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India's dependence on a climate sensitive sector like agriculture makes it highly vulnerable to its impacts. However, agriculture is highly heterogeneous across the country owing to regional disparities in exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It is essential to know and quantify the possible impacts of changes in climate on crop yield for successful agricultural management and planning at a local scale. The Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 2-Earth System (HadGEM-ES) was employed to generate regional climate projections for the study area using the Regional Climate Model (RCM) RegCM4.4. The dynamics in potential impacts at the sub-district level were evaluated using the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 (RCPs). The aim of this study was to simulate the crop yield under a plausible change in climate for the coastal areas of South India through the end of this century. The crop simulation model, the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) 4.5, was used to understand the plausible impacts on the major crop yields of rice, groundnuts, and sugarcane under the RCP 4.5 trajectory. The findings reveal that under the RCP 4.5 scenario there will be decreases in the major C3 and C4 crop yields in the study area. This would affect not only the local food security, but the livelihood security as well. This necessitates timely planning to achieve sustainable crop productivity and livelihood security. On the other hand, this situation warrants appropriate adaptations and policy intervention at the sub-district level for achieving sustainable crop productivity in the future.

This study introduces WirelessGridBoost, an innovative framework designed to revolutionize real-time fault detection in wireless electrical grids by harnessing the power of the LightGBM machine learning algorithm. Traditional fault detection systems in electrical grids often face challenges such as latency and scalability due to the intricate nature of grid operations and limitations in communication infrastructure. To overcome these challenges, WirelessGridBoost integrates LightGBM, a highly efficient gradient boosting decision tree algorithm, with wireless technology to facilitate advanced fault detection capabilities. Trained on historical sensor data, the LightGBM model demonstrates exceptional proficiency in discerning complex fault patterns inherent in electrical grid operations. Deployed across strategically positioned wireless nodes within the grid, WirelessGridBoost enables prompt identification of anomalies in real-time. Extensive simulations and experiments conducted on a real-world grid testbed validate the effectiveness of WirelessGridBoost, achieving a fault detection accuracy of 96.80% and reducing latency by 38% compared to conventional methods. This research presents a promising avenue for enhancing fault detection efficiency in wireless electrical grids through the innovative WirelessGridBoost framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latex, a milky fluid contains proteins, alkaloids and other metabolites, normally exuded at the time of injury. The color of the latex differs from plants to plants where the color are white, yellow, orange etc. These latexes have enormous application in medicine and industries. In this review, various of sources of latexes and its chemical composition are described. Its role in defence and their applications in the field of medicine, nanotechnology is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, parts consisting of spines, rind, seed coat and seed were sundried. The rind, seed coat and seed were powdered and subjected to ethanol extraction and subjected for characterization using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Anti-bacterial and Anti-fungal activity tests by well diffusion method in agar plates were performed. The powdered samples and spines were subjected to fiber extraction and subjected for FTIR analysis, and lignocellulosic content. Fibers from spines and powdered samples were used for removal of crystal violet and chromium in adsorption study. Rind has antimicrobial properties against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. Seed has antibacterial property against E. coli. Fibers of spine, rind, seed coating and seed all showed highest content of lignin and showed some adsorbent property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]