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Primary defects in two or more ectodermally-derived tissues during embryonic development characterize ectodermal dysplasia, a vast, varied group of inherited illnesses. Skin, hair, nails, eccrine glands, and teeth are the primary tissues affected. Most cases of ectodermal dysplasia are caused by the X-linked recessive form of the disease (also known as Christ–Siemens–Touraine syndrome), which is passed down from female carriers to their male offspring. It is characterized by an absence of sweat glands (hypohidrosis or anhidrosis), malformed teeth (anodontia or hypodontia), and scant hair (atrichosis or hypotrichosis). Lack of teeth and unusual look were cited as major causes for alarm. The usual manifestations of hypohidrotic hereditary ectodermal dysplasia have been described in two case reports. Two identical siblings with possible typically X-linked recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia are described here. Despite the lack of a cure, patients can benefit from a multidisciplinary approach to treatment planning and an expedient diagnosis.

The Internet of Things (IoT) will soon penetrate every aspect of human life. Several threats and vulnerabilities are present due to the different devices and protocols used in an IoT system. Conventional cryptographic primitives or algorithms cannot run efficiently and are unsuitable for resource-constrained devices in IoT. Hence, a recently developed area of cryptography, known as lightweight cryptography, has been introduced, and over the years, numerous lightweight algorithms have been suggested. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the lightweight cryptography field and considers various popular lightweight cryptographic algorithms proposed and evaluated over the past years for analysis. Different taxonomies of the algorithms and other associated concepts were also provided, which helps new researchers gain a quick overview of the field. Finally, a set of 11 selected ultra-lightweight algorithms are analyzed based on the software implementations, and their evaluation is carried out using different metrics.

Christine K Kim,1,2 Steven Carter,2,3 Cinthia Kim,2 Tara Shooshani,1,2 Urmi Mehta,2,4 Kailey Marshall,2 Ryan G Smith,1,2,5 Alexander Knezevic,2,6– 8 Kavita Rao,1,2 Olivia L Lee,2 Marjan Farid2 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; 2Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; 3Miramar Eye Specialists Medical Group, Ventura, CA, 93003, USA; 4St John’s Episcopal Hospital, Far Rockaway, NY, 11691, USA; 5Pacific Eye Institute, Upland, CA 91786, USA; 6Macy Eye Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; 7Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; 8Jules Stein Eye Institute at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USACorrespondence: Christine K Kim, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA, Tel +1 818 279 5029, Email chriskk4@hs.uci.eduPurpose: To elucidate risk factors for meibomian gland disease (MGD) and understand associated changes in meibography and in relation to ocular surface disease.Patients and Methods: As part of the standard workup for ocular surface disease at a tertiary academic center, 203 patients received an ocular history and lifestyle questionnaire. The questionnaire included detailed inquiries about ocular health and lifestyle, including makeup use, cosmetic eyelid procedures, screen time, and contact lens habits. Subjects also took the standardized patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) II questionnaire. Meibomian gland (MG) dropout and structural changes were evaluated on meibography and scored by three independent graders using meiboscores. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify significant risk factors associated with MG loss.Results: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 189 patients (378 eyes) with high-quality images for grading, and the average age was 67 years (77% female). Patients older than 45 years had significantly more dropout than younger patients (p < 0.01). Self-reported eye makeup use did not significantly impact MG loss. Patients with a history of blepharoplasty trended toward higher meiboscores, but the difference was not statistically significant. Self-reported screen time did not affect meiboscores. Contact lens use over 20 years was associated with significant MG loss (p < 0.05). SPEED II scores had no relationship to meiboscores (p = 0.75).Conclusion: Older age is a significant risk factor for MG loss. Any contact lens use over 20 years also impacted MG dropout. Highlighting the incongruence of symptoms to signs, SPEED II scores showed no relationship to the structural integrity of MGs.Keywords: dry eye, meibomian gland dropout, meiboscore, ocular surface disease

Promoting construction, enhancing safety and multiple functions of IoT. Since the beginning of Fourth Industrial Revolution, digitalization becomes a fundamental function of all the construction project and bring all the project to a brand new practical and efficient world. IoT (Internet of Things), which refers to a large network of connected sensors and devices capable of autonomously exchanging and analysing data in real-time, belongs to a major facilitator of this function. To have an idea of the importance of this technology in the construction field, one must think about it as an instrument to decrease labour cost, reduce project repair time, and save material cost by automating and networking process. Among these could be automated assessment of a construction site to alert about hazards that might affect workers’ lives. IoT alarms and delivered insights reduce risks and keep the working place of the construction workers safe. Overall, it is claimed in the paper that IoT has a significant number of applications in the construction sector- starting from the project management to the quality testing of work. These are just some of the applications of IoT and as the field evolves, more benefits and value-added services would be seen arising. In this regard, IoT will also have a key role in communication and coordination between many stakeholders involved, hence creating collaboration and cooperation for a healthy conductive environment with openness among all. Its integration with latest technologies like digitization of data, data analytics, AI, facilitate predictive maintenance decisions and end up making less mistakes. Although there is a huge potential for IoT to develop in the construction industry, so far, it is not utilised in a large scale. There are some limitations to be reduced like the cybersecurity, interoperability, and workforce readiness among others that need to be addressed or enhanced in due time. Industry participants must join hands to overcome these issues. It would be an understatement to say that IoT has the ability to completely revolutionize the construction industry. In article it illustrates how the Internet of Things is transforming the building sector and offers guidance on how interested parties can take advantage of this technology to raise project sustainability, output, and safety. By adopting innovation and digitization, those involved in the construction industry can take advantage of new moves for efficacy and efficiency in systems performance.

Mingyan Jiang,&ast; Yong Xue,&ast; Jianchun Li, Kairui Rao, Shili Yan, Hongmei Li, Xuanqin Chen, Rongtao Li, Dan Liu Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Rongtao Li; Dan Liu Tel +86 871 65920657Email rongtaolikm@163.com ; liudankm512@163.comPurpose: Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. has important medicinal value in the treatment of ulcers, tumors, inflammation, chronic respiratory troubles, and so on. Although many ingredients with anti-inflammatory activity have been discovered and isolated from the Euphorbia neriifolia, the current research still cannot explain its multivariate effects on the immune response. This article aims to introduce two Ingenane-type diterpenoids from Euphorbia neriifolia with macrophage regulatory effects and to investigate the mechanism of their action.Methods: The stem bark of E. neriifolia was extracted with various separation methods to obtain ingenane-type diterpenoids. The RAW264.7 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) to establish an inflammatory cell model. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay. The secretion of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was tested with ELISA. The levels of iNOS, COX-2, IκBα, JNK, ERK, p38, p-IκBα, p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38 in cells were detected by Western blotting. The translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/p65 subunit were evaluated by Immunofluorescence staining.Results: Ingenane-type diterpenoids, eurifoloid A (Euri A) and a new compound euphorneroid E (Euph E), were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of E. neriifolia stem bark extracts. Euph E and Euri A exhibited significant inhibition on the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS on LPS-induced macrophage RAW264.7. Cellular signaling pathway studies showed that they prevented the degradation of IκBα and the translocation of NF-κB/p65 subunit. Furthermore, the production of PGE2, TNFα, and COX-2 was dramatically increased under the influence of the compounds, which were closely related to the phosphorylation of protein kinase C δ (PKCδ) and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathway.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that Euph E and Euri A exhibited multidirectional regulation on cytokines and immune function of macrophages, in addition to a good anti-inflammatory activity, and which was closely related to the regulation of PKCδ/MAPKs and NF-κB signal pathways.Graphical abstract: Keywords: euphorneroid E, eurifoloid A, ingenane-type diterpenoids, Euphorbia neriifolia, M-macrophage, immunoregulation

Ahmed W Moawad,1 Khaled M Elsayes,1 Farah Benamar,1 Kundan Rao,1 Jia Sun,2 Janio Szklaruk1 1Department of Abdominal Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USACorrespondence: Janio SzklarukDepartment of Abdominal Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Unit 1473, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USATel +1 (713) 745-3230Fax +1 (832) 750-1633Email JSzklaru@mdanderson.orgPurpose: To evaluate the value of follow-up chest CT in the surveillance of HCC patients.Background: Imaging guidelines for the surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients recommend multiple follow-up computed tomography (CT) examinations of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Imaging studies are a major driver of rising healthcare costs. The appropriate use of imaging studies must be evaluated to provide valued health care.Methods: We reviewed the radiology reports of baseline and follow-up chest, abdominal, and pelvic CT examinations of HCC patients. We categorized the incidence of malignancy in the chest and abdomen for the baseline and follow-up examinations. We also categorized the follow-up examinations as showing improved disease, stable disease, or disease progression. We correlated any progression of disease in the chest with progression of disease in the abdomen. We determined the extent to which disease progression in the chest occurred alongside that in the abdomen. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out using R (version 3.5.2, R Development Core Team).Results: Of the 226 patients included in our study, only 7 (3%) had disease progression in the chest without corresponding disease progression in the abdomen and pelvis on follow-up CT. Only 1.8% of patients with disease progression in the chest had a negative CT chest at baseline.Conclusion: Follow-up chest CT has limited benefit in the surveillance of HCC patients, especially those with negative baseline chest CT findings.Keywords: malignancy, imaging, staging, metastases, benefit, cost-effective

The maintenance of student attendance at a facility is a challenging endeavor. The attendance is manually inputted, making it easily manipulatable. To effectively monitor and control student attendance in a setting, this research intends to build an intelligent attendance system with a sustainable approach to the problem. This study indicates employing RFID and IR sensors to automatically take attendance. Data can be viewed and stored in a real-time database using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The firebase database/google sheets are updated when the student’s card is brought close to the RFID module. Additionally, an IR sensor is employed to keep track of the overall number of students entering and leaving the classroom. It would be useful to know how many students are in the class overall, and how many students are in the class overall would be displayed on the LCD outside the class. The outcomes of the research on student attendance will be communicated to the parents, and the number of students in attendance overall will be forwarded to the higher representatives of the institutions. The system alerts the user if there is any discrepancy between the number of RFID tags scanned and the total number of students present in the classroom. The teacher must manually rectify the attendance error after the disparity in the count reveals the proxy in attendance. Future expansion of this research may include the use of biometrics and face recognition to detect the proxy and open up the possibility for a more sustainable environment.

This article demonstrates the alleviation of mutual coupling of a simple and low-cost four-element microstrip array antenna by loading I-shaped slot-type electromagnetic band gap structure in the ground plane. FR-4 glass epoxy is used as dielectric substrate. Moreover, the proposed array antenna shows a better performance in terms of multi-band resonance. The antenna is resonating at four frequencies and a virtual size reduction of 78.48% is obtained. The designed array antenna possesses directional radiation properties. Mentor Graphics IE3D software is used to design and simulate the designed antennas and the measured results are obtained using vector network analyser.

Hybrid power system is a combination of different but complementary energy generation systems based on renewable energies. The Hybrid power system harnesses most of the power from the environmental conditions, reduces the losses and repetitive maintenance, thus improving efficiency and reliability of the system. This is achieved by proper coordination control between the Renewable Energy Sources (RES). This paper focuses on the implementation of Photovoltaic - Wind hybrid power system with real-time data of environmental conditions. The continuous real-time values of the solar irradiation and wind speed are obtained from the weather monitoring system at the location. The PV will be the primary source of generation during the day and wind generation can act as power conditioning. The Hybrid model is implemented in Matlab Simulink and its performance is examined under variable environmental conditions with a variable resistive load. A scale down experiment set-up of PV-Wind hybrid system is utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed control logic. It has emerged from the simulation and experimental study that the hybrid system implemented with the real-time data maintains the output voltage constant irrespective of environmental conditions and load condition.

In this paper, we introduce a new condition namely: condition (W.C.C.) and utilize the same to prove a Suzuki type unique common fixed point theorem for two hybrid pairs of mappings in partial metric spaces employing the partial Hausdorff metric which generalizes several known results of the existing literature proved in metric and partial metric spaces.