Search

In the work the articulation of the activities of collaboration is presented, of the scientific community, in the evaluation of the possibilities of production of biodiesel of phlegm of cane of sugar under the conditions of several industrial facilities in a territory with support of modern methods of analysis and evaluation of alternative technological. In the study the results are included obtained in the one climbed at level of Plant Pilot of the biodiesel productions by means of the technology developed by a work group in collaboration with another group interested in the introduction of this technology. Thanks to the multidisciplinary international collaboration, they are considered the economic indicators of the location of an installation in each source of phlegm and finally before having not been acceptable in some macrolocalizaciones the possibility of two industrial facilities is evaluated, to which you/they pay several sources of solid residuals. Conclusions: by means of the collaboration of the scientific community, it is feasible to evaluate the possibilities of production of biodiesel of phlegm of cane of sugar under the conditions of the industry of the cane of sugar with several industrial facilities in a territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raw wax possesses 60% of material non saponificable and inside this are 72.1% of alcohols, while the fatty fraction has 23% of material non saponificable, then yes the objective is the extraction of these alcohols that you/they are in the part insaponificable it is feasible to carry out the extraction of the same ones directly of the wax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work is directed to the production of a renewable biocombustible: Biodiesel, starting off of the wax present in a residue of the sugar industry, using commercial naphtha for the extraction of the wax, and superfine ethanol like transesterificant agent. A bibliographical research was realized to select the variant of more feasible production, as well as the raw materials to carry out the process, where the wax, the ethanol and the sodium etoxide catalyst, were the most attractive variants. The possibility was valued of realizing the extraction with in two stages with cross current, being from this an increase of the wax production and the yields by liter of solvent. The methodology was determined to carry out the reaction of transesterification using ethanol with a purity of 96ºGL and relations of feeding to the Discontinue Reactor with Agitation, of 3,5 and 15 mol of ethanol/mol of wax, being from this last soap formation during the reaction. Besides the obtaining of Biodiesel, as coproduct were obtained the Fatty Acid Alcohol (AAPM). The conversion of the wax was acceptable (73%), and the difference with the reported values, must to the water presence in the ethanol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper a technical analysis - the economics of the possibilities of production of Biodiesel on an industrial scale in the honey Company "Heriberto Duquesne" is made. The essential part of this article consists of the sizing of the equipment for the plant of obtaining of Biodiesel, from the residual sludge that contributes this honey Company. In addition three variants are analyzed from the technological point of view to carry out this process. For the last variant the calculation of the optimal number of equipment considers to obtain the reliability of the process, aspect that guarantees the continuity of the same one. Finally an analysis is made previously from the economic point of view of the different treated variants, which demonstrates that the third variant is most feasible as much from the technological point of view like economic. An analysis to sensitivity for the variation of the price of the byproduct is made in addition that demonstrates that the selected variant is feasible for prices greater than 6,26 $/Kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article treats on the decoloration of the wax It endures of cane by physical path employing as adsorbent in fixed bed, the activated coal It is determined experimentally the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax endures, fusion point, viscosity, color and shine rather and after is decolorized the waxpropie. It is unrolled an intervening experimental design a factorial plan 2 k, defining as operation variables in the decoloration process by physical path, the alcohol relation/wax and the height of the adsorbent bed of, as variable answer the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax once decolorized, saponification index, viscosity, shine, color and fusion The experimental results are indicted statistically in each case, the adequate mathematical models that define the dependence of the process variables of in the physical modifications chemistries of the wax after be this decolorized, moreover the better operation conditions as result of the optimization of the mathematical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article treats on the discoloration of the hard wax it endures of cane by physical path employing as absorbent in fixed bed natural small bentonite activated. It is determined experimentally the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax endures, fusion point, viscosity, color and shine rather and after is decolorized the waxlas. The present article treats on the decoloration of the wax It endures of cane by physical path employing as adsorbent in fixed bed natural small bentonite activated. It is determined experimentally the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax endures, fusion point, viscosity, color and shine rather and after is decolorized the waxlas. It is unrolled an intervening experimental design a factorial plan 2k, defining as operation variables in the decoloration process by physical path, the particle diameter, the alcohol relation/wax and the height of the adsorbent bed of, as variable answer the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax once decolorized, saponification index, viscosity, shine, color and fusion pointiante.The experimental results are indicted statisticly in each case, the adequate mathematical models that define the dependence of the process variables of in the physical modifications chemistries of the wax after be this decolorized, moreover the better operation conditions as result of the optimization of the mathematical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article treats on the decoloration of the wax It endures of cane by physical path employing as adsorbent in fixed bed technical small bentonita without activate It is determined experimentally the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax endures, fusion point, viscosity, color and shine rather and after is decolorized the wax. K It is unrolled an intervening experimental design a factorial plan 2K, defining as operation variables in the decoloration process by physical path, the particle diameter, the alcohol relation/wax and the height of the adsorbent bed of, @teniéndose@ as variable answer the physical ownership-chemistries of the wax once decolorized, saponification index, viscosity, shine, color and fusion point 2K. The experimental results are indicted statistically in each case, the adequate mathematical models that define the dependence of the process variables of in the physical modifications chemistries of the wax after be this decolorized, moreover the better operation conditions as result of the optimization of the mathematical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article has possessions as objectify fundamental, the selection and calculation of the necessary equipments for the unrolling, in a superior It escalates, of the decoloration process of the wax endures of cane with sodium hypochlorite in be at the middle acid, from onward the information that offer the attained mathematical models as result of taste laboratory of the process in a minor escalates carried out in work previous.(5) It is carried out the evaluation of the decoloration process of of the wax endures in a volume of 2 litres, from onward the data that are attain after optimize the mathematical models that are determined in work previous and posteriorly It is escalated the process until a volume of 15 litres, selecting and calculating the equipments for this capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work it is applied the soap fraction obtained as by-products in the extraction process from sterols as emulsificant agent in the wax-water emulsion formulation, furthermore, these emulsions are used to substitute the paraffin emulsion in the process of manufacture of bagasse boards. They were effected several experimental runs to evaluate the influence of the wax per cent in the emulsion on the expansion per cent in water of the boards, parameter established by the Cuban procedures to evaluate the quality of the bagasse boards; furthermore they were determined other properties having all satisfactory results and demonstrating the feasibility of the substitution of the paraffin (high price in the international market) by the cane wax (national raw material). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work the soaps fraction obtained as by-products in the extraction process from sterols are applied as an emulsification agent in the formulation of wax-water emulsions. Besides, these emulsions are used to substitute the paraffin emulsion in the manufacture of bagasse checkerboards. Several sets of experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the influence of the wax percent in the emulsion over the expansion percent of the checkerboards in water-parameter established by the Cuban procedures to evaluate the quality of the bagasse checkerboards. Other properties showing satisfactory results and demonstrating the feasibility of the substitution of the paraffin (high price in the international market) by the cane wax (national by-product) were determined as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a methodology for the obtaining of unsaponificable matter starting from the sugar cane filter cake, in the one that only ethanol 96 °GL is used as solvent. The wax is extracted of the mud with ethanol (with a purity of 96 °GL) by means of a leaching out process using a mud/ethanol ratio of 0.05 kg/L to 70 °C, atmospheric pressure, agitation speed of 700 rpm and extraction time of 2,5 hours. Under these conditions 86.21 % of extraction is obtained. Then, the obtained extract reacts with alcoholic NaOH to 70 °C during 75 minutes to atmospheric pressure and shaking to 200 rpm. The employment of the proposed methodology allows to obtain 1.942 g of impure unsaponifiable matter starting from 50 g of mud and 1.05 L of ethanol 96 °GL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvent's temperature exerts influence on the solute solubility in the extraction process. For that reason we studied the variations of the extraction percentages of crude wax using heptane as a solvent at different temperatures. It was demonstrated that this industrial cracking process can't be done in this way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la tecnología más factible para la producción de materia insaponificable a partir de la cachaza a través de un análisis de factibilidad técnica y económica de las tecnologías propuestas; para ello se caracterizan los procesos, se realiza el balance de materiales para dimensionar el equipamiento tecnológico principal de ambas alternativas y se calculan los parámetros e indicadores económicos siguiendo la metodología establecida por Peters (Peters, 1990) en Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers. En el desarrollo del trabajo se utilizan los softwares Microsoft "Excel para realizar los balance de materiales y los cálculos asociados al análisis económico y el programa Hysys v. 3.2 en la confección de los diagramas de flujo tecnológico. El análisis económico realizado muestra que la tecnología de saponificación reporta una ganancia 32 veces mayor que la de transesterificación con un tiempo de recuperación de la inversión de 0.5 años el cual es mucho menor que el de la transesterificación de 3.8 años. Los valores del VAN y el TIR para la tecnología de saponificación son de $4 369 075.00 y de 458% respectivamente muy superiores a los de la transesterificación de $189 593.67 y 47%. Estos resultados demuestran que la tecnología de saponificación es la alternativa más factible económicamente para el procesamiento de la cera de la cachaza. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the primary design of an experimental plant dedicated to the biodiesel obtaining in the work they think about some methodological approaches. For it, we leave of the conventional procedure for the design of pilot plants prototypes and the conception used in projects of having primary scaling up. The work approaches some ideas of how, leaving alone of experiences to laboratory scale, a conceptual strategic outline can be sketched for the development of the plants-pilots preliminary. For the constructive development of a plant-pilot of biofuel, general budgets must consider, such as the diversity, the complexity and the constructive flexibility. However, the design sequence and their structural and operative complexity must satisfy so much the demands of the scientific, as those of the operatives that will make them work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strategy is developed for the technology assimilation, through the formulation of investigation projects, for the development of New Technologies of biofuels obtaining, for that which the Technological monitoring was used as support tool to the formulation of Projects. The above-mentioned allows prevent the limitations of the existent technologies, as well as the possibilities to use new raw matters for Biofuels in the Ibero-American context. As a result of the study it was obtained that the future in the development of these products heads to an economy based on the bioproducts, economy based on the biotechnology and that it uses renewable matters to obtain products and energy, as well as the formulation of 7 strategic projects for the biofuels obtaining in the Ibero-American context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of the influence of several fundamental parameters like residuals humidity, temperature, time and the solvent-feeding relationship for the crude wax extraction process from residuals as a result of the production of cane sugar is carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]