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Aim: This study was aimed to understand the physiological performance characteristics of cross- country runners and differences in performance variables between sexes.Methods: Twelve male and ten female cross-country runners performed a Maximal Oxygen Consumption test, Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Ultrasound measurements of their lower limb.Results: Males had significantly higher value levels of VO2Peak (73.3±7.5 vs 62.3±4.7 ml/kg/min), Ventilation (159.0±16.3 vs 120.8±12.5 L/min), Lactate Threshold (318±13.8 vs 259±7.8 m/sec), and Lean Mass (55.5±7.32 vs 42.34±3.81 kg). Females had higher values for Echo Intensity, Body Fat Percentage (7.42±2.60 vs 14.71±2.77 %) and Body Fat (4.76±1.94 vs 7.71±1.70 kg). All other variables were similar between male and female cross-country runners.Conclusion: The difference in physiological characteristics between males and females may help explain why males have more favorable performance outcomes.