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Sporcularda domates suyu takviyesinin aerobik egzersizde HDL ve LDL kolesterol düzeylerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmaya, yaş ortalaması 20,21± 2,08 yıl olan, BKİ ortalamaları 20,98±2,61 kg/m² olan, değişik branşlarda ortalama 2,50±1,83 yıl spor yapan, sağlıklı 14 erkek sporcu katıldı. Sporculara, 21 gün aerobik egzersiz (10 dakika ısınma hareketleri, %70-80 şiddet aralığında 30 dakika koşu ve 10 dakika soğuma hareketleri) uygulandı ve her egzersiz sonrası 250 ml domates suyu içirildi. 22 ve 42 günler arası arınma dönemine alınarak sadece aerobik egzersiz uygulandı ve 250 ml domates suyu içirilmedi. Veriler, 42 günlük egzersiz öncesi ve egzersiz sonrasında farklılıkları ortaya koymak için SPSS paket programı yardımı ile bağımlı gruplar arası ortalamaların karşılaştırılması için kullanılan testler ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro-Wilk testi ile incelenmiştir. Verilerden normal dağılım gösterenler Bağımlı T testi ile normal dağılım göstermeyenler ise Wilcoxon testi ile analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p

[Purpose] The aim of the study was to determine the effects of dietary CoQ10 on serum biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation, and HSP expression in the liver and slow-twitch muscles (soleus and gastronemius deep portion) of exercise-trained rats. [Methods] A total of 42 Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: 1) Control, 2) Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), 3) Chronic Exercise (CE), 4) CE + CoQ10, 5) Acute Exercise (AE), and 6) AE + CoQ10. The rats were subjected to the running test 5 days a week for 6 weeks after which CoQ10 was administered via the diet. AE (running on the treadmill until the rats were exhausted) was done on the last day [Results] The results showed no significant difference in serum glucose and liver functions in any of the groups. However, CoQ10 and exercise treatment were found to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Serum and muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be lower in the CE and CE + CoQ10 groups compared to the control group. The highest levels of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in liver and muscle were found in the AE group, and the lowest levels were found in CE + CoQ10 group. CoQ10 supplementation reduced HSP expression in both CE-and AE-trained rats (P < 0.05). [Conclusion] The results showed that CoQ10 supplementation could reduce MDA levels, protect against oxidative damage, and regulate HSP expression in CE-and AE-trained rats. CE and CoQ10 were shown to reduce oxidative stress synergistically.

In this study, the effects of L-Carnitine supplementation on the lipid peroxidation and expression of PPAR-γ and glucose transporters in the liver and muscles of chronically and acutely exercised rats were investigated. A total of 42 male Wistar Albino rats (8-week-old) were divided into six groups as follows: Control, L-Carnitine, Chronic Exercise (CE), Chronic Exercise + L-Carnitine, Acute Exercise (AE) and L-Carnitine + Acute Exercise. Chronic exercise consists of 30 m/min, 30 min/day, and 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Rats in the acute exercise groups were run on the treadmill at 30 m/min until exhaustion. L-Carnitine was given at the level of 300 mg per kilogram of diet for 6 weeks. There was no significant difference in the levels of serum ALT, AST, urea, creatinine and glucose levels between the exercise and L-Carnitine groups (P > 0.05). Cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased by L- carnitine supplementation and chronic exercise in control groups but increased in the AE groups compared to the control group without reinforcement (P < 0.05). Serum, muscle, heart, and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower in CE and higher in the AE groups (P < 0.001). However, L-Carnitine supplementation reduced MDA levels (P < 0.05). Liver and muscle PPAR-γ, liver GLUT-2 and muscle GLUT-4 mRNA expressions were lower in AE group than in all other groups (P < 0.001). Both chronic exercise and supplemental L-Carnitine increased liver and muscle PPAR-γ, GLUT-2 and GLUT-4 mRNA expression (P

Chromium picolinate (CrPic) is commonly used to reduce muscle fatigue after exercise. We aimed to elucidate the effects of CrPic on glucose and lipid metabolism and the expression of glucose transporters in exercised rats.Forty-two male Wistar rats (8-week-old) were distributed into six groups (n = 7) as follows: Control, CrPic, Chronic Exercise (CEx), CEx + CrPic, Acute Exercise (AEx), and AEx + CrPic. CEx consists of 30 m/min, 30 min/day, and 5 days/week for 6 weeks. CrPic was supplemented at 400 μg elemental Cr/kg of diet for 6 weeks. In the AEx groups, animals were run on the treadmill at 30 m/min until exhaustion.CEx significantly lowered blood glucose (BG), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels, but elevated insulin concentration (IC), compared with control (P 0.05). CEx significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum, liver, and muscle while AEx elevated it (P 0.001 for all). CrPic significantly decreased BG, TC, TG levels, and increased IC with a remarkable effect in CEx rats (P 0.01). CrPic also significantly reduced serum, liver, and muscle MDA levels (P 0.001). Both AEx and CEx increased the expression of liver glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2) and muscle GLUT-4 with the highest level in CEx rats (P 0.05). Moreover, CrPic supplementation significantly elevated GLUT-2 and GLUT-4 expressions in the liver and muscle of sedentary and exercise-treated rats (P 0.05).CrPic improves various metabolic parameters and reduces oxidative stress in CEx and AEx rats by decreasing BG, TC, TG, MDA levels in serum and elevating GLUT-2 and GLUT-4 expression in the liver and muscle samples. The efficacy of CrPic was more pronounced in CEx rats.

Kazim Sahin,1Ragip Pala,2Mehmet Tuzcu,3 Oguzhan Ozdemir,3 Cemal Orhan,1 Nurhan Sahin,1 Vijaya Juturu4 1Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2Department of Movement and Training Science, 3Department of Biology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey; 4OmniActive Health Technologies Inc., Morristown, NJ, USA Purpose: Exercise (Ex) increases reactive oxygen species and impairs antioxidant defense systems. Recent data suggest that curcumin (CW) possesses peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of CW supplementation on Ex performance, endurance, and changes in serum and muscle proteins in rats after exhaustive Ex.Materials and methods: Twenty-eight (28) male Wistar rats (age: 8weeks and body weight: 180±20g) were divided into four treatment groups: 1) control (C; no Ex), 2) C + CW (no Ex + CW), 3) C + Ex, and 4) C + Ex + CW (Ex + CW). CW was administered as 100mg/kg CurcuWin®, providing 20mg of curcuminoids daily for 6weeks. A motor-driven rodent treadmill was used to carry out the Ex protocols. During a 5-day period, animals in chronic Ex groups were put through different regimens: day 1, 10m/min for 10minutes; day 2, 20m/min for 10minutes; day 3, 25m/min for 10minutes; day 4, 25m/min for 20minutes; and day 5, 25m/min for 30minutes. Animals were exercised at 25m/min for 45min/d for 5d/wk for 6weeks. Blood and muscle samples were analyzed for muscle markers, oxidative stress, and antioxidant markers.Results: Lactate and muscle malondialdehyde levels decreased in the CW-treated groups (P

BACKGROUND: Chromium histidinate (CrHis) and biotin are micronutrients commonly used to improve health by athletes and control glycaemia by patients with diabetes. This study investigates the effects of 8-week regular exercise training in rats together with dietary CrHis and biotin supplementation on glucose, lipids and transaminases levels, as well as protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB). METHODS: A total of 56 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups of 7 animals each and treated as follows: Control, CrHis, Biotin, CrHis+Biotin, Exercise, CrHis+Exercise, Biotin+Exercise, and CrHis+Biotin+Exercise. The doses of CrHis and biotin were 400 μg/kg and 6 mg/kg of diet, respectively. The training program consisted of running at 30 m/min for 30 min/day at 0% grade level, 5 days per week, once a day for 6 weeks. Serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were measured with an automatic biochemical analyzer. Muscle and liver PPAR-γ, IRS-1 and NF-κB expressions were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Regular exercise significantly (p 0.05). CrHis/biotin improves the proteins expression levels of IRS-1, PPAR-γ, and NF-κB (effect size: large for all) in the liver and muscle of sedentary and regular exercise-trained rats (p

In the study, it was aimed to investigate the changes in some biochemical parameters (urea, AST, ALT, glucose, creatinine and TSH) of women with acute exercise. 50 women aged 19-48 years participated in the study as volunteers. Urea, AST, ALT, glucose, creatinine and TSH levels were analyzed in blood samples taken before exercise and at the end of an acute exercise session. SPSS package program and Paired Samples t test were used for the comparison of pre and post test results of the obtained data. When the results were evaluated, while there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test values of the study group in urea, AST and ALT levels (p0,05). In conclusion, it can be said that acute swimming exercises applied to women cause a significant change in liver enzymes (AST, ALT) and urea levels and these changes may be considered beneficial for the health status of the individual.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the obesity levels of the individuals living in Van in terms of some variables. Methods: A total of 1000 people participated in the survey, with 399 women and 601 men with a mean age of 35.89 ± 8.60. The results obtained from the study were analyzed with the SPSS 20.0 package program. In the analysis of the data, the t test and the One Way Anova test were applied to determine the difference between the groups. Results: As a result of the analyzes, % 3.5 of the participants were weak, 60.1% were normal weight, 28.3% were overweight, % 6.5 were 1. degree obese, % 1.3 II the grade is obese and % 0.3 is III. degree obese. The grade was determined to be obese. There was a statistically significant difference between the BMI values of the participants and regular sporting, gender and marital status (p 0,05). Conclusions: As a result, it was determined that % 28.3 of the participants were overweight and 8.1% obese. Regular sporting can have a positive effect on BMI.

Objective: Capsaicinoids (CAPs) are the major pungent, naturally occurring active compounds in capsicum fruits such as hot chili peppers. We recently demonstrated that CAPs inhibits pancreatic lipase and down regulates C/EBPα and PPARγ. Therefore, we hypothesized that CAPS may enhance exercise by effective utilization of lipids in rats. In this study, we observed changes in protein expressions levels of NFkB, IL-10, Nrf2, pAMPK and HO-1 in rats fed a diet containing CAPs. Methods: Eight week old male Wistar rats were treated in four treatment groups (i) control [no Ex, Group I (CTL)] (ii) CTL + CAPs [no Ex, 0.2 mg capsaicinoids from 10 mg/kg BW/day Capsimax ® , Group II] (iii) CTL + Ex [Group III] and (iv) CTL + Ex+ CAPs [0.2 mg capsaicinoids from 10 mg/kg BW/day Capsimax ® ] for 8 wks. The Ex protocols were performed on a motor-driven rodent treadmill (TMR). All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of Inonu University (Malatya, Turkey; 2014/A-55). Blood analysis for triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL), muscle analysis for lactate, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malonaldehyde (MDA a marker of oxidative stress [OS]) were estimated. Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK), Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 ( HO1), nuclear factor (NF-κB) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) proteins in the gastrocnemius muscle was evaluated by Western blotting. Results: As shown in Table, Group IV significantly increased running performance and exhaustion time and a significant decrease in TG and CHOL was observed compared with other treatments. A significant decrease in lactate and MDA and increase in SOD and GPx were observed in Group IV. An increase in protein levels of pAMPK, Nrf2, and HO1 and a decrease in NF-κB and IL-10 levels were observed in Group IV. Discussion: These results suggest CAPs with Ex may enhance the effect of exercise by effective utilization of lipids by increasing pAMPK and Nrf2.

Exercise (Ex) increases ROS and impairs antioxidant defense systems. Recent data suggest curcumin [CurcuWINTM Turmeric Extract, minimum 20% curcuminoids] possesses PPAR gamma activity and anti-infl...