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Among the extensive array of studies relating Witkin's construct of psychological differentiation to many psychological functions and variables, none seem to have adequately tested its relationship to creativity, although these two variables have personality traits and developmental characteristics in common and require similar skills for effective performance. Eighty-five male high school students were separated according to Embedded Figures Test, and the extreme groups tested for creativity by eight factorially pure tests developed by Guilford, and by Schaefer and Anastasi's Biographical Inventory. Statistical procedures included analysis of covariance, analysis of variance, and a matrix of intercorrelations. With intelligence controlled, field-independent persons performed significantly better than field-dependent persons on measures of visualization, spontaneous flexibility, adaptive flexibility, and creativity in mathematics and science but not significantly better on the other six creativity tests.

Questionnaire returns for 225 homosexual and 233 heterosexual adult women revealed 115 cases of rape or attempted rape. Data from 78 follow-up questionnaires are summarized. About the same proportion of lesbians and heterosexuals, age 16 or over, were the object of rape. The lesbians tended to reject all men as sexual partners or companions, while the heterosexuals tended to blame themselves for not being careful. Some of the heterosexual women, age 16 to 18, interpreted the rape as a compliment to their sexual attractiveness. Girls under 16 whose assailant was a stranger are, as adults, as frequently homosexual as heterosexual. Sixteen of the 17 girls, age 4 to 16, molested or seduced (6 for a long time) by a relative or close family friend are lesbians as adults. The subjects' attitudes about the incient were highly determined by parental reactions. Inferences are drawn about the rapists' attitudes toward women.

(1943). World Crisis and the Changing Policies of Peace and Patriotic Societies. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 133-152.

This article is intended to serve as an introduction to the concept of the marriage contract, which has proved to be a useful clinical tool for clarification and treatment of troubled marriages. Transactional as well as intrapsychic factors are important aspects of marital dynamics. The contract concept employs both these behavioral parameters and facilitates therapeutic intervention at both levels.

(1939). Emotional Stability and Political Opinions as Related to Age and Income. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 577-590.

This paper describes a program of group therapy aimed at grappling with the core problem of most blacks in this society—loss of self-identification and lack of projection of a productively healthy existence. The black experience is seen as being akin to that of a control group in a laboratory experiment; implications of decontrolling a control group in the even more rigidly defined setting of a therapeutic community are explored.

(1942). The Psychological Bases for Permanent Peace. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 297-334.

(1967). Overview of Outcome Studies in Group Psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 196-210.

Data from 217 Lesbians and 231 non-Lesbians, displaying birth order among male and female siblings, reveal proportionately more Lesbians who are “only” or first-born of two siblings or who are fifth, sixth, or seventh in such large families; and fewer Lesbians among third child of three-sibling families.

MARRIAGES, rather than being made in heaven, appear to have their roots in more earthy dynamisms—in complex interactions of congruent, reciprocal, and correlative needs, in sociopsychologic attractions and barriers. The marital state is the most complex and possibly the least understood of all human relationships. The expectation that two people will be able to maintain a close and loving relationship through the varied stages of each individual's development, through the internal stresses produced by emotional and physical changes, through the external pressures of economic and other forces, is the most difficult and important demand that man has made of himself. The intimate nature of the marital relationship presupposes that changes in one partner will bring about changes in the other. What then is the effect on the marital state when one or both partners undergo psychoanalytic treatment? What is the probability that psychoanalysis with its focus