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Background: While B‐cells have historically been implicated in allergy development, a growing body of evidence supports their role in atopic dermatitis (AD). B‐cell differentiation across ages in AD, and its relation to disease severity scores, has not been well defined. Objective: To compare the frequency of B‐cell subsets in blood of 0–5, 6–11, 12–17, and ≥18 years old patients with AD versus age‐matched controls. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to measure B‐cell subset frequencies in the blood of 27 infants, 17 children, 11 adolescents, and 31 adults with moderate‐to‐severe AD and age‐matched controls. IgD/CD27 and CD24/CD38 core gating systems and an 11‐color flow cytometry panel were used to determine frequencies of circulating B‐cell subsets. Serum total and allergen‐specific IgE (sIgEs) levels were measured using ImmunoCAP®. Results: Adolescents with AD had lower frequencies of major B‐cells subsets (p <.03). CD23 expression increased with age and was higher in AD compared to controls across all age groups (p <.04). In AD patients, multiple positive correlations were observed between IL‐17‐producing T‐cells and B‐cell subsets, most significantly non‐switched memory (NSM) B‐cells (r =.41, p =.0005). AD severity positively correlated with a list of B‐cell subsets (p <.05). IL‐9 levels gradually increased during childhood, reaching a peak in adolescence, paralleling allergen sensitization, particularly in severe AD. Principal component analysis of the aggregated environmental sIgE data showed that while controls across all ages tightly clustered together, adolescents with AD demonstrated distinct clustering patterns relative to controls. Conclusions: Multiple correlations between B‐cells and T‐cells, as well as disease severity measures, suggest a complex interplay of immune pathways in AD. Unique B‐cell signature during adolescence, with concurrent allergen sensitization and IL‐9 surge, point to a potentially wider window of opportunity to implement interventions that may prevent the progression of the atopic march. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rosacea is a common inflammatory condition characterized by transient or persistent facial erythema, telangiectasias, papules and pustules, for which an association has been reported to exist with Parkinson's disease (PD). We used a large, urban, single center, electronic medical record repository by searching the Northwestern Medicine Enterprise Data Warehouse (NMEDW) (> 4 million patients) for this association. Patients were included if they had an in-person encounter (Jan 2001 to May 2016) and with 1 year documentation of follow-up. Of these, all patients diagnosed with rosacea (ICD-9 codes: 372.31; 695.3, ICD-10 codes: L71.8; L71.9) and with a subsequent diagnosis of PD (ICD-9 code: 332; ICD-10 code: G20) were selected. Data on age, gender, race and tetracycline class therapy were collected. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) was obtained by using logistic regression analysis. A total of 815,210 patients were detected. 18,066 were diagnosed with rosacea, of whom 51 were subsequently diagnosed with PD (mean age: 74.5 years, range 53-89). A significant association between rosacea and PD was detectable after adjusting for age, gender, race and tetracycline class therapy (OR =1.7; 95%CI 1.27-2.22; p

The article focuses on the prevalence of vitiligo and the increasing reliance of the vitiligo community on online sources for diet-related information. It study aims to summarize diet suggestions from frequently visited websites regarding vitiligo symptoms, revealing limited scientific evidence supporting these recommendations and emphasizing the need for controlled clinical trials to assess the accuracy of online dietary advice for vitiligo.

Background: Skin biopsies promote our understanding of atopic dermatitis/AD pathomechanisms in infants/toddlers with early‐onset AD, but are not feasible in pediatric populations. Tape strips are an emerging, minimally invasive alternative, but global transcriptomic profiling in early pediatric AD is lacking. We aimed to provide global lesional and nonlesional skin profiles of infants/toddlers with recent‐onset, moderate‐to‐severe AD using tape strips. Methods: Sixteen tape strips were collected for RNA‐seq profiling from 19 infants/toddlers (<5 years old; lesional and nonlesional) with early‐onset moderate‐to‐severe AD (≤6 months) and 17 healthy controls. Results: We identified 1829 differentially expressed genes/DEGs in lesional AD and 662 DEGs in nonlesional AD, vs healthy skin (fold‐change ≥2, FDR <0.05), with 100% sample recovery. Both lesional and nonlesional skin showed significant dysregulations of Th2 (CCL17 and IL4R) and Th22/Th17 (IL36G, CCL20, and S100As)‐related genes, largely lacking significant Th1‐skewing. Significant down‐regulation of terminal differentiation (FLG and FLG2), lipid synthesis/metabolism (ELOVL3 and FA2H), and tight junction (CLDN8) genes were primarily seen in lesional AD. Significant negative correlations were identified between Th2 measures and epidermal barrier gene‐subsets and individual genes (FLG with IL‐4R and CCL17; r < −0.4, P <.05). Significant correlations were also identified between clinical measures (body surface area/BSA, pruritus ADQ, and transepidermal water loss/TEWL) with immune and barrier mRNAs in lesional and/or nonlesional AD (FLG/FLG2 with TEWL; r < −0.4, P <.05). Conclusion: RNA‐seq profiling using tape strips in early‐onset pediatric AD captures immune and barrier alterations in both lesional and nonlesional skin. Tape strips provide insight into disease pathomechanisms and cutaneous disease activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitiligo is characterized by progressive loss of skin pigmentation. The search for aetiologic factors has led to the biochemical, the neurologic and the autoimmune theory. The convergence theory was then proposed several years ago to incorporate existing theories of vitiligo development into a single overview of vitiligo aetiology. The viewpoint that vitiligo is not caused only by predisposing mutations, or only by melanocytes responding to chemical/radiation exposure, or only by hyperreactive T cells, but rather results from a combination of aetiologic factors that impact melanocyte viability, has certainly stood the test of time. New findings have since informed the description of progressive depigmentation. Understanding the relative importance of such aetiologic factors combined with a careful selection of the most targetable pathways will continue to drive the next phase in vitiligo research: the development of effective therapeutics. In that arena, it is likewise important to acknowledge that pathways affected in some patients may not be altered in others. Taken together, the convergence theory continues to provide a comprehensive viewpoint of vitiligo aetiology. The theory serves to intertwine aetiologic pathways and will help to define pathways amenable to disease intervention in individual patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Objectives: We assessed the real-world performance of the ANNE Sleep system against 2 Food and Drug Administration-cleared home sleep testing platforms and the intraindividual night-to-night variability of respiratory event index measured by ANNE Sleep., Methods: We evaluated the home performance of the ANNE Sleep system compared with 2 Food and Drug Administration-cleared home sleep testing platforms (WatchPAT: n = 29 and Alice NightOne: n = 46) during a synchronous night with unsupervised patient application. Additionally, we evaluated night-to-night variability of respiratory event index and total sleep time using the ANNE Sleep system (n = 30)., Results: For the diagnosis of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea, the ANNE Sleep system had a positive percent agreement of 58% (95% confidence interval, 28-85%) and a negative percent agreement of 100% (95% confidence interval, 80-100%) compared to WatchPAT. The positive and negative percent agreement for ANNE Sleep vs Alice NightOne was 85% (95% confidence interval, 66-96%) and 95% (95% confidence interval, 74-100%). There were no differences in mean total sleep time or respiratory event index across multiple nights of monitoring with ANNE. There were no differences consistent with a first-night effect but testing multiple nights reclassified obstructive sleep apnea severity in 5 (17%) individuals and detected 3 additional cases of moderate disease, with only a 12% (standard deviation, 28%) mean fluctuation in respiratory event index from the first night of testing compared to a mean of multiple nights. Overall, 80% of users found ANNE comfortable and easy to use., Conclusions: ANNE Sleep exhibited stronger concordance with Alice NightOne compared to WatchPAT. While we illustrated low night-to-night variability for ANNE Sleep, the results suggest multiple nights increased detection of moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea., Clinical Trial Registration: Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: ANNE Diagnostic Agreement With Home Sleep Testing; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05421754; Identifier: NCT05421754., Citation: Walter J, Lee JY, Blake S, et al. A new wearable diagnostic home sleep testing platform: comparison with available systems and benefits of multinight assessments. J Clin Sleep Med . 2023;19(5):865-872., (© 2023 American Academy of Sleep Medicine.)