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6. Characterization Techniques

Author

Hernández Hernández, Marla Berenice, García-Ramírez, Mario Alberto, Dan, Yaping, Aguilar-Martínez, Josué A., Krishnan, Bindu, Shaji, Sadasivan, Pech-Canul, Martin I., editor, and Ravindra, Nuggehalli M., editor

Published
2019
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7. A differential sex-specific pattern of IgG2 and IgG4 subclasses of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) induced by glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients

Author

Avila, Sandra, Guerrero-García, José de Jesús, Becerril-Villanueva, Enrique, Pérez-Sánchez, Gilberto, Pavón, Lenin, Rojas-Mayorquín, Argelia E., Mireles-Ramírez, Mario Alberto, Muñoz-Valle, José Francisco, Vallejo-Castillo, Luis, Medina-Rivero, Emilio, Ortuño-Sahagún, Daniel, and Pérez-Tapia, Sonia Mayra

Published
2019
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8. Suspended gate silicon nanodot memory

Author

Garcia Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Mizuta, Hiroshi, and Tsuchiya, Yoshishige

Subjects
004.5, QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
Abstract

The non-volatile memory market has been driven by Flash memory since its invention more than three decades ago. Today, this non-volatile memory is used in a wide variety of devices and systems from pen drives, mp3 players to cars, planes and satellites. However,the conventional floating gate memory technology in use for flash memory is facing a serious scalability issue, the tunnel oxide thickness cannot be reduced to less than 7nm as pointed out in the latest international technology roadmap for semiconductors (ITRS2010) [1]. The limit imposed on the tunnel oxide layer reduces the programming and erasing times, the scalability and endurance among other parameters. To overcome those inherent issues, this research is focused on the co-integration of nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) with metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology in order to generate a new non-volatile and high speed memory. The memory device that we are proposing is a high-speed non-volatile memory structure called the Suspended Gate Silicon Nanodot Memory (SGSNM) cell. This non-volatile memory device features a MOSFET as a readout element, a silicon nanodot (SiNDs) monolayer as the floating gate and a movable suspended control gate isolated from the floating gate by an oxide layer and by an air-gap. The fundamental component in this novel device is the introduction of a doubly-clamped beam as a movable control gate, in which through this element, the programming and erasing operations take place. To understand the behaviour of the doubly-clamped beam structure, it is analysed by using analytical models such as the doubly-plate capacitor model and also by using two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) finite element method (FEM) analysis. The programming and erasing operations within the SGSNM occur when the suspended control gate is in contact with the tunnel oxide layer. This is the point at which the quantum-mechanical tunnelling mechanism (Fowler-Nordheim) takes place. Through this mechanism, the electrons are allowed to tunnel from the suspended control gate into the memory node and vice versa as a function of the applied voltage (bias). The tunnelling process is numerically analysed by implementing the Tsu-Esaki equation and the transfer matrix method within a homemade program which calculates the current density as a function of the tunnel oxide material and thickness. Both the suspended control gate and tunnelling process are implemented as analog behavioural models within the SGSNM cell that is simulated by using a commercial circuit simulator. From a transient analysis of the suspended control gate, it was found that the suspended control gate takes 0.8 nsec in pull-in on the tunnel oxide layer for a 1 μm-long doubly-clamped structure. In contrast, the time that the memory node takes in charge and discharge is 1.7 nsec. Hence, the programming and erasing times are a combination between the mechanical pull-in and the charging time, which is 2.5 nsec due the fact that to both operations are symmetrical. Moreover, the suspended control gate was successfully fabricated and suspended. This process was performed by depositing a thin layer of aluminium (500 nm) over the sacrificial layer (poly-Si) by using an e-beam evaporator, which was patterned with doubly-clamped beam features through the photolithographic process. By using a combination of wet and dry etching processes, the aluminium and the sacrificial layer were successfully removed without affecting the substrate (Si-based) or the suspended control gate beam. In addition, Capacitance - Voltage measurements were performed on a set of doubly-clamped beams from which the pull-in effect was successfully obtained. Finally, the footprints for the memory device fabrication process were developed and sketched within the document as well as the design of three photomasks.

Published
2011

9. Informe técnico. Caso de estudio: Casa Radical 'Ricardo Balbín' : Auditoría del funcionamiento higrotérmico de un edificio patrimonial de la época fundacional del Casco Urbano y su adaptabilidad a las reformas pertinentes para la arquitectura sustentable. Situación de verano

Author

Basualdo, Julián, Fernández, Matías, Acosta, Josefina, Gualtier, Pedro, Dittler, Candela, Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Cioccolanti, Delfina, and Czajkowski, Jorge Daniel

Subjects
Eficiencia energética, Edificios, Unión Cívica Radical, Auditoria energética, Patrimonio cultural, Arquitectura
Abstract

En marzo 2023 se realizó la auditoria edilicia de confort higrotérmico de la Casa Radical “Ricardo Balbín” con instrumental de medición para tal fin, captura de imágenes termográficas, medición del consumo de energía y una simulación de consumo energético en la situación original y con la aplicación de recomendaciones de reformas de diseño pasivo para lograr un confort con el menor consumo de energía posible. Se toma en cuenta que el edificio, en la situación original, no se encuentra en confort y, en sintonía, no tiene un consumo de energía considerable. Y las recomendaciones de reformas se plantean con el respeto al patrimonio del edificio construido a fines del siglo XIX. Los resultados de la simulación con las reformas son prometedores, viéndose una reducción del 54,65% de la energía requerida para climatizar el edificio en el verano en la situación actual tras realizarle las reformas recomendadas. Laboratorio de Arquitectura y Hábitat Sustentable

Published
2023

12. Medical System to Evaluate the Seventh Cranial Nerve through the Main Facial Mimic Muscles

Author

Garcia-Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Martinez Angeles, Wendy Liliana, Gonz√°lez-Reynoso, Orfil, and Carbajal Arizaga, Gregorio Guadalupe

Subjects
Medical
Abstract

Facial palsy is one of the most frequent mononeuropathies expressed in muscular weakness. The condition is produced by lesions in the seventh cranial nerve that causes esthetic, functional, and psychosocial alterations. The disorder has a qualitative diagnosis, and as a consequence, it does hinder the disease timely monitoring. As time is a key factor for the patient’s recovery, we developed a system capable to quantify the condition and/or damage in the seventh cranial nerve. It allows us to provide the best treatment available that offers the best response to each patient. To know the seventh cranial nerve state is possible due to the connections between whole muscular system and neurons. The system quantifies the muscles activity and displays the differential information of both hemifaces. Our proposal features a mask in which an array of sensors is placed across the frontal, zygomatic minor, risorio, zygomatic major muscles of each hemiface. The data collected are analyzed and displayed in a user-friendly interface.

Published
2022

13. Gait analysis using the physics toolbox app

Author

Garcia-Barrientos, Abel, primary, Balderas-Navarro, Raul, additional, Macias-Velazquez, Sharon, additional, Hoyo-Montano, Jose Antonio, additional, Garcia-Ramirez, Mario Alberto, additional, Blanco, Daniel Espejel, additional, and Plaza-Castillo, Jairo, additional

Published
2022
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25. Pasturas estivales en el sur de Corrientes

Author

Barbera, Pablo, Benitez, Julio Cesar, Pizzio, Rafael Mario, Maidana, Carlos Emilio, Escalante, Maria Susana, Bendersky, Diego, Mc Lean, Guillermo Donald, Tamborelli, Melina Rut, Ramirez, Ramon Ricardo, Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Maidana, Carlos Eduardo, Zapata, Patricio Jose, Fernandez, Juan Ramon, Beccaria, Mauricio Daniel, and Preisz, Victor Hernan

Subjects
Grazing, Verano, Pastures, Manejo de Praderas, Summer, Pastoreo, Biomasa, Biomass, Pastizales, Grassland Management, Corrientes, Argentina
Abstract

Este libro se basa en una experiencia de validación a campo, surgida de la iniciativa de un productor miembro del grupo CREA Curuzú Cuatiá. La idea fue generar información de pasturas, para solucionar una problemática forrajera del sistema productivo. Para ello, se decide trabajar en conjunto con INTA y de esta forma dar el mayor rigor posible a las mediciones, de manera de valorizar el esfuerzo realizado. EEA Mercedes Fil: Barbera, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Benitez, Julio Cesar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Pizzio, Rafael Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Maidana, Carlos Emilio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Escalante, María Susana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Bendersky, Diego. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Mc Lean, Guillermo Donald. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Tamborelli, Melina Rut. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Ramírez, Ricardo Ramón. Actividad privada; Argentina Fil: Ramirez, Ramón Ricardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Ramirez, Mario Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Maidana, Carlos Eduardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Zapata, Patricio José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Fernandez, Juan Ramón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes); Argentina Fil: Beccaria, Mauricio Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes). Agencia De Extensión Rural Curuzú Cuatiá; Argentina Fil: Preisz, Victor Hernan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes (Corrientes). Agencia De Extensión Rural Curuzú Cuatiá; Argentina

Published
2020

28. The technology of laser fabrication of cell 3D scaffolds based on proteins and carbon nanoparticles

Author

Yurevich Gerasimenko, Alexander, primary, Zhurbina, Natalia, primary, Kurilova, Ulyana, primary, Polokhin, Aleksandr, primary, Ryabkin, Dmitry, primary, Savelyev, Mikhail, primary, Ichkitidze, Levan, primary, Podgaetsky, Vitaliy, primary, Suetina, Irina, primary, Mezentseva, Marina, primary, Ignatov, Dmitry, primary, Garcia-Ramirez, Mario Alberto, primary, and Guzman Gonzalez, Jose Valentin, primary

Published
2018
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29. MODELAGENS 2D E 3D PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE REATIVAÇÃO DE FALHAS GEOLOGICAS EM CAMPOS DE HIDROCARBONETO

Author

Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Quispe, Roberto Quevedo, and Roehl, Deane

Abstract

Reservatórios de petróleo e gás estruturalmente compartimentados por falhas geológicas selantes são encontrados em diversas regiões do mundo. Durante a fase de produção, a integridade do selo destas falhas pode ser comprometida pelas deformações decorrentes dos processos de depleção e/ou injeção de fluidos. Estas deformações, em conjunto com as propriedades físicas e geométricas das rochas e falhas presentes, podem alterar significativamente o estado de tensão fazendo com que uma falha reative e se torne hidraulicamente condutora. A esse fenômeno estão associados riscos de exsudação, perda de integridade de poços e outros potencias problemas geomecânicos. Na literatura, diversas modelagens numéricas têm sido utilizadas a fim de caracterizar e prever os fenômenos de reativação e/ou abertura de falhas geológicas. A maior parte destas abordagens faz uso de modelos bidimensionais considerando seções críticas na hipótese de estado plano de deformação. Essas simplificações são adotadas a fim de evitar a complexidade geométrica e o alto custo computacional de uma modelagem tridimensional. No entanto, a configuração tridimensional dos planos de falha pode induzir a reativação em direção a zonas mais críticas do que aquelas contidas numa única seção. Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma metodologia para análise de reativação de falhas geológicas e discute-se a importância do uso dos modelos 3D na previsão do comportamento geomecânico de reservatórios compartimentados por falhas geológicas. Simulações numéricas considerando modelos 2D e 3D foram realizadas através de um simulador in-house baseado no método dos elementos finitos. Para a representação do meio continuo foram utilizados elementos quadrilaterais para o caso 2D, e elementos hexaédricos para o caso 3D. Para a representação das falhas geológicas foram utilizados elementos de interface de espessura nula segundo o critério de ruptura de Mohr-Coulomb. Da comparação dos resultados, constatam-se situações em que as análises 2D forneceram previsões de reativação e de abertura distintas daquelas obtidas com análises 3D. Particularmente em modelos com geometria irregular confirma-se a importância do emprego de modelo 3D.Keywords: Reativação de falhas, Elementos de interface, Elementos finitos

Published
2017

31. Suspended Gate Silicon Nanodot Memory

Author

Garcia Ramirez, Mario Alberto. and Garcia Ramirez, Mario Alberto.

Abstract

The non-volatile memory market has been driven by Flash memory since its invention more than three decades ago. Today, this non-volatile memory is used in a wide variety of devices and systems from pen drives, mp3 players to cars, planes and satellites. However,the conventional floating gate memory technology in use for flash memory is facing a serious scalability issue, the tunnel oxide thickness cannot be reduced to less than 7nm as pointed out in the latest international technology roadmap for semiconductors (ITRS2010) [1]. The limit imposed on the tunnel oxide layer reduces the programming and erasing times, the scalability and endurance among other parameters. To overcome those inherent issues, this research is focused on the co-integration of nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) with metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology in order to generate a new non-volatile and high speed memory. The memory device that we are proposing is a high-speed non-volatile memory structure called the Suspended Gate Silicon Nanodot Memory (SGSNM) cell. This non-volatile memory device features a MOSFET as a readout element, a silicon nanodot (SiNDs) monolayer as the floating gate and a movable suspended control gate isolated from the floating gate by an oxide layer and by an air-gap. The fundamental component in this novel device is the introduction of a doubly-clamped beam as a movable control gate, in which through this element, the programming and erasing operations take place. To understand the behaviour of the doubly-clamped beam structure, it is analysed by using analytical models such as the doubly-plate capacitor model and also by using two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) finite element method (FEM) analysis. The programming and erasing operations within the SGSNM occur when the suspended control gate is in contact with the tunnel oxide layer. This is the point at which the quantum-mechanical tunnelling mechanism (Fowler-Nordheim) takes place. Through this mechanism

Published
2011

32. Estudio clínico y radiográfico de EMDOGAIN y sulfato férrico en pulpotomías de dientes primarios de perros.

Author

Gómez Porras, Gabriela Ariana, Maldonado Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Lazcano Velazquez, Maria Dolores, Castillo Leyva, Dolores, Isassi Hernández, Hilda, and Quesada Castillo, Jorge Alberto

Abstract

The aim of study was comparative the succefull clinic and radiographic of two materials used for pulpotomy for primary teeth of dog. The study was comparative to one month to utility one tissues regenerate (EMDOGAIN) and one Hemostatic (FERRIC SULFATE) in pulpotomy in primary molars of dog, one third dog was used how control. The pulpotomy with tissues regenerate show best results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013

34. Interference Pattern Representation on the Complex s-Plane

Author

Guillen Bonilla, José Trinidad, Vega Gómez, Gustavo Adolfo, Garcia-Ramirez, Mario Alberto, Rodríguez-Betancourtt, Verónica María, Martínez-Silva, Martin Javier, Ruiz-Palacios, María Susana, Guillén-Bonilla, Héctor, and Guillén-Bonilla, Alex

Subjects
Computers / Information Technology
Abstract

In this work, the normalized interference pattern produced by a coherence interferometer system was represented as a complex function. The Laplace transform was applied for the transformation. Poles and zeros were determined from this complex function, and then, its pole-zero map and its Bode diagram were proposed. Both graphical representations were implemented numerically. From our numerical results, pole location and zero location depend on the optical path difference (OPD), while the Bode diagram gives us information about the OPD parameter. Based on the results obtained from the graphical representations, the coherence interferometer systems, the low-coherence interferometer systems, the interferometric sensing systems, and the fiber optic sensors can be analyze on the complex s-plane.

Published
2020

35. Multivisceral resection for colonic splenic flexure malakoplakia: a case report of a minimally invasive approach.

Author

Díaz ARL, Pezet SG, González OS, Trueba MG, Alonso IAM, and Ramirez MAL

Abstract

Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous inflammatory disorder. Its diagnosis depends on histopathological findings; however, high-quality literature regarding proper medical/surgical treatment is lacking. A 38-year-old diabetic female patient was admitted to the emergency room with a history of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Colonoscopy revealed a lesion in the descending colon, and abdominal computed tomography revealed a splenic flexure mass involving the lower pole of the spleen and upper pole of the left kidney. Biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of malakoplakia. After completing antibiotic treatment, a restaging computed tomography revealed a discrete mass increase; hence, the patient underwent laparoscopic en bloc colectomy and partial nephrectomy. Postoperatively, the patient developed a pancreatic fistula, which was successfully treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics. The presence of pathognomonic Michaelis-Gutmann inclusions on histopathology is frequently reported as the key to diagnosing malakoplakia. Herein, we present a successful, minimally invasive surgical treatment for colonic malakoplakia.

Published
2023
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