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1. Effects of simvastatin and omega 3-fatty acids on blood pressure, plasma lipid profiles, liver and renal function in type 2 diabetes

Author

Awad G Abdellatif, Mustafa Younis Younis, Esam Denna, Safa Elbadri, Ghazala Othman, Fadya A Menesi, Abdulkader H El Debani, Ragab B Roaeid, Faraj El-Shari, and Saleh E. Meghil

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Creatinine, biology, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Renal function, Aspartate transaminase, Type 2 diabetes, medicine.disease, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, High-density lipoprotein, chemistry, Simvastatin, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Low-density lipoprotein, polycyclic compounds, medicine, biology.protein, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), business, medicine.drug
Abstract

A group of patients with increased diabetes andhyperlipidemia were divided into male and female groupsand further subdivided into 3 groups. These groupsreceived, either simvastatin (20 mg daily), Omega3-fattyacid (2g/day), or both. The blood pressure and lipid profilewere measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment.Our data showed that treatment with simvastatin did notproduce significant effect on blood pressure, howeverthe blood pressure was significantly reduced in patientsreceived omega 3-fatty acid or simvastatin plus omega3-fatty acid. The total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG),and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly decreasedin all treated groups. The high density lipoprotein (HDL)significantly increased in all treated groups except inthe group of males, receiving simvastatin. Alaninetransaminase (ALT) increased significantly in femaleand male groups receiving simvastatin, but significantlydecreased in same groups receiving omega 3-fatty acidand in the male receiving simvastatin plus omega3-fattyacid. The aspartate transaminase (AST) levels significantlydecreased in all treated groups except in the female groupgiven omega3-fatty acid. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP)was significantly increased only in the groups givensimvastatin alone. The levels of urea and creatinine werenot affected in all groups. In our prospective study wefound that simvastatin decreased TC, TG and LDL, and resulted in elevation of liver transaminases. Omega3- fattyacid alone or plus simvastatin has similar effect on lipidprofile and it significantly reduces blood pressure withoutaffecting liver or renal function. Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Simvastatin,Omega-3 fatty acid, ALT, AST, ALP

Published
2016
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2. Improving the ZnO-photocatalytic degradation of humic acid using powdered residuals from water purification plant

Author

Mohamed Elmougi, Hisham El-Etriby, Ragab Barakat, Mohamed Gar Alalm, and Mohamed Mossad

Subjects
alum, humic acid, photocatalysis, residuals, zno, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066
Abstract

Alum residuals were collected from a water treatment plant and used for improving the photocatalytic degradation of humic acid (HA) by combinations of zinc oxide (ZnO) and powdered residuals from a water purification plant (PRWPP). The influence of operating conditions such as initial humic acid concentration, pH, irradiation time, PRWPP to ZnO ratio, catalyst dose, and light illuminance have been investigated. The optimum PRWPP to ZnO ratio was 10:90. Using the prepared composites instead of bare ZnO raised the HA removal efficiency from 85.5% to 97.8%, and from 38% to 48.1% at catalyst doses of 1.2 g/l and 0.4 g/l, respectively. Moreover, it reduced energy consumption from 210.4 to 166.2 Wh per mg of HA. An artificial neural network model (ANN) was developed to predict the removal efficiency under different operating conditions. The optimum ANN structure yielded a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.993). A modified Langmuir-Hinshelwood pseudo-first-order model was used for describing the degradation kinetics at different initial concentrations of HA. HIGHLIGHTS Adding PRWPP enhanced the removal efficiency, reduced the ZnO dosage, and reduced the energy consumption.; PRWPP addition had a positive outcome on the environment, and its impact was confirmed using an ANN model.; HA photocatalytic degradation was found to be dependent on catalyst dosage, initial HA concentration, pH, retention time, and light illuminance.;

Published
2022
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3. The Global Cardiovascular Risk Transition: Associations of Four Metabolic Risk Factors with Macroeconomic Variables in 1980 and 2008

Author

Goodarz, Danaei, Gitanjali, M Singh, Christopher, J Paciorek, John, K Lin, Melanie, J Cowan, Mariel, M Finucane, Farshad, Farzadfar, Gretchen, A Stevens, Leanne, M Riley, Yuan, Lu, Mayuree, Rao, Majid, Ezzati, Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating Group: Writing and Global Analysis Group: Goodarz Danaei, Paciorek, Christopher J., Lin, John K., Cowan, Melanie J., Finucane, Mariel M., Stevens, Gretchen A., Riley, Leanne M., Peres, Cynthia Pérez, Román Pérez-Fernández, Rafael Pichardo, Hwee Pin Phua, Majid Ezzati. Contributed equally to the research and manuscript and listed in alphabetic order. Country Data Group: Geir Aamodt, Ziad Abdeen, Nabila A. Abdella, Hanan F. Abdul Rahim, Juliet Addo, Wichai Aekplakorn, Mustafa M. Afifi, Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Carlos A. Aguilar Salinas, Charles Agyemang, Mohamed M. Ali, Mohannad Al-Nsour, Abdul R. Al-Nuaim, Ramachandran Ambady, Pertti Aro, Fereidoun Azizi, Carlo M. Barbagallo, Marco Antonio M. Barbieri, Alberto Barceló, Sandhi M. Barreto, Henrique Barros, Leonelo E. Bautista, Athanase Benetos, Peter Bjerregaard, Cecilia Björkelund, Simona Bo, Martin Bobak, Enzo Bonora, Babu V. Bontha, Manuel A. Botana, Pascal Bovet, Juergen Breckenkamp, Monique M. Breteler, Grazyna Broda, Ian J. Brown, Michael Bursztyn, Antonio Cabrera de León, Hannia Campos, Francesco P. Cappuccio, Vincenzo Capuano, Edoardo Casiglia, Maurizio Castellano, Katia Castetbon, Luis Cea, ChihJen Chang, Noureddine Chaouki, Somnath Chatterji, Chien-Jen Chen, Zhengming Chen, Jin-Su Choi, Lily Chua, Renata Cífková, Linda J. Cobiac, Richard S. Cooper, Anna Maria Corsi, Michael C. Costanza, Cora L. Craig, Rachel S. Dankner, Saeed Dastgiri, Elias Delgado, Gonul Dinc, Yasufumi Doi, Guang-Hui Dong, Eleonora Dorsi, Nico Dragano, Adam Drewnowski, Robert W. Eggertsen, Paul Elliott, Anders Engeland, Cihangir Erem, Alireza Esteghamati, Caroline H. D. Fall, Jian-Gao Fan, Catterina Ferreccio, Leopold Fezeu, Josélia O. Firmo, Hermes J. Florez, Nélida S. Fornés, F. Gerry R. Fowkes, Guido Franceschini, Fredrik Frisk, Flávio D. Fuchs, Eva L. Fuller, Linn Getz, Simona Giampaoli, Luis F. Gómez, Juan M. Gomez-Zumaquero, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, Janet F. Grant, Ramiro Guerrero Carvajal, Martin C. Gulliford, Rajeev Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Oye Gureje, Tine W. Hansen, Jun Hata, Jiang He, Noor Heim, Joachim Heinrich, Tomas Hemmingsson, Anselm Hennis, William H. Herman, Victor M. Herrera, Suzanne Ho, Michelle Holdsworth, Gunilla Hollman Frisman, Wilma M. Hopman, Akhtar Hussain, Abdullatif Husseini, M. Mohsen Ibrahim, Nayu Ikeda, Bjarne K. Jacobsen, Hashem Y. Jaddou, Tazeen H. Jafar, Mohsen Janghorbani, Grazyna Jasienska, Michel R. Joffres, Jost B. Jonas, Othman A. Kadiki, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Raoul M. Kamadjeu, Ioannis Karalis, Mika J. Kastarinen, Joanne Katz, Lital Keinan-Boker, Paul Kelly, Omid Khalilzadeh, Young-Ho Khang, Stefan Kiechl, Ki Woong Kim, Yutaka Kiyohara, Junji Kobayashi, Maressa P. Krause, Růžena Kubínová, Pawel Kurjata, Yadlapalli S. Kusuma, Tai Hing Lam, Arnulf Langhammer, Carlene M. M. Lawes, Cai Le, Jeannette Lee, Claire Lévy-Marchal, Yanping Li, Yuqiu Li, Stephen Lim, T. O. Lim, Xu Lin, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Hsien-Ho Lin, Lars Lind, Lauren Lissner, Xiaoqing Liu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Roberto Lorbeer, Guansheng Ma, Stefan Ma, Francesc Macià, David R. MacLean, Stefania Maggi, Dianna J. Magliano, Marcia Makdisse, Giuseppe Mancia, Toshifumi Mannami, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Jean Claude N. Mbanya, Norma McFarlane-Anderson, Roberto Miccoli, Juhani Miettola, Hoang V. Minh, Juan F. Miquel, J. Jaime Miranda, Mostafa K. Mohamed, V. Mohan, Salim Mohanna, Ali Mokdad, Willem F. Mollentze, Dante D. Morales, Karen Morgan, Lorenza M. Muiesan, Sergio Muntoni, Iraj Nabipour, Tomoko Nakagami, Vinay Nangia, Barbara Nemesure, Martin Neovius, Kjersti A. Nerhus, Flavio Nervi, Hannelore Neuhauser, Minh Nguyen, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Marianna Noale, Sang W. Oh, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Oliviero Olivieri, Ayse Emel Önal, Altan Onat, Myriam Oróstegui, Hermann Ouedraogo, Wen-Harn Pan, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Francesco Panza, Yongsoo Park, Valeria M. A. Passos, Mangesh S. Pednekar, Marco A., Pistelli, Francesco, Pedro Plans, Maria Polakowska, Neil Poulter, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Qing Qiao, Masoud Rafiei, Olli, T. Raitakari, Luiz R. Ramos, Sanjay Rampal, Lekhraj Rampal, Finn Rasmussen, Kanala K. R. Reddy, Josep Redon, Luis Revilla, Victoria Reyes-García, Ragab B. Roaeid, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, Rosalba Rojas-Martinez, Kimmo Ronkainen, Luis Rosero-Bixby, Gregory A. Roth, Harshpal S. Sachdev, José R. Sánchez, Selim Y. Sanisoglu, Susana Sans, Nizal Sarraf-Zadegan, Marcia Scazufca, Beatriz D. Schaan, Norberto Schapochnik, Hedi Schelleman, Ione J. C. Schneider, C. Mary Schooling, Bernhard Schwarz, Cevad Sekuri, Martha S. Sereday, Lluís Serra-Majem, Jonathan Shaw, Abdul S. Shera, Zumin Shi, Rahman Shiri, Xiao Ou Shu, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Eglé Silva, Leon A. Simons, Margaret Smith, Stefan Söderberg, Suharko Soebardi, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Emily Sonestedt, Ahmet Soysal, Pär Stattin, Aryeh D. Stein, George S. Stergiou, Jochanan Stessman, Akihiro Sudo, Machi Suka, Valter Sundh, Kristina Sundquist, Johan Sundström, Andrew B. Swai, E. Shyong Tai, Kristian Tambs, Fikru Tesfaye, George N. Thomas, Margaret Thorogood, Reijo S. Tilvis, Martin Tobias, Liv E. Torheim, Peter Trenkwalder, Jaakko O. Tuomilehto, Josep A. Tur, Christophe Tzourio, Ana I. Uhernik, Flora A. Ukoli, Nigel Unwin, Stephen Vander Hoorn, Mark P. Vanderpump, Jose Javier Varo, Marit B. Veierød, Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez, Monique Verschuren, Lucie Viet, Salvador Villalpando, Jesus Vioque, Peter Vollenweider, Stefano Volpato, Ningli Wang, Ya X. Wang, Mark Ward, Sarwono Waspadji, Lennart X. Welin, Lars Wilhelmsen, Johann Willeit, Mark Woodward, André J. Xavier, Fei Xu, Liang Xu, Akira Yamamoto, Gonghuan Yang, Xiaoguang Yang, Li-Chia Yeh, Jin-Sang Yoon, Qisheng You, Zhijie Yu, Jian Zhang, Lei Zhang, Wei Zheng, and Maigeng Zhou.

Subjects
obesity, diabetes mellitus, blood pressure, cholesterol, epidemiology
Published
2013

4. Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: A comparative risk assessment

Author

Danaei, G, Lu, Y, Singh, G, Carnahan, E, Stevens, G, Cowan, M, Farzadfar, F, Lin, J, Finucane, M, Rao, M, Khang, Y, Riley, L, Arian, D, Lim, S, Ezzati, M, Aamodt, G, Abdeen, Z, Abdella, N, Rahim, H, Addo, J, Aekplakorn, W, Afifi, M, Agabiti-Rosei, E, Salinas, C, Agyemang, C, Ali, M, Al-Nsour, M, Al-Nuaim, A, Ambady, R, Angelantonio, E, Aro, P, Azizi, F, Babu, B, Bahalim, A, Barbagallo, C, Barbieri, M, Barceló, A, Barreto, S, Barros, H, Bautista, L, Benetos, A, Bjerregaard, P, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Bonora, E, Botana, M, Bovet, P, Breckenkamp, J, Breteler, M, Broda, G, Brown, I, Bursztyn, M, de León, A, Campos, H, Cappuccio, F, Capuano, V, Casiglia, E, Castellano, M, Castetbon, K, Cea, L, Chang, C, Chaouki, N, Chatterji, S, Chen, C, Chen, Z, Choi, J, Chua, L, Cífková, R, Cobiac, L, Cooper, R, Corsi, A, Costanza, M, Craig, C, Dankner, R, Dastgiri, S, Delgado, E, Dinc, G, Doi, Y, Dong, G, Dorsi, E, Dragano, N, Drewnowski, A, Eggertsen, R, Elliott, P, Engeland, A, Erem, C, Esteghamati, A, Fall, C, Fan, J, Ferreccio, C, Fezeu, L, Firmo, J, Florez, H, Fornés, N, Fowkes, F, Franceschini, G, Frisk, F, Fuchs, F, Fuller, E, Getz, L, Giampaoli, S, Gómez, L, Gomez-Zumaquero, J, Iversen, S, Grant, J, Carvajal, R, Gulliford, M, Gupta, R, Gupta, P, Gureje, O, Gutierrez, H, Hansen, T, Hata, J, He, J, Heim, N, Heinrich, J, Hemmingsson, T, Hennis, A, Herman, W, Herrera, V, Ho, S, Holdsworth, M, Frisman, G, Hopman, W, Hussain, A, Husseini, A, Ibrahim, M, Ikeda, N, Jacobsen, B, Jaddou, H, Jafar, T, Janghorbani, M, Jasienska, G, Joffres, M, Jonas, J, Kadiki, O, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kamadjeu, R, Kaptoge, S, Karalis, I, Kastarinen, M, Katz, J, Keinan-Boker, L, Kelly, P, Khalilzadeh, O, Kiechl, S, Kim, K, Kiyohara, Y, Kobayashi, J, Krause, M, Kubínová, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, Y, Lam, T, Langhammer, A, Lawes, C, Le, C, Lee, J, Lévy-Marchal, C, Lewington, S, Li, Y, Lim, T, Lin, X, Lin, C, Lin, H, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, X, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lorbeer, R, Ma, G, Ma, S, Macià, F, Maclean, D, Maggi, S, Magliano, D, Makdisse, M, Mancia, G, Mannami, T, Marques-Vidal, P, Mbanya, J, McFarlane-Anderson, N, Miccoli, R, Miettola, J, Minh, H, Miquel, J, Miranda, J, Mohamed, M, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Mollentze, W, Morales, D, Morgan, K, Lorenza M Muiesan, N, Muntoni, S, Nabipour, I, Nakagami, T, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, K, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Oh, S, Ohkubo, T, Olivieri, O, Önal, A, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Pan, W, Panagiotakos, D, Panza, F, Park, Y, Passos, V, Pednekar, M, Pelizzari, P, Peres, M, Cynthia Pérez, N, Pérez-Fernández, R, Pichardo, R, Phua, H, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Polakowska, M, Poulter, N, Prabhakaran, D, Qiao, Q, Rafiei, M, Raitakari, O, Ramos, L, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Reddy, K, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes-García, V, Roaeid, R, Robinson, C, Rodriguez-Artalejo, F, Rojas-Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosero-Bixby, L, Roth, G, Sachdev, H, Sánchez, J, Sanisoglu, S, Sans, S, Sarraf-Zadegan, N, Scazufca, M, Schaan, B, Schapochnik, N, Schelleman, H, Schneider, I, Schooling, C, Schwarz, B, Sekuri, C, Sereday, M, Serra-Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shera, A, Shi, Z, Shiri, R, Shu, X, Silva, D, Silva, E, Simons, L, Smith, M, Söderberg, S, Soebardi, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soysal, A, Stattin, P, Stein, A, Stergiou, G, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Suka, M, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Swai, A, Tai, E, Tambs, K, Tesfaye, F, Thomas, G, Thorogood, M, Tilvis, R, Tobias, M, Torheim, L, Trenkwalder, P, Tuomilehto, J, Tur, J, Tzourio, C, Uhernik, A, Ukoli, F, Unwin, N, Hoorn, S, Vanderpump, M, Varo, J, Veierød, M, Velásquez-Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Vollenweider, P, Volpato, S, Wang, N, Wang, Y, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Lennart X Welin, N, Whitlock, G, Wilhelmsen, L, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Wormser, D, André J Xavier, N, Xu, F, Xu, L, Yamamoto, A, Yang, G, Yang, X, Yeh, L, Yoon, J, You, Q, Yu, Z, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zheng, W, Zhou, M, Danaei, Goodarz, Lu, Yuan, Singh, Gitanjali M, Carnahan, Emily, Stevens, Gretchen A, Cowan, Melanie J, Farzadfar, Farshad, Lin, John K, Finucane, Mariel M, Rao, Mayuree, Khang, Young-Ho, Riley, Leanne M, Arian, Dariush Mozaff, Lim, Stephen S, Ezzati, Majid, Aamodt, Geir, Abdeen, Ziad, Abdella, Nabila A, Rahim, Hanan F Abdul, Addo, Juliet, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afifi, Mustafa M, Agabiti-Rosei, Enrico, Salinas, Carlos A Aguilar, Agyemang, Charles, Ali, Mohammed K, Ali, Mohamed M, Al-Nsour, Mohannad, Al-Nuaim, Abdul R, Ambady, Ramachandran, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, Aro, Pertti, Azizi, Fereidoun, Babu, Bontha V, Bahalim, Adil N, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barbieri, Marco A, Barceló, Alberto, Barreto, Sandhi M, Barros, Henrique, Bautista, Leonelo E, Benetos, Athanase, Bjerregaard, Peter, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Bonora, Enzo, Botana, Manuel A, Bovet, Pascal, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breteler, Monique M, Broda, Grazyna, Brown, Ian J, Bursztyn, Michael, de León, Antonio Cabrera, Campos, Hannia, Cappuccio, Francesco P, Capuano, Vincenzo, Casiglia, Edoardo, Castellano, Maurizio, Castetbon, Katia, Cea, Luis, Chang, Chih-Jen, Chaouki, Noureddine, Chatterji, Somnath, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Zhengming, Choi, Jin-Su, Chua, Lily, Cífková, Renata, Cobiac, Linda J, Cooper, Richard S, Corsi, Anna Maria, Costanza, Michael C, Craig, Cora L, Dankner, Rachel S, Dastgiri, Saeed, Delgado, Elias, Dinc, Gonul, Doi, Yasufumi, Dong, Guang-Hui, Dorsi, Eleonora, Dragano, Nico, Drewnowski, Adam, Eggertsen, Robert, Elliott, Paul, Engeland, Anders, Erem, Cihangir, Esteghamati, Alireza, Fall, Caroline H D, Fan, Jian-Gao, Ferreccio, Catterina, Fezeu, Leopold, Firmo, Josélia O, Florez, Hermes J, Fornés, Nélida S, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Franceschini, Guido, Frisk, Fredrik, Fuchs, Flávio D, Fuller, Eva L, Getz, Linn, Giampaoli, Simona, Gómez, Luis F, Gomez-Zumaquero, Juan M, Iversen, Sidsel Graff, Grant, Janet F, Carvajal, Ramiro Guerrero, Gulliford, Martin C, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Prakash C, Gureje, Oye, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Hansen, Tine W, Hata, Jun, He, Jiang, Heim, Noor, Heinrich, Joachim, Hemmingsson, Tomas, Hennis, Anselm, Herman, William H, Herrera, Victor M, Ho, Suzanne, Holdsworth, Michelle, Frisman, Gunilla Hollman, Hopman, Wilma M, Hussain, Akhtar, Husseini, Abdullatif, Ibrahim, M Mohsen, Ikeda, Nayu, Jacobsen, Bjarne K, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jafar, Tazeen H, Janghorbani, Mohsen, Jasienska, Grazyna, Joffres, Michel R, Jonas, Jost B, Kadiki, Othman A, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kamadjeu, Raoul M, Kaptoge, Stephen, Karalis, Ioannis, Kastarinen, Mika J, Katz, Joanne, Keinan-Boker, Lital, Kelly, Paul, Khalilzadeh, Omid, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Ki Woong, Kiyohara, Yutaka, Kobayashi, Junji, Krause, Maressa P, Kubínová, Ružena, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S, Lam, Tai H, Langhammer, Arnulf, Lawes, Carlene M M, Le, Cai, Lee, Jeannette, Lévy-Marchal, Claire, Lewington, Sarah, Li, Yanping, Li, Yuqiu, Lim, T O, Lin, Xu, Lin, Cheng-Chieh, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lind, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Liu, Xiaoqing, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Lorbeer, Roberto, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Stefan, Macià, Francesc, Maclean, David R, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Makdisse, Marcia, Mancia, Giuseppe, Mannami, Toshifumi, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, McFarlane-Anderson, Norma, Miccoli, Roberto, Miettola, Juhani, Minh, Hoang V, Miquel, Juan F, Miranda, J Jaime, Mohamed, Mostafa K, Mohan, V., Mohanna, Salim, Mokdad, Ali, Mollentze, Willem F, Morales, Dante D, Morgan, Karen, Lorenza M Muiesan, null, Muntoni, Sergio, Nabipour, Iraj, Nakagami, Tomoko, Nangia, Vinay, Nemesure, Barbara, Neovius, Martin, Nerhus, Kjersti A, Nervi, Flavio, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Nguyen, Minh, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Noale, Marianna, Oh, Sang W, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Olivieri, Oliviero, önal, Ayse Emel, Onat, Altan, Oróstegui, Myriam, Ouedraogo, Hermann, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B, Panza, Francesco, Park, Yongsoo, Passos, Valeria M A, Pednekar, Mangesh S, Pelizzari, Pamela M, Peres, Marco A, Cynthia Pérez, null, Pérez-Fernández, Román, Pichardo, Rafael, Phua, Hwee Pin, Pistelli, Francesco, Plans, Pedro, Polakowska, Maria, Poulter, Neil, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Qiao, Qing, Rafiei, Masoud, Raitakari, Olli T, Ramos, Luiz R, Rampal, Sanjay, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rasmussen, Finn, Reddy, Kanala K R, Redon, Josep, Revilla, Luis, Reyes-García, Victoria, Roaeid, Ragab B, Robinson, Carolyn A, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosero-Bixby, Luis, Roth, Gregory A, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sánchez, José R, Sanisoglu, Selim Y, Sans, Susana, Sarraf-Zadegan, Nizal, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schapochnik, Norberto, Schelleman, Hedi, Schneider, Ione J C, Schooling, C Mary, Schwarz, Bernhard, Sekuri, Cevad, Sereday, Martha S, Serra-Majem, Lluís, Shaw, Jonathan, Shera, Abdul S, Shi, Zumin, Shiri, Rahman, Shu, Xiao Ou, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Eglé, Simons, Leon A, Smith, Margaret, Söderberg, Stefan, Soebardi, Suharko, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Sonestedt, Emily, Soysal, Ahmet, Stattin, Pär, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Sudo, Akihiro, Suka, Machi, Sundh, Valter, Sundquist, Kristina, Sundström, Johan, Swai, Andrew B, Tai, E Shyong, Tambs, Kristian, Tesfaye, Fikru, Thomas, George N, Thorogood, Margaret, Tilvis, Reijo S, Tobias, Martin, Torheim, Liv E, Trenkwalder, Peter, Tuomilehto, Jaakko O, Tur, Josep A, Tzourio, Christophe, Uhernik, Ana I, Ukoli, Flora A, Unwin, Nigel, Hoorn, Stephen Vander, Vanderpump, Mark P, Varo, Jose Javier, Veierød, Marit B, Velásquez-Meléndez, Gustavo, Verschuren, Monique, Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vioque, Jesus, Vollenweider, Peter, Volpato, Stefano, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Ya X, Ward, Mark, Waspadji, Sarwono, Lennart X Welin, null, Whitlock, Gary, Wilhelmsen, Lars, Willeit, Johann, Woodward, Mark, Wormser, David, André J Xavier, null, Xu, Fei, Xu, Liang, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Gonghuan, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yeh, Li-Chia, Yoon, Jin-Sang, You, Qisheng, Yu, Zhijie, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Lei, Zheng, Wei, Zhou, Maigeng, Danaei, G, Lu, Y, Singh, G, Carnahan, E, Stevens, G, Cowan, M, Farzadfar, F, Lin, J, Finucane, M, Rao, M, Khang, Y, Riley, L, Arian, D, Lim, S, Ezzati, M, Aamodt, G, Abdeen, Z, Abdella, N, Rahim, H, Addo, J, Aekplakorn, W, Afifi, M, Agabiti-Rosei, E, Salinas, C, Agyemang, C, Ali, M, Al-Nsour, M, Al-Nuaim, A, Ambady, R, Angelantonio, E, Aro, P, Azizi, F, Babu, B, Bahalim, A, Barbagallo, C, Barbieri, M, Barceló, A, Barreto, S, Barros, H, Bautista, L, Benetos, A, Bjerregaard, P, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Bonora, E, Botana, M, Bovet, P, Breckenkamp, J, Breteler, M, Broda, G, Brown, I, Bursztyn, M, de León, A, Campos, H, Cappuccio, F, Capuano, V, Casiglia, E, Castellano, M, Castetbon, K, Cea, L, Chang, C, Chaouki, N, Chatterji, S, Chen, C, Chen, Z, Choi, J, Chua, L, Cífková, R, Cobiac, L, Cooper, R, Corsi, A, Costanza, M, Craig, C, Dankner, R, Dastgiri, S, Delgado, E, Dinc, G, Doi, Y, Dong, G, Dorsi, E, Dragano, N, Drewnowski, A, Eggertsen, R, Elliott, P, Engeland, A, Erem, C, Esteghamati, A, Fall, C, Fan, J, Ferreccio, C, Fezeu, L, Firmo, J, Florez, H, Fornés, N, Fowkes, F, Franceschini, G, Frisk, F, Fuchs, F, Fuller, E, Getz, L, Giampaoli, S, Gómez, L, Gomez-Zumaquero, J, Iversen, S, Grant, J, Carvajal, R, Gulliford, M, Gupta, R, Gupta, P, Gureje, O, Gutierrez, H, Hansen, T, Hata, J, He, J, Heim, N, Heinrich, J, Hemmingsson, T, Hennis, A, Herman, W, Herrera, V, Ho, S, Holdsworth, M, Frisman, G, Hopman, W, Hussain, A, Husseini, A, Ibrahim, M, Ikeda, N, Jacobsen, B, Jaddou, H, Jafar, T, Janghorbani, M, Jasienska, G, Joffres, M, Jonas, J, Kadiki, O, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kamadjeu, R, Kaptoge, S, Karalis, I, Kastarinen, M, Katz, J, Keinan-Boker, L, Kelly, P, Khalilzadeh, O, Kiechl, S, Kim, K, Kiyohara, Y, Kobayashi, J, Krause, M, Kubínová, R, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, Y, Lam, T, Langhammer, A, Lawes, C, Le, C, Lee, J, Lévy-Marchal, C, Lewington, S, Li, Y, Lim, T, Lin, X, Lin, C, Lin, H, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, X, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Lorbeer, R, Ma, G, Ma, S, Macià, F, Maclean, D, Maggi, S, Magliano, D, Makdisse, M, Mancia, G, Mannami, T, Marques-Vidal, P, Mbanya, J, McFarlane-Anderson, N, Miccoli, R, Miettola, J, Minh, H, Miquel, J, Miranda, J, Mohamed, M, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Mokdad, A, Mollentze, W, Morales, D, Morgan, K, Lorenza M Muiesan, N, Muntoni, S, Nabipour, I, Nakagami, T, Nangia, V, Nemesure, B, Neovius, M, Nerhus, K, Nervi, F, Neuhauser, H, Nguyen, M, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Oh, S, Ohkubo, T, Olivieri, O, Önal, A, Onat, A, Oróstegui, M, Ouedraogo, H, Pan, W, Panagiotakos, D, Panza, F, Park, Y, Passos, V, Pednekar, M, Pelizzari, P, Peres, M, Cynthia Pérez, N, Pérez-Fernández, R, Pichardo, R, Phua, H, Pistelli, F, Plans, P, Polakowska, M, Poulter, N, Prabhakaran, D, Qiao, Q, Rafiei, M, Raitakari, O, Ramos, L, Rampal, S, Rampal, L, Rasmussen, F, Reddy, K, Redon, J, Revilla, L, Reyes-García, V, Roaeid, R, Robinson, C, Rodriguez-Artalejo, F, Rojas-Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosero-Bixby, L, Roth, G, Sachdev, H, Sánchez, J, Sanisoglu, S, Sans, S, Sarraf-Zadegan, N, Scazufca, M, Schaan, B, Schapochnik, N, Schelleman, H, Schneider, I, Schooling, C, Schwarz, B, Sekuri, C, Sereday, M, Serra-Majem, L, Shaw, J, Shera, A, Shi, Z, Shiri, R, Shu, X, Silva, D, Silva, E, Simons, L, Smith, M, Söderberg, S, Soebardi, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soysal, A, Stattin, P, Stein, A, Stergiou, G, Stessman, J, Sudo, A, Suka, M, Sundh, V, Sundquist, K, Sundström, J, Swai, A, Tai, E, Tambs, K, Tesfaye, F, Thomas, G, Thorogood, M, Tilvis, R, Tobias, M, Torheim, L, Trenkwalder, P, Tuomilehto, J, Tur, J, Tzourio, C, Uhernik, A, Ukoli, F, Unwin, N, Hoorn, S, Vanderpump, M, Varo, J, Veierød, M, Velásquez-Meléndez, G, Verschuren, M, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vioque, J, Vollenweider, P, Volpato, S, Wang, N, Wang, Y, Ward, M, Waspadji, S, Lennart X Welin, N, Whitlock, G, Wilhelmsen, L, Willeit, J, Woodward, M, Wormser, D, André J Xavier, N, Xu, F, Xu, L, Yamamoto, A, Yang, G, Yang, X, Yeh, L, Yoon, J, You, Q, Yu, Z, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zheng, W, Zhou, M, Danaei, Goodarz, Lu, Yuan, Singh, Gitanjali M, Carnahan, Emily, Stevens, Gretchen A, Cowan, Melanie J, Farzadfar, Farshad, Lin, John K, Finucane, Mariel M, Rao, Mayuree, Khang, Young-Ho, Riley, Leanne M, Arian, Dariush Mozaff, Lim, Stephen S, Ezzati, Majid, Aamodt, Geir, Abdeen, Ziad, Abdella, Nabila A, Rahim, Hanan F Abdul, Addo, Juliet, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afifi, Mustafa M, Agabiti-Rosei, Enrico, Salinas, Carlos A Aguilar, Agyemang, Charles, Ali, Mohammed K, Ali, Mohamed M, Al-Nsour, Mohannad, Al-Nuaim, Abdul R, Ambady, Ramachandran, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, Aro, Pertti, Azizi, Fereidoun, Babu, Bontha V, Bahalim, Adil N, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barbieri, Marco A, Barceló, Alberto, Barreto, Sandhi M, Barros, Henrique, Bautista, Leonelo E, Benetos, Athanase, Bjerregaard, Peter, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Bonora, Enzo, Botana, Manuel A, Bovet, Pascal, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breteler, Monique M, Broda, Grazyna, Brown, Ian J, Bursztyn, Michael, de León, Antonio Cabrera, Campos, Hannia, Cappuccio, Francesco P, Capuano, Vincenzo, Casiglia, Edoardo, Castellano, Maurizio, Castetbon, Katia, Cea, Luis, Chang, Chih-Jen, Chaouki, Noureddine, Chatterji, Somnath, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Zhengming, Choi, Jin-Su, Chua, Lily, Cífková, Renata, Cobiac, Linda J, Cooper, Richard S, Corsi, Anna Maria, Costanza, Michael C, Craig, Cora L, Dankner, Rachel S, Dastgiri, Saeed, Delgado, Elias, Dinc, Gonul, Doi, Yasufumi, Dong, Guang-Hui, Dorsi, Eleonora, Dragano, Nico, Drewnowski, Adam, Eggertsen, Robert, Elliott, Paul, Engeland, Anders, Erem, Cihangir, Esteghamati, Alireza, Fall, Caroline H D, Fan, Jian-Gao, Ferreccio, Catterina, Fezeu, Leopold, Firmo, Josélia O, Florez, Hermes J, Fornés, Nélida S, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Franceschini, Guido, Frisk, Fredrik, Fuchs, Flávio D, Fuller, Eva L, Getz, Linn, Giampaoli, Simona, Gómez, Luis F, Gomez-Zumaquero, Juan M, Iversen, Sidsel Graff, Grant, Janet F, Carvajal, Ramiro Guerrero, Gulliford, Martin C, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Prakash C, Gureje, Oye, Gutierrez, Hialy R, Hansen, Tine W, Hata, Jun, He, Jiang, Heim, Noor, Heinrich, Joachim, Hemmingsson, Tomas, Hennis, Anselm, Herman, William H, Herrera, Victor M, Ho, Suzanne, Holdsworth, Michelle, Frisman, Gunilla Hollman, Hopman, Wilma M, Hussain, Akhtar, Husseini, Abdullatif, Ibrahim, M Mohsen, Ikeda, Nayu, Jacobsen, Bjarne K, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jafar, Tazeen H, Janghorbani, Mohsen, Jasienska, Grazyna, Joffres, Michel R, Jonas, Jost B, Kadiki, Othman A, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kamadjeu, Raoul M, Kaptoge, Stephen, Karalis, Ioannis, Kastarinen, Mika J, Katz, Joanne, Keinan-Boker, Lital, Kelly, Paul, Khalilzadeh, Omid, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Ki Woong, Kiyohara, Yutaka, Kobayashi, Junji, Krause, Maressa P, Kubínová, Ružena, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S, Lam, Tai H, Langhammer, Arnulf, Lawes, Carlene M M, Le, Cai, Lee, Jeannette, Lévy-Marchal, Claire, Lewington, Sarah, Li, Yanping, Li, Yuqiu, Lim, T O, Lin, Xu, Lin, Cheng-Chieh, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lind, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Liu, Xiaoqing, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Lorbeer, Roberto, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Stefan, Macià, Francesc, Maclean, David R, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Makdisse, Marcia, Mancia, Giuseppe, Mannami, Toshifumi, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, McFarlane-Anderson, Norma, Miccoli, Roberto, Miettola, Juhani, Minh, Hoang V, Miquel, Juan F, Miranda, J Jaime, Mohamed, Mostafa K, Mohan, V., Mohanna, Salim, Mokdad, Ali, Mollentze, Willem F, Morales, Dante D, Morgan, Karen, Lorenza M Muiesan, null, Muntoni, Sergio, Nabipour, Iraj, Nakagami, Tomoko, Nangia, Vinay, Nemesure, Barbara, Neovius, Martin, Nerhus, Kjersti A, Nervi, Flavio, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Nguyen, Minh, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Noale, Marianna, Oh, Sang W, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Olivieri, Oliviero, önal, Ayse Emel, Onat, Altan, Oróstegui, Myriam, Ouedraogo, Hermann, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B, Panza, Francesco, Park, Yongsoo, Passos, Valeria M A, Pednekar, Mangesh S, Pelizzari, Pamela M, Peres, Marco A, Cynthia Pérez, null, Pérez-Fernández, Román, Pichardo, Rafael, Phua, Hwee Pin, Pistelli, Francesco, Plans, Pedro, Polakowska, Maria, Poulter, Neil, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Qiao, Qing, Rafiei, Masoud, Raitakari, Olli T, Ramos, Luiz R, Rampal, Sanjay, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rasmussen, Finn, Reddy, Kanala K R, Redon, Josep, Revilla, Luis, Reyes-García, Victoria, Roaeid, Ragab B, Robinson, Carolyn A, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosero-Bixby, Luis, Roth, Gregory A, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sánchez, José R, Sanisoglu, Selim Y, Sans, Susana, Sarraf-Zadegan, Nizal, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schapochnik, Norberto, Schelleman, Hedi, Schneider, Ione J C, Schooling, C Mary, Schwarz, Bernhard, Sekuri, Cevad, Sereday, Martha S, Serra-Majem, Lluís, Shaw, Jonathan, Shera, Abdul S, Shi, Zumin, Shiri, Rahman, Shu, Xiao Ou, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Eglé, Simons, Leon A, Smith, Margaret, Söderberg, Stefan, Soebardi, Suharko, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Sonestedt, Emily, Soysal, Ahmet, Stattin, Pär, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Sudo, Akihiro, Suka, Machi, Sundh, Valter, Sundquist, Kristina, Sundström, Johan, Swai, Andrew B, Tai, E Shyong, Tambs, Kristian, Tesfaye, Fikru, Thomas, George N, Thorogood, Margaret, Tilvis, Reijo S, Tobias, Martin, Torheim, Liv E, Trenkwalder, Peter, Tuomilehto, Jaakko O, Tur, Josep A, Tzourio, Christophe, Uhernik, Ana I, Ukoli, Flora A, Unwin, Nigel, Hoorn, Stephen Vander, Vanderpump, Mark P, Varo, Jose Javier, Veierød, Marit B, Velásquez-Meléndez, Gustavo, Verschuren, Monique, Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vioque, Jesus, Vollenweider, Peter, Volpato, Stefano, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Ya X, Ward, Mark, Waspadji, Sarwono, Lennart X Welin, null, Whitlock, Gary, Wilhelmsen, Lars, Willeit, Johann, Woodward, Mark, Wormser, David, André J Xavier, null, Xu, Fei, Xu, Liang, Yamamoto, Akira, Yang, Gonghuan, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yeh, Li-Chia, Yoon, Jin-Sang, You, Qisheng, Yu, Zhijie, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Lei, Zheng, Wei, and Zhou, Maigeng

Abstract

Background: High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010. Methods: We used data for exposure to risk factors by country, age group, and sex from pooled analyses of population-based health surveys. We obtained relative risks for the effects of risk factors on cause-specific mortality from meta-analyses of large prospective studies. We calculated the population attributable fractions for each risk factor alone, and for the combination of all risk factors, accounting for multicausality and for mediation of the effects of BMI by the other three risks. We calculated attributable deaths by multiplying the cause-specific population attributable fractions by the number of disease-specific deaths. We obtained cause-specific mortality from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 Study. We propagated the uncertainties of all the inputs to the final estimates. Findings: In 2010, high blood pressure was the leading risk factor for deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes in every region, causing more than 40% of worldwide deaths from these diseases; high BMI and glucose were each responsible for about 15% of deaths, and high cholesterol for more than 10%. After accounting for multicausality, 63% (10·8 million deaths, 95% CI 10·1-11·5) of deaths from these diseases in 2010 were attributable to the combined effect of these four metabolic risk factors, compared with 67% (7·1 million deaths, 6·6-7·6) in 1980. The mortality burden of high BMI and glucose nearly doubled from 1980 to 2010. At the country level, age-standardised death rates from these diseases attributable to the c

Published
2014

5. Effects of different nitrogen and potassium sources on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) yield in a sandy soil

Author

Mohamed Awaad, Ragab Badr, Mamoduh Badr, and Ahmed Abd-elrahman

Subjects
Urea-formaldehyde, urea, potassium sulphate, Lactuca sativa, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

Lettuce plants were grown under sandy soil conditions in the private farm of Ahmed Orabi organization, Cairo Governorate Egypt, between 15th November 2009 and 15 January 2010. The experiment was conducted to assess the effects of different nitrogen sources, slow release N (urea-formaldehyde) and fast release N (urea) containing fertilizers at the rates of 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha-1 applied alone or combined with potassium sulphate, on lettuce plant yield. Results indicated that application of different sources of N alone or combined with potassium sulphate gave the highest fresh dry weight per plant and total lettuce yield per hectare compared with the control. The highest dry weight of lettuce was achieved with the combination of urea and potassium sulphate. Although fertilization made with the combination of urea and potassium sulphate resulted in the highest P, K, Zn and Mn contents in lettuce plant, fertilization with urea alone gave the highest N and Fe contents. The lowest content of nitrate in lettuce plants was recorded with the fertilization of urea only or with the combination of urea and potassium sulphate. Application of the combination of urea and potassium sulphate induced the highest protein content in plants. The results indicated that application of urea-formaldehyde as a slow release nitrogen fertilizer solely or combined with potassium sulphate significantly improved yield and yield quality of lettuce plants grown in sandy soil.

Published
2016
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6. Do cerebral microbleeds increase the risk of dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Hussein AS, Shawqi M, Bahbah EI, Ragab B, Sunoqrot M, Gadallah A, Ghaith HS, and Negida A

Abstract

Background: Dementia is a neurological disorder that commonly affects the elderly. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are small, tiny lesions of the cerebral blood vessels and have been suggested as a possible risk factor for dementia. However, data about the association between CMBs and dementia risk are inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between CMBs and dementia and highlight the possible explanations., Methods: We followed the standard PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Handbook guidelines to conduct this study. First, we searched medical electronic databases for relevant articles. Then, we screened the retrieved articles for eligibility, extracted the relevant data, and appraised the methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Finally, the extracted data were pooled as risk ratios (RR) and hazard ratios (HR) in the random-effects meta-analysis model using the Review Manager software., Results: We included nine studies with 14,221 participants and follow-up periods > 18 months. Overall, CMBs significantly increased the risk of developing dementia (RR 1.84, 95% CI [1.27-2.65]). This association was significant in the subgroups of studies on high-risk populations (RR 2.00, 95% CI [1.41-2.83], n = 1657 participants) and those in the general population (RR 2.30, 95% CI [1.25-4.26], n = 12,087 participants) but not in the memory clinic patients. Further, CMBs increased the risk of progressing to incident dementia over time (HR 2, 95% CI [1.54-2.61])., Conclusion: Individuals with CMBs have twice the risk of developing dementia or progressing to MCI than those without CMBs. The detection of CMBs will help identify the population at higher risk of developing dementia. Physicians should educate individuals with CMBs and their families on the possibility of progressing to dementia or MCI. Regular cognitive assessments, cognitive training, lifestyle modifications, and controlling other dementia risk factors are recommended for individuals with CMBs to decrease the risk of cognitive decline and dementia development., Competing Interests: None., (© 2023 The Authors.)

Published
2022
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7. Titrated oral misoprostol versus static regimen of oral misoprostol for induction of labour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Baradwan S, Alshahrani MS, Khadawardi K, Badghish E, Alkhamis WH, Mohamed DF, Kamal SHM, Abdel Halim HW, Alkholy EA, Salah Mohamed M, Abdelaal Mohamed A, Ali Barakat S, Magdy HA, Abd Elrehim EI, Abdelhakim AM, Ragab B, Metyli Elmazzaly SM, Ellaban M, Abbas AM, and Soror GI

Subjects
Administration, Intravaginal, Cervical Ripening, Delivery, Obstetric, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Labor, Induced methods, Pregnancy, Dystocia chemically induced, Misoprostol, Oxytocics adverse effects
Abstract

We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of titrated oral misoprostol versus static oral misoprostol for labour induction. We searched for the available randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, ISI web of science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov. We included RCTs compared titrated oral misoprostol versus static regimen of oral misoprostol during labour induction. Our main outcomes were vaginal and caesarean delivery rates, uterine tachysystole, misoprostol side effects, and neonatal adverse events. Three RCTs met our inclusion criteria with a total number of 360 patients. The vaginal delivery rate did not significantly differ between both groups (p = 0.49). Titrated oral misoprostol was associated with significant increase in the caesarean delivery rate compared to static oral misoprostol (p = 0.04). Moreover, titrated oral misoprostol led to significant increase in the uterine tachysystole and misoprostol side effects (p = 0.01 & p = 0.003, respectively). There were no differences among both groups regarding different neonatal adverse events. In conclusion, titrated oral misoprostol increases the incidence of caesarean delivery, uterine tachysystole, and misoprostol side effects with a similar vaginal delivery rate compared to static dose misoprostol. Thus, static oral misoprostol should be used instead of titrated oral misoprostol during labour induction. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Different studies have evaluated titrated oral misoprostol administration for induction of labour and proved their efficacy in comparison with other induction methods. However, there is controversy among the published studies between titrated oral misoprostol and static oral misoprostol during induction of labour. A recent study concluded that hourly titrated misoprostol and static oral misoprostol are equally safe and effective when utilised for induction of labour with no fear of any adverse events. However, another study recommended static oral misoprostol administration for labour induction as it was linked to a lower caesarean section incidence, fewer drug side effects, and decline in complication rates in comparison with titrated oral misoprostol. What the results of this study add? Titrated oral misoprostol increases the incidence of caesarean delivery, uterine tachysystole, and misoprostol side effects with a similar vaginal delivery rate compared to static dose misoprostol. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Static oral misoprostol should be used instead of titrated oral misoprostol during labour induction. More future trials are required to confirm our findings.

Published
2022
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8. Preoperative duloxetine on postoperative pain after laparoscopic gynecological surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author

Baradwan S, Alshahrani MS, Alkhamis WH, Allam HS, AlSghan R, Ghazi A, Ragab B, Elmazzaly SMM, Aboshama RA, Ismail RA, Dahshan SA, Al-Touny AA, Daghash NH, Abdelhakim AM, Abbas AM, Fouda AA, and Ezzat Abdelfattah L

Subjects
Duloxetine Hydrochloride therapeutic use, Female, Gynecologic Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Laparoscopy adverse effects, Pain, Postoperative drug therapy, Pain, Postoperative etiology
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative duloxetine on postoperative pain management after gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries., Methods: A systematic search was done in Cochrane Library, PubMed, ISI web of science, and Scopus from inception to September 2021. We selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared preoperative duloxetine (intervention group) versus placebo (control group) among women undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgeries. Our primary outcomes were pain scores evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. Our secondary outcomes were the time required for the first analgesic request in minutes, postoperative analgesic consumption in milligrams, length of hospital stay in days, and side effects., Results: Four RCTs with a total number of 244 patients were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. We found duloxetine was linked to a significant reduction in VAS pain scores at different time intervals. The first analgesic request was significantly earlier in the placebo group than in the duloxetine group (p = 0.03). In addition, duloxetine significantly reduced the postoperative analgesic consumption compared to placebo (MD= -41.97, 95% CI [-53.23, -30.72], p<0.001). However, both groups did not differ in the length of hospital stay and side effects., Conclusions: Duloxetine administration prior to gynecological laparoscopic surgeries is safe and effective in improving postoperative pain and analgesia., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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9. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Bekhet AH, Ragab B, Abushouk AI, Elgebaly A, and Ali OI

Subjects
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome physiopathology, Electrophysiological Phenomena, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Publication Bias, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome radiotherapy, Low-Level Light Therapy
Abstract

We performed this meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), a physiotherapy modality with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, in the management of mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Cochrane Central, and Virtual Health Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of LLLT with or without splinting versus placebo on functional and electromyographic outcomes in CTS. All outcomes were pooled as mean differences (MD) under the inverse variance or random effects model, using the statistical add-in (MetaXL, version 5.0). Eight RCTs (473 patients/631 wrists) were eligible for the final analysis. The overall effect estimates did not favor LLLT therapy group over placebo in all primary outcomes: visual analogue scale (MD -1.11, 95% CI [-2.58, 0.35]), symptom severity scale score (MD -1.41, 95% CI [-5.12, 2.29]), and functional status scale score (MD -1.33, 95% CI [-3.27, 0.61]). However, LLLT was superior to placebo in terms of grip strength (MD 2.19, 95% CI [1.63, 2.76]) and inferior to placebo in terms of sensory nerve action potential (MD -2.74, 95% CI [-3.66, -1.82]). Laser therapy is superior to placebo in terms of improving the grip strength; however, no significant difference was found between both groups in terms of functional status improvement, pain reduction, or motor electrodiagnostic evaluations. Further high-quality trials with longer follow-up periods are required to establish the efficacy of LLLT for CTS treatment.

Published
2017
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