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Abstract Atmospheric pressure plasma jets with cross-field electrode configuration are a potential jet design for gases with high breakdown fields. This study focuses on the effect of an additional floating electrode on the cross-field plasma jet properties. Detailed experiments are done with the additional floating electrodes of different widths introduced below the ground electrode in a plasma jet with a cross-field electrode configuration. It is observed that in the presence of an additional floating electrode in the jet propagation path, less applied power is needed for the plasma jet to cross the nozzle and jet length increases. This threshold power, as well as the maximum jet length, depends on the electrode widths. A detailed analysis of charge dynamics in the presence of an additional floating electrode shows decrement in the net charge transferred radially to the external circuit through the ground electrode, and an increment in the net charge transferred axially. Increment in the optical emission intensity of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as the relative yield of ions like N $$^{+}$$ + , O $$^{+}$$ + , OH $$^{+}$$ + , NO $$^{+}$$ + , O $$^{-}$$ - , and OH $$^{-}$$ - in the plasma plume, that are crucial for biomedical applications suggest an improvement in the reactivity of plasma plume in the presence of additional floating electrode.

This article examines the problem of estimating the states of Markovian jumping competitive neural networks, where the estimation is done using stochastic sampled-data control with time-varying delay. Instead of continuously measuring the states, the network relies on sampled measurements, and a sampled-data estimator is proposed. The estimator uses probabilistic sampling during two sampling periods, following a Bernoulli distribution. The article also takes into account the possibility of actuator failure in real systems. To ensure the exponentially mean-square stability of the delayed neural networks, the article constructs a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) that includes information about the bounds of the delay. The sufficient conditions for stability are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by employing modified free matrix-based integral inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Though cancer-related insomnia is a grave issue, it is often overlooked by caregivers and patients alike. This study examined insomnia's prevalence in solid tumor patients and the risk factors associated with it. Methods: The prevalence of insomnia and overall sleep quality were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) aided in measuring anxiety and depression, while the Wong-Baker FACES® Pain Rating Scale was employed to measure pain. Analysis was carried out using SPSS 21.0 version software. Result: The prevalence of insomnia over two months in a group of solid tumor patients comprising 56 (34.1%) males and 108 (65.9%) females with a mean age of 57.72 ± 12.78 years was found to be 65.9%, and the group's mean PSQI score was 9.12 ± 5.38. The mean anxiety, depression, and pain scores were 7.60 ± 4.09, 7.50 ± 4.07, and 2.51 ± 2.78, respectively. We found a significant influence of anxiety, depression, and pain on insomnia (P

In the present study, Ti3C2Tx type MXene was prepared by selective etching of Al from Ti3AlC2 with mesh size of 200. The powder form of raw material was used to fabricate Ti3C2Tx by in-situ HF etching method. The MXene is further coated on non-woven paper by simply dip coating method. The detailed structural, morphology and elemental content study of as prepared Ti3C2Tx MXene have demonstrated. The MXene (Ti3AlC2) powders show compact, layered morphology as expected for bulk layered ternary carbide. The detailed elemental analysis has carried out for Titanium carbide based MXene coated and uncoated woven paper. The lower conducting property obtained for paper coating due less amount of coating in the surface of paper instead of coating on glass substrate. The electrical property characterization of MXene coated non-woven paper and glass substrate have also been studied. Hence, the conductive coating of MXene-in water formulation achieved through simple dip coating methods is promising for low cost sensor, wearable shielding device fabrication towards renewable energy and healthcare applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]