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1. A comparison of the cosmic-ray energy scales of Tunka-133 and KASCADE-Grande via their radio extensions Tunka-Rex and LOPES

Author

W.D. Apel, J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez, L. Bähren, P.A. Bezyazeekov, K. Bekk, M. Bertaina, P.L. Biermann, J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, I.M. Brancus, N.M. Budnev, E. Cantoni, A. Chiavassa, K. Daumiller, V. de Souza, F. Di Pierro, P. Doll, R. Engel, H. Falcke, O. Fedorov, B. Fuchs, H. Gemmeke, O.A. Gress, C. Grupen, A. Haungs, D. Heck, R. Hiller, J.R. Hörandel, A. Horneffer, D. Huber, T. Huege, P.G. Isar, K.-H. Kampert, D. Kang, Y. Kazarina, M. Kleifges, E.E. Korosteleva, D. Kostunin, O. Krömer, J. Kuijpers, L.A. Kuzmichev, K. Link, N. Lubsandorzhiev, P. Łuczak, M. Ludwig, H.J. Mathes, M. Melissas, R.R. Mirgazov, R. Monkhoev, C. Morello, J. Oehlschläger, E.A. Osipova, A. Pakhorukov, N. Palmieri, L. Pankov, T. Pierog, V.V. Prosin, J. Rautenberg, H. Rebel, M. Roth, G.I. Rubtsov, C. Rühle, A. Saftoiu, H. Schieler, A. Schmidt, S. Schoo, F.G. Schröder, O. Sima, G. Toma, G.C. Trinchero, A. Weindl, R. Wischnewski, J. Wochele, J. Zabierowski, A. Zagorodnikov, and J.A. Zensus

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The radio technique is a promising method for detection of cosmic-ray air showers of energies around 100PeV and higher with an array of radio antennas. Since the amplitude of the radio signal can be measured absolutely and increases with the shower energy, radio measurements can be used to determine the air-shower energy on an absolute scale. We show that calibrated measurements of radio detectors operated in coincidence with host experiments measuring air showers based on other techniques can be used for comparing the energy scales of these host experiments. Using two approaches, first via direct amplitude measurements, and second via comparison of measurements with air shower simulations, we compare the energy scales of the air-shower experiments Tunka-133 and KASCADE-Grande, using their radio extensions, Tunka-Rex and LOPES, respectively. Due to the consistent amplitude calibration for Tunka-Rex and LOPES achieved by using the same reference source, this comparison reaches an accuracy of approximately 10% – limited by some shortcomings of LOPES, which was a prototype experiment for the digital radio technique for air showers. In particular we show that the energy scales of cosmic-ray measurements by the independently calibrated experiments KASCADE-Grande and Tunka-133 are consistent with each other on this level. Keywords: Cosmic rays, Radio detection, LOPES, Tunka-Rex, Tunka-133, KASCADE-Grande

Published
2016
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2. Observations of track-like neutrino events with Baikal-GVD

Author

Dmitry Zaborov, V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Zuzana Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, and S.A. Yakovlev

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Track (disk drive), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Monte Carlo method, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Reconstruction algorithm, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector (Baikal-GVD) is a km$^3$-scale neutrino detector currently under construction in Lake Baikal, Russia. The detector currently consists of 2304 optical modules arranged on 64 vertical strings. Further extension of the array is planned for March 2022. The data from the partially complete array have been analyzed using a $\chi^2$-based track reconstruction algorithm. After suppression of the downward-going atmospheric muon background, a flux of upward-going neutrino events is observed, dominated by the atmospheric neutrinos. The observed flux is in good agreement with Monte Carlo predictions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC-2021), 12-23 July 2021

Published
2021

3. Experimental string with fiber optic data acquisition for Baikal-GVD

Author

Vladimir Aynutdinov, A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardаčová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopanski, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Published
2021
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4. Time synchronization of Baikal-GVD clusters

Author

Vladimir Aynutdinov, V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardаčová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopanski, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Published
2021
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5. Performance of the muon track reconstruction with the Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope

Author

Grigory Safronov, V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Zuzana Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Track (disk drive), Monte Carlo method, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Classifier (linguistics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Gradient boosting, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Selection (genetic algorithm)
Abstract

Baikal-GVD is a km$^3$-scale neutrino telescope being constructed in Lake Baikal. Muon and partially tau (anti)neutrino interactions near the detector through the W$^{\pm}$-boson exchange are accompanied by muon tracks. Reconstructed direction of the track is arguably the most precise probe of the neutrino direction attainable in Cerenkov neutrino telescopes. Muon reconstruction techniques adopted by Baikal-GVD are discussed in the present report. Performance of the muon reconstruction is studied using realistic Monte Carlo simulation of the detector. The algorithms are applied to real data from Baikal-GVD and the results are compared with simulations. The performance of the neutrino selection based on a boosted decision tree classifier is discussed., 8 pages, 5 figures. Poster presented at 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), July 12th - 23rd, 2021, Online - Berlin, Germany. PoS(ICRC2021)1080

Published
2021
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6. The Baikal-GVD neutrino telescope: search for high-energy cascades

Author

Zhan-Arys Magysovich Dzhilkibaev, V.A. Allakhverdyan, А.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardаčová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, Rastislav Dvornicky, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, Eliška Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, Stanislav Vasilevich Fialkovsky, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, Fedor Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, Ivan Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.А. Yakovlev, D.N. Zaborov, Yu.A. Kovalev, Yu.Yu. Kovalev, A.V. Plavin, S.V. Troitsky, A.K. Erkenov, T.V. Mufakharov, Yu.V. Sotnikova, T. Hovatta, S. Kiehlmann, and A.C.S. Readhead

Published
2021
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7. Follow up of the IceCube alerts with the Baikal-GVD telescope

Author

V.Y. Dik, V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, R. Dvornický, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, E. Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, S.V. Fialkovski, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, F. Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, I. Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The high-energy muon neutrino events of the IceCube telescope, that are triggered as neutrino alerts in one of two probability ranks of astrophysical origin, "gold" and "bronze", have been followed up by the Baikal-GVD in a fast quasi-online mode since September 2020. Search for correlations between alerts and GVD events reconstructed in two modes, muon-track and cascades (electromagnetic or hadronic showers), for the time windows $ \pm $ 1 h and $ \pm $ 12 h does not indicate statistically significant excess of the measured events over the expected number of background events. Upper limits on the neutrino fluence will be presented for each alert., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings for the VLVnT 2021 conference, submitted to JINST

Published
2021
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8. The primary cosmic-ray energy spectrum measured with the Tunka-133 array

Author

N.M. Budnev, A. Chiavassa, O.A. Gress, T.I. Gress, A.N. Dyachok, N.I. Karpov, N.N. Kalmykov, E.E. Korosteleva, V.A. Kozhin, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, N.B. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, E.A. Osipova, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pankov, E.G. Popova, V.V. Prosin, V.S. Ptuskin, Yu.A. Semeney, A.A. Silaev, A.A. Silaev(junior), A.V. Skurikhin, C. Spiering, L.G. Sveshnikova, and A.V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Range (particle radiation), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Computational physics, Amplitude, Air shower, Calibration, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cherenkov radiation, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The EAS Cherenkov light array Tunka-133, with $\sim$ 3 km$^2$ geometric area, is taking data since 2009.The array permits a detailed study of energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range from $6\cdot 10^{15}$ to $10^{18}$ eV. We describe the methods of time and amplitude calibration of the array and the methods of EAS parameters reconstruction. We present the all-particle energy spectrum, based on 7 seasons of operation., Comment: 12 pages,18 figures

Published
2021
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9. Baikal-GVD: status and first results

Author

Grigory Safronov, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, Z. Bardáčová, R. Bannasch, I.A. Belolaptikov, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, G.V. Domogatsky, E. Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, S.V. Fialkovski, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, R.A. Ivanov, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.K. Kryukov, M.V. Kruglov, V.F. Kulepov, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, F. Šimkovic, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, I. Štekl, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov𝑎

Published
2020
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10. Technique for suppression of background cascades produced by atmospheric muon bundles in the Baikal-GVD

Author

V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, R. Dvornický, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, E. Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, S.V. Fialkovski, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, F. Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, I. Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

Baikal-GVD (Gigaton Volume Detector) is a neutrino telescope located in pure water of Lake Baikal. At the current stage (season 2021), detector is composed of 2304 optical modules arranged in 8 clusters. In searching for neutrino cascade events, light patterns produced via discrete stochastic energy losses along muon tracks create the most abundant background. Methods to separate cascade-like events from tracks and neutrino cascades in a single cluster have been developed and optimized. One of the method tries to find the maximum number of track hits amongst cascade hits, which are present in the muon bundle event. Other ones rely on the distributions of charges and positions of hits on optical modules associated with cascade events. All suppression methods were optimized by the Monte Carlo simulation datasets.

Published
2022
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11. Method and portable bench for tests of the laser optical calibration system components for the Baikal-GVD underwater neutrino Cherenkov telescope

Author

V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, R. Dvornický, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, E. Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, S.V. Fialkovski, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, F. Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, I. Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The large-scale deep underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes like Baikal-GVD, ANTARES or KM3NeT, require calibration and testing methods of their optical modules. These methods usually include laser-based systems which allow to check the telescope responses to the light and for real-time monitoring of the optical parameters of water such as absorption and scattering lengths, which show seasonal changes in natural reservoirs of water. We will present a testing method of a laser calibration system and a set of dedicated tools developed for Baikal- GVD, which includes a specially designed and built, compact, portable, and reconfigurable scanning station. This station is adapted to perform fast quality tests of the underwater laser sets just before their deployment in the telescope structure, even on ice, without darkroom. The testing procedure includes the energy stability test of the laser device, 3D scan of the light emission from the diffuser and attenuation test of the optical elements of the laser calibration system. The test bench consists primarily of an automatic mechanical scanner with a movable Si detector, beam splitter with a reference Si detector and, optionally, Q-switched diode-pumped solid-state laser used for laboratory scans of the diffusers. The presented test bench enables a three-dimensional scan of the light emission from diffusers, which are designed to obtain the isotropic distribution of photons around the point of emission. The results of the measurement can be easily shown on a 3D plot immediately after the test and may be also implemented to a dedicated program simulating photons propagation in water, which allows to check the quality of the diffuser in the scale of the Baikal-GVD telescope geometry., Comment: Presented at the VLVnT - Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescope Workshop, Valencia, 18-21 May 2021

Published
2021
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12. Luminescence of Baikal water as a dynamic background of the Baikal-GVD Neutrino Telescope

Author

V.A. Allakhverdyan, A.D. Avrorin, A.V. Avrorin, V.M. Aynutdinov, R. Bannasch, Z. Bardačová, I.A. Belolaptikov, I.V. Borina, V.B. Brudanin, N.M. Budnev, V.Y. Dik, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, R. Dvornický, A.N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, E. Eckerová, T.V. Elzhov, L. Fajt, S.V. Fialkovski, A.R. Gafarov, K.V. Golubkov, N.S. Gorshkov, T.I. Gress, M.S. Katulin, K.G. Kebkal, O.G. Kebkal, E.V. Khramov, M.M. Kolbin, K.V. Konischev, K.A. Kopański, A.V. Korobchenko, A.P. Koshechkin, V.A. Kozhin, M.V. Kruglov, M.K. Kryukov, V.F. Kulepov, Pa. Malecki, Y.M. Malyshkin, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, D.V. Naumov, V. Nazari, W. Noga, D.P. Petukhov, E.N. Pliskovsky, M.I. Rozanov, V.D. Rushay, E.V. Ryabov, G.B. Safronov, B.A. Shaybonov, M.D. Shelepov, F. Šimkovic, A.E. Sirenko, A.V. Skurikhin, A.G. Solovjev, M.N. Sorokovikov, I. Štekl, A.P. Stromakov, E.O. Sushenok, O.V. Suvorova, V.A. Tabolenko, B.A. Tarashansky, Y.V. Yablokova, S.A. Yakovlev, and D.N. Zaborov

Subjects
Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The Baikal-GVD is a neutrino telescope situated in the deepest freshwater lake in the world — Lake Baikal. The design of the Baikal-GVD trigger system allows also to study the ambient light of the lake. The analysis of the optical light activity of Baikal water, particularly, time and spatial variations of the luminescence activity for data collected in years 2018, 2019, and 2020 is presented. For the first time we observed highly luminescent layer moving upwards with maximal speed of 28 m/day in January 2021.

Published
2021
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13. Tunka-133: Results of 3 year operation

Author

V.V. Prosin, S.F. Berezhnev, N.M. Budnev, A. Chiavassa, O.A. Chvalaev, O.A. Gress, A.N. Dyachok, S.N. Epimakhov, N.I. Karpov, N.N. Kalmykov, E.N. Konstantinov, A.V. Korobchenko, E.E. Korosteleva, V.A. Kozhin, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, N.B. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pan'kov, E.G. Popova, V.S. Ptuskin, Yu.A. Semeney, A.A. Silaev, A.V. Skurikhin, C. Spiering, L.G. Sveshnikova, I.V. Yashin, and A.V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Mass composition, Electromagnetic radiation, Spectral line, Computational physics, Data acquisition, Range (statistics), ddc:530, Instrumentation, Energy (signal processing), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The EAS Cherenkov light array Tunka-133, with ~3 km2 geometric area, is taking data since 2009. The array permits a detailed study of cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass composition in the PeV energy range. After a short description of the methods of EAS parameter reconstruction, we present the all-particle energy spectrum and results of studying CR composition, based on 3 seasons of array operation. In the last part of the paper, we discuss possible interpretations of the obtained results.

Published
2014
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14. The Tunka – Multi-component EAS detector for high energy cosmic ray studies

Author

S.F. Berezhnev, D. Besson, N.M. Budnev, M. Büker, M. Brüeckner, A. Chiavassa, O.A. Chvalaev, O.A. Gress, A.N. Dyachok, S.N. Epimakhov, D. Hampf, A. Haungs, R. Hiller, D. Horns, A. Ivanova, N.I. Karpov, N.N. Kalmykov, Yu. Kazarina, E.N. Konstantinov, D. Kostunin, A.V. Korobchenko, E.E. Korosteleva, V.A. Kozhin, M. Kunnas, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, N.B. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, R. Monhoev, R. Nachtigall, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pankov, A.L. Pankov, A. Pokhorukov, E.G. Popova, A. Porelli, V.V. Prosin, V.S. Ptuskin, G.P. Rowell, F.G. Schröder, Yu.A. Semeney, B.A. Shaibonov, A.A. Silaev, A.V. Skurikhin, C. Spiering, D. Spitschan, L.G. Sveshnikova, R. Wischnewski, I.V. Yashin, and A.V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, High energy, Range (particle radiation), Detector, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, law, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation, Energy (signal processing), Remote sensing
Abstract

The EAS Cherenkov array Tunka-133, with about 3 km 2 sensitive area, has been installed in the Tunka Valley, Siberia. The accessible energy range is 10 15 –10 18 eV. In this contribution, a description of the array and main results obtained so far are presented. A current update of the array includes the deployment of scintillation stations, radio antennas, as well as optical stations. The deployments of these optical stations are the first step towards Tunka-HiSCORE, a wide-angle, large field-of-view gamma-ray telescope.

Published
2013
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15. Tunka-133: preliminary results from the first year of operation

Author

B.V. Antokhanov, S.F. Berezhnev, D. Besson, N.M. Budnev, A. Chiavassa, O.A. Chvalaiev, O.A. Gress, A.N. Dyachok, N.I. Karpov, N.N. Kalmykov, A.V. Korobchenko, V.A. Kozhin, E.E. Korosteleva, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pankov, E.G. Popova, Vasili V. Prosin, V.S. Ptuskin, Yu.A. Semeney, B.A. Shaibonov, A.A. Silaev, A.V. Skurikhin, J. Snyder, C. Spiering, M. Stockham, R. Wischnewski, I.V. Yashin, A.V. Zablotsky, and A.V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optical detectors, COSMIC cancer database, Pulse waveform, Meteorology, ddc:530, Cosmic ray, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

The new array Tunka-133 started data taking at the end of 2009. The apparatus records the Cherenkov light pulse waveform of extensive air showers (EAS). It consists of 133 optical detectors deployed over an area of about 1 km 2 . About two million events have been collected during 286 hours of clean moonless nights in winter 2009-2010. Using these data, we present methods of primary cosmic particle parameter reconstruction for EAS with the core both inside and outside the array and give preliminary results.

Published
2011
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16. The new Tunka-133 EAS Cherenkov array: Status of 2009

Author

B.V. Antokhonov, S.F. Beregnev, N.M. Budnev, O.B. Chvalaev, A. Chiavassa, O.A. Gress, N.N. Kalmykov, N.N. Karpov, E.E. Korosteleva, V.A. Kozhin, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pankov, V.V. Prosin, V.S. Ptuskin, Yu.A. Semeney, B. Shaibonov, A.A. Silaev, A.V. Skurikhin, Ch. Spiering, R. Wischnewski, I.V. Yashin, A.V. Zablotsky, and A.V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cherenkov detector, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Mass composition, law.invention, Data acquisition, Air shower, law, Energy spectrum, ddc:530, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

The deployment of the new Extensive air shower Cherenkov installation Tunka-133 with about 1 km 2 geometric acceptance area was completed in October 2009. The array will permit a detailed long-term study of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass composition in the energy range 10 15 –10 18 eV with a unique and more elaborate method. The array construction and data acquisition system, preliminary results and plans for future development are presented.

Published
2011
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17. The Cosmic Ray Mass Composition in the Energy Range measured with the Tunka Array: Results and Perspectives

Author

V.V. Prosin, N.M. Budnev, O.A. Chvalaiev, O.A. Gress, N.N. Kalmykov, V.A. Kozhin, E.E. Korosteleva, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, G. Navarra, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pankov, V.S. Ptuskin, Yu.A. Semeney, B.A. Shaibonov, A.A. Silaev, A.V. Skurikhin, C. Spiering, R. Wischnewski, I.V. Yashin, A.V. Zablotsky, and A.V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Air shower, Cosmic ray, Mass composition, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Cherenkov radiation, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The final analysis of the Extensive Air Shower (EAS) maximum ( X m a x ) depth distribution derived from the data of Tunka-25 atmospheric Cherenkov light array in the energy range 3 ⋅ 10 15 – 3 ⋅ 10 16 eV is presented. The perspectives of X m a x studies with the new Cherenkov light array Tunka-133 of 1 km 2 area, extending the measurements up to 10 18 eV, are discussed.

Published
2009
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18. The Tunka-Grande experiment

Author

R.D. Monkhoev, N.M. Budnev, A. Chiavassa, A.N. Dyachok, A.R. Gafarov, O.A. Gress, T.I. Gress, O.G. Grishin, A.L. Ivanova, N.N. Kalmykov, Yu.A. Kazarina, E.E. Korosteleva, V.A. Kozhin, L.A. Kuzmichev, V.V. Lenok, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, N.B. Lubsandorzhiev, R.R. Mirgazov, R. Mirzoyan, E.A. Osipova, A.L. Pakhorukov, M.I. Panasyuk, L.V. Pankov, V.A. Poleschuk, E.G. Popova, E.B. Postnikov, V.V. Prosin, V.S. Ptuskin, A.A. Pushnin, V.S. Samoliga, Y.A. Semeney, L.G. Sveshnikova, A.A. Silaev, A.A. Silaev Jr., A.V. Skurikhin, V.P. Sulakov, V.A. Tabolenko, D.M. Voronin, O.L. Fedorov, C. Spiering, A.V. Zagorodnikov, D.P. Zhurov, and V.L. Zurbanov

Subjects
Physics, Photon, COSMIC cancer database, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, Spectral line, Massless particle, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The investigation of energy spectrum and mass composition of primary cosmic rays in the energy range 10(16)–10(18) eV and the search for diffuse cosmic gamma rays are of the great interest for understanding mechanisms and nature of high-energy particle sources, the problem of great importance in modern astrophysics. Tunka-Grande scintillator array is a part of the experimental complex TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for Cosmic Ray and Gamma Astronomy) which is located in the Tunka Valley, about 50 km from Lake Baikal. The purpose of this array is the study of diffuse gamma rays and cosmic rays of ultra-high energies by detecting extensive air showers. We describe the design, specifications of the read-out, data acquisition (DAQ) and control systems of the array.

Published
2017
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19. Registration of atmospheric neutrinos with the BAIKAL Neutrino Telescope NT-96

Author

V.A. Balkanov, I.A. Belolaptikov, L.B. Bezrukov, N.M. Budnev, A.G. Chensky, I.A. Danilchenko, Zh.-A.M. Djilkibaev, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, S.V. Fialkovsky, O.N. Gaponenko, A.A. Garus, T.I. Gress, A.M. Klabukov, A.I. Klimov, S.I. Klimushin, A.P. Koshechkin, V.F. Kulepov, L.A. Kuzmichev, V.E. Kuznetzov, J.J. Laudinskaite, S.V. Lovtzov, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, N.I. Moseiko, V.A. Netikov, E.A. Osipova, A.I. Panfilov, Yu.V. Parfenov, A.A. Pavlov, E.N. Pliskovsky, P.G. Pokhil, E.G. Popova, M.I. Rozanov, V.Yu. Rubtzov, I.A. Sokalski, Ch. Spiering, O. Streicher, B.A. Tarashansky, T. Thon, R.V. Vasiljev, R. Wischnewski, and I.V. Yashin

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Neutrino telescope, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, law.invention, Telescope, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Underwater, Neutrino, Zenith
Abstract

We present first neutrino induced events observed with a deep underwater neutrino telescope. Data from 70 days effective life time of the BAIKAL prototype telescope NT-96 have been analyzed with two different methods. With the standard track reconstruction method, 9 clear upward muon candidates have been identified, in good agreement with 8.7 events expected from Monte Carlo calculations for atmospheric neutrinos. The second analysis is tailored to muons coming from close to the opposite zenith. It yields 4 events, compared to 3.5 from Monte Carlo expectations. From this we derive a 90 % upper flux limit of 1.1 * 10^-13 cm^-2 sec^-1 for muons in excess of those expected from atmospheric neutrinos with zenith angle > 150 degrees and energy > 10GeV.

Published
1999
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20. Status of the AMANDA and BAIKAL neutrino telescopes

Author

P. Askebjer, S.W. Barwick, R. Bay, L. Bergström, A. Bouchta, S. Carius, E. Dahlberg, K. Engel, B. Erlandsson, A. Goobar, L. Gray, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, H. Heukenkamp, P.O. Hulth, S. Hundertmark, J. Jacobsen, S. Johansson, V. Kandhadai, A. Karle, I. Liubarsky, D. Lowder, T. Mikolajski, T.C. Miller, P. Mock, R. Morse, D. Nygren, R. Porrata, P.B. Price, A. Richards, H. Rubinstein, E. Schneider, C. Spiering, O. Streicher, Q. Sun, T. Thon, S. Tilav, C. Walck, C. Wiebusch, R. Wischnewski, G. Yodh, I.A. Belolaptikov, L.B. Bezrukov, B.A. Borisovets, N.M. Budnev, A.G. Chensky, I.A. Danilchenko, Zh.-A.M. Djilkibaev, V.I. Dobrynin, G.V. Domogatsky, A.A. Doroshenko, S.V. Fialkovsky, O.N. Gaponenko, A.A. Garus, T.A. Gress, S.B. Ignat'ev, A.M. Klabukov, A.I. Klimov, S.I. Klimushin, A.P. Koshechkin, V.F. Kulepov, L.A. Kuzmichev, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, A.V. Moroz, N.I. Moseiko, S.A. Nikiforov, E.A. Osipova, D. Pandel, A.I. Panfilov, Yu.V. Parfenov, A.A. Pavlov, D.P. Petukhov, K.A. Pocheikin, P.G. Pokhil, P.A. Pokolev, M.I. Rosanov, V.Yu. Rubzov, S.I. Sinegovsky, I.A. Sokalski, Ch. Spiering, and B.A. Tarashansky

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Neutrino, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Published
1997
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21. Status of the Lake Baikal Experiment

Author

G.V. Domogatsky, V.A. Balkanov, I.A. Belolaptikov, L.B. Bezrukov, N.M. Budnev, A.G. Chensky, I.A. Danilchenko, Zh.-A. Djilkibaev, A.A. Doroshenko, S.V. Fialkovsky, O.N. Gaponenko, A.A. Garus, T.I. Gress, A.M. Klabukov, A.I. Klimov, S.I. Klimushin, A.P. Koshechkin, V.F. Kulepov, L.A. Kuzmichev, S.V. Lovzov, B.K. Lubsandorzhiev, M.B. Milenin, R.R. Mirgazov, A.V. Moroz, N.I. Moseiko, S.A. Nikiforov, E.A. Osipova, A.I. Panfilov, Yu.V. Parfenov, A.A. Pavlov, D.P. Petukhov, P.G. Pokhil, P.A. Pokolev, E.G. Popova, M.I. Rozanov, V.Yu. Rubzov, I.A. Sokalski, Ch. Spiering, O. Streicher, B.A. Tarashansky, T. Thon, R. Wischnewski, and I.V. Yashin

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Oceanography, Neutrino detector, Earth science, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Environmental science, Underwater, Neutrino, Astrophysics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Lepton
Abstract

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and report on neutrino events recorded with the detector stages NT-36 and NT-96., Comment: 5 pages, 4 PostScript figures, uses here.sty and mine.sty, submitted to the Proc. of 5th Int. Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (LNGS INFN, Assergi, September 7-11, 1997)

Published
1997

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