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The intrusion of the maxillary first molar is indicated when occlusal clearance is needed for prosthetic rehabilitation. Maxillary molar intrusion may be undertaken using skeletal anchorage systems to avoid complicated mechanics delivered by conventional intra-oral fixed appliances. In the present case report, the efficient use of orthodontic miniscrew anchorage by applying simple mechanics for true maxillary first molar intrusion is described. This was followed by the rehabilitation of the mandibular first molar spaces with implant prostheses. A 16-year-old female patient had masticatory difficulty due to the bilateral overeruption of the maxillary first molars and carious mandibular first molars. True intrusion of each maxillary first molar was achieved using zygomatic and palatal paramedian miniscrews placed in line with the central axis of the teeth. Simultaneously, alignment of the upper arch was achieved via fixed appliance therapy. Using two orthodontic miniscrews to intrude each maxillary molar, orthodontic treatment was simplified by eliminating the need for miniplate placement by extensive surgery and the creation of intra-oral multiunit anchorage. Masticatory efficiency was improved by increasing the occlusal table with prosthetic rehabilitation of the mandibular first molar spaces with dental implant prostheses.

Objective: The study was conducted to analyze the stress distribution and displacement due to three different vertical positions of the mini-implant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) appliance. Methods: A three-dimensional finite element meshed model was created of the maxillofacial complex with the help of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM) data of a patient with transverse maxillary deficiency using materialise interactive medical image control system (MIMICS) software. Three different groups with varying expander heights were used to study the expansion effects on the maxillofacial structures. von Mises stress and displacement at various skeletal and dental points were evaluated using ANSYS software. Results: In the midpalatal suture, the posterolateral portion of the hard palate and the maxillary and pterygoid bones showed the greatest amount of stress distribution and displacement pattern. Group 1 showed the maximum amount of transverse displacement compared to groups 2 and 3. Sagittally, all the teeth had a forward displacement. Vertically, groups 2 and 3 showed clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane, while all teeth showed downward displacement in group 1. Conclusion: In conclusion, a V-shaped expansion in the maxilla with a superior and posterior vertex was noted. Group 1, that is, appliance placed in close approximation to the palate, showed greater displacement compared to groups 2 and 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the relevant scientific literature to determine the association between different serum biomarker levels and radiographic skeletal maturity indicators. A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Science Direct and Opengrey.eu up to November 2021 and 7466 records were retrieved via the electronic search. Study selection, data extraction and subsequent risk of bias assessment (RoB) was carried out independently by two authors. In case of any discrepancy, a third author was consulted. After the exclusion of duplicates and the application of inclusion exclusion criteria, 19 studies (published in 25 articles) were included in the systematic review out of which 17 had a cross-sectional and two had a cohort study design. For the meta-analysis, based on the homogeneity, five cross-sectional studies measuring serum IGF-1 levels were incorporated. The meta-analysis revealed that the serum IGF-1 levels peak at the CS4 stage (401.77 ng/mL [333.50 – 470.05]) in the pooled group. However, in the subgroup analysis, it was found that the serum IGF-1 levels peak at CS3 in girls (422.82 ng/mL [377.46–468.18]) and CS4 in boys (487.04 ng/mL [391.83–582.25]). Among the various biomarkers evaluated, serum IGF-1 was the most associated with different stages of radiographic skeletal maturity indicators with its levels peaking at CS3 in girls and CS4 in boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crouzon syndrome is one of the most common craniosynostosis facial syndromes caused by a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene. Less commonly, there is a mutation of the FGFR3 gene which results in Crouzon syndrome syndrome with acanthosis nigricans. It involves the premature fusion of sutures of the cranial vault, base, orbital and maxillary region. The clinical presentation of this congenital deformity depends on the pattern and timing of sutural fusion. The present report describes the features and management of this syndrome in an 18-year-old woman. The patient presented with a hypoplastic maxilla, deficient midface, exorbitism due to shallow orbits, severe crowding and bilateral crossbite. A multidisciplinary approach involving orthodontics and surgical intervention with distraction osteogenesis brought about marked improvement in the facial profile, occlusion and upper airway. The aesthetics and function were greatly enhanced, and the results were found to be stable at the end of three years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]