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Introduction: Fractures of the proximal tibial and distal femur epiphysis rare. It has been estimated that fractures of the upper tibial and distal femur epiphysis account for 0.5-3.1% of all epiphyseal injuries. Who had no neurovascular decit, with xed extension deformity at the left knee was treated early with closed reduction techniques. We present a case of a adolscent child who develops injury while playing. The patient p Case Series: resented in emergency room with extremely swollen knee and soft tissue swelling (hemarthrosis), he was unable to lift his leg actively due to severe pain because of hamstrings spasm, and he had no wound over his left knee and had no other associated injuries. Plain radiographs were taken which revealed, separated proximal tibial and distal femur epiphysis (salter harris Type 1 injury) The epiphysis was anteriorly displaced fracture line extending beyond growth plate through metaphysis and tibial tuberosity also displaced anteriorly, no patellar fracture, radiograph also revealed no intra-articular fracture as joint appears congruent. Under spinal anesthesia, under all aseptic precautions traction was applied for few minutes, the fracture was reduced closed as the hamstring spasm gave way, reduction was conrmed under image intensier in both AP and lateral planes, and joint congruity was examined. Post-operative patient was immobilized with nil weight bearing for 4 weeks, check X-rays taken, he was mobilized in wheelchair. After 4 weeks slab was removed, K-wires were removed, and partial weight bearing was started with rehabilitation for full range of motion of the left knee. At 6 weeks, both the knee joints appeared symmetrical with no abnormalities or limb length discrepancy or instability with knee from 0° to 140°, with full weight bearing. Although Conclusion: less commonly seen, Salter-Harris Type 1 injuries to proximal tibial and dista femur physis, if managed early with closed reduction and xation, excellent long-term results can be achieved

Introduction: Frozen shoulder is condition in which there is pain and disability of shoulder joint mostly due to contraction of rotator interval capsular ligaments. Hydrodilation is procedure to dilate the contracted capsule using normal saline and local anaesthetic agent while corticosteroid therapy depicts injection of Triamcelone acetate into joint capsule to reduce inflammation and adhesions thereby reducing pain and disability.Objective: Objective of study is to compare effects of Hydrodilatation versus corticosteroids alone in intra articular shoulder joint on mobility of joint and pain in primary idiopathic frozen shoulder.Materials and Methods: 50 patients were taken in our study out of which Maximum patients are in the age group of 40-50 years i.e., 20 patients (40%) followed by 50-60 year age group i.e., 19 patients (38%), There are 31 (62%) male and 19 (38%) females in our study, Right side is more Commonly involved 33 (66%) and left side involved in 17 (34%) patients, In Corticosteroids group, at Presentation mean abduction was 21% which was improved to 61%, external rotation in neutral position was 18% which improved to 89%, external rotation in abduction was 20% which improved to 83%, In Hydrodilatation group, at Presentation mean abduction was 20% which was improved to 60%, external rotation in neutral position was 18% which improved to 86%, external rotation in abduction was 22% which improved to 82%, Average SPADI and ASES score not showing any significant difference in outcome at 1 year follow up between Hydrodilatation and corticosteroids group of patients.Conclusion: In this study, we investigated treatment effects in patients with adhesive capsulitis treated with either intra articular corticosteroid or with hydrodilatation procedure. Shoulder of the dominant hand (right side) is more commonly involved. No significant difference in the outcome as assessed with SPADI and ASES was found between both groups at 1 month, 6 month and 1 year follow up. In both groups there was significant improvement in range of motion & pain.

Electronic waste or e-waste is one of the rapidly growing problems of the world. It comprises waste electronics/electrical goods that are not t for their originally intended use or have reached their end of life. This may include items such as computers, servers, mainframes, monitors, CDs, printers, scanners, copiers, calculator, fax machine, transceivers. Discarded TVs, medical apparatus and electronic components white goods such as refrigerators and air conditioners contain valuable materials such as copper, silver, gold and platinum which could be processed for their recovery. The study utilised an evaluative research approach with conceptual frame work based on Ludwing Von Bertenlantffy general system model 1968. The population comprised of electronic workers engaged in the selected shops in Bhopal (MP). A self-structured questionnaire regarding knowledge on Electronic Waste Management was developed for data collection by the investigators. The nding indicated that the Electronic workers lack knowledge regarding Electronic Waste Management. Knowledge level of Electronic worker was associated with demographic variables like occupation. The study has implications for nursing practice, nursing education and nursing administration.

The presence of a chalcogen atom at the ortho-position of phenols enhances their radical chain-breaking activity. Here, a copper(I)-catalyzed reaction of 2,6-dibromo- and 2,6-diiodophenols with diorganodiselenides has been studied for the introduction of two organoselenium substituents at both ortho-positions of the phenolic radical chain-breaking antioxidants, which afforded 2,6-diorganoseleno-substituted phenols in 80-92% yields having electron-donating CH3 , and electron-withdrawing CN and CHO functionalities. Additionally, 2,6-diiodophenols with electron-withdrawing CHO and CN groups also afforded novel 5,5'-selenobis(4-hydroxy-3-(phenylselanyl)benzaldehyde) and 5,5'-selenobis(4-hydroxy-3-(phenylselanyl)benzonitrile) consisting of three selenium and two phenolic moieties along with 2,6-diorganoseleno-substituted phenols has been synthesized. The electron-withdrawing CHO group has been reduced by sodium borohydride to the electron-donating alcohol CH2 OH group, which is desirable for efficient radical quenching activity of phenols. The developed copper-catalyzed reaction conditions enable the installation of two-arylselenium group ortho to phenolic radical chain-breaking antioxidants, which may not be possible by conventional organolithium-bromine exchange methods due to the sluggish reactivity of trianions (dicarba and phenoxide anion), which are generated by the reaction of organolithium with 2,6-dibromophenols, with diorganodiselenides. The antioxidant activities of the synthesized bis and tris selenophenols have been accessed by DPPH, thiol peroxides, and singlet oxygen quenching assay. The radical quenching antioxidant activity has been studied for the synthesized compounds by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The bis-selenophenols show comparable radical deactivating activity, while tris seleno-bisphenols show higher radical deactivating activity than α-tocopherol. Furthermore, the tris seleno-bisphenol shows comparable peroxide decomposing activity with ebselen molecules.

The overall performance and efficiency of any structure depend on the connections that join their components; as such they constitute the most critical component. This is particularly true for hybrid structures, where joining of components, either between Fibre-Reinforced-Polymers (FRPs) and/or to other materials is mostly achieved by the means of mechanical fasteners or, less commonly, adhesively bonding. Since these two joining methods come from radically different backgrounds, the resulting design procedures are almost incompatible. This paper aims to hand practitioners a unified dimensioning procedure for the two most frequent fastening methods in FRP structures, i.e. bolted and adhesively bonded joints. Relatively simple double-lap joints connecting flat FRP lamellas and complex joints between FRP tubes and lamellas connected by the means of aluminium brackets were experimentally tested. The joints were numerically investigated using three dimensional finite element analyses coupled to a probabilistic post-processing routine for strength prediction, which subsequently was validated against the experimental data. Good agreement between experimental and predicted strength was achieved, which validates the design process and allows generalising for dimensioning of the bolted and bonded joints in FRP structures. The presented approach opens the door for the practical design of a wide variety of joints encountered in FRP structures, thus overcoming a major problem limiting the widespread of composite construction.