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129 results on '"Raphaël Mathevet"'

1. Building spaces of interactions between researchers and managers: Case studies with wildlife monitoring and conservation in France

Author: Thibaut Couturier, Sarah Bauduin, Guillelme Astruc, Aurélie Blanck, Coline Canonne, Thierry Chambert, Jules Chiffard, Alix Cosquer, Sarah Cubaynes, Laurence Curtet, Emmanuelle Dortel, Nolwenn Drouet‐Hoguet, Christophe Duchamp, Charlotte Francesiaz, Oksana Grente, Adrien Jailloux, Maëlis Kervellec, Valentin Lauret, Jean‐Dominique Lebreton, Julie Louvrier, Lucile Marescot, Raphaël Mathevet, Marie‐Laure Navas, Charlotte Perrot, Nicolas Poulet, Pierre‐Yves Quenette, Michel Salas, Guillaume Souchay, Cécile Vanpé, Aurélien Besnard, and Olivier Gimenez
Subjects: boundary science, environmental management, research–implementation gap, science‐conservation interface, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract To document and halt biodiversity loss, monitoring, quantifying trends and assessing management and conservation strategies on wildlife populations and communities are crucial steps. With increasing technological innovations, more and more data are collected and new quantitative methods are constantly developed. These rapid developments come with an increasing need for analytical skills, which are hardly accessible to managers. On the other hand, researchers spend more and more time on research grant applications and administrative tasks, which leaves fewer opportunities for knowledge transfer. This situation tends to increase the gap between researchers and managers. Here, we illustrate how to fill this gap by presenting two long‐term collaborations between a research unit—Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology; CEFE—and a national agency—French Biodiversity Agency; OFB. The first example is a collaboration providing statistical support to national parks for the design and implementation of scientific monitoring protocols. It relies on the recruitment of a research engineer funded by OFB and physically based at CEFE, who works closely with OFB and managers. The second example is a collaboration on the management of large carnivores. For more than 10 years, it has involved several PhD students and post‐doctoral fellows co‐supervised by CEFE and OFB, and has recently resulted in the recruitment of a permanent OFB researcher who works half‐time at CEFE and half‐time at OFB. These case studies illustrate the modalities of collaborative work between public institutions acting at different levels of biodiversity conservation for the co‐construction of research agendas and the exchange of knowledge. These collaborations also bring out some challenges. Inter‐knowledge and mutual learning remain difficult at scales larger than that of the teams concerned. The staff working at this interface needs to possess good listening skills, respect all partners' needs and demonstrate flexibility. Knowledge exchanges require time, thus reducing productivity according to quantitative metrics such as scientific publications or institutional reports. These collaborations can therefore be difficult to assume socially, and remain tenuous because they rely on a good understanding of the differences in governance of the various partners. Based on our experience, success is favoured by long‐term and close relationships, and by co‐construction of projects at early stage. Sharing a space (i.e. office or building) facilitates face‐to‐face interactions during planned work sessions and casual meetings that build up a shared scientific culture and mutual trust.
Published: 2023
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2. Multiscale Diagnosis of Mangrove Status in Data-Poor Context Using Very High Spatial Resolution Satellite Images: A Case Study in Pichavaram Mangrove Forest, Tamil Nadu, India

Author: Shuvankar Ghosh, Christophe Proisy, Gowrappan Muthusankar, Christiane Hassenrück, Véronique Helfer, Raphaël Mathevet, Julien Andrieu, Natesan Balachandran, and Rajendran Narendran
Subjects: remote sensing-based monitoring, plantation, restoration, change detection, dieback, Bay of Bengal, Science
Abstract: Highlighting spatiotemporal changes occurring within mangrove habitats at the finest possible scale could contribute fundamental knowledge and data for local sustainable management. This study presents the current situation of the Pichavaram mangrove area, a coastal region of Southeast India prone to both cyclones and reduced freshwater inflow. Based on the supervised classification and visual inspection of very high spatial resolution (VHSR) satellite images provided with a pixel size of 85%), which confirmed the potential of classification techniques applied to VHSR images in capturing changes in mangroves on a very fine scale. Our diagnosis reveals variable expansion rates in plantations made by the local authorities. We also report an ongoing mangrove dieback and confirm progressive shoreline erosion along the coastline. Despite a lack of field data, VHSR images allowed for the multiscale diagnosis of the ecosystem situation, thus constituting the first fine-scale assessment of the fragile Pichavaram mangrove area upon which the coastal community is dependent.
Published: 2022
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3. Integrative Science to Achieve Long-Term Impact in Conservation: The Use of Participatory Mapping to Improve Trans-disciplinarity

Author: Lisa Ernoul, Raphaël Mathevet, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Alain Sandoz, Loïc Willm, and Olivier Boutron
Subjects: participatory mapping, integrative science, biodiversity conservation, socio-cultural values, spatial planning, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Published: 2018
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4. Faut-il en finir avec le développement durable ? Regard sur les zones humides méditerranéennes

Author: Raphaël Mathevet
Subjects: ethics, applied ethics, environment, sustainability, biodiversity, wetlands, Ethics, BJ1-1725
Abstract: Based on biodiversity conservation projects or integrated management projects of the Mediterranean wetlands, this paper shows that their sustainable development mainly depends on a political thinking about misdevelopment. The biodiversity conservation projects try with various successes to conciliate conservation and development. Amongst the problems, the decrease of the fresh water resource is added to the social disparity and the poverty. Promoting and managing institutional changes, increasing the stakeholders’social capital, learning and collectively deciding are the main keys of sustainable development. Many disparities still exist in the democratic processes atthe local,regional and national levels but a participative developmentis suggested.More centered on the needs of local communities than on economic growth, being more reflexive, and setting the science’s critic and the co-construction of projects at the heart of the process, this participative development may offer an alternative to the prevalent approaches that were used until now. The sustainable development of the Mediterranean wetlands is still promising if it increases the adaptive capacity of both social and ecological systems in order to reject any irreversibility.
Published: 2006

5. La carte et le territoire : le réseau écologique à l’épreuve de l’assemblée cartographique

Author: Ruppert Vimal and Raphaël Mathevet
Subjects: mapping, model, biodiversity, ecological network, social and technical processes, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract: Ecological network concept is a growing core element of conservation strategies. Based on the need to integrate ecological processes which underlie spatial dynamics of biodiversity at a landscape scale, network planning is largely based on a single model that allows the identification of natural core areas and linkage corridors. In this context, a structural mapping approach is the most frequently used mean to discuss and identify conservation issues at stake and to prepare recommendations for action. In this paper, we analyze the process of ecological network construction at the scale of a Regional Natural Park in southern France. We show that by sticking to a classical and highly technical approach focused on mapping spatial organization, the group of actors involved was unable to produce a collective representation of the conservation stakes nor recommend a plan of action. Our study highlights the need to better integrate the ordinary biodiversity of the landscape matrix and consider that a mapping approach should focus on making the construction and functioning of a social interaction process possible.
Published: 2011
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6. Agricultural policies, land-use and waterbird conservation: the case study of a major Mediterranean wetland, the Camargue

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Christophe Tourenq, and François Mesléard
Subjects: environment, Camargue, agriculture, wetland, CAP, rice farming, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract: This paper explores the role of agricultural policies on the ricefield area dynamic in the Camargue, a Mediterranean wetland of international importance for waterbird conservation. Rice is the most common crop in the Rhone delta and earlier studies have highlighted the strong complementarity of rice fields with natural habitats for waterbirds. Modifications of agriculture-environment interactions are tackled through two main bird groups, of conservation interest, using ricefields for feeding purposes: colonial herons and flamingos. The regional history, concerning land-use and rice-farming changes, reveals the ways in which the local landscape has changed as the national and supranational agricultural policies have developed since WWII. The importance of the increase of ricefield area for colonial herons as well as the role of ricefield landscape modifications on the crop damages by flamingos are examined. They illustrate how wildlife and farming interact in a complex manner, which needs to be understood in order to develop agricultural practices adapted to the environment and to promote integrated environmental policies. The authors suggest that a better understanding of the role which agricultural policies play on a region’s development history and geography is fundamental to any conservation policy analysis.
Published: 2002
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7. Exploring the Contribution of Fiscal Transfers to Protected Area Policy

Author: Maud Borie, Raphaël Mathevet, Aurélien Letourneau, Irene Ring, John D. Thompson, and Pascal Marty
Subjects: biodiversity, conservation policy, ecological solidarity, fiscal transfer, protected areas, public funding, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Biodiversity payments have become an increasingly proposed tool to promote conservation measures. An unexplored issue concerns the potential role of fiscal transfers between the state and infra-national authorities potentially as direct financial incentives for biodiversity conservation. We explore how protected areas can be taken into account in a redistributive fiscal transfer system between the state and local authorities, i.e., municipalities. Different simulations were made in the Mediterranean region of southern France, a major biodiversity hotspot subject to increasing threats. We examined two methods for fiscal transfer: first, a "per hectare" method, based on the surface of the protected area within the boundaries of the municipality and second a "population equivalent" method, in which we convert the surface of protected areas into relative numbers of inhabitants. Our results show that consideration of the population of the municipality in addition to its protected areas' surface can provide a strong incentive to encourage municipalities to designate protected areas. However, this will require increased public funding to buffer financial losses incurred by large municipalities that have a low proportion of their territory within protected areas. We discuss the social feasibility of this tool for green infrastructure implementation and future protected area designation.
Published: 2014
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8. Attachements et changement dans un monde en transformation

Author: François Bousquet, Tara Quinn, Frédérique Jankowski, Raphaël Mathevet, Olivier Barreteau, Sandrine Dhénain and François Bousquet, Tara Quinn, Frédérique Jankowski, Raphaël Mathevet, Olivier Barreteau, Sandrine Dhénain
Published: 2022

9. Des clichés protectionnistes aux discours intégrateurs : l’institutionnalisation de réserves naturelles de France

Author: Clara Therville, Raphaël Mathevet, and Frédéric Bioret
Subjects: territory, France, sustainable development, strategy, network, organization, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: The protected areas are increasingly regarded as open and dynamic social-ecological systems that interact with their environment. Within this context, we focus on Nature Reserves, one of the main French conservation tools. The Nature Reserve of France Association (RNF in French) coordinates Nature Reserves’ managers. RNF is at once a national network of protected natural areas, an information centre that focuses on the sharing of managers’ professional experiences and also a dedicated lobbying agency. RNF occupies today a key place in the institutional scene of Nature protection in France. In this paper we present the evolution of RNF over the last thirty years, the social mechanisms of its construction, the frontiers that limit its actions. The analysis of the emergence in this network of the themes linked to the sustainable development of territories highlighted institutional, organizational, cultural and strategic issues at stake. We argue the thesis of an unfinished institutionalization symbolized by the partial substitution of the protectionist cliché by the new super-cliché of integrated conservation. We conclude by identifying the issues of changes of the network members’ composition, especially the local governance excesses’ risks related to any decentralization process and the crucial issue of inter-networks cooperation.
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10. Du bon usage des ZNIEFF pour penser les territoires de la biodiversité

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Jacques Lepart, and Pascal Marty
Subjects: territory, conservation, regional planning, biodiversity, ZNIEFF, inventory, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Social Sciences
Abstract: The Natural Areas of Ecological, Fauna and Flora Interests (ZNIEFF in French) aim at inventorying and at mapping the French natural heritage. The debate related to their significance in regional planning questions both their legitimacy and scientific foundations. In this paper we present the information data sets and methods used to create them and also their limits. We illustrate the progress of knowledge by comparing the inventory in both Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA) regions. The ZNIEFF provide information to stakeholders on biodiversity conservation issues at stake and can be used for integrating the conditions of biodiversity persistence to land planning policies. They show how difficult it is to measure biodiversity and to think ourselves in nature, belonging to the same community of life.
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11. L’évolution des paysages de référence, un angle mort dans la gouvernance des paysages ?

Author: Clémence Moreau, Cécile Barnaud, and Raphaël Mathevet
Subjects: governance, landscape, protected area, ecosystem service, baseline, stakeholder analysis, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Social Sciences
Abstract: Baseline landscapes play a part in the landscape governance. On the Mont Lozere, France, the institutions aim to preserve open landscapes, which are considered as baseline landscapes. In this paper, we analyse how the open landscape dynamics due to the evolution of farming practices impact the stakeholder interplay and weaken the local governance. Our results show that the evolution of baseline landscapes is a blind spot in the landscape governance. Baseline landscapes are used in the development project as a unifying element, considered as consensual and static. This masks the diversity of representations about baseline landscapes and their dynamics. This case study advocates for considering baseline landscapes as a subject of debate.
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12. De la solidarité dans les espaces protégés : exploration des chartes des Parcs nationaux et Parcs naturels régionaux français

Author: Céline Fromont, Raphaël Mathevet, Marie Chandelier, Nadja Couratte-Arnaude, and John D. Thompson
Subjects: solidarity, national parks, ecological solidarity, textual analysis, charters, regional nature parks, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Ecological solidarity is one of the fundamental principles of the 2006 law reforming French national parks and the 2016 law on biodiversity, nature and landscapes. In order to make an assessment of the appropriation of this principle in protected areas in France, we explore the use of the term solidarity by national parks and regional nature parks by a textual analysis of their charters. We question the relationship between the use of the three registers of solidarity (ecological, social and economic), with the socio-environmental context of the parks and the representations of human-nature relationships conveyed in the charters. The notion of solidarity appears to be mobilized by both park networks, but the types of solidarity as well as the objects on which these solidarities focus differ. Thus, the references to ecological solidarity and to nature are based either on a formalism of conventional, fictional and motivational beliefs or on a principle of integrated territorial management whose putative character of the public and nature participates in the legitimization of the existence of protected areas and their action. We conclude this exploration by questioning the place of the principle of ecological solidarity in the construction of "capable territories" that participate in the ecological, social, economic and energy transition within and beyond the boundaries of protected areas.
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13. Que ferons-nous des canards sauvages ?: Chasse, nature et gestion adaptative

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Matthieu Guillemain and Raphaël Mathevet, Matthieu Guillemain
Published: 2016

14. Pour une géographie de la conservation: Biodiversités, natures et sociétés

Author: Laurent Godet, Raphaël Mathevet and Laurent Godet, Raphaël Mathevet
Published: 2015

15. Attachements et changement dans un monde en transformation

Author: François Bousquet, Tara Quinn, Frédérique Jankowski, Raphaël Mathevet, Olivier Barreteau, and Sandrine Dhénain
Subjects: Changement social, U70 - Sciences humaines et sociales, Sciences sociales, Sociologie, Comportement culturel, Comportement humain
Abstract: Posons la question autour de nous : " pourquoi les gens ne changent-ils pas ? ". La réponse sera le plus souvent : " parce qu'ils sont trop attachés à leurs privilèges, traditions, acquis, relations, cultures, terroirs, etc. Ils ne changeront jamais ! ". Cette théorie qui veut que l'attachement empêche le changement fait partie du sens commun. Pourtant, depuis de nombreuses années, les chercheurs qui étudient le concept d'attachement, et notamment l'attachement au lieu, montrent que cette théorie n'est pas validée. L'attachement peut au contraire conférer de la sécurité aux individus et soutenir des changements. Cet ouvrage s'appuie sur des enseignements de la littérature, ainsi que sur des propositions théoriques et méthodologiques transdisciplinaires. Il est le fruit des interactions entre des chercheurs de différentes disciplines qui ont travaillé en France, au Royaume-Uni, en Afrique du Sud et au Sénégal. La lecture de ce livre invitera, stimulera et guidera les étudiants, chercheurs, décideurs, usagers, ou toutes personnes engagées dans des processus de changement des systèmes sociaux et écologiques dans la prise en compte des attachements et des relations affectives pour accompagner les transitions.
Published: 2022

16. Voir ou entrevoir le tigre : tourisme domestique et expérience de nature en Inde

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Anthony Goreau-Ponceaud, Les Afriques dans le monde (LAM), Sciences Po Bordeaux - Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux (IEP Bordeaux)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Bordeaux-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: 0502 economics and business, 05 social sciences, 0507 social and economic geography, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 050703 geography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050212 sport, leisure & tourism, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Profitant d’un sejour de recherche en Inde du Sud, nous avons chacun eu l’opportunite de visiter a plusieurs reprises des parcs nationaux et sanctuaires de faune sauvage du sous-continent indien en quete d’emotions naturalistes. De nos experiences et frustrations respectives sont nees de nombreuses interrogations sur la dichotomie homme/nature en Inde et les philosophies environnementales dans les traditions et religions indiennes (Callicott et McRae 2014) dans le contexte d’un developpement ...
Published: 2020

17. Assessing Management Perceptions Linked to a Flagship Species: A New Approach to Increase Landscape Management Legitimacy and Support

Author: Stephan Arnassant, Olivier Boutron, Lisa Ernoul, Arnaud Béchet, Alain Sandoz, Raphaël Mathevet, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Loïc Willm, Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parc Natural Régional de Camargue, This study was funded by the Fondation de France, Fondation MAVA and Fondation Tour du Valat. We thank Tatiana Fuentes, Katia Lombardini and Camille Muranyi-Kovacs for their support in the participatory workshops., Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental perceptions, Camargue, 15. Life on land, Public relations, 01 natural sciences, Landscape management, Flagship species, Political science, Perception, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, business, Global changes, Legitimacy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common
Abstract: International audience; Integrated socio-ecological decision-making is important in improving legitimacy in management decisions through effective solutions that avert conflicts. This research examined social perceptions in landscape planning and management with regard to the Greater flamingo, a flagship species along the southern French Coast. A strategic delivery to a cross-section in a social catchment (n = 87) captured the perception and the recognition of management strategies through a survey questionnaire. Analysis was conducted through a multi-method approach, triangulating qualitative and quantitative results. Results show the importance of the attachment to flamingos in local landscapes. Knowledge on flamingo ecology was relatively high and participants perceived some of the regional management options to be unfavorable for flamingos. Participants identified threats to the species and expressed concern for the future of the flamingos, challenging the legitimacy of some landscape management decisions and planning policies. This research demonstrates the role of flagship species in stimulating reflection on landscape management, addressing both the ecological and human dimensions. Understanding social perceptions of biodiversity management objectives is fundamental for effective coastal conservation.
Published: 2021

18. Is forest regeneration good for biodiversity? Exploring the social dimensions of an apparently ecological debate

Author: Antonia Eastwood, Annie McKee, Raphaël Mathevet, Sam Staddon, Esteve Corbera, Cécile Barnaud, Alison J. Hester, Kirsty Blackstock, Anke Fischer, Joana Reyes, Clémence Moreau, Clélia Sirami, Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Université d'Edimbourg, The James Hutton Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AgreenSkills + fellowship programme - EU's Seventh Framework Programme : FP7-609398 (PCOFUND-GA-2010-267196), INRA Metaprogram Ecoserv, Scottish Government's Strategic Research Programme 2016-2021, and 'Maria de Maeztu' Programme for Units of Excellence of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation : CEX2019-000940-M
Subjects: Environmental justice, Underpinning, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Discourse analysis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Geography, Planning and Development, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Political ecology, 01 natural sciences, Conceptual framework, Environmental governance, 13. Climate action, Political science, Power, Rewilding, Situated, Comparative study, Protected area, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Forest regeneration is a major land-use change in European uplands, and whether or not this is a desirable change for biodiversity is disputed. While this debate seems to be largely situated in the field of natural sciences, this paper aims to also examine its social dimensions. To do so, we adopt a comparative discourse analysis with four cases of protected areas in France, Spain, and Scotland. We draw on a conceptual framework highlighting both the ecological and social factors underpinning the construction of environmental discourses. It notably emphasises the role of interests, ideas and institutions, and the power dynamics underpinning discourse-coalitions. We show how diverging discourses emerged, gained ground, coalesced and competed differently in different contexts, explaining the adoption of seemingly opposite discourses by protected area authorities. These findings reaffirm the need to conceive environmental governance as an on-going deliberative process in order to achieve environmental justice.
Published: 2021

19. Passer les limites, rythmer le territoire. Paysage et mobilités du sanglier en Valbonnais (Isère, France)

Author: Roméo Bondon, Raphaël Mathevet, Coralie Mounet, and Simon Chamaillé-Jammes
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, hunting, géographie animale, wildlife, Geography, Planning and Development, 0507 social and economic geography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Landscape dynamics, Wild boar, biology.animal, Situated, Local population, chasse, sanglier, Global and Planetary Change, relation humains et animaux sauvages, human wildlife relationships, biology, 05 social sciences, animal geography, 15. Life on land, faune sauvage, Urban Studies, Participatory approach, protected area, Ethnology, 050703 geography, wild boar, aire protégée
Abstract: Par la confrontation d'entretiens semi-directifs dans la vallée alpine du Valbonnais (Isère, France) avec l'observation de données de déplacements de sangliers, nous questionnons la contribution de la mobilité animale au devenir du paysage. Le sanglier se joue des limites administratives, révèle et anime les controverses spatiales et économiques des territoires humains, il pousse aussi, par sa biologie et ses spatialités à questionner les catégories d’analyse habituelles. Nous proposons de le qualifier d’« animal-frontière » et nous mettons en œuvre une approche à la fois interdisciplinaire et participative pour faciliter l’élaboration d’une connaissance située de l’espèce et des enjeux liés à ses déplacements. Nous explorons ainsi comment le sanglier participe d’un paysage vivant. Our study takes place into the Valbonnais alpine valley (Isère, France) and is based on semi-structured interviews which are confronted with the analysis of the movements of a local population of wild boars. We aim to question the contribution of animal mobility to the landscape dynamics. The wild boar interacts with administrative limits, reveals and stimulates the spatial and economic controversies of human territories, it also leads, by its biology and spatiality, to question the usual analytic categories. We suggest to understand wild boar as a « boundary-animal » and to implement an interdisciplinary and participatory approach to elaborate a situated knowledge of the species and the issues related to its movements, and thus to explore how wild boars shape a living landscape.
Published: 2021

20. Simulating together multiscale and multisectoral adaptations to global change and their impacts: A generic serious game and its implementation in coastal areas in France and South Africa

Author: Cédric Simi, Chloé Guerbois, Hervé Fritz, Bruno Bonté, Géraldine Abrami, Raphaël Mathevet, Clara Therville, François Bousquet, Olivier Barreteau, Sandrine Dhenain, Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Université de Lyon, TEC Conseil (conseil et recherche en politiques climatiques) (TEC Conseil), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Emmanuel Garbolino, Christine Voiron-Canicio, Savoirs, ENvironnement et Sociétés (SENS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], adaptation, Zone côtière, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, participation, partie intéressée, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, computer.programming_language, media_common, Préservation de l'écosystème, National park, Système de positionnement global, 010601 ecology, Système basé sur la connaissance, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Conservation de la nature, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Conservation du paysage, acteurs du foncier, geoprospective, role-playing game, Scheme (programming language), media_common.quotation_subject, companion modeling, Consistency (negotiation), Political science, Institution, Adaptation (computer science), Environmental planning, global change, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Changement climatique, Citizen journalism, Global change, agent-based modeling, social and ecological systems, Conceptual model, computer, risks
Abstract: International audience; In this chapter, we propose a new kind of participatory device designed as a serious game suitable for geoprospective workshops and dedicated to help the setting of multiscale and multisectoral long-term adaptation plans to global change. We explain how and why we combined the concepts of the Coupled Infrastructure System with the paradigm of Multi-Agents System to build a generic conceptual model. We present the two games designed with this framework at this date and describe them precisely from their conceptual models up to examples of results obtained during the participatory sessions organized on the field with real stakeholders. The first example is about the George municipality in South Africa and sessions were organized in coordination with South African National park institution (SAN parks). The second example is about the territory of the Scheme Of Territorial Consistency (SCOT) “South of Gard” department in France and sessions were organized with the SCOT “South of Gard” and other institutions.
Published: 2021

21. List of contributors

Author: Géraldine Abrami, Olivier Barreteau, Jacques Baudry, Bruno Bonté, François Bousquet, Matteo Caglioni, Michele Campagna, Nathalie Cecutti, José Juan Hernández Chávez, Warren Daniel, Sandrine Dhenain, Hervé Fritz, Giovanni Fusco, Emmanuel Garbolino, Françoise Gourmelon, Chloé Guerbois, Thomas Lagier, Carlo Lavalle, Romain Légé, Jean-Christophe Loubier, Stéphanie Mahévas, Christine Malé, Raphaël Mathevet, Guillermo Hinojos Mendoza, Cédric Simi, Clara Therville, Laurie Tissière, Brice Trouillet, Gilles Voiron, and Christine Voiron-Canicio
Published: 2021

22. Wetlands for a Sustainable Urban Future: Insights from Pondicherry, South India

Author: Govindan Venkatasubramanian, Nicolas Bautès, Anbarashan Munisamy, Ayyappan Narayanan, Simon Targowla, Raphaël Mathevet, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Fauna, Biodiversity, Wetland, Biodiversity conservation, Regional planning, 0502 economics and business, 11. Sustainability, Ecosystem, Urban lake, Water management, Political ecology, Biodiversity conservation, 050207 economics, Environmental history, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, Recreation, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 050208 finance, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Political ecology, 6. Clean water, Geography, 13. Climate action, business, Commons
Abstract: Wetland ecosystems hold an important part of the world’s biodiversity and are complex social-ecological systems. Aiming to understand interdependencies among their components and to define management policies, the social-ecological trajectory of Oussudu lake – a wetland of Pondicherry region in South India – was reconstructed and analysed. During the last decades, this wetland has transformed from an irrigation tank to a lake to cater biodiversity conservation and recreation. The environmental history highlights a governance change that has contributed to “black boxing” the wetland’s functional environment and to conceal major water issues at regional and local levels. This study emphasizes the importance of implementing an approach that combines the management of this urban lake commons with a multi-scalar, socio-ecological and multi-stakeholder analysis. A trade-off on the seasonal water regime between different users - including fauna and flora - has to be found.
Published: 2020

23. Comparing social representations of the landscape: a methodology

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Clélia Sirami, Carole Vuillot, Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ERA-Net BiodivERsA, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), German Research Foundation (DFG), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, ANR-11-EBID-0004,FarmLand,European Network on Farmland Heterogeneity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(2011), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Computer science, QH301-705.5, social- ecological system, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mental models, regional environmental planning, social-ecological system, Social representation, Biology (General), QH540-549.5, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, social representation, quantitative analysis, Ecology, business.industry, 15. Life on land, Free listing, 010601 ecology, Quantitative analysis (finance), 13. Climate action, agricultural landscape, free-listing, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, france, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Natural language processing
Abstract: International audience; Social representations (SRs) are systems of values, ideas, and practices that characterize individuals' and social groups' relationships to both their social and natural environment. Comparing SRs between places, social groups, and through time is critical to understanding how social-ecological systems (SESs) and their diverse uses are perceived, interpreted, and understood. This knowledge needs to be taken into account to achieve efficient land use management of SESs such as agricultural landscapes. People's perceptions of the landscape are increasingly studied in sustainability sciences and a growing number of studies use the SR framework for analyzing differences in SRs between stakeholders and localities or for detecting changes over time. Robust methodologies able to compare SRs are required for this purpose. In this paper, we propose a modular approach to studying SRs from words collected from free listing tasks. This approach relies on standardizing definitions of frequency thresholds commonly used to assess SR content, consensus level, and structure. We then illustrate the value of this methodological approach through a comparative study of farmers' social representations of the agricultural landscape among four contrasted social-ecological contexts in France. We show how our comparative method allows for characterizing spatial variations in SRs and identifying social-ecological factors that influence the structuration and content of SRs. Finally, we discuss our methodological progress and the implications of our results for public policies aimed at managing SESs and in particular agricultural landscapes for conservation.
Published: 2020

24. Entre urbanisation et patrimonialisation : le lac d’Oussudu en devenir (Pondichéry, Tamil Nadu), Inde du Sud

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, M. Anbarashan, Govindan Venkatasubramanian, Simon Targowla, Nicolas Bautès, N. Ayyappan, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, systèmes socio-écologiques, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, biodiversité, social-ecological system, water management, zone humide, planification régionale et environnementale, political ecology, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, système socio-écologique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, biodiversity, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, gestion de l’eau, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, wetland, 010601 ecology, 13. Climate action, regional and environmental planning, protected area, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, aire protégée
Abstract: International audience; This paper aims to explore the articulation between biodiversity conservation, water management, heritage and urbanization in South India. The socio-environmental history of a wetland located at the margins of the Pondicherry metropolitan area shows how a reservoir lake for irrigation gradually became a lake supporting biodiversity for recreational purposes. This study highlights divergent planning visions and the place of institutional and political collusion. It underlines the need to adopt an approach based both on the management of the commons and a multi-scalar, socio-ecological, hydrological and multi-stakeholder analysis.; Cet article propose d’explorer l’articulation entre conservation de la biodiversité, gestion de l’eau, patrimonialisation et urbanisation dans le sud de l’Inde. L’histoire socio-environnementale d’une zone humide située aux franges de l’agglomération de Pondichéry montre comment un lac réservoir pour l’irrigation est devenu progressivement un lac support de biodiversité à des fins récréatives. Cette étude met en évidence des visions planificatrices divergentes et la place des collusions institutionnelles et politiques. Elle souligne le besoin d’adopter une approche basée à la fois sur la gestion des communs et une analyse multi-scalaire, socio-écologique, hydrologique et multi-acteurs.
Published: 2020

25. Can Environmental and Conservation Research Do without Social Scientists? A Comment on Victoria Y. Martin (2019)

Author: Pascal Marty, Raphaël Mathevet, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sociology, Conservation, Social scientists, Environment, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

26. Transfers of vulnerability through adaptation plan implementation: an analysis based on networks of feedback control loops

Author: Olivier Barreteau, Chloé Guerbois, Clara Therville, John M. Anderies, François Bousquet, Raphaël Mathevet, Tara Quinn, Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], College of Life and Environmental Sciences [Exeter], University of Exeter, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Planification, Computer science, QH301-705.5, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Autonomous agent, Vulnerability, robustness, Zone côtière, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Transfer (computing), coastal areas vulnerability, Adaptation, Biology (General), Robustness (economics), Adaptation (computer science), QH540-549.5, media_common, interdependences, Ecology, externalities, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 010601 ecology, Interdependence, Identification (information), feedback control loop, Risk analysis (engineering), P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, infrastructures, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Externality
Abstract: International audience; With the increasing number of adaptation plans being generated across the world at multiple scales and levels of organization, the issue of coordination among plans is emerging as a significant challenge. We focus on how lack of coordination may constrain their efficiency as a result of potential transfers of vulnerability. This paper focuses on interdependencies between autonomous feedback control loops that represent adaptation processes and makes the link between autonomous action and (social-ecological) system levels. These interdependencies allow changes in vulnerability of one adaptation actor as a consequence of the reduction of vulnerability of another actor. We refer to the processes behind such changes as "vulnerability transfers" and suggest the need for their identification so that actors may make agreements to address them explicitly. A thorough analysis of each step involved in a feedback control loop enables the identification of potential interdependencies, leading to seven basic types of vulnerability transfer. The analysis of example cases of observed transfers of vulnerability in three coastal case studies then demonstrate the suitability of feedback control loop networks to assess, ex-ante, potential vulnerability transfers. The example cases feature all types of theoretically possible vulnerability transfers. Initial empirical investigation showcases the relative importance of shared infrastructures in generating transfers of vulnerability. It also helps to reveal forgotten links to avoid decreasing efficiency of adaptation processes beyond each autonomous agent's jurisdiction. Our representation contributes to a more comprehensive ex-ante identification of transfers and hence the possibility to discuss and manage them.
Published: 2020

27. Monitoring in Tropical National Parks: The Power of Knowledge

Author: Ruppert Vimal, Tsegaye T. Gatiso, Raphaël Mathevet, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institut Dissonances, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Germany, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Sociology of scientific knowledge, knowledge, Social reality, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Context (language use), Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Scientific evidence, power, national parks, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Environmental planning, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, biodiversity, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Corporate governance, Charismatic megafauna, conservation, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, quantification, monitoring, Business, Science studies, biodiversity conservation, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Evidence-based policy
Abstract: International audience; Monitoring is increasingly recognised as a key instrument for effective nature conservation. It attempts to provide quantitative knowledge to implement conservation actions upon scientific evidence. However, science studies have shown that monitoring is not only a simple technical choice but also carries a cognitive representation of the world and plays a social role. Based on a socioethnographic approach involving 94 semi-structured interviews in seven national parks in tropical Africa and Indonesia, the objective of this study is to analyse the different dimensions of the relation between expertise and power, in the context of postcolonial environmental policies. Drawing on the limitations of monitoring programmes to guide management, this paper shows their unexpected roles and indirect effects. Monitoring appears as a means to provide parks with an effective existence following two dimensions. First, it enacts and contributes to convey a cognitive representation of nature conservation in those areas. Overall, monitoring programmes concentrate predominantly on long term scientific knowledge rather than on pragmatic and action driven knowledge. The majority of programmes focuses on conserving charismatic species and banning illegal activities inside the park rather than on fostering sustainable human activities around the park. Second, the implementation of monitoring programmes gives the parks a material dimension. It provides human, financial, and logistical resources, it controls the parks' activities and structures the parks' governance and administration. Therefore, the day-to-day use of indicators and technical instruments relies less on their ability to drive action than on their capacity to shape power relationships and to produce a social reality. Our findings question the predominant place given to quantitative science and technique in nature conservation and the social conditions under which an evidence based policy can be implemented.
Published: 2018

28. Integrating habitat diversity into species conservation in the Mediterranean mosaic landscape

Author: Jocelyn Fonderflick, Antonin Acquarone, Pascal Pluvinet, Jacques Lepart, Philippe Geniez, Raphaël Mathevet, Max Debussche, Ruppert Vimal, John D. Thompson, and Marc Cheylan
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Land use, business.industry, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, fungi, Habitat conservation, Biodiversity, Distribution (economics), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Habitat, Umbrella species, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Diversity (politics), media_common
Abstract: Biodiversity conservation requires strategies that encompass a variety of land uses and habitat diversity. In this study, we used sites of high ecological interest identified on the basis of the distribution of priority plant and vertebrate species to assess the implications of habitat diversity for conservation management in the Mediterranean mosaic landscape. 40% of the priority species occur in open habitats that depend on continued human presence and low-intensity land-use activities. Furthermore, 70% of the sites have more than one species habitat and 15% of sites contain more than four different species habitats. By explicitly integrating localized habitat variation, conservation planning can address the multiple conservation issues at stake in regions of high landscape diversity to provide clear and effective management objectives.
Published: 2017

29. Dynamiques d'intégration des espaces naturels protégés en France : une approche comparative entre parcs nationaux et réserves naturelles

Author: Frédéric Bioret, Raphaël Mathevet, Clara Therville, Isabelle Arpin, and Arnaud Cosson
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, gouvernance, General Social Sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, biodiversité, espace naturel protégé, lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:H, 010601 ecology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, france, système socioécologique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Ces trente dernières années, les espaces naturels protégés (ENP) ont connu un changement majeur de paradigme, des approches ségrégatives aux approches intégratives. Les cadres d'analyse traitant de la transformation des systèmes socioécologiques et des biens communs permettent de comparer ce processus de transformation entre deux grands types d'ENP en France : les parcs nationaux et les réserves naturelles. Tandis que les trajectoires d'intégration des parcs s'expliquent par une injonction descendante, celles de certaines réserves sont issues de processus ascendants. Si la comparaison entre parcs et réserves révèle des variables clés dans la mise en œuvre des approches intégratives (leadership, capital social, articulation entre niveaux de règle), leur articulation diffère du fait de l'histoire de ces outils, de l'origine du processus de transformation et d'effets d'échelle.
Published: 2017

30. The relationship of childhood upbringing and university degree program to environmental identity: experience in nature matters

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Susan Clayton, Anne-Caroline Prévot, Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale (LAPPS), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Department of Psychology [Wooster], College of Wooster, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: environmental identity, Child rearing, environmental concern, business.industry, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050301 education, Identity (social science), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Natural resource, Environmental adult education, Education, Likert scale, Environmental studies, conservation of biodiversity, Environmental education, Natural (music), Sociology, University curriculum, business, 0503 education, Social psychology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Education has been proposed as an important way to increase environmental concern. Beyond providing information, education could also encourage a stable sense of oneself as connected to the natural...
Published: 2016

31. The French biosphere reserves

Author: Raphaël Mathevet and Catherine Cibien
Subjects: Participatory approach, Work (electrical), Ecology, Sustainable management, Political science, Added value, Biosphere, Stewardship, Public action, Solidarity
Abstract: The French MAB committee (MAB France) animates and consolidates the national network of BRs, and puts it in touch with the French and international communities interested in the MAB programme. This chapter describes the functioning of the French national network of BRs. First, we present MAB France and highlight its recent evolution and its vibrant innovations over 15 years. Then, we dwell on the French BRs. Where and what are they? When and why were they created? How do they work? Finally, in a third part we focus on their added value in the national landscape of protected areas and sustainable management of nature and its resources. In conclusion, we highlight their contribution to the implementation of a social-ecological stewardship based on ecological solidarity. The remaining challenge is to define an effective participatory approach that brings together public action and local collective actions. The unprecedented recognition enjoyed by the World Network of BR and MAB programme in recent years – by both national and local public authorities – augurs a new dynamic with hope for the future of the biosphere.
Published: 2019

32. Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions

Author: Teja Tscharntke, Lluís Brotons, Annika L. Hass, Laura Henckel, Carole Vuillot, Audrey Alignier, Gérard Balent, Vincent Bretagnolle, François Calatayud, Yann Clough, Aliette Bosem Baillod, David Giralt, Paul Miguet, Antonio Ricarte, Cyrille Violle, Péter Batáry, Scott Mitchell, Nicolas Gross, Romain Georges, Clélia Sirami, Gaëtan Lefebvre, Jordi Bosch, Annie Ouin, Bertrand Gauffre, Colette Bertrand, Samuel Hilaire, Jacques Baudry, Lenore Fahrig, Romain Carrié, Jude Girard, Gavin M. Siriwardena, Aude Vialatte, Jesús Miñano, Irene Robleño, Jean-Louis Martin, Assu Gil-Tena, Isabelle Badenhausser, Raphaël Mathevet, Jordi Recasens, Jose Antonio Barrientos, Kathryn Lindsay, Gerard Bota, Françoise Burel, Annick Gibon, M. A. Marcos-García, Lutz Tischendorf, Brigitte Poulin, Xavier O. Solé-Senan, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage (UMR BAGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Lund University [Lund], LTSER «Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sevre» [France], Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carleton University, Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé [France] (USC 1339 INRA), Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Joint Research Unit CTFC – AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain, Universitat de Lleida, Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Universidad de Alicante, Universidad de Murcia, British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Biology, Carleton University (Carleton University), WC1034, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS, H2020 European Research Council, FP7-609398, Agreenskills, JCI-2012-12089, Juan de la Cierva, ANR-11-EBID-0004,FarmLand,European Network on Farmland Heterogeneity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(2011), Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante. Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad, Biodiversidad y Biotecnología aplicadas a la Biología de la Conservación, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, ANR-11-EBID-0004, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: European Network on Farmland Heterogeneity, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services,FARMLAND,ANR-11-EBID0004, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Ecole supérieure d'Agricultures d'Angers (ESA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Multitaxa, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Birds, Crop, crop mosaic, Animals, Humans, Zoología, farmland landscape complementation, Agricultural productivity, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Crop mosaic, biodiversity, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Ecology, Breeding, genetics and propagation, Agriculture, Spiders, Vegetation, Biological Sciences, Bees, 15. Life on land, Landscape complementation, Europe, Farmland, Taxon, Geography, Crop diversity, 13. Climate action, North America, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biodiversity and ecosystem services, multitaxa, business, Butterflies
Abstract: Agricultural landscape homogenization has detrimental effects on biodiversity and key ecosystem services. Increasing agricultural landscape heterogeneity by increasing seminatural cover can help to mitigate biodiversity loss. However, the amount of seminatural cover is generally low and difficult to increase in many intensively managed agricultural landscapes. We hypothesized that increasing the heterogeneity of the crop mosaic itself (hereafter “crop heterogeneity”) can also have positive effects on biodiversity. In 8 contrasting regions of Europe and North America, we selected 435 landscapes along independent gradients of crop diversity and mean field size. Within each landscape, we selected 3 sampling sites in 1, 2, or 3 crop types. We sampled 7 taxa (plants, bees, butterflies, hoverflies, carabids, spiders, and birds) and calculated a synthetic index of multitrophic diversity at the landscape level. Increasing crop heterogeneity was more beneficial for multitrophic diversity than increasing seminatural cover. For instance, the effect of decreasing mean field size from 5 to 2.8 ha was as strong as the effect of increasing seminatural cover from 0.5 to 11%. Decreasing mean field size benefited multitrophic diversity even in the absence of seminatural vegetation between fields. Increasing the number of crop types sampled had a positive effect on landscape-level multitrophic diversity. However, the effect of increasing crop diversity in the landscape surrounding fields sampled depended on the amount of seminatural cover. Our study provides large-scale, multitrophic, cross-regional evidence that increasing crop heterogeneity can be an effective way to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes without taking land out of agricultural production. This research was funded by the ERA-Net BiodivERsA, with the national funders French National Research Agency (ANR-11-EBID-0004), German Ministry of Research and Education, German Research Foundation and Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, part of the 2011 BiodivERsA call for research proposals. The UK component of this research was funded by the UK Government Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), as Project WC1034. The Canadian component of this research was funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Strategic Project, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, Environment Canada, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. N.G. was supported by the AgreenSkills+ Fellowship programme which has received funding from the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement FP7-609398 (AgreenSkills+ contract). A.G.-T. (Juan de la Cierva Fellow, JCI-2012-12089) was funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain). C. Violle was supported by the European Research Council Starting Grant Project “Ecophysiological and biophysical constraints on domestication of crop plants” (Grant ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS). A.R.’s position at the University of Alicante is funded by the “Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia de Conocimiento.”
Published: 2019

33. L’évolution des paysages de référence, un angle mort dans la gouvernance des paysages ?

Author: Cécile Barnaud, Clémence Moreau, and Raphaël Mathevet
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, Art, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Humanities, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract: Les paysages de reference participent de la gouvernance des paysages. Ainsi, sur le mont Lozere, face a la fermeture des paysages, les institutions en place visent a preserver les paysages ouverts qui sont consideres comme des paysages de reference. Dans cet article, nous analysons la facon dont l’evolution des paysages ouverts, sous l’effet de l’evolution des pratiques agricoles, modifie les jeux d’acteurs et fragilise la gouvernance territoriale. Nos resultats montrent que l’evolution des paysages de reference reste un angle mort dans la gouvernance des paysages : mobilises en tant qu’element federateur, les paysages de reference sont presentes comme consensuels et immuables, ce qui tend a masquer la diversite des representations dont ils font l’objet, ainsi que leur caractere dynamique. Ce cas d’etude invite a considerer les etats de reference comme un objet de debat.
Published: 2019

34. Analyzing coastal coupled infrastructure systems through multi-scale serious games in Languedoc, France

Author: Clara Therville, Raphaël Mathevet, Sandrine Dhenain, Géraldine Abrami, François Bousquet, Bruno Bonté, Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), TEC CONSEIL MARSEILLE FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and ANR-13-JCLI-0005,MAGIC,Adaptations multi-échelle au changement climatique et leurs impacts sur la vulnérabilité dans les zones côtières(2013)
Subjects: ROLE-PLAYING GAME, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Côtes, Vulnerability, Context (language use), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Order (exchange), SOCIAL AND ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM, Croissance de la population, Regional science, media_common.cataloged_instance, COUPLED INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS, Adaptation, European union, Modélisation environnementale, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Global and Planetary Change, Facteur du milieu, Directive, Environnement, Negotiation, Anticipation (artificial intelligence), Sociologie, Scale (social sciences), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Business, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, COMPANION MODELING
Abstract: International audience; In the context of global change, the South of Gard coastal region in southern France is building up an adaptation plan in order to reduce vulnerability to several external drivers, including demographic growth, sea rise, and a new environmental directive from the European Union. However, adaptations which would reduce the vulnerability of some stakeholders might increase that of others. To explore transfers of vulnerability and their consequences with local stakeholders, we designed a serious game where players take the roles of sectoral planners in different places and on different scales of the territory. We organized a game session with 50 elected people and experts coming from various sectors. This experiment showed that adaptations on the local regional scale make it possible to cope temporarily with the pressures of global change by transferring these pressures to other sub-regions, other sectors, or even other scales. Analyzing the game session, we observed four categories of vulnerability transfers: transfers that were prevented by anticipation, transfers that were prevented by chance (non-purposely), transfers that were limited by a reaction (a posteriori), and transfers that simply occurred. Transfers prevented by anticipation required complex integration of local and sectoral adaptations. Urban growth linked to strategic retreat adaptations, which was identified as the major pressure, could be partly dealt with by trade-offs involving negotiations between several sectors in several places and at several scales.
Published: 2019

35. Cultural Resilience as the Resilience of a Distinctness. Distinctness from What? for What?

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, François Bousquet, Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (Cirad-Es-UPR 47 GREEN), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Govindaraj, Saravanan
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Field (Bourdieu), 05 social sciences, Ecological systems theory, 01 natural sciences, 0506 political science, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 010601 ecology, 050602 political science & public administration, E50 - Sociologie rurale, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, Function (engineering), Resilience (network), Psychology, Social psychology, B50 - Histoire, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract: Most articles in the field of resilience feature research that focuses either on the individual, drawing inspiration from studies conducted in psychology, or on social and ecological systems (SES). The resilience of the individual is defined by Masten and Cicchetti (2016) as, “the potential or manifested capacity of an individual to adapt successfully through multiple processes to challenges that threaten the function, survival, or positive development.” Meanwhile, Folke (2016) defines the resilience of social and ecological systems as, “the capacity of a system to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to still retain essentially the same function, structure, and feedback, and therefore identity.”
Published: 2019

36. Scaling sensitivity of drivers

Author: Vesna Grobelnik, Anna V. Hetterley, Klaus Henle, Raphaël Mathevet, Pascal Marty, Joseph Tzanopoulos, and Marty, Pascal
Subjects: Habitat fragmentation, Environmental change, business.industry, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Environmental resource management, Biodiversity, Environmental science, Sensitivity (control systems), business, Scaling, Ecosystem services
Abstract: Understanding drivers of change, their impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services, as well as their relationships to decision- making, constitutes a major challenge for scientists and policy makers.
Published: 2019

37. Challenges for local adaptation when governance scales overlap. Evidence from Languedoc, France

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, François Bousquet, Sandrine Dhenain, Frédéric Grelot, Ute Brady, Pauline Brémond, Clara Therville, Olivier Barreteau, Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), ANR-13-JCLI-0005,MAGIC,Adaptations multi-échelle au changement climatique et leurs impacts sur la vulnérabilité dans les zones côtières(2013), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, FRANCE, gestion des ressources naturelles, 010501 environmental sciences, Zone côtière, Collective action, 01 natural sciences, Decentralization, LANGUEDOC ROUSSILLON, ROBUSTNESS, Political science, SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, Gouvernance, 14. Life underwater, Adaptation (computer science), Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Local adaptation, Global and Planetary Change, Corporate governance, 15. Life on land, Devolution, Interdependence, Protection de l'environnement, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, MULTI-SCALE GOVERNANCE, Coastal management
Abstract: International audience; In coastal areas around the world, actors are responding to multiple global changes by implementing adaptation plans, often confined within a single-focal perspective with few explanations of targeted changes and cross-scale interactions. To better anticipate the raising coordination issues and the potential feedbacks generated by adaptation in these complex social-ecological systems where governance scales overlap, we used the robustness framework (Anderies et al. 2004; Anderies 2015). We analyzed a case study along the Languedoc coastline in southern France, where governance is organized in multiple jurisdictions which we considered as interlinked adaptation situations. We identified three interacting changes impacting adaptation: demographic growth, climate change, and large-scale political changes, such as decentralization. We used the examples of land-use planning and coastal management to illustrate the major coordination challenges facing the implementation of adaptation plans in coastal areas by various intertwined communities. In the example of land-use planning, adaptation is impacted by miscoordination between multiple sectors that all rely on a shared resource, land, thus putting more pressure on the decision-makers to make explicit trade-offs between multiple issues. Coastal management illustrated how emerging adaptation strategies created new interdependencies in the system and how these were hardly considered due to confusion in the devolution of responsibility between multiple jurisdictions. In both examples, using coupled and evolving robustness diagrams was helpful in revealing renewed fragilities, foreseeing consequences of adaptation in inter-related decisional contexts, and promoting collective action to redefine the boundaries of adaptation situations and their coordination to cope with converging changes along coastlines.
Published: 2019

38. Conciliate agriculture with landscape and biodiversity conservation: A role-playing game to explore trade-offs among ecosystem services through social learning

Author: Cécile Barnaud, Raphaël Mathevet, Clémence Moreau, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Ministère des Affaires étrangères (FRANCE), Université de Montpellier 3 (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Barnaud, Cécile, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Trade-offs, agroecology, Role-playing game, Participatory approaches, Process (engineering), media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversité et Ecologie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Geography, Planning and Development, lcsh:TJ807-830, 0211 other engineering and technologies, lcsh:Renewable energy sources, 02 engineering and technology, Ingénierie de l'environnement, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Agroecology, Environmental planning, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, lcsh:GE1-350, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Social learning, Corporate governance, Abandonment (legal), lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants, 021107 urban & regional planning, 15. Life on land, Interdependence, social learning, lcsh:TD194-195, trade-offs, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, participatory approaches, business, ecosystem services, role-playing game
Abstract: A key challenge in the management of ecosystem services involves weighing up the trade-offs between these ecosystem services and who benefits from them. In mountainous zones, new trade-offs between ecosystem services emerge due to shifts in farming practices and their consequences on the landscapes (land abandonment and intensification), which is a source of debate and controversy between local stakeholders. To help stakeholders tackle the challenge of decision-making around trade-offs, this study tested the use of a role-playing game based on the concept of ecosystem services to facilitate the process through social learning. The game SECOLOZ was designed in cooperation with local stakeholders to explore the impacts of three farming practices (rock removal, ploughing of meadow, and pasturing) on trade-offs among ecosystem services. The game was played with various local stakeholders in the Mont Loz&egrave, re, France. We found that this experience increased awareness of interdependencies, encouraged mutual understanding, improved the ability to deal with uncertainties, and fostered the exploration of innovative methods of governance. The outcomes confirm that the ecosystem service concept can be successfully used in a role-playing game process and that it significantly contributes to social learning.
Published: 2019

39. Integrative Science to Achieve Long-Term Impact in Conservation: The Use of Participatory Mapping to Improve Trans-disciplinarity

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Alain Sandoz, Lisa Ernoul, Loïc Willm, Olivier Boutron, Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecology, lcsh:Evolution, socio-cultural values, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Participatory mapping, Term (time), 010601 ecology, participatory mapping, Biodiversity conservation, lcsh:QH540-549.5, lcsh:QH359-425, integrative science, biodiversity conservation, lcsh:Ecology, Sociology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, spatial planning, Environmental planning, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Spatial planning, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

40. A Conceptual Framework for Heuristic Progress in Exploring Management Regime Shifts in Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change Adaptation of Coastal Areas

Author: Chloé Guerbois, John M. Anderies, Laurence Nicolas, Raphaël Mathevet, Veronica Mitroi, Aurélien Allouche, Christo Fabricius, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RESSOURCE, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: management regime, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Formalism (philosophy), media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:TJ807-830, Geography, Planning and Development, lcsh:Renewable energy sources, Camargue, adaptation, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, biosphere reserves, IAD framework, Political science, Ecological modernization, Institutional analysis, Social conflict, 14. Life underwater, ontology, Danube, Function (engineering), Adaptation (computer science), Environmental planning, social–ecological system, lcsh:Environmental sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, lcsh:GE1-350, Garden Route, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, lcsh:TD194-195, Conceptual framework, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Ontology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Social conflicts related to biodiversity conservation and adaptation policy to climate change in coastal areas illustrate the need to reinforce understanding of the &ldquo, matters of concern&rdquo, as well as the &ldquo, matters of fact&rdquo, In this paper, we argue that we must rethink adaptation from a new perspective, considering that humans together function as both ecological actors and social actors. Using international examples from the UNESCO world biosphere reserve network, we show that an ontological perspective may provide a simple and compact way to think about coupled infrastructure systems and systematic formalism, allowing for understanding of the relational matrix between actors, institutions and ecosystems. We contend that our formalism responds to three challenges. First, it encompasses the different regional contexts and policies that rely on the same ontology. Second, it provides a method to relate any local adaptation plan to the conservation paradigms that originate from the ecological modernization of policies. Third, it facilitates the discovery of drivers and processes involved in adaptation and management regime shifts by highlighting the way contextual factors configure, determine the structure of the action situation of the Institutional Analysis and Development framework (IAD) (Ostrom 2005), and how it operates.
Published: 2018

41. Beyond segregative or integrative models for protected areas: a case study of French nature reserves

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Livio Casella-Colombeau, Clara Therville, and Frédéric Bioret
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Nature reserve, IUCN protected area categories, business.industry, Institutionalisation, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental resource management, Law enforcement, Distribution (economics), 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Environmental education, Business, Protected area, Function (engineering), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Water Science and Technology, media_common
Abstract: SUMMARYInitially conceived as human-exclusion zones (the segregative model), protected areas are more and more often established within a management framework that integrates conservation and development projects with multiple partnerships and encourages engagement with local stakeholders (the integrative model). In this study, we investigated the conservation attitudes and practices of management staff in the network of nature reserves (NRs) in France. We found that conservation practices, such as law enforcement, habitat management, environmental education and partnerships, and the socio–cultural and psychological profiles of their managers show a wide distribution along a segregative to integrative gradient. Our results indicate that while the policy of these protected areas is still structured by a segregative cliché, in practice, many managers implement a more integrated approach. This coexistence of the two approaches reflects a general pattern of evolution of nature protection thought and the institutionalization of NRs, as well as demonstrating the adaptation of NRs to their local contexts and how they function, within the surrounding landscape, as a single but complex social–ecological system.
Published: 2016

42. Report of the EuroMAB Conference 2017, Building a sustainable future together, Dordogne Basin Biosphere Reserve, Sarlat-la-Canéda, (France), 4–7 April 2017

Author: Petr Cupa, Günter Köck, Marja Spierenburg, Vanja Debevec, and Raphaël Mathevet
Subjects: Sustainable development, lcsh:GE1-350, Ecology, Member states, Biosphere, lcsh:G1-922, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Structural basin, Economy, Environmental protection, Political science, Anthropology and Development Studies, lcsh:Environmental sciences, lcsh:Geography (General), Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 174239.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) The EuroMAB Network includes all European and North-American member states which participate in UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme and its World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR). EuroMAB is the largest and oldest of the nine regional and inter-regional MAB Networks. It is made up of 36 countries, including Canada and the USA, and includes 302 biosphere reserves (BRs). Bringing together almost half of the total WNBR sites, the EuroMAB Network is a platform for sharing knowledge, know-how and experience of sustainable development, as well as a collective tool for supporting sustainable development practices among BR coordinators, scientists and MAB National Committees. Since the first meeting in 1986 in Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic, the MAB National Committees and BR coordinators of EuroMAB have met nearly every two years. EuroMAB conferences have been held in Minsk, Belarus (1997), Cambridge, UK (2000), Rome, Italy (2002), Hernstein, Austria (2005), Antalya, Turkey (2007), Stará Lesná, Slovakia (2009), Lundsbrunn, Sweden (2011), Brockeville, Canada (2013), and Haapsalu, Estonia (2015). EuroMAB meetings are dedicated to bringing together BR managers, coordinators, scientists and representatives of UNESCO's MAB Secretariat, MAB National Committees and partner institutions / associations. 3 p.
Published: 2017

43. Participatory mapping: Exploring landscape values associated with an iconic species

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Loïc Willm, Angela Wardell-Johnson, Arnaud Béchet, Lisa Ernoul, Alain Sandoz, Olivier Boutron, Stephan Arnassant, Institut de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Biodiversity, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Wilderness, Spatial analysis, Recreation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, biology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Biosphere, 021107 urban & regional planning, Forestry, Concurrence, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Biodiversity hotspot, Geography, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Greater flamingo, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract: Participatory mapping provides a way to collate a wide range of landscape values providing a visual representation to inform conservation planning. We tested the use of an iconic species, the Greater Flamingo, as a lens for participatory mapping to render explicit the socio-cultural values attributed in a landscape. Spatial information on six landscape values in a biodiversity hotspot, the Camargue Biosphere Reserve (southern France) was collected from 113 participants through surveys, interviews and workshops. This data was geo-located through a SoftGIS methodology to map and quantify the overlap of bivariate hotspots identifying value concurrence. The most frequent values recorded through total number of polygons and surface areas were wilderness and recreation. The least frequently mapped values were economic loss and biodiversity. There was frequent concurrence between biodiversity and aesthetic values especially in wetlands (lagoons, salt flats and sea). There was also frequent concurrence between biodiversity and recreational values with more overlap in sites with easy access (along roads and public areas). Our results show that using an iconic species is an effective way to render explicit spatial variations in the values attributed to a landscape and to identify concurrence of values, thus enabling integration of multiple landscape values in conservation planning.
Published: 2018

44. Content analysis of newspaper coverage of wolf recolonization in France using structural topic modeling

Author: Agnès Steuckardt, Raphaël Mathevet, Sascha Diwersy, Olivier Gimenez, Marie Chandelier, Praxiling UMR 5267 (Praxiling), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Universität zu Köln, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Praxiling (Praxiling), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Topic model, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, media_common.quotation_subject, 010501 environmental sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Newspaper, Framing (social sciences), Geography, Content analysis, Perception, Ecological psychology, Regional science, Carnivore, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Dissemination, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common
Abstract: Populations of large carnivores are recovering in Europe and incur increasing conflict interactions with human activities. According to the agenda-setting theory, the media dissemination of information on these interactions is likely to contribute to shaping public perceptions of large carnivores. We conducted a content analysis of printed media coverage of wolf recovery in France over the period 1993–2014, ever since its natural return to southeast France. To do so, we used a recently developed statistical method – structural topic modeling – that allows to generate topics from large amount of texts and formulate new or assess existing hypotheses. This method formally includes covariates to explain variation in topic prevalence and content in a way that is similar to standard regression analyses. We contrasted content variation between articles in a regional (Nice-Matin; N = 742) and a national (Le Monde; N = 148) newspaper and analyzed time trends in topic prevalence. The most represented topics were mainly related to the management issues regarding wolf recovery. We found that Le Monde represented management issues in a generic manner associated with a perspective centred on carnivore species. In contrast, articles in Nice-Matin were about factual issues and associated with a human-centred viewpoint. This contrasted framing emphasizes the gap in representations of wolf management between citizens who directly interact with the wolf and favor detailed information content, centred on human views, and citizens who do not interact or only indirectly with the wolf who will focus on less detailed news, with a more ecological approach. We suggest that increased communication between local and national stakeholders and institutions could provide the context for a more balanced media content of interactions between carnivore species and human activities. This combination could attenuate the gap between regional and national representations.
Published: 2018

45. Navigating protected areas as social-ecological systems: integration pathways of French nature reserves

Author: Martine Antona, Clara Therville, Raphaël Mathevet, Frédéric Bioret, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Réserves Naturelles de France, Institut de Géoarchitecture, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, E50 - Sociologie rurale et sécurité sociale, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), gestion des ressources naturelles, Ecological systems theory, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Conservation des ressources, Réserve naturelle, Politique de l'environnement, Adaptation (computer science), media_common, Nature reserve, Global and Planetary Change, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Sociologie rurale, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 010601 ecology, Protection de l'environnement, Scale (social sciences), Zone protegée, Business, Psychological resilience, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Biodiversité, Protected area, Management by objectives
Abstract: On a global scale, protected areas (PAs) are one of the main tools used for biodiversity conservation. However, accelerated biodiversity loss and lack of social acceptance of PAs call into question their ability to reach long-term biodiversity conservation objectives. To address this, conservation scientists and practitioners have moved from segregative to integrative models of PAs. When the segregative model sees PAs as human exclusion zones, the integrative model considers conservation and development projects and multiple partnerships with local stakeholders within and outside PAs. Given this paradigmatic evolution, a PA and its surrounding landscape are increasingly regarded as a single social-ecological system (SES). This development brings new challenges for conservationists: How should these complex and dynamic systems be managed, and how can their pathways be described and piloted? Using French nature reserves (NRs) as case studies, we propose a framework for analyzing the integration pathways of PAs within their social-ecological context. We identified the pathways of 10 NRs according to their degree of integration in the surrounding landscape (spatial), their management objectives (sectoral), and their governance systems (institutional). We analyzed these pathways using three metaphors associated with resilience thinking (adaptive cycle, adaptation, and transformation). We discussed how these 10 NRs have changed over time, revealing how practitioners anticipate future pathways and avoid undesirable states. Through an exploration of the totality of an SES’s spatial, sectoral, and institutional pathways, the framework we propose is a potential tool for identifying opportunities and constraints for long-term conservation actions.
Published: 2018

46. Ecosystem services, social interdependencies, and collective action: a conceptual framework

Author: Cécile Barnaud, Roldan Muradian, Clélia Sirami, Victoria Reyes-García, Nicolas Salliou, Catherine Cibien, Aude Vialatte, Clémence Moreau, Marc Deconchat, Raphaël Mathevet, Roser Maneja, Esteve Corbera, Nicolas Dendoncker, Martine Antona, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Martí Boada, Stephan Garnier, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Zoology Department, Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 - UFR d'Odontologie (UR1 Odontologie), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), INRA-IRGM, Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Rennes - UFR d'Odontologie (UR Odontologie), Université de Rennes (UR), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Namur [Namur], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (Cirad-Es-UPR 47 GREEN), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: territorial management, Knowledge management, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, agroécologie, 010501 environmental sciences, Collective action, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, agroecological transition, Région d'altitude, multistakeholder approach, Sociology, Biology (General), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QH540-549.5, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Ecology, Corporate governance, Agrarian society, E11 - Economie et politique foncières, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, rural landscapes, QH301-705.5, media_common.quotation_subject, Participatory action research, concerted ecosystem service management, actionable framework, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, participatory action research, business.industry, 15. Life on land, services écosystémiques, Interdependence, Framing (social sciences), Conceptual framework, approches participatives, processus multipartites, Environnement et Société, business
Abstract: International audience; The governance of ecosystem services (ES) has been predominantly thought of in terms of market or state-based instruments. Comparatively, collective action mechanisms have rarely been considered. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a conceptual framework that brings together ES, social interdependencies, and collective action thinking. We use an ES conceptual lens to highlight social interdependencies among people so as to reflect on existing or potential collective actions among them. This framework can also contribute to increasing people’s awareness of their mutual interdependencies and thereby fostering, framing, or enriching collective action, in ways that take into account the diversity and complexity of ecological processes underlying human activities. Our approach can contribute in particular to agroecological transitions that require landscape level innovations and coordination mechanisms among land users and managers. The framework distinguishes three types of social interdependencies: (i) between ES beneficiaries and ES providers, (ii) among beneficiaries, and (iii) among providers. These social interdependencies are in turn analyzed according to four main dimensions that are critical for collective action: (i) cognitive framing of interdependencies, (ii) levels of organization, (iii) formal and informal institutions, and (iv) power relations. Finally, we propose a strategy to turn this framework into action in contexts of participatory action research, a strategy grounded on a number of methodological principles and tools that convey complexity and increase people’s awareness of interdependencies in agrarian social-ecological systems.
Published: 2018

47. Environmental Stewardship and Ecological Solidarity: Rethinking Social-Ecological Interdependency and Responsibility

Author: Raphaël Larrère, Catherine Larrère, Raphaël Mathevet, François Bousquet, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Français de Pondichéry, Languedoc Roussillon Universités (COMUE), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Dept Sci Sociales Agr & Alimentat Espace & Enviro, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, History, Écologie, F40 - Écologie végétale, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental stewardship, environmental ethics, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, socio-ecosytem, Political science, Environmental Chemistry, solidarity, E50 - Sociologie rurale, Durabilité, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, Ecology, Corporate governance, Sustainability science, 15. Life on land, sustainability, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Solidarity, Environnement, Interdependence, 13. Climate action, Conservation de la diversité biologique, Sociologie, Sustainability, Stewardship, Ideology, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, L20 - Écologie animale, biodiversity conservation, Éthique, Écosystème
Abstract: This paper explores and discusses the various meanings of the stewardship concept in the field of sustainability science. We highlight the increasing differences between alternative approaches to stewardship and propose a typology to enable scientists and practitioners to more precisely identify the basis and objectives of the concept of stewardship. We first present the two dimensions we used to map the diversity of stances concerning stewardship. Second, we analyse these positions in relation to the limits of the systemic approach, ideological manipulation, responsibility, and solidarity. In the final section we explain how the concept of ecological solidarity, a core principal in recent French law on biodiversity conservation and national park governance can contribute to the underpinning of a specific form of social-ecological stewardship.
Published: 2018

48. Nuisibles d’hier et d’aujourd’hui

Author: Raphaël Mathevet, Anthony Olivier, and Arnaud Béchet
Published: 2018

49. The concept of stewardship in sustainability science and conservation biology

Author: François Bousquet, Christopher M. Raymond, Raphaël Mathevet, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (Cirad-Es-UPR 47 GREEN), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), Enviroconnect, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestion des ressources renouvelables et environnement (UPR GREEN), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Social-ecological system, Ecology (disciplines), Context (language use), gestion des ressources naturelles, 010501 environmental sciences, Biodiversity conservation, Aménagement du territoire, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Conservation des ressources, Sustainable development, Stewardship, Politique de l'environnement, Natural resource management, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Sustainability science, Environmental ethics, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Environmental discourse, Transformative learning, Political ideology, 13. Climate action, Conservation de la diversité biologique, Sustainability, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Biodiversité, Conservation biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract: International audience; This paper focuses on the development and meaning of the stewardship concept in the current environmental science, ecology and biodiversity conservation literature. Stewardship broadly refers to a form of collaborative planning and responsible management of the environment through sustainable natural resource management practices that respect ecosystem functions. The objective of this paper is to discuss the various meanings of stewardship in the fields of environmental science and biodiversity conservation. Our main interest is to explore how different political ideologies and ethical values of stewardship shape the conceptualisation of conservation actions and policies, and why do these matter for conservation policy in the context of the new conservation debate. To address this objective we adapted the political science framework developed by Dryzek (2013) and applied it to existing stewardship approaches in use. Based on two dimensions (reformist vs radical and imaginative vs prosaic) we identified 4 main types of stewardship: reformist, adaptive, sustainability and transformative stewardship. The key distinctions between stewardship types are (i) the role of science, (ii) the exploration and integration of the plurality of values, and (iii) the capacity to modify values, rules and decision-making system. We conclude with a discussion on the consequences of these results and present future directions for both research and conservation policy.
Published: 2018

50. 26. Conflits d'usages et solidarités écologiques : vers l'intendance environnementale des territoires

Author: Jacques Lepart, Bérengère Merlot, and Raphaël Mathevet
Published: 2017

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