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Radio-on-Free-Space Optical systems constitute a very attractive option for interconnecting central base stations with remote antenna units. Nonetheless, the optical signal propagation through the atmosphere is tremendously affected by turbulence- and misalignment-induced fading. In the present study, we investigate the transmission of code division multiple access signals over a free-space optical (FSO) link. The atmospheric turbulence is modeled by the M (Malaga) distribution, which acts as a unifying statistical model encompassing all the well-known distributions that have been proposed in the FSO area. In addition, nonzero boresight pointing errors (PEs) are employed, which are described by an accurate approximation of the Beckmann distribution. Novel mathematical expressions are extracted regarding the average bit error rate and the outage probability of the forward and the reverse link. Moreover, appropriate numerical results are depicted for various turbulence and PE scenarios, along with their associated corroborative outcomes.

Free-Space Optical (FSO) technology can effectively transfer multiple radio-frequency signals, and this new technique is commonly referred in the technical literature as radio on FSO (RoFSO). In the present study, we investigate the evaluation of an RoFSO scenario employing the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing scheme. Both phase shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats are considered, and the performance is investigated over the weak to strong atmospheric turbulence regime characterized by the recently launched Málaga or $M$-distribution probability density function (pdf). This pdf acts as a unifying statistical model, which incorporates several common irradiance scintillation distributions extensively used by researchers working in the FSO area. We particularly obtain useful mathematical expressions of some critical metrics, i.e., the average bit error rate (BER) and the probability of outage. Proper numerical results are also provided and depicted using suitable graphs to verify the accuracy of the derived expressions.

Radio-on-Free-Space Optical systems constitute a very attractive option for interconnecting central base stations with remote antenna units. Nonetheless, the optical signal propagation through the atmosphere is tremendously affected by turbulence- and misalignment-induced fading. In the present study, we investigate the transmission of code division multiple access signals over a free-space optical (FSO) link. The atmospheric turbulence is modeled by the M (Malaga) distribution, which acts as a unifying statistical model encompassing all the well-known distributions that have been proposed in the FSO area. In addition, nonzero boresight pointing errors (PEs) are employed, which are described by an accurate approximation of the Beckmann distribution. Novel mathematical expressions are extracted regarding the average bit error rate and the outage probability of the forward and the reverse link. Moreover, appropriate numerical results are depicted for various turbulence and PE scenarios, along with their associated corroborative outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free-Space Optical (FSO) technology can effectively transfer multiple radiofrequency signals, and this new technique is commonly referred in the technical literature as radio on FSO (RoFSO). In the present study, we investigate the evaluation of an RoFSO scenario employing the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing scheme. Both phase shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats are considered, and the performance is investigated over the weak to strong atmospheric turbulence regime characterized by the recently launched Málaga or M-distribution probability density function (pdf). This pdf acts as a unifying statistical model, which incorporates several common irradiance scintillation distributions extensively used by researchers working in the FSO area. We particularly obtain useful mathematical expressions of some critical metrics, i.e., the average bit error rate (BER) and the probability of outage. Proper numerical results are also provided and depicted using suitable graphs to verify the accuracy of the derived expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transmission of multiple wireless signals over optical links has attained a great research interest nowadays. In case where optical fibers are difficult to be deployed, or installation cost is prohibited, optical wireless systems provide an efficient alternative means. In this paper, we consider the WiMAX (IEEE802.16) standard and construct a simple but adequate scenario to investigate radio signal transmission over terrestrial optical wireless channels. An appropriate system architecture is adopted and a channel model, which entails some of the most critical impairments of the optical channel, i.e., attenuation, turbulence, pointing error effects, as well as of the RF channel, i.e., path loss, shadowing, and Rayleigh fading, is taken into account. The overall link budget and a closed-form of the outage probability of the system are deduced. Several analytical results are depicted using a realistic set of parameter values, to lend a helpful insight to the performance of the proposed architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]