11 results on '"Radi, D."'
Search Results
2. Causes of fragile stock market stability.
- Author
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Gardini, L., Radi, D., Schmitt, N., Sushko, I., and Westerhoff, F.
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STOCK exchanges , *MARKET makers , *STOCK prices , *RATE of return on stocks , *DYNAMICAL systems - Abstract
We develop a behavioral stock market model in which a market maker adjusts stock prices with respect to the orders of chartists, fundamentalists and sentiment traders. We analytically prove that the mere presence of sentiment traders, i.e. traders who optimistically buy stocks in rising markets and pessimistically sell stocks in falling markets, compromises the stability of stock markets. In particular, this means that instead of converging towards their fundamental value, stock prices either display endogenous oscillatory dynamics or converge towards nonfundamental fixed points – observations that challenge standard stability claims offered in the pertinent literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A piecewise smooth model of evolutionary game for residential mobility and segregation.
- Author
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Radi, D. and Gardini, L.
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PIECEWISE linear approximation , *GAME theory in biology , *RESIDENTIAL mobility , *INTERNAL migration - Abstract
The paper proposes an evolutionary version of a Schelling-type dynamic system to model the patterns of residential segregation when two groups of people are involved. The payoff functions of agents are the individual preferences for integration which are empirically grounded. Differently from Schelling's model, where the limited levels of tolerance are the driving force of segregation, in the current setup agents benefit from integration. Despite the differences, the evolutionary model shows a dynamics of segregation that is qualitatively similar to the one of the classical Schelling's model: segregation is always a stable equilibrium, while equilibria of integration exist only for peculiar configurations of the payoff functions and their asymptotic stability is highly sensitive to parameter variations. Moreover, a rich variety of integrated dynamic behaviors can be observed. In particular, the dynamics of the evolutionary game is regulated by a one-dimensional piecewise smooth map with two kink points that is rigorously analyzed using techniques recently developed for piecewise smooth dynamical systems. The investigation reveals that when a stable internal equilibrium exists, the bimodal shape of the map leads to several different kinds of bifurcations, smooth, and border collision, in a complicated interplay. Our global analysis can give intuitions to be used by a social planner to maximize integration through social policies that manipulate people's preferences for integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Evolutionary technology adoption in an oligopoly market with forward-looking firms.
- Author
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Lamantia, F. and Radi, D.
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OLIGOPOLIES , *IMPERFECT competition , *BIFURCATION theory , *PIECEWISE linear approximation , *CORPORATE profits - Abstract
In this paper, we propose an evolutionary oligopoly game of technology adoption in a market with isoelastic demand and two possible (linear) production technologies. While one technology is characterized by lower marginal costs, the magnitude of fixed costs entails that a technology does not necessarily dominate the other. Firms are forward-looking as they assess the profitability of employing either technology according to the corresponding expected profits. The dynamics of the system is studied through a piecewise-smooth map, for which we present a local stability analysis of equilibria and show the occurrence of smooth and border collision bifurcations. Global analysis of the model is also presented to show the coexistence of attractors and its economic significance. This investigation reveals that firms can fail to learn to adopt the more efficient technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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5. Oral contraceptive pills: Risky or protective in case of Trichinella spiralis infection?
- Author
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Hasby Saad, M. A., Radi, D. A., and Hasby, E. A.
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TRICHINELLA spiralis , *CONTRACEPTIVE drugs , *IN vivo studies , *LABORATORY rats , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of estrogen - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate how Trichinella spiralis infection can be affected by contraceptive pills in vivo. Methods included six groups of female Wistar rats; healthy, Trichinella infected, receiving combined contraceptive pills (COCPs), receiving progestin only pills (POPs), infected receiving COCPs and infected receiving POPs. Parasite burden was measured; adult worm counts, gravidity, larvae and reproductive capacity index). Histopathological examination, immunohistochemical detection of C-kit+ mast cells and Foxp3+ T-reg. cells in intestinal sections, eosinophils muscle infiltration and CPK level were performed. Rats infected and receiving COCPs showed a significant increase in parasitic burden, and infected receiving POPs showed a significant reduction compared to infected only, with a significant increase in nongravid females (Mean total worms=964.40±55.9, 742±52.63, 686±31.68, larvae/g=5030±198.75, 2490±143.18 and 4126±152,91, respectively). Intestinal sections from infected receiving COCPs showed intact mucosa (though the high inflammatory cells infiltrate), and significant increase in C-kit+ mast cells number and intensity (30.20±4.15 and 60.40±8.29), and Foxp3+ T-reg. cells (10±1.58). Infected receiving POPs showed a significantly less CPK (5886±574.40) and eosinophilic muscle infiltration (58±13.51). Oestrogen-containing pills established a favourable intestinal environment for Trichinella by enhancing Foxp+T-reg. cells and stabilizing C-kit+mast cells, while POPs gave a potential protection with less gravidity, larval burden and eosinophilic infiltrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
- Full Text
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6. Reaching consensus on rumors.
- Author
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Merlone, U. and Radi, D.
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RUMOR , *CONSENSUS (Social sciences) , *MARKOV processes , *FORMALIZATION (Philosophy) , *STOCHASTIC processes , *SOCIAL facts - Abstract
Abstract: An important contribution in sociophysics is the Galam’s model of rumors spreading. This model provides an explanation of rumors spreading in a population and explains some interesting social phenomena such as the diffusion of hoaxes. In this paper the model has been reformulated as a Markov process highlighting the stochastic nature of the phenomena. This formalization allows us to derive conditions for consensus to be reached and for the existence of some interesting phenomena such as the emergence of impasses. The proposed formulation allows a deeper and more comprehensive analysis of the diffusion of rumors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2014
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7. Exploitation of renewable resources with differentiated technologies: An evolutionary analysis.
- Author
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Lamantia, F. and Radi, D.
- Subjects
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RESOURCE exploitation , *DYNAMICAL systems , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *HYBRID systems , *RENEWABLE energy industry , *DISCRETE-time systems - Abstract
In this paper, we propose a dynamical model of technology adoption for the exploitation of a renewable natural resource. Each technology has a different efficiency and environmental impact. The process of technology adoption over time is modeled through an evolutionary game employed by profit maximizing exploiters. The loss in profits due to lower efficiency levels of environmentally-friendly technologies can be counterbalanced by the higher consumers’ propensity to pay for greener goods. The dynamics of the resource take place in continuous time, whereas the technology choice can be revised either in continuous-time or in discrete-time. In the latter case, the model assumes the form of a hybrid system, whose dynamics is mainly explored numerically. We shows that: (1) overexploitation of the resource arises whenever the reduction in harvesting due to a lower efficiency of clean technology is more than compensated by a higher propensity to pay for greener goods; (2) the difference between the fixed costs of these technologies can be exogenously fixed to provide an incentive for adopting clean technology without affecting the long-run level of the resource; and (3) in some cases, discrete switching of the technology causes overshooting in the dynamics whereas in others it enhances the stability of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
- Full Text
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8. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a predictive marker in assisted reproductive technology (ART).
- Author
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La Marca, A., Sighinolfi, G., Radi, D., Argento, C., Baraldi, E., Artenisio, A. Carducci, Stabile, G., and Volpe, A.
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REPRODUCTIVE technology , *PROTEINS , *BIOMARKERS , *OVARIAN atresia , *SPERMATOGENESIS , *MALE infertility , *ESTRADIOL - Abstract
BACKGROUND In women, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels may represent the ovarian follicular pool and could be a useful marker of ovarian reserve. The clinical application of AMH measurement has been proposed in the prediction of quantitative and qualitative aspects in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). In men AMH is secreted in both the serum and seminal fluid. Its measurement may be useful in clinical evaluation of the infertile male. METHODS The PubMed database was systematically searched for studies published until the end of January 2009, search criteria relevant to AMH, ovarian reserve, ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation, spermatogenesis and azoospermia were used. RESULTS AMH seems to be a better marker in predicting ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation than age of the patient, FSH, estradiol and inhibin B. A similar performance for AMH and antral follicular count has been reported. In clinical practice, AMH measurement may be useful in the prediction of poor response and cycle cancellation and also of hyper-response and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. In the male, the wide overlap of AMH values between controls and infertile men precludes this hormone from being a useful marker of spermatogenesis. CONCLUSIONS As AMH may permit the identification of both the extremes of ovarian stimulation, a possible role for its measurement may be in the individualization of treatment strategies in order to reduce the clinical risk of ART along with optimized treatment burden. It is fundamental to clarify the cost/benefit of its use in ovarian reserve testing. Regarding the role of AMH in the evaluation of infertile men, AMH as single marker of spermatogenesis does not seem to reach a satisfactory clinical utility. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2010
- Full Text
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9. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) as a predictive marker in assisted reproductive technology (ART)
- Author
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La Marca A, Sighinolfi G, Radi D, Argento C, Baraldi E, Artenisio AC, Stabile G, and Volpe A
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- 2010
- Full Text
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10. Plasma catecholamines in pre- and in postmenopausal women with mild to moderate essential hypertension.
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Villecco, A S, de Aloysio, D, Radi, D, Sprovieri, G, Bargossi, A M, Grossi, G, Gueli, C, Salgarello, M, and Cavrini, G
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ESSENTIAL hypertension , *NORADRENALINE , *WOMEN - Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and many studies have established a relationship between plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) and sympathetic nervous activity (SNA). Furthermore, it has been suggested that climacteric women are more exposed to psychosocial stress which can produce a transient rise in blood pressure (BP) and, with time, determine a hypertensive state. Plasma NE and E levels were measured at rest and after physiological stimulation (head-up tilt test) in 20 hypertensive (BP: 146 ± 13/101 ± 4 mm Hg) and in 20 normotensive women (BP: 132 ± 7/85 ± 4 mm Hg). Women in each of these two groups were further subdivided according to their climacteric status (10 premenopausal and 10 postmenopausal women). No difference in NE values at rest was found between groups and subgroups. During head-up tilt test, Ln NE plasma values increased in normotensive and hypertensive groups; the rise was significantly higher in hypertensive than in normotensive women (P < 0.01). In climacteric subgroups, Ln NE appeared markedly increased above resting levels in pre- and postmenopausal hypertensive women when their position was changed from supine to upright (P < 0.01). Since high plasma NE levels after stimulation (head-up tilt) are associated with sympathetic overactivity, we conclude that SNA is involved in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension in climacteric women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1997
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11. Estrogens exert a rapid apoptotic action in anterior pituitary cells.
- Author
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Zárate, S., G. Jaita, Zaldivar, V., Radi, D. B., Eijo, G., Ferraris, J., Pisera, D., and Seilicovich, A.
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ESTROGEN , *STEROID hormones , *SEX hormones , *PITUITARY hormones , *CELL membranes , *STEROIDS , *CELL death - Abstract
It is now accepted that estrogens not only stimulate lactotrope proliferation but also sensitize anterior pituitary cells to proapoptotic stimuli. In addition to their classical mechanism of action through binding to intracellular estrogen receptors (ERs), there is increasing evidence that estrogens exert rapid actions mediated by cell membrane-localized ERs (mERs). In the present study, we examined the involvement of membrane-initiated steroid signaling in the proapoptotic action of estradiol in primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells from ovariectomized rats by using estren, a synthetic estrogen with no effect on classical transcription and a cell-impermeable 17β-estradiol conjugate (E2-BSA). Both compounds induced cell death of anterior pituitary cells after 60 mm of incubation as assessed by flow cytometry and the [3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)]-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay. Estren, E2, and E2-BSA induced apoptosis of lactotropes and somatotropes as evaluated by the deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay and immunodetection of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (OH). The proapoptotic effect of E2-BSA was abrogated by ICI-182,780, an antagonist of ERs. The expression of membrane-associated ERα was observed in PRL- and GH-bearing cells. Our results indicate that estradiol is able to exert a rapid apoptotic action in anterior pituitary cells, especially lactotropes and somatotropes, by a mechanism triggered by mERs. This mechanism could be involved in anterior pituitary cell turnover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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