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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in CAD and its risk factors are highly conflicting. Hence, the current study was aimed to determine the relationship of VDD to cardiovascular risk factors among diabetics with established CAD. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 diabetic patients with established CAD, aged between 35 to 65 years of both sex. Serum lipid profile (enzymatic assay), HbA1c (High-pressure liquid chromatography), and 25 hydroxyvitamin D [Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA)] were estimated in the automated instrument. Study participants were categorized based on the vitamin D status as vitamin D sufficient (>30 ng/mL), insufficient (21-29 ng/mL), and deficient (< 20 ng/mL). Results: Among the 130 study participants, only 20.7% had sufficient vitamin D and the remaining 35.4% and 43.1% were vitamin D insufficient and deficient respectively. There was a significant increase in HbA1c (p-0.001), TC (p-0.031), LDL (p0.014), TC/HDL (p-0.013), and non-HDL (p-0.017) in the VDD group in comparison with the sufficient group. A significant negative correlation of HbA1c was found with vitamin D with an r-value of - 0.277 and p-value of 0.002. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in HbA1c, TC, LDL, TC/HDL, and non-HDL in the vitamin D deficient group compared to those with vitamin D insufficient and sufficient and a significant negative correlation of vitamin D with HbA1c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Obesity is one of the modifiable risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications viz. coronary artery disease (CAD). Scientific evidence indicates a stronger association of angiographic severity with obesity. This study aimed to compare the association of different anthropometric measurements with angiographic severity among diabetic patients with CAD and evaluate its usefulness. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 78 consecutive diabetic patients who underwent coronary angiography for suspected or known CAD of both sex aged between 35 and 65 years, with significant angiographic findings of >50% diameter stenosis. Grouping was done based on body mass index (BMI): Group I - 18 to 24.9 kg/m2 and group II - = 25 kg/m2. WC (waist circumference) > 90 cm in males and > 80 cm in females was considered as abnormal (central obesity). The anthropometric measurements included height, weight, BMI, WC, and visceral adiposity index. The Gensini scoring system was used for the assessment of the severity of CAD. Results: Among the 78 patients 57 (73%) and 21(27%) were males and females, respectively. Forty-three percent of the patients had (n=33) high BMI = 25 kg/m2 but 69.2% had abnormal WC. Gensini score was 34.9 SE 4.5640 and 36.09 SE 5.77 among group I and group II, respectively. We found a statistically significant association of WC with the number of vessels involved (P = 0.019). Conclusion: There was a significant positive association of WC with the number of vessels involved among diabetic patients with CAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]