11 results on '"Rahmel, Logan W."'
Search Results
2. PSIII-23 Supplementing Bovacillus to Newly Weaned Cattle During a 90-Day Grazing Period
- Author
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Mackey, Shea, primary, Cooke, Reinaldo F, additional, Rahmel, Logan W, additional, Colombo, Eduardo, additional, Pickett, Autumn, additional, Harvey, Kelsey M M, additional, Karisch, Brandi B, additional, and Cappellozza, Bruno I, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. 181 Effects of Moderate Exercise Regimen on Reproductive Development of Replacement Beef Heifers Reared in Drylots at a High Stocking Density
- Author
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Rahmel, Logan W, primary, Cooke, Reinaldo F, additional, Mackey, Shea, additional, Pickett, Autumn, additional, Colombo, Eduardo, additional, Drewery, Mason, additional, Cordero, Juan, additional, Daigle, Courtney L, additional, and Harvey, Kelsey M M, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. 133 Feeding Behavior of High-Risk Steers Newly Received for Backgrounding
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Rahmel, Logan W, primary, D’Souza, Genevieve M, additional, Llarena, Juan C, additional, Durst, Libby S, additional, Karisch, Brandi B, additional, Daigle, Courtney L, additional, Russel, Jason R, additional, and Harvey, Kelsey M, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. PSIII-A-20 Validation of a Portable, Self-Contained Individual Feeding Unit for Monitoring Supplement Intake of Grazing Cattle
- Author
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Llarena, Juan F Cordero, primary, Harvey, Kelsey M, additional, Durst, Libby S, additional, Rahmel, Logan W, additional, Russell, Jason R, additional, and Cooke, Reinaldo F, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Supplementing Bovacillus to Newly Weaned Cattle During a 90-Day Grazing Period.
- Author
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Mackey, Shea, Cooke, Reinaldo F., Rahmel, Logan W., Colombo, Eduardo, Pickett, Autumn, Harvey, Kelsey M. M., Karisch, Brandi B., and Cappellozza, Bruno I.
- Subjects
GRAZING ,CATTLE ,BACILLUS subtilis ,BERMUDA grass ,MINERAL waters ,BODY weight - Abstract
This experiment compared performance, health, and physiological responses of weaned cattle receiving Bacillus subtilis derivative in a 90-d grazing period. Recently weaned Angus-influenced steers (n = 120) were obtained from an auction yard on d -1 and transported 150 km to research facility. Immediately after arrival on d -1, shrunk body weight (BW) was recorded and steers were grouped with access to native forage and water. On d 0, an additional body weight was recorded and combined with d -1 values to represent initial body weight (BW; 236 ± 2 kg). Steers were ranked according to initial BW and allocated to 1 of 12 pastures (4-ha pastures; 10 steers/pasture). Pastures were randomly assigned to receive daily supplementation with dried distillers grains at 1% of BW with either: 1) Bacillus subtilis ingredient (BOV; 2 g/steer daily of Bovacillus; Chr Hansen A/S, Horsholm, Denmark), or 2) no additive (CON). Cattle received treatments for the duration of the experiment (d 0 to d 90) while housed in pastures containing stockpiled native forage, primarily Cynodon dactylon and Paspalum dilatatum, as well as free-choice access to water and a commercial mineral + vitamin mix not including ionophores. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) signs were assessed daily throughout the experimental period. Steer unshrunk BW was recorded on d 14, 28, 56, and 90 and shrunk BW recorded on d 91 added 8% shrink as final BW. Blood samples and fecal swabs were collected from all steers on d 0, 14, 28, 56, and 90. Average daily gain (ADG) was increased in BOV groups compared with CON (0.858 and 0.760 kg/d, respectively) from d 56 to d 90 (P = 0.09) although this BW gain was not sufficient to impact final BW. Steer BW did not differ between treatments for all days (P = 0.43). Incidence of BRD was within the expected range for high-risk stocker cattle, although the number of sick animals was not reduced due to BOV supplementation (P = 1.00). Steers not completing the trial due to health-related complications tended to be increased in CON vs. BOV (P = 0.08). Differences in percentage of steers not completing the experiment, in conjunction with treatment effects for ADG in the final third of the experiment, increased the production total BW per BOV pasture by 43% (790 vs. 550 kg BW change; P = 0.02). Bacillus subtilis supplementation was effective in increasing production BWt during a 90-d grazing period despite no observed difference in BRD incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Effects of moderate exercise regimen on reproductive development of replacement beef heifers reared in drylots at a high stocking density.
- Author
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Pickett, Autumn, Cooke, Reinaldo F., Rahmel, Logan W., Mackey, Shea, Drewery, Mason, Cordero, Juan, Mackey, Teegan, Daigle, Courtney L., Martins, Thiago, and Harvey, Kelsey M.
- Subjects
HEIFERS ,WATER withdrawals ,BODY weight ,DENSITY ,PEDOMETERS ,CHILD rearing - Abstract
This experiment evaluated growth and reproductive development of beef heifers reared at a high stocking density and provided with access to an exercise area. The experiment was replicated over 2 yr, with a total of 180 Angus x Brahman heifers. Each year, 90 heifers were ranked by age (264 ± 1 d) and body weight (BW; 200 ± 2 kg) on d 0, and assigned to a) 1 of 6 drylot pens (10 x 14 m pens; 10 heifers/pen) resulting in a stocking density of 14 m²/heifer (DENS), or b) 1 of 3 paddocks (2-ha paddocks; 10 heifers/paddock) resulting in a stocking density of 2,000 m²/heifer (CON). On d 15, 3 DENS pens were randomly selected and given access to an exercise area (DENS-EX) for 1 h three times weekly. Negligible forage was available for CON heifers, whereas all heifers received the same limit fed diet which averaged 13 kg/heifer daily of a corn-based diet. Heifer shrunk BW was recorded after 16 h of feed and water withdrawal on d -3 and 225 for BW gain calculation. Heifer temperament (chute score, exit velocity, and temperament score) were evaluated on d 0 and 225. Heifers were also fitted on d 0 with a pedometer behind their shoulder and an ear tag (CowManager, Select Sires, Plain City, OH) to record behavioral responses. Each week, pedometer results were recorded, and blood samples were collected for puberty evaluation via plasma progesterone. Heifers from CON had more (P < 0.05) steps per week compared with DENS and DENS-EX (23,973, 6,706, and 12,354 steps/week, respectively; SEM = 1,247), and DENS-EX heifers had more (P < 0.05) steps per week compared with DENS. Heifers from CON spent more (P < 0.05) time ruminating and eating compared with DENS and DENS-EX. No treatment effects (P > 0.91) were detected for heifer BW gain (0.820, 0.815, and 0.824 kg/d for CON, DENS, and DENS-EX, respectively; SEM = 0.016). Heifers from DENS had greater (P ≤ 0.05) exit velocity and temperament score on d 225 compared with DENS-EX and CON. Heifers from DENS experienced delayed puberty attainment (treatment x day; P < 0.01) compared with DENS-EX and CON. A greater (P ≤ 0.05) proportion of CON heifers were pubertal by day 105 compared with DENS and DENS-EX (30.0, 11.6, and 15.0%, respectively; SEM = 6.5), whereas a greater (P < 0.05) proportion of CON and DENS-EX heifers were pubertal by d 154 compared with DENS (61.7, 66.7, and 43.3%, respectively; SEM = 6.5). Results from this experiment demonstrate that providing heifers with an exercise area alleviated the negative effects associated with high stocking density on their reproductive development. This work is supported by the USDA-NIFA AFRI program (#2021-67015-34083). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Effects of a moderate exercise regimen on development and puberty attainment of beef heifers reared in drylots at a high stocking density
- Author
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Harvey, Kelsey M, Cooke, Reinaldo F, Pickett, Autumn T, Cordero, Juan, Drewery, Mason E, Rahmel, Logan W, Daigle, Courtney L, Martins, Thiago, and Mackey, Shea J
- Abstract
This experiment evaluated growth, physiological responses, and puberty attainment in beef heifers reared in drylots with a high stocking density, and provided or not with a moderate exercise regimen. A total of 180 heifers (75% Angus × 25% Brahman) were used in this experiment replicated over 2 yr. Each year, 90 heifers were ranked by age (264 ± 1 d) and body weight (BWon day −3; 200 ± 2 kg) on day 0, and assigned to a) one of six drylot pens (10 × 14 m pens; 10 heifers per pen) with a stocking density of 14 m2/heifer (DENS), or b) one of three pastures (2-ha pastures; 10 heifers per pasture) with a stocking density of 2,000 m2/heifer (CON). Beginning on day 15, three DENS pens were given access to an exercise area (DENS-EX) 3 times/wk (1 h). Negligible forage was available for CON, whereas heifers from all treatments received the same limit-fed diet (~13 kg/heifer daily). Shrunk BW was recorded after 16 h of feed and water withdrawal on days −3 and 225 to calculate BW gain. Temperament was evaluated on days 0, 128, and 224. Heifers were fitted with a pedometer behind their shoulder on day 0 to record physical activity. Pedometer results and blood samples were collected weekly for progesterone analysis. Hair samples from the tail switch were collected every 28 d. Data were analyzed with pen or pasture as an experimental unit, via ANOVA using the MIXED or GLIMMIX procedures of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Heifers from CON had more (P< 0.01) steps per week compared with DENS and DENS-EX (23,973, 6,706, and 12,354 steps/wk, respectively; SEM = 1,247), and DENS-EX heifers had more (P< 0.01) steps per week compared with DENS. No treatment effects (P≥ 0.91) were detected for heifer BW gain (~0.820 kg/d). Hair cortisol concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in DENS and DENS-EX compared with CON beginning on day 56. Exit velocity and temperament score were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in DENS compared with DENS-EX and CON on day 224. Puberty attainment was delayed (treatment × day; P< 0.01) in DENS compared with DENS-EX and CON. A greater (P ≤ 0.05) proportion of CON were pubertal by day 105 compared with DENS and DENS-EX (30.0%, 11.6%, and 15.0%, respectively; SEM = 6.5), while a greater (P< 0.05) proportion of CON and DENS-EX were pubertal by day 154 compared to DENS (61.7%, 66.7%, and 43.3%, respectively; SEM = 6.5). Rearing replacement heifers in drylots with high stocking density has detrimental effects on their puberty attainment, and the moderate exercise regimen partially alleviated this negative outcome.Beef heifers reared in drylots with high stocking density experience less physical activity, increased chronic stress responses, and delayed puberty compared with cohorts reared on pasture. Therefore, this experiment evaluated whether a moderate exercise regimen will alleviate stress responses and hasten the reproductive development of beef heifers reared in drylots.Replacement beef heifers are often reared in drylots with high stocking density to facilitate feeding and management, or to intensify beef production as availability of grazing areas becomes limited. Studies from our group, however, demonstrated that drylot heifers experience delayed puberty attainment compared with heifers reared on pastures. This negative outcome was associated with chronic stress caused by confinement and restricted physical activity; the latter being a key animal welfare factor with direct effects on reproductive development. Based on this rationale, this experiment evaluated growth, stress-related physiological responses, and puberty attainment heifers reared in drylots and exposed or not to a moderate exercise regimen. Moreover, drylot heifers were compared to contemporary cohorts being reared on pasture. As expected, heifers reared in drylots experienced heightened stress-related physiological responses and delayed puberty attainment compared to pasture heifers. Exposing drylot heifers to the moderate exercise regimen did not alleviate the physiological consequences of chronic stress, but lessened the delay in puberty attainment compared with non-exercised drylot cohorts. Therefore, stocking density and exercise opportunities should be considered to improve heifer welfare and reproductive development in intensive drylot systems, as lack of exercise directly contributes to delayed reproductive development of drylot heifers.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effects of Moderate Exercise Regimen on Reproductive Development of Replacement Beef Heifers Reared in Drylots at a High Stocking Density.
- Author
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Rahmel, Logan W., Cooke, Reinaldo F., Mackey, Shea, Pickett, Autumn, Colombo, Eduardo, Drewery, Mason, Cordero, Juan, Daigle, Courtney L., and Harvey, Kelsey M. M.
- Subjects
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HEIFERS , *WATER withdrawals , *DENSITY , *BODY weight , *PEDOMETERS , *CHILD rearing - Abstract
This experiment evaluated the physiological and reproductive responses of beef heifers reared at a high stocking density and provided with access to an exercise area. Ninety Angus × Brahman heifers were ranked by age (257 ± 2 days), body weight (BW; 216 ± 2 kg), and temperament score on day 0 and assigned to a) 1 of 6 drylot pens (10x14 m pens; 10 heifers/pen) resulting in a stocking density of 14 m2/heifer (DENS), or b) 1 of 3 paddocks (2-ha paddocks; 10 heifers/paddock) resulting in a stocking density of 2,000 m2/heifer (CON). On day 15, 3 DENS pens were randomly selected and given access to an exercise area (DENS-EX) for 1 hour three times weekly. Negligible forage was available for CON heifers, whereas all heifers received the same limit fed diet which averaged 13 kg/heifer daily of a corn-based diet. Heifer shrunk BW was recorded after 16 h of feed and water withdrawal on days -3 and 225 for average daily gain calculation. On day 0, heifers were fitted with a pedometer behind their shoulder and an ear tag (CowManager, Select Sires, Plain City, OH) to record behavioral responses. Each week, pedometer results were recorded, and blood samples were collected for puberty evaluation via plasma progesterone. Heifers from CON had more (P < 0.05) steps per week compared with DENS and DENS-EX, and DENS-EX heifers had more (P < 0.05) steps per week compared with DENS. Heifers from CON spent more (P < 0.05) time ruminating and eating compared with DENS and DENS-EX. No treatment effects (P = 0.12) were detected for heifer BW gain or temperament variables. Heifers from DENS experienced delayed puberty attainment given a greater (P < 0.05) proportion of CON heifers were pubertal by day 98 compared with DENS and DENS-EX, whereas a greater (P < 0.05) proportion of DENS-EX heifers were pubertal by day 154 compared with DENS heifers (treatment × day interaction, P < 0.01). Collectively, results from this experiment demonstrate that providing heifers reared at a high stocking density access to an exercise area does not result in similar reproductive responses as those reared on pasture at a low stocking density. This work is supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (#2021-67015-34083). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Feeding Behavior of High-Risk Steers Newly Received for Backgrounding.
- Author
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Rahmel, Logan W., D'Souza, Genevieve M., Llarena, Juan C., Durst, Libby S., Karisch, Brandi B., Daigle, Courtney L., Russel, Jason R., and Harvey, Kelsey M.
- Subjects
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FEEDLOTS , *HEALTH of cattle , *ANIMAL feeds , *ANIMAL health , *BODY weight , *CALVES , *STANDARD deviations - Abstract
There is a need to understand the feeding behavior ontogeny of newly received high-risk steers. Understanding how calves learn to eat out of a bunk will facilitate the implementation of management practices that expedite this process and allow animal managers to exploit this information to monitor individual animal health. To address this knowledge gap, the feeding behavior of high-risk steers that were received for backgrounding was quantified and characterized using electronic feedbunks in this context. To create this paradigm, crossbred steers (n = 20) were purchased in two groups (Group: n = 64 steers; Group 2: n = 56 steers) from a local auction market, transported 800 km to the Prairie Research Unit in Prairie, MS, and immediately weighed (shrunk body weight, BW). Steers were purchased according to research unit space availability. Therefore, purchases occurred 133 days apart. The subsequent day, steers were ranked by shrunk BW (227 ±.3 kg) and allocated to 1 of 8 drylot pens (n = 8 steers/pen) with two GrowSafe automated feeding systems per pen. Steers were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum for a 28-day period and steer BW was recorded on d 0, 2, 6, 10, 13, 21 and 28. Daily feeding behavior [e.g., meal duration (sec), intake (g/d), meal frequency (count/d), bunk visit frequency (count/d), head down duration (sec), maximum non-feeding interval (NFI, s), ratio of head down duration to bunk visit duration)] were calculated using Meal Criterion Calculation Software. The impact of time on feeding behavior and performance was analyzed using a mixed linear model (PROC MIXED). To determine when steers had established consistent dry matter intake (DMI), consistency was defined as when the DMI of a steer remained within one standard deviation of the 7-day average DMI of the steer. Latency to first bunk attendance (d), first feed consumption, attainment of NEm requirement, and latency (d) to establish consistent feed intake levels were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model (PROC GLIMMIX) for binomial data. Steer BW increased across days (P < 0.01), whereas average daily gain was.48 ± 0.4 kg/d. All feeding behaviors changed across days (P < 0.01). Meal and bunk visit (duration and frequency), meal intake (mean and sum), head down duration, and maximum NFI increased over time. All steers visited the bunk and consumed their first meal by day 4 (P < 0.01). All steers achieved NEm requirements by day11 (P < 0.01). These results quantify the acclimation period of steers to a new environment and characterizes the learning and development of novel modes of eating. These results inform the development of behavioral expectations for newly received high-risk calves that can be used to monitor cattle health, understand cattle perception, and promote cattle welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Validation of a Portable, Self-Contained Individual Feeding Unit for Monitoring Supplement Intake of Grazing Cattle.
- Author
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Cordero Llarena, Juan F., Harvey, Kelsey M., Durst, Libby S., Rahmel, Logan W., Russell, Jason R., and Cooke, Reinaldo F.
- Subjects
GRAZING ,CATTLE ,CATTLE feeding & feeds ,IDENTIFICATION of animals ,VIDEO recording ,VIDEO production & direction - Abstract
This experiment aimed to validate feed intake and bunk attendance data collected from a portable, self-contained feeding unit (SmartFeed; C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD) by comparing estimates collected electronically (electronic observations; EO) with direct observations and video recording (direct observations; DO). To validate individual animal intake, 30 cows were allowed access to 3 portable units (2 feeding bins/unit) for 6 hours. Feed in each bin was removed and weighed in an external scale at the end of each cow visit. To validate total feed disappearance, 75 cows were assigned to 1 of 3 pastures equipped with a portable unit. Feed disappearance over 24 h was assessed manually over 21 consecutive days using an external scale. Ten cows per pasture were randomly selected and identified to facilitate collection of video observational data. Two trained observers recorded animal identification and start and end times for a visit (n = 480 minutes/day; 3 days). When regressing the EO and DO results within individual cow visit, a linear fit was detected (P < 0.01; r2 = 0.95). Methods were very strongly correlated (r = 0.91) when all visits were analyzed but decreased to strong (r = 0.78) when DO intake was = 0.1 kg. When regressing the EO and DO results for total feed disappearance, a linear fit was detected (P < 0.01; r² = 0.97) as DO total feed disappearance increased the EO output linearly increased. For observational data, Cohen's kappa coefficient for agreement between DO and EO was considered strong (0.96). The sensitivity of EO in yielding true positive results was 97%, whereas specificity in yielding true negative results was 99%. These results indicate the portable, self-contained feeding units utilized herein are sufficiently effective for detecting cow presence at a bunk and measurement of feed consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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