damian Pieloth, M. Ono, D. Hubert, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, A. Ishihara, Thomas Meures, Karen Andeen, M. Merck, Alexander Kappes, A. Goldschmidt, J. L. Bazo Alba, J. Luenemann, Yolanda Sestayo de la Cerra, L. Demiroers, K. Wiebe, G. Stephens, S. Westerhoff, R. Nahnhauer, T. Feusels, K. Hoshina, L. Koepke, T. Abu-Zayyad, O. Tarasova, K. Han, J. E. Jacobsen, Glenn Spiczak, Pratik Majumdar, J. K. Becker, Reina H. Maruyama, Carsten Rott, L. Gerhardt, R. Ehrlich, M. Matusik, T. Gluesenkamp, Spencer Klein, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, U. Naumann, Olga Botner, A. Olivas, R. W. Ellsworth, M. Bissok, M. M. Foerster, B. Ruzybayev, R. Ganugapati, Laura C. Bradley, E. Blaufuss, M. R. Duvoort, J. C. Gallagher, D. F. Cowen, Kara Hoffman, R. L. Imlay, S. H. Seo, Xianwu Xu, O. Depaepe, S. Stoyanov, Allan Hallgren, C. Bohm, S. M. Movit, K. Laihem, N. Milke, George Japaridze, David A. Schneider, O. Engdegård, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Michael J. Baker, Elisa Resconi, P. Niessen, L. Gladstone, J. Berdermann, H. S. Matis, D. Seckel, S. Boeser, S. Tilav, I. Taboada, Wolfgang Rhode, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, R. C. Bay, M. Labare, T. Straszheim, J. van Santen, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, D. Turcan, J. Dreyer, Y. Abdou, S. Bechet, Francis Halzen, P. Redl, P. Zarzhitsky, J. W. Nam, J. P. Huelss, O. Fadiran, Karl-Heinz Kampert, H. G. Sander, Kirill Filimonov, D. R. Nygren, S. Odrowski, Chun Xu, J. M. Joseph, Rasha Abbasi, Peter Mészáros, Stijn Buitink, R. Morse, B. D. Fox, D. Bertrand, M. Wallraff, M. Gurtner, C. Roucelle, D. Z. Besson, Nathan Whitehorn, S. Cohen, J. Auffenberg, Chad Finley, C. Colnard, Jenni Adams, Subir Sarkar, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, R. Wischnewski, J. Petrovic, R. M. Gunasingha, A. Slipakaj, R. J. Lauer, M. Olivo, J. A. Goodman, C. De Clercq, David A. Williams, M. Krasberg, S. W. Barwick, Q. Swillens, S. Yoshida, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, N. van Eijndhoven, M. Ribordy, S. Schlenstedt, G. Kroll, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, R. Lehmann, F. Descamps, Ph. Herquet, A. Tepe, R. Franke, Kael Hanson, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, Paolo Desiati, S. Seunarine, D. Rutledge, K. Rawlins, James Madsen, A. Homeier, Teresa Montaruli, M. Schunck, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Subatomic and Radiation Physics, University of Gent, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Tuscaloosa), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Wuppertal, University of Delaware [Newark], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, University of California, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Dept. of Astronomy, Science Faculty CP230, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Stockholm University, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, University Park, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), École Polytechnique Fédérale, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [PennState], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Southern University, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Physics [Edmonton], University of Alberta, University of Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Christchurch] (DPA), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], Université de Mons (UMons), Chiba University, University of Alaska [Anchorage], University of the West Indies, Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Acoustic attenuation, Acoustics, Ice, Neutrino astronomy, South Pole, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], ice, FOS: Physical sciences, Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5], Lambda, 01 natural sciences, neutrino astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Optics, Spectrum, 0103 physical sciences, acoustics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Attenuation, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Transmitter, Attenuation length, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geodesy, Amplitude, Attenuation coefficient, ddc:540, Neutrino, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, acoustic attenuation
Abstract

Using the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) and a retrievable transmitter deployed in holes drilled for the IceCube experiment, we have measured the attenuation of acoustic signals by South Pole ice at depths between 190 m and 500 m. Three data sets, using different acoustic sources, have been analyzed and give consistent results. The method with the smallest systematic uncertainties yields an amplitude attenuation coefficient alpha = 3.20 \pm 0.57 km^(-1) between 10 and 30 kHz, considerably larger than previous theoretical estimates. Expressed as an attenuation length, the analyses give a consistent result for lambda = 1/alpha of ~1/300 m with 20% uncertainty. No significant depth or frequency dependence has been found., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, published in Astroparticle Physics, 2010

Published
2011
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27. Radiation damage studies for the SDC electromagnetic calorimeter

Author

J.C. Courtney, G. McMills, R. L. Imlay, W. J. Metcalf, C. Lyndon, B.J. Vegara, E.S. Khosravi, R.R. McNeil, Rahman Tashakkori, Jit-Ning Lim, A. Fazely, and R. M. Gunasingha

Subjects
Physics, Radiation, Luminosity (scattering theory), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Scintillator, Calorimeter, visual_art, Measuring instrument, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Radiation damage, Optoelectronics, Tile, Irradiation, business, Radiation resistance
Abstract

We report the results from a year long study aimed at radiation resistance and optical performance of scintillator tile with green wave shifter fiber readout. A careful investigation of several rad-hard plastic scintillators from Bicron and Kuraray, studies indicate that for a specific rad-hard Bicron scintillator, it is possible to build a tile/fiber EM calorimeter that can operate in the design luminosity of SSC. This calorimeter with excellent optical response would only have a light loss of about 5% after being exposed to 1 Mrad.

Published
1993
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28. A feasibility study using radiochromic films for fast neutron 2D passive dosimetry

Author

Terry T. Yoshizumi, B. Fallin, A. S. Crowell, C. R. Howell, Mark W. Dewhirst, R. M. Gunasingha, Samuel L. Brady, and Anton Tonchev

Subjects
Materials science, Film Dosimetry, Calibration curve, Dose profile, Helium, Imaging phantom, Article, Fast Neutrons, Mice, Optics, Dosimetry, Animals, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neutron, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Phantoms, Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Radiotherapy Dosage, Neutron radiation, Neutron temperature, Mockup, Calibration, Feasibility Studies, business, Nuclear medicine, Monte Carlo Method, Algorithms, Aluminum, Hydrogen
Abstract

The objective of this paper is threefold: (1) to establish sensitivity of XRQA and EBT radiochromic films to fast neutron exposure; (2) to develop a film response to radiation dose calibration curve and (3) to investigate a two-dimensional (2D) film dosimetry technique for use in establishing an experimental setup for a radiobiological irradiation of mice and to assess the dose to the mice in this setup. The films were exposed to a 10 MeV neutron beam via the (2)H(d,n)(3)He reaction. The XRQA film response was a factor of 1.39 greater than EBT film response to the 10 MeV neutron beam when exposed to a neutron dose of 165 cGy. A film response-to-soft tissue dose calibration function was established over a range of 0-10 Gy and had a goodness of fit of 0.9926 with the calibration data. The 2D film dosimetry technique estimated the neutron dose to the mice by measuring the dose using a mouse phantom and by placing a piece of film on the exterior of the experimental mouse setup. The film results were benchmarked using Monte Carlo and aluminum (Al) foil activation measurements. The radiochromic film, Monte Carlo and Al foil dose measurements were strongly correlated, and the film within the mouse phantom agreed to better than 7% of the externally mounted films. These results demonstrated the potential application of radiochromic films for passive 2D neutron dosimetry.

Published
2010

29. Search capability forη→νe,τν¯e,τdecays in cubic-kilometer neutrino detectors

Author

R. L. Imlay, R. M. Gunasingha, A. R. Fazely, Xianwu Xu, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, and K. D. Muhammad

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Particle decay, Meson, Branching fraction, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Elementary particle, Sensitivity (control systems), Neutrino, Lepton, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract

We investigate the discovery potential of cubic-kilometer neutrino observatories such as IceCube to set stringent limits on the forbidden decays {eta}{yields}{nu}{sub e{nu}e} and {eta}{yields}{nu}{sub {tau}{nu}{tau}.} The signatures for these decays are cascade events resulting from the charged-current reactions of {nu}{sub e}, {nu}{sub {tau},} {nu}{sub e}, and {nu}{sub {tau}}on nuclei in such detectors. Background cascade events are mainly due to {nu}{sub e}'s from atmospheric {mu}, K{sup +}, and K{sub S}{sup 0} decays and to a lesser extent from atmospheric {nu}{sub {mu}}neutral-current interactions with nuclei. A direct upper limit for the branching ratio {eta}{yields}{nu}{sub e,{tau}{nu}e,{tau}}of 6.1x10{sup -4} at 90% CL can be achieved.

Published
2010
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30. Limits on a muon flux from Kaluza-Klein dark matter annihilations in the Sun from the IceCube 22-string detector

Author

C. Pérez de los Heros, B. D. Fox, T. Krings, Jenni Adams, J.-P. Hülß, E. Blaufuss, N. van Eijndhoven, D. Bertrand, J. Tooker, M. Wallraff, M. Gurtner, H. S. Matis, R. Gozzini, J. W. Nam, Hermann Kolanoski, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, A. Tepe, C. Roucelle, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Thomas Meures, M. Schunck, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, M. C. Stoufer, S. Schlenstedt, D. Turcan, N. Milke, Francis Halzen, George Japaridze, D. R. Nygren, S. Odrowski, R. Ehrlich, S. M. Movit, Laura C. Bradley, M. Merck, K. Wiebe, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, G. Kroll, B. Semburg, C. Terranova, H. Wissing, A. Olivas, P. Roth, O. Fadiran, M. R. Duvoort, R. Lehmann, R. Wischnewski, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, D. Rutledge, S. Panknin, R. Porrata, K. Rawlins, P. Berghaus, O. Depaepe, S. Stoyanov, Ph. Herquet, O. Engdegård, K. Kuehn, Carsten Rott, T. Straszheim, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Christopher Wiebusch, Q. Swillens, Fabian Kislat, Karen Andeen, A. Slipak, S. Tilav, M. Bissok, J. M. Clem, S. Euler, D. Z. Besson, K. Beattie, Jon Dumm, J. van Santen, M. Prikockis, T. Waldenmaier, Joanna Kiryluk, Timo Karg, Kael Hanson, M. Danninger, O. Schulz, Y. Hasegawa, Xianwu Xu, T. Abu-Zayyad, S. Seunarine, L. Demirörs, T. Kowarik, A. Homeier, J. Lünemann, Elisa Resconi, Dirk Lennarz, E. Middell, H. Landsman, R. W. Ellsworth, Elisa Bernardini, R. Nahnhauer, A. Tamburro, C. Bohm, K. Mase, B. Voigt, P. Nießen, Johan Lundberg, Pratik Majumdar, K.-H. Becker, J. Berdermann, Rasha Abbasi, M. Ribordy, Xinhua Bai, Teresa Montaruli, J. Dreyer, Nathan Whitehorn, S. Cohen, R. C. Bay, Y. Abdou, B. Ruzybayev, Damian Pieloth, R. L. Imlay, Peter Mészáros, J. Petrovic, M. V. D'Agostino, D. Hubert, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, R. M. Gunasingha, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, W. Huelsnitz, Subir Sarkar, Paolo Desiati, David A. Schneider, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, C. Ha, J. J. Beatty, T. Castermans, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Dirk Ryckbosch, M. Olivo, J. A. Goodman, Michael J. Baker, D. F. Cowen, Larissa Paul, K. Helbing, D. Breder, D. J. Boersma, L. Gladstone, C. T. Day, K. Hoshina, D. Seckel, P. B. Price, R. J. Lauer, L. Köpke, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, A. Silvestri, M. Stamatikos, M. Krasberg, Glenn Spiczak, E. A. Strahler, G. Stephens, S. Westerhoff, C. De Clercq, I. Taboada, David A. Williams, Albrecht Karle, S.J. Lafebre, Paraic A. Kenny, Juanan Aguilar, Spencer Klein, T. O. B. Schmidt, C. P. McParland, Reina H. Maruyama, Jens Madsen, S. W. Barwick, A. Wiedemann, O. Tarasova, K. Meagher, J. Auffenberg, M. Kowalski, Todor Stanev, Takao Kuwabara, C. Wendt, A. Goldschmidt, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, J. K. Becker, W. R. Edwards, F. Descamps, H. Miyamoto, S. Hussain, Kurt Woschnagg, D. J. Koskinen, Paul Evenson, R. Franke, C. Walck, A. Lucke, M. M. Foerster, Christian Spiering, B. Christy, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, Wolfgang Rhode, J. C. Gallagher, J. M. Joseph, Allan Hallgren, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, S. Bechet, S. Yoshida, A. Ishihara, J. Bolmont, R. Morse, P. Redl, Dmitry Chirkin, Chad Finley, S. Knops, Alexander Kappes, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Kirill Filimonov, Justin Vandenbroucke, F. Rothmaier, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, H. G. Sander, Chun Xu, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, G. W. Sullivan, N. Kemming, James E. Braun, D. Tosi, Gerald Przybylski, M. Inaba, M. Labare, Henrik J. Johansson, Axel Groß, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, Anna Franckowiak, S. H. Seo, N. Potthoff, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, M. Ono, J. L. Bazo Alba, K. Han, T. Feusels, Olga Botner, J. E. Jacobsen, L. Gerhardt, A. Piegsa, S. J. Patton, A. Van Overloop, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Cosmic rays, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Annihilation, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Massless particle, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Other gauge bosons, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Lepton
Abstract

A search for muon neutrinos from Kaluza-Klein dark matter annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the 22-string configuration of the IceCube neutrino detector using data collected in 104.3 days of live-time in 2007. No excess over the expected atmospheric background has been observed. Upper limits have been obtained on the annihilation rate of captured lightest Kaluza-Klein particle (LKP) WIMPs in the Sun and converted to limits on the LKP-proton cross-sections for LKP masses in the range 250 -- 3000 GeV. These results are the most stringent limits to date on LKP annihilation in the Sun., 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2010
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31. The energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos between 2 and 200 TeV with the AMANDA-II detector

Author

Laura C. Bradley, R. Ehrlich, A. Olivas, O. Depaepe, S. Stoyanov, M. R. Duvoort, S. Seunarine, A. Slipak, S. Tilav, J. Lünemann, Peter Mészáros, J. van Santen, R. C. Bay, D. Rutledge, P. Nießen, H. G. Sander, D. Z. Besson, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Chun Xu, P. Roth, J. K. Becker, J. L. Kelley, G. Stephens, Markus Ahlers, S. Westerhoff, S. Bechet, J.-P. Hülß, Jens Madsen, O. Tarasova, J. M. Joseph, M. Krasberg, Stijn Buitink, K. Rawlins, R. Porrata, P. Redl, C. Ha, R. Morse, H. Landsman, J. Auffenberg, Q. Swillens, K. Hoshina, S. Yoshida, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, M. M. Foerster, J. C. Gallagher, H. S. Matis, D. Turcan, Glenn Spiczak, F. Rothmaier, Henrik J. Johansson, Nathan Whitehorn, Matthias Geisler, T. Glüsenkamp, K. Hultqvist, M. Stamatikos, M. V. D'Agostino, M. L. Benabderrahmane, A. Schultes, A. Homeier, Allan Hallgren, Darren Grant, Teresa Montaruli, M. Ono, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, T. Abu-Zayyad, J. L. Bazo Alba, Pratik Majumdar, O. Fadiran, U. Naumann, Larissa Paul, A. Silvestri, Carsten Rott, R. Ganugapati, M. Schunck, Ph. Herquet, J. M. Clem, Jon Dumm, M. Prikockis, T. Waldenmaier, Joanna Kiryluk, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Kirill Filimonov, T. Feusels, D. F. Cowen, P. B. Price, Christian Spiering, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, T. Krings, E. A. Strahler, Karen Andeen, J. E. Jacobsen, Subir Sarkar, M. Bissok, K. Münich, F. Clevermann, P. Berghaus, A. Goldschmidt, Paraic A. Kenny, Juanan Aguilar, Albrecht Karle, S. Panknin, S. Knops, Justin Vandenbroucke, N. Milke, George Japaridze, O. Engdegård, T. O. B. Schmidt, Takao Kuwabara, L. Gerhardt, Hermann Kolanoski, A. Piegsa, S. Euler, J. J. Beatty, M. Kowalski, M. Danninger, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, B. Christy, Fabian Kislat, Xianwu Xu, K.-H. Becker, K. Kuehn, T. Kowarik, Dmitry Chirkin, A. Ishihara, F. Descamps, Alexander Kappes, E. Blaufuss, Anna Franckowiak, R. Nahnhauer, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, Chad Finley, Damian Pieloth, D. J. Boersma, R. L. Imlay, C. Bohm, A. Tepe, D. Hubert, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, Elisa Resconi, J. Posselt, J. Berdermann, K. Meagher, A. Tamburro, Dirk Lennarz, G. W. Sullivan, B. Voigt, N. Kemming, James E. Braun, A. Van Overloop, Xinhua Bai, R. Franke, C. Walck, Jenni Adams, S.J. Lafebre, L. Köpke, S. M. Movit, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, K. Beattie, O. Schulz, K. Schatto, Reina H. Maruyama, W. Huelsnitz, M. Matusik, S. Hussain, D. J. Koskinen, Spencer Klein, J. P. Rodrigues, S. Hickford, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, Anatoli Fedynitch, Thomas Meures, K. Helbing, Dirk Ryckbosch, G. Kohnen, R. Wischnewski, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, M. Merck, M. Ribordy, R. J. Lauer, I. Taboada, J. Petrovic, R. M. Gunasingha, Wolfgang Rhode, Tim Ruhe, C. De Clercq, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, J. Dreyer, Y. Abdou, A. R. Fazely, S. Böser, M. Olivo, J. A. Goodman, David A. Williams, S. H. Seo, S. W. Barwick, D. Tosi, C. Colnard, C. Pérez de los Heros, M. Labare, S. Cohen, Axel Groß, Timo Karg, R. W. Ellsworth, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, K. Wiebe, Gerald Przybylski, K. Han, Olga Botner, B. D. Fox, D. Bertrand, M. Wallraff, M. Gurtner, C. Roucelle, K. Mase, Christopher Wiebusch, L. Demirörs, B. Ruzybayev, J. W. Nam, Kael Hanson, David A. Schneider, D. R. Nygren, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Paolo Desiati, Michael J. Baker, N. van Eijndhoven, L. Gladstone, D. Seckel, S. Schlenstedt, S. Odrowski, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, G. Kroll, T. Straszheim, R. Lehmann, Rasha Abbasi, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, B. Semburg, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Subatomic and Radiation Physics, University of Gent, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Christchurch] (DPA), University of Canterbury [Christchurch], University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Wuppertal, University of Delaware [Newark], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Irvine], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, University of California, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Dept. of Astronomy, Science Faculty CP230, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Stockholm University, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, University Park, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), École Polytechnique Fédérale, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [PennState], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Utrecht], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Southern University, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Physics [Edmonton], University of Alberta, Institute of Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Université de Mons (UMons), Chiba University, University of Alaska [Anchorage], University of the West Indies, Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Tuscaloosa), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Particle physics, AMANDA, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Atmospheric neutrinos, Cherenkov radiation, Neural net, Unfolding, neural net, FOS: Physical sciences, Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, unfolding, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, atmospheric neutrinos, Cosmic neutrino background, Neutrino detector, ddc:540, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The muon and anti-muon neutrino energy spectrum is determined from 2000-2003 AMANDA telescope data using regularised unfolding. This is the first measurement of atmospheric neutrinos in the energy range 2 - 200 TeV. The result is compared to different atmospheric neutrino models and it is compatible with the atmospheric neutrinos from pion and kaon decays. No significant contribution from charm hadron decays or extraterrestrial neutrinos is detected. The capabilities to improve the measurement of the neutrino spectrum with the successor experiment IceCube are discussed., Comment: submitted to Astroparticle Physics

Published
2010
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32. Limits on a muon flux from neutralino annihilations in the sun with the IceCube 22-string detector

Author

E. Blaufuss, Jenni Adams, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, J.-P. Hülß, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, M. C. Stoufer, S. Schlenstedt, H. S. Matis, Dirk Ryckbosch, D. Rutledge, R. Wischnewski, H. Leich, D. Turcan, S. M. Movit, Francis Halzen, O. Fadiran, P. Berghaus, Christopher Wiebusch, J. W. Nam, S. Euler, J. Petrovic, M. V. D'Agostino, Albrecht Karle, R. M. Gunasingha, D. R. Nygren, K. Rawlins, Damian Pieloth, D. Hubert, James Madsen, Jon Dumm, M. Prikockis, T. Waldenmaier, Teresa Montaruli, C. Pérez de los Heros, John Heise, M. R. Duvoort, S. Odrowski, Marek Kowalski, P. Roth, J. J. Beatty, A. Piegsa, H. Landsman, M. Krasberg, Joanna Kiryluk, Karen Andeen, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, A. Wiedemann, Christian Bohm, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, M. Danninger, C. T. Day, David A. Schneider, M. Olivo, J. A. Goodman, L. Köpke, A. Slipak, S. Tilav, F. Descamps, D. Breder, H. Miyamoto, K. Meagher, Reina H. Maruyama, N. Milke, George Japaridze, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, E. A. Strahler, M. Schunck, K. Mase, T. Kowarik, S. Yoshida, W. R. Edwards, Y. Hasegawa, A. Mohr, Laura C. Bradley, Spencer Klein, Michael J. Baker, S. J. Patton, K. H. Becker, R. Franke, O. Depaepe, M. Tluczykont, L. Gladstone, P. Nießen, R. Nahnhauer, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, B. Voigt, S. Stoyanov, O. Engdegård, C. Walck, A. Lucke, P. B. Price, Peter Mészáros, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, P. A. Toale, S. Grullon, R. Gozzini, Xinhua Bai, John Clem, T. Straszheim, K. Kuehn, S. Seunarine, M. Stamatikos, Carsten Rott, J. Lünemann, D. J. Boersma, R. C. Bay, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Q. Swillens, S. Panknin, Fabian Kislat, A. Tepe, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, Ph. Herquet, Kael Hanson, C. P. McParland, G. Stephens, S. Westerhoff, O. Tarasova, T. O. B. Schmidt, M. Bissok, Dirk Lennarz, D. Z. Besson, A. Van Overloop, E. Middell, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, K. Beattie, Wolfgang Rhode, R. Porrata, S. Böser, A. Goldschmidt, Xianwu Xu, Kurt Woschnagg, O. Schulz, C. Roucelle, Elisa Bernardini, R. L. Imlay, Christian Spiering, Konstancja Satalecka, Paul Evenson, M. Ono, S. Knops, Justin Vandenbroucke, Elisa Resconi, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, K. Münich, W. Huelsnitz, J. L. Bazo Alba, Paolo Desiati, J. P. Rodrigues, J. Berdermann, M. Ribordy, S. Bechet, K. Helbing, H. G. Sander, T. Stezelberger, S. Hussain, Chad Finley, D. Bertrand, Dmitry Chirkin, J. K. Becker, T. Feusels, S. Klepser, T. Castermans, Alexander Kappes, J. E. Jacobsen, F. Rothmaier, P. Redl, Rasha Abbasi, L. Gerhardt, R. J. Lauer, C. Ha, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, M. M. Foerster, A. Silvestri, Timo Karg, Nathan Whitehorn, I. Taboada, Aya Ishihara, J. Auffenberg, C. De Clercq, T. Burgess, J. Dreyer, J. C. Gallagher, Y. Abdou, S.J. Lafebre, M. L. Benabderrahmane, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, M. Gurtner, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, Allan Hallgren, S. W. Barwick, Johan Lundberg, Pratik Majumdar, B. D. Fox, R. Ehrlich, Paraic A. Kenny, Takao Kuwabara, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, D. Seckel, J. Bolmont, Karl-Heinz Kampert, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, Kirill Filimonov, A. Olivas, D. F. Cowen, J. M. Joseph, R. Morse, Subir Sarkar, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, B. Semburg, C. Terranova, M. Merck, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, H. Wissing, L. Demirörs, R. W. Ellsworth, S. H. Seo, Hermann Kolanoski, M. Labare, K. Han, Axel Groß, Olga Botner, Henrik J. Johansson, Anna Franckowiak, N. Potthoff, G. Kohnen, D. Tosi, N. van Eijndhoven, Gerald Przybylski, and M. Inaba

Subjects
Particle physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Neutrino Telescope, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Muon, Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Neutrino detector, 13. Climate action, Neutralino, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

A search for muon neutrinos from neutralino annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the IceCube 22-string neutrino detector using data collected in 104.3 days of live-time in 2007. No excess over the expected atmospheric background has been observed. Upper limits have been obtained on the annihilation rate of captured neutralinos in the Sun and converted to limits on the WIMP-proton cross-sections for WIMP masses in the range 250 - 5000 GeV. These results are the most stringent limits to date on neutralino annihilation in the Sun., 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2009
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33. The IceCube data acquisition system: Signal capture, digitization, and timestamping

Author

Chris Wendt, Spencer Klein, Subir Sarkar, J. M. Joseph, A. Laundrie, Chad Finley, D. Bertrand, Ignacio Taboada, C. P. McParland, Albrecht Karle, J. Ludvig, A. Silvestri, E. Kujawski, P. B. Price, T. O. B. Schmidt, S. Klepser, H. Kawai, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, Peter Mészáros, Karen Andeen, J. Ahrens, K. Mase, K. Meagher, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Henrik J. Johansson, A. Goldschmidt, J. Pretz, M. Danninger, Wolfgang Rhode, J. L. Kelley, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, W. Huelsnitz, K. Hoshina, A. Piegsa, Aya Ishihara, Markus Ahlers, M. M. Foerster, Dmitry Chirkin, K. Beattie, O. Schulz, Alexander Kappes, M. Gurtner, K. Helbing, Glenn Spiczak, S. Kleinfelder, Kael Hanson, F. Descamps, H. Miyamoto, R. Morse, B. Hughey, Anna Franckowiak, N. Potthoff, Jay Gallagher, K. H. Becker, Allan Hallgren, A. Meli, Steven W. Barwick, Johan Lundberg, T. Waldenmaier, J. W. Nam, M. Ribordy, R. Porrata, C. Vogt, B. D. Fox, P. Berghaus, J. Auffenberg, S. Euler, K. Laihem, K. Rawlins, Damian Pieloth, George Japaridze, D. Hubert, C. Walck, S. J. Patton, Reina H. Maruyama, M. Labare, D. Z. Besson, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Chance W. Lewis, Paolo Desiati, R. Franke, K. Münich, A. Lucke, K. Kuehn, W. R. Edwards, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, O. Engdegård, Chinh Vu, Dirk Ryckbosch, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, J. E. Sopher, D. F. Cowen, S. Stoyanov, D. Glowacki, A. Groß, H. F. Chen, R. Ehrlich, A. Olivas, Carsten Rott, K. Han, H. Wissing, C. Ha, M. Merck, A. Mohr, James Madsen, Soebur Razzaque, T. DeYoung, S. Hussain, L. Köpke, Dave Nygren, R. Nahnhauer, M. Hellwig, A. Van Overloop, Elisa Resconi, C. Roucelle, B. Bingham, Nathan Whitehorn, R. Gozzini, S. Schlenstedt, P. Herquet, S. Odrowski, Marek Kowalski, T. Straszheim, H. S. Matis, R.H. Minor, Joanna Kiryluk, E. Blaufuss, Olga Botner, H. G. Sander, D. Wharton, M. R. Duvoort, A. J. Smith, A. Tepe, O. Tarasova, R. L. Imlay, C. Wiedemann, W.J. Robbins, Julia Becker, D. Turcan, M. Ono, Teresa Montaruli, S. Westerhof, P. Sandstrom, Francis Halzen, T. Burgess, P. Redl, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, B. Christy, R. W. Ellsworth, J. Dreyer, H. Landsman, J. L. Bazo Alba, O. Fadiran, S. Grullon, V. Viscomi, Xianwu Xu, J. P. Dumm, S. Panknin, F. Rothmaier, J. Bolmont, G. Kohnen, D. Breeder, T. Kowarik, O. Depaepe, J.-P. Hülß, D. Leier, D. Tosi, M. Krasberg, Fabian Kislat, T. Messarius, J. P. Rodrigues, J. Lünemann, T. Stezelberger, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, James E. Braun, M. V. D'Agostino, B. Voigt, Darren Grant, T. Feusels, Q. Swillens, M. Baker, L. Demirörs, N. van Eijndhoven, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Kirill Filimonov, C. Song, W. Carithers, J. E. Jacobsen, R. Hardtke, G. W. Sullivan, S. Tilav, Xinhua Bai, M. Olivo, Klas Hultqvist, R. C. Bay, L. Gerhardt, H. Waldmann, C. T. Day, A. Mokhtarani, R. J. Lauer, C. Pérez de los Heros, John Heise, S. Yoshida, S. Seunarine, Christian Spiering, Gerald Przybylski, M. Inaba, E. A. Strahler, S. Böser, M. C. Stoufer, C. De Clercq, Christian Bohm, Konstancja Satalecka, D. Hays, Joseph T. Hodges, T. Becka, Justin Vandenbroucke, D. Rutledge, H. Leich, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, Markus Ackermann, S. M. Movit, S. H. Seo, Rasha Abbasi, D. Berley, John Clem, David A. Schneider, G. C. Hill, A. Muratas, D. J. Boersma, L. Gladstone, D. Seckel, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, Hermann Kolanoski, A. R. Fazely, P. A. Toale, A. W. Jones, T. Castermans, P. Roth, Christopher Wiebusch, Anna Davour, J. Haugen, D. Wahl, Timo Karg, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, M. Tluczykont, T. Kuwabara, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, B. Semburg, Elisa Bernardini, J. Petrovic, R. M. Gunasingha, J. A. Goodman, Jenni Adams, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, R. Wischnewski, Y. Hasegawa, and P. Nießen

Subjects
AMANDA, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Neutrino telescope, Signal, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Icecube, Data acquisition, Signal digitization, ddc:530, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Timestamping, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Analog signal, Transmission (telecommunications), Systems design, Timestamp, business, Computer hardware
Abstract

IceCube is a km-scale neutrino observatory under construction at the South Pole with sensors both in the deep ice (InIce) and on the surface (IceTop). The sensors, called Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), detect, digitize and timestamp the signals from optical Cherenkov-radiation photons. The DOM Main Board (MB) data acquisition subsystem is connected to the central DAQ in the IceCube Laboratory (ICL) by a single twisted copper wire-pair and transmits packetized data on demand. Time calibration is maintained throughout the array by regular transmission to the DOMs of precisely timed analog signals, synchronized to a central GPS-disciplined clock. The design goals and consequent features, functional capabilities, and initial performance of the DOM MB, and the operation of a combined array of DOMs as a system, are described here. Experience with the first InIce strings and the IceTop stations indicates that the system design and performance goals have been achieved., 42 pages, 20 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A

Published
2009
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34. ERRATUM: 'Search for High-Energy Muon Neutrinos from the 'Naked-Eye' GRB 080319B with the Icecube Neutrino Telescope' (2009, ApJ, 701, 1721)

Author

Karl-Heinz Sulanke, A. Piegsa, Karen Andeen, G. W. Sullivan, James E. Braun, S. Grullon, S. Panknin, S. J. Patton, J. M. Joseph, P. Berghaus, Fabian Kislat, R. Nahnhauer, A. Van Overloop, K. H. Kampert, F. Rothmaier, K. Hultqvist, M. V. D'Agostino, C. T. Day, David A. Schneider, K. Han, E. A. Strahler, S. Euler, M. Danninger, Darren Grant, J. L. Kelley, Markus Ahlers, M. Labare, P. Roth, C. P. McParland, Johan Lundberg, M. Ono, J. L. Bazo Alba, Olga Botner, I. Taboada, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, T. Castermans, Chad Finley, N. Milke, Pratik Majumdar, George Japaridze, C. Terranova, Dirk Lennarz, A. Goldschmidt, S. Hussain, T. Feusels, Michael J. Baker, R. Porrata, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, J. E. Jacobsen, R. Morse, Damian Pieloth, D. Hubert, L. Köpke, L. Gerhardt, D. Z. Besson, Henrik J. Johansson, D. Bertrand, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, L. Gladstone, D. Seckel, O. Engdegård, J. W. Nam, W. Huelsnitz, Timo Karg, J. M. Clem, D. F. Cowen, S. Schlenstedt, M. R. Duvoort, Anna Franckowiak, N. Potthoff, T. Burgess, Jon Dumm, M. Prikockis, T. Waldenmaier, Joanna Kiryluk, Subir Sarkar, D. R. Nygren, Elisa Resconi, Nathan Whitehorn, P. B. Price, J. Berdermann, G. Stephens, S. Westerhoff, M. Tluczykont, P. Herquet, S. Odrowski, Marek Kowalski, A. Wiedemann, K. Helbing, M. Stamatikos, A. Silvestri, A. Slipak, S. Tilav, Jens Madsen, O. Tarasova, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, M. Gurtner, T. Kowarik, H. G. Sander, F. Descamps, G. Kohnen, H. Miyamoto, T. O. B. Schmidt, Christian Spiering, Y. Hasegawa, Kael Hanson, D. Tosi, E. Blaufuss, P. Nießen, B. Voigt, R. Franke, K. Münich, C. Walck, D. Rutledge, J. Auffenberg, K.-H. Becker, B. D. Fox, K. Hoshina, S. Knops, Justin Vandenbroucke, Kurt Woschnagg, A. Lucke, Glenn Spiczak, M. M. Foerster, Xinhua Bai, Paul Evenson, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, N. van Eijndhoven, H. Leich, J. C. Gallagher, M. Schunck, W. R. Edwards, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, Q. Swillens, M. C. Stoufer, Gerald Przybylski, M. Inaba, Paolo Desiati, Reina H. Maruyama, A. Mohr, Dmitry Chirkin, K. Rawlins, Allan Hallgren, Laura C. Bradley, Alexander Kappes, Dirk Ryckbosch, R. L. Imlay, O. Depaepe, M. Krasberg, S. Stoyanov, S. M. Movit, Albrecht Karle, K. Kuehn, J. Lünemann, M. Merck, D. J. Boersma, R. C. Bay, Peter Mészáros, R. Gozzini, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, S. Böser, S. Klepser, A. R. Fazely, A. Tepe, S. Yoshida, K. Meagher, Teresa Montaruli, R. J. Lauer, J.-P. Hülß, C. De Clercq, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, C. Roucelle, K. Beattie, David A. Williams, D. Turcan, Francis Halzen, O. Schulz, J. Dreyer, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, O. Fadiran, M. Ribordy, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, C. Ha, M. L. Benabderrahmane, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Paraic A. Kenny, Takao Kuwabara, B. Semburg, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, H. Wissing, B. Christy, A. Ishihara, J. Bolmont, J. Petrovic, R. M. Gunasingha, Axel Groß, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, S. H. Seo, Carsten Rott, T. Straszheim, M. Bissok, Julia Becker, Xianwu Xu, C. Bohm, C. Pérez de los Heros, John Heise, M. Olivo, J. A. Goodman, G. Wikström, T. Griesel, Spencer Klein, D. Breder, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, S. Seunarine, Wolfgang Rhode, Rasha Abbasi, S. Bechet, P. Redl, Jenni Adams, L. Demirörs, Kirill Filimonov, Christopher Wiebusch, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, R. Wischnewski, S. Cohen, R. W. Ellsworth, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, Y. Abdou, H. Landsman, Konstancja Satalecka, Hermann Kolanoski, R. Ehrlich, A. Olivas, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Muon, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Solar neutrino, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Neutrino detector, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Naked eye, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, 010306 general physics, Gamma-ray burst, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

We have noticed some mistakes in formulae (A2) and (A5) in the appendix of our paper. The errors are not present in the code used in the analysis and hence none of the plots or results is affected. The correct formulae are below.

Published
2009
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35. Erratum: Multiyear search for a diffuse flux of muon neutrinos with AMANDA-II [Phys. Rev. D76, 042008 (2007)]

Author

A. Achterberg, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. Ahrens, K. Andeen, J. Auffenberg, X. Bai, B. Baret, S. W. Barwick, R. Bay, K. Beattie, T. Becka, J. K. Becker, K.-H. Becker, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, D. Z. Besson, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, J. Bolmont, S. Böser, O. Botner, A. Bouchta, J. Braun, T. Burgess, T. Castermans, D. Chirkin, B. Christy, J. Clem, D. F. Cowen, M. V. D’Agostino, A. Davour, C. T. Day, C. De Clercq, L. Demirörs, F. Descamps, P. Desiati, T. DeYoung, J. C. Diaz-Velez, J. Dreyer, J. P. Dumm, M. R. Duvoort, W. R. Edwards, R. Ehrlich, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, M. M. Foerster, B. D. Fox, A. Franckowiak, R. Franke, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, R. Ganugapati, H. Geenen, L. Gerhardt, A. Goldschmidt, J. A. Goodman, R. Gozzini, T. Griesel, A. Groß, S. Grullon, R. M. Gunasingha, M. Gurtner, C. Ha, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Han, K. Hanson, D. Hardtke, R. Hardtke, J. E. Hart, Y. Hasegawa, T. Hauschildt, D. Hays, J. Heise, K. Helbing, M. Hellwig, P. Herquet, G. C. Hill, J. Hodges, K. D. Hoffman, B. Hommez, K. Hoshina, D. Hubert, B. Hughey, J.-P. Hülß, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hundertmark, M. Inaba, A. Ishihara, J. Jacobsen, G. S. Japaridze, H. Johansson, A. Jones, J. M. Joseph, K.-H. Kampert, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, H. Kawai, J. L. Kelley, F. Kislat, N. Kitamura, S. R. Klein, S. Klepser, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, M. Kowalski, T. Kowarik, M. Krasberg, K. Kuehn, M. Labare, H. Landsman, R. Lauer, H. Leich, D. Leier, I. Liubarsky, J. Lundberg, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, T. McCauley, C. P. McParland, A. Meli, T. Messarius, P. Mészáros, H. Miyamoto, A. Mokhtarani, T. Montaruli, A. Morey, R. Morse, S. M. Movit, K. Münich, R. Nahnhauer, J. W. Nam, P. Nießen, D. R. Nygren, H. Ögelman, A. Olivas, S. Patton, C. Peña-Garay, C. Pérez de los Heros, A. Piegsa, D. Pieloth, A. C. Pohl, R. Porrata, J. Pretz, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, K. Rawlins, S. Razzaque, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, A. Rizzo, S. Robbins, P. Roth, F. Rothmaier, C. Rott, D. Rutledge, D. Ryckbosch, H.-G. Sander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, S. Schlenstedt, T. Schmidt, D. Schneider, D. Seckel, B. Semburg, S. H. Seo, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, A. Silvestri, A. J. Smith, M. Solarz, C. Song, J. E. Sopher, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, M. C. Stoufer, S. Stoyanov, E. A. Strahler, T. Straszheim, K.-H. Sulanke, G. W. Sullivan, T. J. Sumner, I. Taboada, O. Tarasova, A. Tepe, L. Thollander, S. Tilav, M. Tluczykont, P. A. Toale, D. Tosi, D. Turčan, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Vandenbroucke, A. Van Overloop, V. Viscomi, B. Voigt, W. Wagner, C. Walck, H. Waldmann, M. Walter, Y.-R. Wang, C. Wendt, C. H. Wiebusch, C. Wiedemann, G. Wikström, D. R. Williams, R. Wischnewski, H. Wissing, K. Woschnagg, X. W. Xu, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, and J. D. Zornoza

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Cosmic ray, Elementary particle, Massless particle, Neutrino detector, Muon collider, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract

A search for TeV-PeV muon neutrinos with AMANDA-II data collected between 2000 and 2003 established an upper limit of E2Φ90%C:L

Published
2008
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36. Detection of Atmospheric Muon Neutrinos with the IceCube 9-String Detector

Author

A. Achterberg, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. Ahrens, K. Andeen, J. Auffenberg, X. Bai, B. Baret, S. W. Barwick, R. Bay, K. Beattie, T. Becka, J. K. Becker, K.-H. Becker, M. Beimforde, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, D. Z. Besson, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, J. Bolmont, S. Böser, O. Botner, A. Bouchta, J. Braun, C. Burgess, T. Burgess, T. Castermans, D. Chirkin, B. Christy, J. Clem, D. F. Cowen, M. V. D’Agostino, A. Davour, C. T. Day, C. De Clercq, L. Demirörs, F. Descamps, P. Desiati, T. DeYoung, J. C. Diaz-Velez, J. Dreyer, J. P. Dumm, M. R. Duvoort, W. R. Edwards, R. Ehrlich, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, M. M. Foerster, B. D. Fox, A. Franckowiak, R. Franke, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, R. Ganugapati, H. Geenen, L. Gerhardt, A. Goldschmidt, J. A. Goodman, R. Gozzini, T. Griesel, S. Grullon, A. Groß, R. M. Gunasingha, M. Gurtner, C. Ha, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Han, K. Hanson, D. Hardtke, R. Hardtke, J. E. Hart, Y. Hasegawa, T. Hauschildt, D. Hays, J. Heise, K. Helbing, M. Hellwig, P. Herquet, G. C. Hill, J. Hodges, K. D. Hoffman, B. Hommez, K. Hoshina, D. Hubert, B. Hughey, J.-P. Hülß, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hundertmark, M. Inaba, A. Ishihara, J. Jacobsen, G. S. Japaridze, H. Johansson, A. Jones, J. M. Joseph, K.-H. Kampert, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, H. Kawai, J. L. Kelley, F. Kislat, N. Kitamura, S. R. Klein, S. Klepser, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, M. Kowalski, T. Kowarik, M. Krasberg, K. Kuehn, M. Labare, H. Landsman, R. Lauer, H. Leich, D. Leier, I. Liubarsky, J. Lundberg, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, T. McCauley, C. P. McParland, K. Meagher, A. Meli, T. Messarius, P. Mészáros, H. Miyamoto, A. Mokhtarani, T. Montaruli, A. Morey, R. Morse, S. M. Movit, K. Münich, R. Nahnhauer, J. W. Nam, P. Nießen, D. R. Nygren, A. Olivas, S. Patton, C. Peña-Garay, C. Pérez de los Heros, A. Piegsa, D. Pieloth, A. C. Pohl, R. Porrata, J. Pretz, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, K. Rawlins, S. Razzaque, P. Redl, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, A. Rizzo, S. Robbins, P. Roth, F. Rothmaier, C. Rott, D. Rutledge, D. Ryckbosch, H.-G. Sander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, S. Schlenstedt, T. Schmidt, D. Schneider, D. Seckel, B. Semburg, S. H. Seo, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, A. Silvestri, A. J. Smith, C. Song, J. E. Sopher, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, M. C. Stoufer, S. Stoyanov, E. A. Strahler, T. Straszheim, K.-H. Sulanke, G. W. Sullivan, T. J. Sumner, I. Taboada, O. Tarasova, A. Tepe, L. Thollander, S. Tilav, M. Tluczykont, P. A. Toale, D. Tosi, D. Turčan, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Vandenbroucke, A. Van Overloop, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, V. Viscomi, B. Voigt, W. Wagner, C. Walck, H. Waldmann, M. Walter, Y.-R. Wang, C. Wendt, C. H. Wiebusch, G. Wikström, D. R. Williams, R. Wischnewski, H. Wissing, K. Woschnagg, X. W. Xu, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, and J. D. Zornoza

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, education.field_of_study, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, Detector, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Solar neutrino problem, Astrophysics, Neutrino detector, Astronomia, Measurements of neutrino speed, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, education
Abstract

The IceCube neutrino detector is a cubic kilometer TeV to PeV neutrino detector under construction at the geographic South Pole. The dominant population of neutrinos detected in IceCube is due to meson decay in cosmic-ray air showers. These atmospheric neutrinos are relatively well understood and serve as a calibration and verification tool for the new detector. In 2006, the detector was approximately 10% completed, and we report on data acquired from the detector in this configuration. We observe an atmospheric neutrino signal consistent with expectations, demonstrating that the IceCube detector is capable of identifying neutrino events. In the first 137.4 days of live time, 234 neutrino candidates were selected with an expectation of 211±76.1(syst) ±14.5(stat) events from atmospheric neutrinos. © 2007 The American Physical Society.

Published
2007
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37. Multiyear search for a diffuse flux of muon neutrinos with AMANDA-II

Author

H. Landsman, S. Schlenstedt, J. L. Kelley, John Clem, D. Rutledge, C. Wiedemann, H. Leich, D. J. Boersma, R. Porrata, Konstancja Satalecka, D. Hays, Jenni Adams, L. Gerhardt, George Japaridze, J. Auffenberg, C. Ha, K. Rawlins, Hakki Ögelman, S. H. Seo, J.D. Zornoza, D. Leier, Christian Spiering, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, Subir Sarkar, A. J. Smith, R. G. Stokstad, Wolfgang Rhode, A. Meli, R. Wischnewski, B. Hommez, Delia Tosi, James Madsen, Soebur Razzaque, P. B. Price, W. Wagner, Joseph T. Hodges, Justin Vandenbroucke, T. Burgess, A. Piegsa, M. Solarz, J. M. Joseph, I. Liubarsky, Ph. Herquet, N. Kitamura, B. Christy, K. Mase, A. Ishihara, T. O. B. Schmidt, J. Bolmont, R. Ehrlich, Kael Hanson, A. Olivas, Teresa Montaruli, T. J. Sumner, G. Kohnen, S. Grullon, R. M. Gunasingha, L. Demirörs, Elisa Resconi, M. Ribordy, E. Blaufuss, S. Böser, J. E. Hart, S. Seunarine, F. Rothmaier, Michael Stamatikos, A. Morey, K. Beattie, B. D. Fox, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, P. Berghaus, T. Kowarik, K. Hultqvist, R. W. Ellsworth, J. A. Goodman, Fabian Kislat, N. van Eijndhoven, R. Morse, K. Helbing, A. Franckowiak, Albrecht Karle, Yi Wang, Paolo Desiati, Gerald Przybylski, M. Inaba, D. Z. Besson, T. McCauley, A. Van Overloop, Dmitry Chirkin, S. Robbins, M. C. Stoufer, J. Pretz, M. Krasberg, H. Waldmann, S. M. Movit, V. Viscomi, S. Patton, B. Voigt, Xinhua Bai, Alexander Kappes, M. Hellwig, Hermann Kolanoski, R. Gozzini, P. Meszaros, J. Dreyer, K. Han, M. Labare, A. W. Jones, Elisa Bernardini, K. H. Sulanke, H. G. Sander, P. Roth, A. Tepe, Todor Stanev, S. Yoshida, Olga Botner, A. Mokhtarani, Dawn Williams, K. Hoshina, Carlos Pena-Garay, C. Wendt, Johan Lundberg, Glenn Spiczak, O. Tarasova, H. Miyamoto, John S. Gallagher, M. Tluczykont, Chad Finley, D. Bertrand, D. F. Cowen, J. K. Becker, Christian Bohm, David A. Schneider, J.P. Hulss, H. Kawai, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, J. E. Sopher, S. R. Klein, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, A. Achterberg, B. Hughey, D. Seckel, K. Kuehn, W. R. Edwards, Heiko Geenen, A. R. Fazely, R. Franke, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, M. Gurtner, C. Walck, T. Karg, M. M. Foerster, S. Klepser, H. A. B. Johansson, T. Hauschildt, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, Ignacio Taboada, Adam Bouchta, C.P. de los Heros, Allan Hallgren, T. Castermans, R. J. Lauer, C. De Clercq, D. R. Nygren, S. Hundertmark, Marek Kowalski, Markus Ackermann, T. Stezelberger, S. W. Barwick, G. W. Sullivan, H. S. Matis, M. V. D'Agostino, C. Song, D. Turcan, F. Descamps, Francis Halzen, O. Fadiran, C. T. Day, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, E. A. Strahler, T. Messarius, A. Gross, A. Silvestri, Karen Andeen, R. Nahnhauer, J. Ahrens, Anna Davour, J. Braun, Janet Jacobsen, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, B. Semburg, Damian Pieloth, D. Hubert, H. Wissing, L. Köpke, Kirill Filimonov, T. Straszheim, M. R. Duvoort, B. Baret, S. Tilav, Y. Hasegawa, K. H. Kampert, C. P. McParland, J. Lünemann, A. Goldschmidt, D. Hardtke, R. C. Bay, K.-H. Becker, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, S. Stoyanov, Dirk Ryckbosch, Carsten Rott, K. Münich, J. W. Nam, L. Thollander, Xianwu Xu, J. P. Dumm, Reina H. Maruyama, H. Wiebusch, R. Hardtke, P. Niessen, John Heise, T. Becka, G. Wikström, and T. Griesel

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Spectral line, Astronomia, Neutron detection, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

A search for TeV - PeV muon neutrinos from unresolved sources was performed on AMANDA-II data collected between 2000 and 2003 with an equivalent livetime of 807 days. This diffuse analysis sought to find an extraterrestrial neutrino flux from sources with non-thermal components. The signal is expected to have a harder spectrum than the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. Since no excess of events was seen in the data over the expected background, an upper limit of E^{2}\Phi_{90% C.L.} < 7.4 x 10^{-8} GeV cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} is placed on the diffuse flux of muon neutrinos with a \Phi \propto E^{-2} spectrum in the energy range 16 TeV to 2.5 PeV. This is currently the most sensitive \Phi \propto E^{-2} diffuse astrophysical neutrino limit. We also set upper limits for astrophysical and prompt neutrino models, all of which have spectra different than \Phi \propto E^{-2}., Comment: 47 pages, 13 figures. This includes the original document and an erratum for the effective area tables

Published
2007
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38. Five years of searches for point sources of astrophysical neutrinos with the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope

Author

M. V. D'Agostino, C. Song, Albrecht Karle, C. T. Day, J. Pretz, J. M. Joseph, I. Liubarsky, Matthias Leuthold, K. Hultqvist, D. R. Nygren, R. Ehrlich, A. Olivas, E. A. Strahler, Carlos Pérez de los Heros, Jenni Adams, Marek Kowalski, D. Leier, T. Messarius, Kara Hoffman, Wolfgang Rhode, A. Meli, Christian Bohm, S. H. Seo, J.D. Zornoza, David A. Schneider, K. Kuehn, W. R. Edwards, H. Waldmann, P. Berghaus, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, C. Wendt, W. Wagner, T. Feser, Christian Spiering, F. Descamps, P. Roth, H. S. Matis, H. Miyamoto, J. E. Hart, K. Rawlins, D. Berley, M. Ribordy, G. C. Hill, R. G. Stokstad, Joseph T. Hodges, Justin Vandenbroucke, M. Kestel, Johan Lundberg, C. Walck, H. A. B. Johansson, H. Landsman, B. Christy, James Madsen, Soebur Razzaque, K. Helbing, N. Kitamura, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, R. Morse, D. Turcan, Francis Halzen, N. van Eijndhoven, A. Ishihara, J. Bolmont, D. Seckel, M. Tluczykont, J. Dreyer, Teresa Montaruli, T. Castermans, K. Hoshina, D. Z. Besson, Glenn Spiczak, L. Gerhardt, Gerald Przybylski, S. Klepser, S. Robbins, B. Hommez, Heiko Geenen, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, A. Piegsa, P. A. Toale, J. L. Kelley, D. Hays, E. Blaufuss, C. De Clercq, O. Fadiran, D. F. Cowen, B. Hughey, A. W. Jones, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, J. E. Sopher, K. Mase, T. McCauley, M. C. Stoufer, A. Achterberg, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, M. Solarz, S. M. Movit, K. Han, John Clem, C.P. Burgess, D. J. Boersma, D. Rutledge, D.W. Atlee, Ignacio Taboada, K. Beattie, Olga Botner, A. Morey, H. Leich, O. Tarasova, Subir Sarkar, X. W. Xu, A. Mokhtarani, Christopher Wiebusch, R. Wischnewski, M. Hellwig, A. Van Overloop, Hermann Kolanoski, R. Porrata, Peter Mészáros, J. P. Hulss, Elisa Bernardini, P. B. Price, K. H. Sulanke, H. G. Sander, T. J. Sumner, L. Demirörs, R. M. Gunasingha, Hakki Ögelman, A. J. Smith, T. O. B. Schmidt, G. Kohnen, T. Stezelberger, R. W. Ellsworth, T. Burgess, John N. Bahcall, S. Seunarine, Michael Stamatikos, S. Grullon, J. A. Goodman, Kurt Woschnagg, B. Voigt, Xinhua Bai, Paul Evenson, Dmitry Chirkin, J. W. Nam, L. Thollander, Karen Andeen, S. Stoyanov, K. Münich, P. Steffen, R. Nahnhauer, J. Lünemann, J. Ahrens, D. Hardtke, R. C. Bay, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, A. Gross, A. Silvestri, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, George Japaridze, S. Hundertmark, G. W. Sullivan, Elisa Resconi, S. Patton, Carlos Pena-Garay, Torsten Harenberg, Kirill Filimonov, Ph. Herquet, John Heise, Damian Pieloth, D. Hubert, T. Becka, K.-H. Becker, H. Wissing, L. Köpke, J. K. Becker, D. Bertrand, S. Böser, H. Kawai, Kael Hanson, S. R. Klein, T. Hauschildt, J. C. Gallagher, Adam Bouchta, Allan Hallgren, G. Wikström, M. Gurtner, T. Straszheim, R. Gozzini, Dirk Ryckbosch, A. Tepe, Yi Wang, Paolo Desiati, P. Niessen, K. H. Kampert, M. Krasberg, B. D. Fox, C. P. McParland, Carsten Rott, S. Yoshida, A. Goldschmidt, J. P. Dumm, J. Eisch, R. Hardtke, M. R. Duvoort, B. Baret, S. Tilav, P. O. Hulth, S. Schlenstedt, Anna Davour, J. Braun, and Janet Jacobsen

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Sky, Astronomia, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc:530, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, media_common
Abstract

We report the results of a five-year survey of the northern sky to search for point sources of high energy neutrinos. The search was performed on the data collected with the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope in the years 2000 to 2004, with a live-time of 1001 days. The sample of selected events consists of 4282 upward going muon tracks with high reconstruction quality and an energy larger than about 100 GeV. We found no indication of point sources of neutrinos and set 90% confidence level flux upper limits for an all-sky search and also for a catalog of 32 selected sources. For the all-sky search, our average (over declination and right ascension) experimentally observed upper limit \Phi^{0}=(E/TeV)^\gamma d\Phi/dE to a point source flux of muon and tau neutrino (detected as muons arising from taus) is \Phi_{\nu_\mu}^{0} + \Phi_{\nu_\tau}^{0} = 11.1 x 10^{-11} TeV^-1 cm^-2 s^-1, in the energy range between 1.6 TeV and 2.5 PeV for a flavor ratio \Phi_{\nu_\mu}^{0} / \Phi_{\nu_\tau}^{0}= 1 and assuming a spectral index \gamma=2. It should be noticed that this is the first time we set upper limits to the flux of muon and tau neutrinos. In previous papers we provided muon neutrino upper limits only neglecting the sensitivity to a signal from tau neutrinos, which improves the limits by 10% to 16%. The value of the average upper limit presented in this work corresponds to twice the limit on the muon neutrino flux \Phi_{\nu_\mu}^{0} = 5.5 \cdot 10^{-11} TeV^-1 cm^-2 s^-1. A stacking analysis for preselected active galactic nuclei and a search based on the angular separation of the events were also performed. We report the most stringent flux upper limits to date, including the results of a detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties., Comment: 32 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2007
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39. Limits on the high-energy gamma and neutrino fluxes from the SGR 1806-20 giant flare of 27 December 2004 with the AMANDA-II detector

Author

A. Achterberg, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. Ahrens, K. Andeen, D. W. Atlee, J. N. Bahcall, X. Bai, B. Baret, M. Bartelt, S. W. Barwick, R. Bay, K. Beattie, T. Becka, J. K. Becker, K.-H. Becker, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, D. Z. Besson, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, J. Bolmont, S. Böser, O. Botner, A. Bouchta, J. Braun, C. Burgess, T. Burgess, T. Castermans, D. Chirkin, B. Christy, J. Clem, D. F. Cowen, M. V. D’Agostino, A. Davour, C. T. Day, C. De Clercq, L. Demirörs, F. Descamps, P. Desiati, T. DeYoung, J. C. Diaz-Velez, J. Dreyer, J. P. Dumm, M. R. Duvoort, W. R. Edwards, R. Ehrlich, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, T. Feser, K. Filimonov, B. D. Fox, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, R. Ganugapati, H. Geenen, L. Gerhardt, A. Goldschmidt, J. A. Goodman, R. Gozzini, S. Grullon, A. Groß, R. M. Gunasingha, M. Gurtner, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Han, K. Hanson, D. Hardtke, R. Hardtke, T. Harenberg, J. E. Hart, T. Hauschildt, D. Hays, J. Heise, K. Helbing, M. Hellwig, P. Herquet, G. C. Hill, J. Hodges, K. D. Hoffman, B. Hommez, K. Hoshina, D. Hubert, B. Hughey, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hundertmark, J.-P. Hülß, A. Ishihara, J. Jacobsen, G. S. Japaridze, A. Jones, J. M. Joseph, K.-H. Kampert, A. Karle, H. Kawai, J. L. Kelley, M. Kestel, N. Kitamura, S. R. Klein, S. Klepser, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, M. Krasberg, K. Kuehn, H. Landsman, H. Leich, I. Liubarsky, J. Lundberg, J. Madsen, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, T. McCauley, C. P. McParland, A. Meli, T. Messarius, P. Mészáros, H. Miyamoto, A. Mokhtarani, T. Montaruli, A. Morey, R. Morse, S. M. Movit, K. Münich, R. Nahnhauer, J. W. Nam, P. Nießen, D. R. Nygren, H. Ögelman, Ph. Olbrechts, A. Olivas, S. Patton, C. Peña-Garay, C. Pérez de los Heros, A. Piegsa, D. Pieloth, A. C. Pohl, R. Porrata, J. Pretz, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, K. Rawlins, S. Razzaque, F. Refflinghaus, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, A. Rizzo, S. Robbins, P. Roth, C. Rott, D. Rutledge, D. Ryckbosch, H.-G. Sander, S. Sarkar, S. Schlenstedt, T. Schmidt, D. Schneider, D. Seckel, S. H. Seo, S. Seunarine, A. Silvestri, A. J. Smith, M. Solarz, C. Song, J. E. Sopher, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, P. Steffen, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, M. C. Stoufer, S. Stoyanov, E. A. Strahler, T. Straszheim, K.-H. Sulanke, G. W. Sullivan, T. J. Sumner, I. Taboada, O. Tarasova, A. Tepe, L. Thollander, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, D. Turčan, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Vandenbroucke, A. Van Overloop, B. Voigt, W. Wagner, C. Walck, H. Waldmann, M. Walter, Y.-R. Wang, C. Wendt, C. H. Wiebusch, G. Wikström, D. R. Williams, R. Wischnewski, H. Wissing, K. Woschnagg, X. W. Xu, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, and J. D. Zornoza

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Muon, Solar flare, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Galaxy, law.invention, Pulsar, law, Astronomia, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Flare
Abstract

On December 27th 2004, a giant gamma flare from the Soft Gamma-ray Repeater 1806-20 saturated many satellite gamma-ray detectors. This event was by more than two orders of magnitude the brightest cosmic transient ever observed. If the gamma emission extends up to TeV energies with a hard power law energy spectrum, photo-produced muons could be observed in surface and underground arrays. Moreover, high-energy neutrinos could have been produced during the SGR giant flare if there were substantial baryonic outflow from the magnetar. These high-energy neutrinos would have also produced muons in an underground array. AMANDA-II was used to search for downgoing muons indicative of high-energy gammas and/or neutrinos. The data revealed no significant signal. The upper limit on the gamma flux at 90% CL is dN/dE < 0.05 (0.5) TeV^-1 m^-2 s^-1 for gamma=-1.47 (-2). Similarly, we set limits on the normalization constant of the high-energy neutrino emission of 0.4 (6.1) TeV^-1 m^-2 s^-1 for gamma=-1.47 (-2)., 14 pages, 3 figures

Published
2006

40. The IceCube prototype string in Amanda

Author

Kael Hanson, J. K. Becker, S. Stoyanov, P. Roth, Peter Mészáros, K. Han, B. Hommez, M. M. Foerster, Yi Wang, Paolo Desiati, D. Z. Besson, J. Lünemann, C.P. Burgess, E. A. Strahler, R. C. Bay, D. Bertrand, S. H. Seo, J.D. Zornoza, A. C. Pohl, S. R. Klein, G. S. Japaridze, J. Bolmont, A. Tepe, A. W. Jones, M. Krasberg, R. Hardtke, T. Hauschildt, P. Berghaus, Johan Lundberg, H. S. Matis, Anna Davour, K. H. Sulanke, D. Turcan, D. Hardtke, J. Braun, S. Yoshida, S. Klepser, Francis Halzen, Janet Jacobsen, M. Solarz, D. R. Nygren, T. Griesel, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, R. Ganugapati, J. E. Sopher, N. van Eijndhoven, P. Herquet, D. F. Cowen, J. E. Hart, K. Münich, Y. Hasegawa, T. DeYoung, S. J. Patton, J. Gallagher, Adam Bouchta, A. Piegsa, A. Achterberg, K. Andeen, C.P. de los Heros, B. Semburg, M. Labare, P. A. Evenson, Marek Kowalski, P. B. Price, S. Schlenstedt, M. Gurtner, H. Wissing, K. Mase, L. Demirors, S. Böser, R. W. Ellsworth, M. Tluczykont, Allan Hallgren, David A. Schneider, J.P. Hulss, T. O. B. Schmidt, A. Gross, G. C. Hill, B. D. Fox, A. Van Overloop, B. Baret, J. W. Nam, S. Grullon, Kurt Woschnagg, L. Thollander, F. Descamps, R. Ehrlich, D. Seckel, Heiko Geenen, P. A. Toale, J. Adams, A. Morey, J. P. Dumm, H. Landsman, A. R. Fazely, K. Kuehn, R. M. Gunasingha, Wolfgang Wagner, Dmitry Chirkin, T. Burgess, G. Kohnen, Albrecht Karle, J. L. Kelley, D. J. Boersma, Michael Stamatikos, Timo Karg, Gerald Przybylski, M. Walter, J. A. Goodman, A. Silvestri, K. Hoshina, David R. Williams, A. J. S. Smith, T. J. Sumner, H. Kolanoski, M. R. Duvoort, Glenn Spiczak, S. M. Movit, M. Ribordy, T. Stezelberger, R. Porrata, J. Dreyer, L. Gerhardt, J. Heise, K. Helbing, P. Steffen, Olga Botner, B. Hughey, A. Olivas, C. Song, J. N. Bahcall, Elisa Resconi, Anna Franckowiak, J. Hodges, R. Nahnhauer, Hakki Ögelman, C. T. Day, Elisa Bernardini, J. Clem, E. Blaufuss, J. Ahrens, T. Messarius, D. Hays, O. Tarasova, T. Kowarik, S. Hundertmark, B. Voigt, B. Christy, R. G. Stokstad, Xinhua Bai, R. Wischnewski, G. W. Sullivan, K. Hultqvist, N. Kitamura, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Kirill Filimonov, Carlos Pena-Garay, D. Leier, O. Fadiran, A. Rizzo, T. Straszheim, S. Robbins, Wolfgang Rhode, A. Meli, H. Waldmann, T. McCauley, Damian Pieloth, D. Hubert, Christian Spiering, L. Köpke, Justin Vandenbroucke, Subir Sarkar, K. Beattie, Surujhdeo Seunarine, K. Rawlins, James Madsen, Soebur Razzaque, K. D. Hoffman, A. Ishihara, T. Stanev, M. C. Stoufer, D. Rutledge, H. Leich, J. C. Diaz-Velez, M. V. D'Agostino, H. Kawai, M. Hellwig, H. G. Sander, J. M. Joseph, I. Liubarsky, C. H. Wiebusch, C. Wendt, Carsten Rott, R. Morse, T. Montaruli, H. Miyamoto, Xianwu Xu, C. Bohm, C. Walck, D. Berley, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, P. Niessen, G. Wikstrom, I. Taboada, J. Auffenberg, T. Castermans, H. Johansson, T. Becka, J. Pretz, V. Viscomi, K.-H. Becker, A. Mokhtarani, C. De Clercq, M. Inaba, Markus Ackermann, Dirk Ryckbosch, S. W. Barwick, W. R. Edwards, S. Tilav, R. Gozzini, C. P. McParland, and A. Goldschmidt

Subjects
Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Photon, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Amanda, IceCube, Data acquisition, Signal digitization, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (Amanda) is a high-energy neutrino telescope. It is a lattice of optical modules (OM) installed in the clear ice below the South Pole Station. Each OM contains a photomultiplier tube (PMT) that detects photons of Cherenkov light generated in the ice by muons and electrons. IceCube is a cubic-kilometer-sized expansion of Amanda currently being built at the South Pole. In IceCube the PMT signals are digitized already in the optical modules and transmitted to the surface. A prototype string of 41 OMs equipped with this new all-digital technology was deployed in the Amanda array in the year 2000. In this paper we describe the technology and demonstrate that this string serves as a proof of concept for the IceCube array. Our investigations show that the OM timing accuracy is 5 ns. Atmospheric muons are detected in excellent agreement with expectations with respect to both angular distribution and absolute rate.

Published
2006

41. Limits on the muon flux from neutralino annihilations at the center of the Earth with AMANDA

Author

S.W. Barwick, P. Berghaus, T. Becka, A.C. Pohl, George Japaridze, John Joseph, D. J. Boersma, J. Clem, A. W. Jones, M. Ribordy, A. Davour, C. Pérez de los Heros, J. L. Kelley, H.S. Matis, R. Wischnewski, K. Woschnagg, D.W. Atlee, J. Madsen, P. Ekström, D. Berley, W.R. Edwards, P.O. Hulth, R. Ehrlich, K. Hultqvist, P. Steffen, H. Geenen, J. E. Hart, G. M. Spiczak, A. Meli, M. Kestel, Ph. Olbrechts, K. Kuehn, C.H. Wiebusch, D.Z. Besson, Elisa Resconi, D. Rutledge, L. Thollander, Karen Andeen, T. Neunhöffer, K. Han, J. Ahrens, P. Marciniewski, H. Leich, James E. Braun, R. Nahnhauer, S. Hundertmark, Hakki Ögelman, J. Jacobsen, A. Morey, K.-H. Becker, A. Mokhtarani, D. Bertrand, H. Kawai, E. Blaufuss, T. Castermans, Y. Minaeva, S.M. Movit, J.K. Becker, G.W. Sullivan, P. Herquet, Jodi Cooley, A. Achterberg, K. Beattie, K. Rawlins, A. Silvestri, Elisa Bernardini, H.-G. Sander, R.G. Stokstad, Albrecht Karle, M.G. Greene, H. Miyamoto, Jenni Adams, P. Nießen, M. V. D'Agostino, T. Feser, Soebur Razzaque, K. Münich, G. Wikstrom, C. Song, Peter Mészáros, K. Mase, A. Goldschmidt, X. Bai, J. Dreyer, M. C. Stoufer, O. Bouhali, I. Liubarsky, G.T. Przybylski, R. Ganugapati, R.W. Ellsworth, M.R. Duvoort, C. De Clercq, Teresa Montaruli, E. A. Strahler, G. Kohnen, H. Wissing, R. Schwarz, M. Ackermann, P.B. Price, A. Rizzo, C. Spiering, T. Hauschildt, J. Vandenbroucke, R. M. Gunasingha, D. F. Cowen, Carlos Pena-Garay, M. Hellwig, A. Piegsa, M. Bartelt, S. Patton, Michael Stamatikos, S. Tilav, D. Seckel, R. Morse, J. Lundberg, K. Helbing, Spencer Klein, W. Rhode, J. Rodrı´guez Martino, John Heise, J.A. Goodman, O. Tarasova, R. Porrata, S. Klepser, S. Grullon, Kara Hoffman, A. Tepe, W. Wagner, F. Refflinghaus, M. Krasberg, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, Francis Halzen, B. Voigt, S. H. Seo, J.D. Zornoza, T.J. Sumner, J. Gallagher, S. Robbins, D. R. Nygren, J.E. Sopher, O. Fadiran, J.W. Nam, C.P. McParland, M. Leuthold, Chris Wendt, B. Baret, D. Hubert, J. Conrad, T. McCauley, T.K. Gaisser, Dmitry Chirkin, D. Pieloth, S. Böser, A. Groß, L. Köpke, Carsten Rott, K. Hoshina, S. Seunarine, A. Olivas, J. Pretz, Adam Bouchta, D. Turčan, M. Solarz, B. Hughey, D. Hardtke, Xianwu Xu, C. Bohm, H. Waldmann, Dawn Williams, Allan Hallgren, T. Harenberg, N. van Eijndhoven, J.-P. Hülß, D. Hays, C.P. Burgess, K.-H. Kampert, M. Walter, S. Yoshida, Hermann Kolanoski, Joseph T. Hodges, T. Stezelberger, I. Taboada, K. H. Sulanke, R. Bay, H. Landsman, T. Stanev, P. Miočinović, Kael Hanson, R. Hardtke, J.N. Bahcall, K. Filimonov, C. Walck, C. T. Day, Yi Wang, Paolo Desiati, A.R. Fazely, P.A. Evenson, T. Messarius, S. Schlenstedt, T. Burgess, Olga Botner, M. Gurtner, R. Gozzini, Aya Ishihara, A.J. Smith, L. Gerhardt, S. Stoyanov, David A. Schneider, G. C. Hill, G. Yodh, Tyce DeYoung, and P. A. Toale

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array, Particle physics, AMANDA, Annihilation, Muon, Dark matter, IceCube, Neutralino, Neutrino telescopes, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear physics, WIMP, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

A search has been performed for nearly vertically upgoing neutrino-induced muons with the Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA), using data taken over the three year period 1997–99. No excess above the expected atmospheric neutrino background has been found. Upper limits at 90% confidence level have been set on the annihilation rate of neutralinos at the center of the Earth, as well as on the muon flux at AMANDA induced by neutrinos created by the annihilation products.

Published
2006

42. First year performance of the IceCube neutrino telescope

Author

A. J. Smith, R. Wischnewski, Kael Hanson, T. Burgess, K. Hoshina, Steven W. Barwick, Subir Sarkar, Christian Bohm, Glenn Spiczak, Karen Andeen, P. Steffen, D. Z. Besson, J. Haugen, H. S. Matis, F. Refflinghaus, B. Hughey, David A. Schneider, Yi Wang, Paolo Desiati, E. Blaufuss, Albrecht Karle, K. H. Becker, J. E. Sopher, K. Mase, A. Elcheikh, J. Pretz, J. W. Nam, L. Thollander, G. C. Hill, D. Turcan, Francis Halzen, A. Muratas, L. Demirörs, Claire Pettersen, D. Seckel, S. Grullon, Heiko Geenen, A. R. Fazely, Elisa Bernardini, P. A. Toale, P. Berghaus, T. McCauley, G. W. Sullivan, M. C. Stoufer, S. H. Seo, J.D. Zornoza, H. Landsman, J. Ahrens, G. Kohnen, R. W. Ellsworth, Aya Ishihara, J. M. Joseph, J.N. Bahcall, H. Miyamoto, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, T. Stezelberger, P. Wisniewski, M. Krasberg, M. V. D'Agostino, M. Kestel, M. Ribordy, Jenni Adams, A. Laundrie, S. M. Movit, K. Han, Christian Spiering, M. H. Whitney, D. Hays, Anna Davour, J.-P. Hülß, Ignacio Taboada, T. Messarius, C. Song, Olga Botner, Jay Gallagher, Joseph T. Hodges, W. Wagner, Justin Vandenbroucke, Klas Hultqvist, Peter Mészáros, K. Helbing, D. Hardtke, R. G. Stokstad, P. Herquet, A. Mokhtarani, H. Kawai, Chris Wendt, R. C. Bay, Janet Jacobsen, S. Yoshida, Xinhua Bai, C. T. Day, R. Ehrlich, A. Olivas, N. Kitamura, D. Berley, S. Stoyanov, A. W. Jones, I. Liubarsky, J. Dreyer, T. Castermans, A. Groß, E. A. Strahler, J. Cherwinka, R. M. Gunasingha, A. Silvestri, Ph. Olbrechts, B. Voigt, John Clem, M. Solarz, Christopher Wiebusch, J. E. Hart, Michael Stamatikos, C. Walck, D.W. Atlee, J. A. Goodman, R. Porrata, C.P. Burgess, J. Eisch, D. J. Boersma, J. Baccus, K. Kuehn, W. R. Edwards, C. Mackenzie, P. O. Hulth, Hermann Kolanoski, S. Böser, O. Tarasova, Hakki Ögelman, N. van Eijndhoven, R. Morse, Gerald Przybylski, T. Feser, S. Robbins, J.K. Becker, K.-H. Sulanke, M. Hellwig, H. G. Sander, George Japaridze, Elisa Resconi, S. Hundertmark, James E. Braun, T. Hauschildt, Adam Bouchta, Allan Hallgren, Torsten Harenberg, B. D. Fox, L. Gerhardt, A. Piegsa, A. Rizzo, C. De Clercq, A. Morey, A. Van Overloop, K. Rawlins, Markus Ackermann, K. Münich, M.G. Greene, D. Bertrand, S. Patton, James Madsen, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, Soebur Razzaque, Carlos Pena-Garay, T. DeYoung, O. Fadiran, H. Waldmann, Teresa Montaruli, P. Sandstrom, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, M. Walter, S. Seunarine, D. Rutledge, M. Gurtner, R. Gozzini, M. Bartelt, A. Tepe, R. Nahnhauer, S. Klepser, K. Beattie, P. B. Price, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Dmitry Chirkin, Johan Lundberg, R. Ganugapati, A. C. Pohl, D. F. Cowen, A. Achterberg, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, Xianwu Xu, R. Hardtke, H. Wissing, C. Pérez de los Heros, John Heise, T. Becka, G. Wikström, Damian Pieloth, D. Hubert, L. Köpke, H. Leich, A. Meli, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Kirill Filimonov, Spencer Klein, Kara Hoffman, Wolfgang Rhode, J. L. Kelley, S. Schlenstedt, M. R. Duvoort, B. Baret, S. Tilav, P. Nießen, C. P. McParland, and A. Goldschmidt

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Photomultiplier, Muon, Performance, Detector, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Amanda, IceCube, Detection, Data acquisition, First year, IceTop, Neutrino, South pole, Astronomia, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The first sensors of the IceCube neutrino observatory were deployed at the South Pole during the austral summer of 2004-2005 and have been producing data since February 2005. One string of 60 sensors buried in the ice and a surface array of eight ice Cherenkov tanks took data until December 2005 when deployment of the next set of strings and tanks began. We have analyzed these data, demonstrating that the performance of the system meets or exceeds design requirements. Times are determined across the whole array to a relative precision of better than 3 ns, allowing reconstruction of muon tracks and light bursts in the ice, of air-showers in the surface array and of events seen in coincidence by surface and deep-ice detectors separated by up to 2.5 km. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2006

43. On the selection of AGN neutrino source candidates for a source stacking analysis with neutrino telescopes

Author

J.K. Becker, O. Tarasova, H. Wissing, H. Waldmann, X. Bai, W. Wagner, J. Braun, J.N. Bahcall, J.L. Kelley, S. Patton, C. Walck, S. Seunarine, A. Groß, K. Helbing, B. Voigt, R. Ehrlich, K. Kuehn, M. Bartelt, K. Filimonov, M.G. Greene, R. Nahnhauer, R. Bay, C. Spiering, Dawn Williams, K. Mase, N. Kitamura, R. Morse, Soebur Razzaque, G.W. Sullivan, G. Wikström, L. Köpke, J. E. Hart, J. Gallagher, D. Hubert, W. Rhode, D. F. Cowen, T.K. Gaisser, D. Hays, J. Madsen, C. Song, Ph. Olbrechts, R. Hardtke, J. Ahrens, A. Karle, T. Castermans, D. Seckel, J. Vandenbroucke, P. L. Biermann, A. Olivas, M. Kestel, T. Hauschildt, S.W. Barwick, T. Stezelberger, D. Bertrand, A. Meli, D. Chirkin, R.W. Ellsworth, D.Z. Besson, S. Grullon, B. Baret, Adam Bouchta, P.A. Evenson, H. Geenen, Carsten Rott, J.A. Goodman, A. Silvestri, K. Beattie, X.W. Xu, Karl-Heinz Kampert, D. Berley, D. Pieloth, C.H. Wiebusch, D. Steele, D.W. Atlee, E. Blaufuss, Allan Hallgren, H. Leich, L. Thollander, M. Walter, M. Krasberg, S. Hundertmark, A. Goldschmidt, T. Burgess, H. Miyamoto, Peter Mészáros, Carlos Pena-Garay, J. Lundberg, J.W. Nam, A. Rizzo, D. Turčan, A.C. Pohl, H.-G. Sander, P.O. Hulth, S. H. Seo, I. Liubarsky, T. Montaruli, D. Rutledge, J.D. Zornoza, F. Halzen, K. Han, J.M. Joseph, C. Bohm, Elisa Bernardini, H. Landsman, K. Hanson, J. Dreyer, K. Hoshina, H. Ögelman, John Heise, S. Böser, K. Rawlins, J. Cooley, D. Schneider, J. Conrad, T. Stanev, C. Wendt, B. Hughey, Jenni Adams, P. Desiati, T. Feser, M. Leuthold, K. Münich, M.C. Stoufer, T. Harenberg, J. Clem, K. Hultqvist, R.H. Minor, Y.-R. Wang, R.G. Stokstad, Jennifer Pretz, R. Lang, H.S. Matis, R. Porrata, S. Klepser, M. Solarz, D.J. Boersma, P. Steffen, M. Ackermann, A.R. Fazely, C. De Clercq, P. Miočinović, W.R. Edwards, M. Stamatikos, G. Kohnen, M.R. Duvoort, A. Mokhtarani, R. M. Gunasingha, R. Ganugapati, M.V. D’Agostino, C.P. McParland, George Japaridze, P. Nießen, S. Yoshida, Elisa Resconi, A. Achterberg, P. Herquet, G.T. Przybylski, P.B. Price, S. Robbins, S. Stoyanov, G. Yodh, I. Taboada, F. Refflinghaus, K.D. Hoffman, C.T. Day, K. Woschnagg, L. Gerhardt, P. Berghaus, D. Hardtke, C.P. Burgess, A. Ishihara, Hermann Kolanoski, A.J. Smith, K.-H. Sulanke, B. Collin, T.J. Sumner, J.E. Sopher, T. Messarius, A. Tepe, H. Kawai, J. Jacobsen, K.-H. Becker, G.M. Spiczak, C. Pérez de los Heros, D.R. Nygren, S. M. Movit, A. W. Jones, R. Wischnewski, A. Davour, N. van Eijndhoven, M. Hellwig, S. Schlenstedt, S. Tilav, J. Hodges, A. Morey, S. Richter, T. Becka, Olga Botner, M. Ribordy, G. C. Hill, T. McCauley, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, and S.R. Klein

Subjects
AMANDA, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, IceCube, Luminosity, AGN, Neutrinos, Blazar, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Point sources, Source stacking, Astroparticle physics, Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Neutrino detector, Astronomia, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

The sensitivity of a search for sources of TeV neutrinos can be improved by grouping potential sources together into generic classes in a procedure that is known as source stacking. In this paper, we define catalogs of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and use them to perform a source stacking analysis. The grouping of AGN into classes is done in two steps: first, AGN classes are defined, then, sources to be stacked are selected assuming that a potential neutrino flux is linearly correlated with the photon luminosity in a certain energy band (radio, IR, optical, keV, GeV, TeV). Lacking any secure detailed knowledge on neutrino production in AGN, this correlation is motivated by hadronic AGN models, as briefly reviewed in this paper. The source stacking search for neutrinos from generic AGN classes is illustrated using the data collected by the AMANDA-II high energy neutrino detector during the year 2000. No significant excess for any of the suggested groups was found., Comment: 43 pages, 12 figures, accepted by Astroparticle Physics

Published
2006

44. Tests of Lorentz violation inν¯μ→ν¯eoscillations

Author

E. D. Church, David Smith, R. M. Gunasingha, J. B. Donahue, G. B. Mills, D. H. White, L. B. Auerbach, W. Metcalf, R. L. Burman, W. Vernon, R. L. Imlay, K. McIlhany, Teppei Katori, I. Stancu, W. Strossman, S. J. Yellin, A. K. Cochran, D. O. Caldwell, M. Sung, V. D. Sandberg, W. C. Louis, Rex Tayloe, G. T. Garvey, and A. R. Fazely

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, CPT symmetry, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Solar neutrino problem, Nuclear physics, Physics::Popular Physics, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract

Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122(Dated: February 7, 2008)A recently developed Standard-Model Extension (SME) formalism for neutrino oscillations thatincludes Lorentz and CPT violation is used to analyze the sidereal time variation of the neutrinoevent excess measured by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) experiment. The LSNDexperiment, performed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, observed an excess, consistent withneutrino oscillations, of ¯ν

Published
2005
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45. Search forπ0→νμν¯μDecays in the LSND Detector

Author

H. Yi, R. F. Somodi, K. McIlhany, I. Stancu, R. M. Gunasingha, A. Malik, L. B. Auerbach, Geoffrey B. Mills, R. L. Imlay, G. J. VanDalen, W. C. Louis, David J. Smith, G. T. Garvey, Rex Tayloe, W. D. Strossman, E. Church, W. Metcalf, D. O. Caldwell, V. D. Sandberg, W. Vernon, D. Rupnik, D. H. White, G. Kahrimanis, M. Sung, R. L. Burman, S. J. Yellin, R. Majkic, A. K. Cochran, N. Wadia, J. B. Donahue, and A. R. Fazely

Subjects
Physics, Particle decay, Antiparticle, Crystallography, Muon, Meson, Branching fraction, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

We observe a net beam excess of $8.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6.3(\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{t})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.4(\mathrm{s}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t})$ events, above 160 MeV, resulting from the charged-current reaction of ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ and/or ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ on C and H in the LSND detector. No beam-related muon background is expected in this energy regime. Within an analysis framework of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$, we set a direct upper limit for this branching ratio of $\ensuremath{\Gamma}({\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}})/\ensuremath{\Gamma}({\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{l})l1.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ at 90% confidence level.

Published
2004
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46. Sensitivity of the IceCube detector to astrophysical sources of high energy muon neutrinos

Author

George Japaridze, I. Taboada, P. Miocinovic, M. Hellwig, R Koch, R. M. Gunasingha, H. G. Sander, R. Paulos, R. C. Bay, Michael Stamatikos, R. Ganugapati, T. Neunhöffer, Albrecht Karle, B. Collin, D. F. Cowen, Marek Kowalski, Christian Spiering, J. A. Goodman, K. Rawlins, K. Schinarakis, C. Pérez de los Heros, T. Becka, P. Niessen, P. B. Price, T. O. B. Schmidt, I. Liubarsky, James Madsen, Soebur Razzaque, K. Helbing, T. Castermans, Jodi Cooley, A. Biron, Elisa Resconi, N. Kitamura, D. Hubert, Kurt Woschnagg, Peter Mészáros, Paul Evenson, S. Schlenstedt, M. Kestel, R. G. Stokstad, C. H. Wiebusch, S. Hundertmark, S. Tilav, K. H. Sulanke, C. De Clercq, R. Wischnewski, A. J. Smith, Dmitry Chirkin, C. Wiedemann, T. DeYoung, Jean Gallagher, J. I. Lamoureux, G. W. Sullivan, A. C. Pohl, S. Richter, Xinhua Bai, Ph. Herquet, L. Köpke, T. Burgess, D. Z. Besson, R. Morse, R. Schwarz, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, J. Ahrens, D. Bertrand, K.-H. Becker, D. Steele, K. Hultqvist, J. Cavin, R. H. Minor, Kael Hanson, William Carithers, T. J. Sumner, H. S. Matis, Elisa Bernardini, S. Patton, Ph. Olbrechts, T. Stezelberger, Paolo Desiati, Francis Halzen, R. W. Ellsworth, Wolfgang Rhode, Hakki Ögelman, H. Kawai, H. Leich, S. Böser, C. P. McParland, Olga Botner, R. Hardtke, M. Solarz, A. Goldschmidt, R. Nahnhauer, M. Ribordy, T. Messarius, S. Yoshida, D. Hays, W. Chinowsky, N. van Eijndhoven, Glenn Spiczak, B. Hughey, Gerald Przybylski, R. Ehrlich, T. Hauschildt, Adam Bouchta, R.-R Wang, Allan Hallgren, Wolfgang Wagner, P. O. Hulth, H. Wissing, D. Seckel, Anna Davour, Janet Jacobsen, Todor Stanev, H. Miyamoto, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, J. Pretz, Y. Minaeva, A. W. Jones, John N. Bahcall, Matthias Leuthold, Othmane Bouhali, D. R. Nygren, P. Steffen, Jan Conrad, T. Feser, Christian Bohm, David A. Schneider, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Heiko Geenen, and A. R. Fazely

Subjects
Physics, Active galactic nucleus, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, IceCube, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino telescope, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract

We present the results of a Monte-Carlo study of the sensitivity of the planned IceCube detector to predicted fluxes of muon neutrinos at TeV to PeV energies. A complete simulation of the detector and data analysis is used to study the detector's capability to search for muon neutrinos from sources such as active galaxies and gamma-ray bursts. We study the effective area and the angular resolution of the detector as a function of muon energy and angle of incidence. We present detailed calculations of the sensitivity of the detector to both diffuse and pointlike neutrino emissions, including an assessment of the sensitivity to neutrinos detected in coincidence with gamma-ray burst observations. After three years of datataking, IceCube will have been able to detect a point source flux of E^2*dN/dE = 7*10^-9 cm^-2s^-1GeV at a 5-sigma significance, or, in the absence of a signal, place a 90% c.l. limit at a level E^2*dN/dE = 2*10^-9 cm^-2s^-1GeV. A diffuse E-2 flux would be detectable at a minimum strength of E^2*dN/dE = 1*10^-8 cm^-2s^-1sr^-1GeV. A gamma-ray burst model following the formulation of Waxman and Bahcall would result in a 5-sigma effect after the observation of 200 bursts in coincidence with satellite observations of the gamma-rays., Comment: 33 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables

Published
2004

47. Search for pi(0)--nu(mu)nu(mu) decays in the LSND detector

Author

L B, Auerbach, R L, Burman, D O, Caldwell, E D, Church, A K, Cochran, J B, Donahue, A R, Fazely, G T, Garvey, R M, Gunasingha, R L, Imlay, G, Kahrimanis, W C, Louis, R, Majkic, A, Malik, K L, McIlhany, W J, Metcalf, G B, Mills, D, Rupnik, V D, Sandberg, D, Smith, R F, Somodi, I, Stancu, W D, Strossman, M, Sung, R, Tayloe, G J, VanDalen, W, Vernon, N, Wadia, D H, White, S, Yellin, and H, Yi

Abstract

We observe a net beam excess of 8.7+/-6.3(stat)+/-2.4(syst) events, above 160 MeV, resulting from the charged-current reaction of nu(micro) and/or nu;(mu) on C and H in the LSND detector. No beam-related muon background is expected in this energy regime. Within an analysis framework of pi(0)--nu(mu)nu;(mu), we set a direct upper limit for this branching ratio of Gamma(pi(0)--nu(mu)nu;(mu))/Gamma(pi(0)--all)1.6 x 10(-6) at 90% confidence level.

Published
2003

48. ATIC, A BALLOON BORNE CALORIMETER FOR COSMIC RAY MEASUREMENTS

Author

Joachim Isbert, N. V. Sokolskaya, V. I. Zatsepin, K. C. Kim, Alexander D. Panov, M. Stewart, H. S. Ahn, James H. Adams, M. I. Panasyuk, E. N. Kouznetsov, J. Z. Wang, T. G. Guzik, Hyun-Chul Kim, Jin Chang, G. A. Samsonov, S. K. Kim, Mark Christl, R. Sina, B. Price, S. A. Naqvi, A. A. Voronin, J. P. Wefel, Eun-Suk Seo, D. Granger, Gary L. Case, A. R. Fazely, R. M. Gunasingha, O. Ganel, Y. J. Han, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, J. Wu, and Wolfgang Schmidt

Subjects
Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Balloon
Published
2003
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49. Measurements of charged current reactions ofνμon12C

Author

V. D. Sandberg, W. Metcalf, M. Sung, R. L. Imlay, L. B. Auerbach, A. R. Fazely, S. J. Yellin, E. Church, N. Wadia, David O. Caldwell, I. Stancu, W. C. Louis, Geoffrey B. Mills, D. H. White, David J. Smith, R. Majkic, R. L. Burman, W. Vernon, R. M. Gunasingha, Rex Tayloe, G. J. VanDalen, G. T. Garvey, J. B. Donahue, and A. Malik

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Solar neutrino, Center (category theory), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Charged current, Lepton
Abstract

Charged current scattering of \nu_\mu on ^{12}C has been studied using a \pi^+ decay-in-flight \nu_\mu beam at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. A sample of 66.9+-9.1 events satisfying criteria for the exclusive reaction ^{12}C(\nu_\mu,\mu^-)^{12}N_{g.s.} was obtained using a large liquid scintillator neutrino detector. The observed flux-averaged cross section (5.6+-0.8+-1.0) x 10^{-41} cm^2 agrees well with reliable theoretical expectations. A measurement was also obtained for the inclusive cross section to all accessible ^{12}N states ^{12}C(\nu_\mu,\mu^-)X. This flux-averaged cross section is (10.6+-0.3+-1.8) x 10^{-40} cm^2 which is lower than present theoretical calculations.

Published
2002
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50. Toward an organ based dose prescription method for the improved accuracy of murine dose in orthovoltage x-ray irradiators

Author

Chu Wang, R. M. Gunasingha, Nelson J. Chao, Matthew D. Belley, Terry T. Yoshizumi, Benny J. Chen, Mark W. Dewhirst, and Giao Nguyen

Subjects
business.industry, Radiography, medicine.medical_treatment, X-ray, General Medicine, Imaging phantom, Dose prescription, Radiation therapy, medicine, Dosimetry, Irradiation, business, Nuclear medicine, Dose rate
Abstract

Purpose: Accurate dosimetry is essential when irradiating mice to ensure that functional and molecular endpoints are well understood for the radiation dose delivered. Conventional methods of prescribing dose in mice involve the use of a single dose rate measurement and assume a uniform average dose throughout all organs of the entire mouse. Here, the authors report the individual average organ dose values for the irradiation of a 12, 23, and 33 g mouse on a 320 kVp x-ray irradiator and calculate the resulting error from using conventional dose prescription methods. Methods: Organ doses were simulated in the Geant4 application for tomographic emission toolkit using the MOBY mouse whole-body phantom. Dosimetry was performed for three beams utilizing filters A (1.65 mm Al), B (2.0 mm Al), and C (0.1 mm Cu + 2.5 mm Al), respectively. In addition, simulated x-ray spectra were validated with physical half-value layer measurements. Results: Average doses in soft-tissue organs were found to vary by as much as 23%–32% depending on the filter. Compared to filters A and B, filter C provided the hardest beam and had the lowest variation in soft-tissue average organ doses across all mouse sizes, with a difference of 23% for the median mouse size of 23 g. Conclusions: This work suggests a new dose prescription method in small animal dosimetry: it presents a departure from the conventional approach of assigning a single dose value for irradiation of mice to a more comprehensive approach of characterizing individual organ doses to minimize the error and uncertainty. In human radiation therapy, clinical treatment planning establishes the target dose as well as the dose distribution, however, this has generally not been done in small animal research. These results suggest that organ dose errors will be minimized by calibrating the dose rates for all filters, and using different dose rates for different organs.

Published
2014
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