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Providing advice to others is an important component of wisdom. We conducted a study to test the hypothesis that the Default Mode Network (DMN) is associated with wisdom when advising from a self-referential perspective. This is due to the involvement of the DMN in reflecting on personal life experiences. Altogether, 52 healthy Chinese adults provided advice on various life dilemmas using a second- or third-person perspective after receiving a resting-state functional MRI scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was measured in regions of the DMN and the whole brain during resting states. Moreover, trained raters rated the participants' advice on three wisdom subcomponents (i.e., metacognitive humility (MH), meta-level flexibility, and perspective-taking). The results showed that participants felt a significantly smaller psychological distance from the second- than the third-person perspective when advising protagonists on life dilemmas. Relatedly, the rostral ACC was significantly more associated with MH when advising from the second-person perspective, while the dorsal ACC was more associated with MH from the third-person perspective. The precuneus and calcarine showed significantly greater association with perspective-taking from the second- than the third-person perspective. Therefore, wise advising from distinct perspectives and psychological distances may be differentiated in the brain.

As one of the promising solutions for conveying high-bandwidth and low-latency services such as 5G, optical access networks face severe security challenges due to their tree-based topology and broadcast characteristics in downstream transmission. Even though physical-layer security mechanisms leverage the advantages of flexible implementation, low complexity, and full information confidentiality, these security enhancement schemes based on digital signal processing techniques are limited by the electrical bottleneck, leading to low processing speed for encryption and incapability of effectively detecting network attacks. In this article, we first discuss the potential security threats and present several existing solutions against security threats in optical access networks from the perspective of the medium access control and physical layers. We then elaborate novel optical-layer solutions based on optical signal processing techniques including all-optical encryption, optical layer authentication, and optical domain intrusion detection mechanisms. In particular, numerical simulation results have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solutions. Finally, we conclude this article and propose future challenges of security enhancement of optical access networks supporting 5G and beyond.

Advice-giving is an important way to share life experiences and promote wisdom in society. We hypothesized that resting-state Default Mode Network (DMN) activity should be associated with increased wisdom when advising from a self-related perspective due to the DMN's involvement in reflection of personal life experiences. In our study, 52 participants provided advice on various life dilemmas using either a second- or third-person perspective after receiving a resting-state functional MRI scan. The results showed that participants felt significantly smaller psychological distance from advising protagonists on life dilemmas from the second- than the third-person perspective. Additionally, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in regions of the DMN (e.g., prefrontal cortex) was significantly correlated with metacognitive humility when advising from the second- but not the third-person perspective. Taken together, resting-state DMN activity may contribute to wise advising from a second-person perspective but not a third-person perspective, which involves greater self-distancing.

Ethnopharmacological relevance The traditional Chinese medicine Sanweidoukou decoction (DK-3) was a classical formula for the treatment of nervous system diseases, recorded in the Chinese medical classic Sibu Yidian. Aim of the study The present study is aim to investigate the neuroprotective effects of DK-3 on β-amyloid (Aβ) protein -induced AD-like pathologies and underlying molecular mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo studies. Materials and methods Hydrolysates of DK-3 were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS. In vitro, MTT was utilized to examine effects of DK-3 on Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. In vivo, male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with Aβ25-35 to induce AD-like pathologies and behavioral evaluations were conducted via Morris water maze (MWM) test. Histopathological changes were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) straining. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the tau hyperphosphorylation at Thr181 site. The expression levels of tau hyperphosphorylation, inflammation-related cytokines such as COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, the phosphorylated state of various mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling molecules (p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK) and activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in vitro and in vivo were assessed via Western blot. Results In vitro, DK-3 dose-dependently increased cell viability of PC12 cells induced by Aβ25-35. In vivo, DK-3 improved learning and memory abilities of Aβ25-35-induced AD-like rats. Moreover, DK-3 reversed hyperphosphorylation of tau and reduced the production of inflammation-related cytokines through significantly inhibited MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways both in vitro and in vivo studies. Conclusion The present study suggested that the traditional Chinese medicine DK-3 may play a role in preventing and treating AD by reducing the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and the expressions of inflammation-related cytokines via modulating the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.

The paper analysis the existing onboard ship system, shore-based system and the infrastructure of navigation and communication, and introduces the framework of e-Navigation system, based on which, the ship pilot system was developed. Multi-resolution remote-sensing image, geographical spatial data such as IHO-S57 international standards electronic chart, and AIS, 3G, real-time current observation technology are applied on the Pilot System, which-improve the efficiency of pilot dispatch and enhance the safety of ship operation.

Most pilot organizations exposed to AIS are in favor of its deployment and they have the strong endorsement of “the widespread use of AIS employing Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and on-board transponder technologies (Wi-Fi). Such technologies would provide the basis for navigation support services in pilotage areas. This paper analyzes the practice of pilot operation, takes research on empirical cases to explore an AIS Wi-Fi Device (AWD), which can be hooked to AIS transponder through its pilot plug. AWD will be able to transfer the AIS data via a wireless LAN that has excellent range performance.

Accurately locating microseismic events can be used to monitor fluid migration during reservoir production and hydrofracturing operations. This is usually done with sparse networks of seismic sensors located in boreholes or with denser surface arrays. The data used for microearthquake monitoring are corrupted by noise, which reduces the signal-to-noise ratio to values as low as 0.1. Monitoring methods based on traveltime picking of various wave modes (P or S) cannot deal with this level of noise and require extensive user interaction. An alternative class of methods uses time reversal to focus microearthquake information at the source position. These methods can handle noisier signals because they do not rely on event picking or recorded seismograms, but the methods are also costlier to run and still require picking locations where wavefields focus. We advocate the time-reversal technique within the general framework of Bayesian inversion. Given an assumption about the possible locations of microearthquakes, we use recorded data to evaluate the feasibilityof microearthquakes occurring at various locations in the earth. The method takes into account imaging imperfections caused by unknown components of the model or acquisition array aperture. We simulate wavefields corresponding to possible sources distributed in the model and evaluate their match with the wavefield reconstructed from the synthetic data recorded in the model. In this regard, the method operates like a pattern-recognition procedure and can exploit a wide variety of techniques designed for this purpose. We use simple crosscorrelation between simulated and reconstructed wavefields to take advantage of the speed and robustness of this technique. The wavefields reconstructed at various locations are used over time to scan the wavefield constructed from field data. Thus, our method can identify not only the position of the microearthquakes but also their origin times as well as the orientations of the fault planes characterizing the seismic sources. Maps of probability are the final outcome of this automated process, indicating the confidence of microearthquake occurrence at various positions and times.

The world economy is becoming increasingly global and more technology-based. From 1999, RFID becomes popular and more and more retailers, banks, etc. apply the new technology to their products or services, operation and management; as well, some logistics providers, such as Schenker, test RFID for shuttle service. The biggest limitation of RFID's widespread is the cost of RFID, both tag and reader. However, RFID's advantages are also very obviously, which calls for the analysis of its application to Exhibition Logistics. The commodities or goods for an exhibition usually are high value and require strict supervision, safely and securely. With continuous improvement in technologies and transportation measurements, even the distribution of goods and services is taken on new meaning. This paper discusses how RFID employed in Exhibition Logistics and calls for applying RFID on worldwide Exhibition Logistics as soon as possible. The significant affect would help logistics enterprises to change accordingly, getting more effective and globally competitive.

This thesis researches on the application of computer, modern communication, GIS, GPS, AIS and World-Wide-Web in the field of navigation-aids information system, and has realized an integrated system consisted of navigation-aids information GIS platform, navigation-aids monitoring system and navigation-aids information distribution system. This system has strong integration capability, and has realized navigation-aids information distribution based on WEBGIS at the first time. It strongly promotes navigation-aids daily management and maintenance, and this system provides technique guarantee for ships and marine departments to acquire navigation-aids information in time, by rule and line expediently.