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The RSF complex belongs to the ISWI chromatin‐remodeling family and is composed of two subunits: RSF1 (remodeling and spacing factor 1) and SNF2h (sucrose nonfermenting protein 2 homolog). The RSF complex participates in nucleosome spacing and assembly, and subsequently promotes nucleosome maturation. Although SNF2h has been extensively studied in the last few years, the structural and functional properties of the remodeler RSF1 still remain vague. Here, a cryo‐EM structure of the RSF–nucleosome complex is reported. The 3D model shows a two‐lobe architecture of RSF, and the structure of the RSF–nucleosome (flanked with linker DNA) complex shows that the RSF complex moves the DNA away from the histone octamer surface at the DNA‐entry point. Additionally, a nucleosome‐sliding assay and a restriction‐enzyme accessibility assay show that the RSF1 subunit may cause changes in the chromatin‐remodeling properties of SNF2h. As a 'nucleosome ruler', the results of an RSF–dinucleosome binding affinity test led to the proposal that the critical distance that RSF 'measures' between two nucleosomes is about 24 base pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Summary: In this paper, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to find optimum size of the photovoltaic (PV) array and energy storage unit (ESU) for PV grid‐connected charging system (in office workplace) for electric vehicles (EV). It is designed in such a way that the EVs are charged at a fixed price (rather than time‐of‐use price) without incurring economic losses to the station owner. The simulation is modeled using the single diode model (for PV) and the state of charge of Li‐ion battery (for ESU and EV). The objective function of the PSO is formulated based on a financial model that comprises of the grid tariff, EV demand, and the purchasing as well as selling prices of the energy from PV and ESU. By integrating the financial model with energy management algorithm (EMA), the PSO computes the minimum number of PV modules (Npv) and ESU batteries (Nbat) for a various number of vehicles and office holidays. The resiliency of the proposed system is validated under different weather conditions, EV fleet, parity levels, energy prices, and operating period. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed system is compared with the standard grid charging system. The results suggest that with the computed Npv and Nbat, the charging price is decreased by approximately 16%, while the EV charging burden on the grid is reduced by 94% to 99%. It is envisaged that this work provides the guidance for the installers to precisely determine the optimum size of the components prior to the physical construction of the charging station. Methodology for modeling of PV‐ESU grid‐based EV charging system is described.Main features of existing popular system sizing techniques are compared.An energy management algorithm (EMA) is developed to control the charging system.Optimum sizes of PV modules and ESU batteries are determined by means of PSO.Proposed system is benchmarked against the standard grid charging system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Research (2307-1877) is the property of Kuwait University, Academic Publication Council and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Prescription writing is a science and an art, as it conveys the message from the prescriber to the dispenser. The aim of study is screening of the prescriptions written by physicians in Duhok. This study was carried out in private outpatient clinics (four medical centers) in Duhok city. A cross sectional study was carried out from October 1, 2013 through April 30, 2014. Using convenience sampling method, 516 prescriptions were collected from the selected health facilities and examined. Comparisons were made between the health facilities. The prescriber name was present on 100% of the prescriptions and the prescriber address was present on 100% of the prescriptions but only 61.63% contained the registration numbers. The name of the patient was present on 96.32% of the prescriptions, whereas the patient's age and sex were mentioned in only 46.90% and 5.43% of the prescriptions, respectively. The date of the prescription was provided on 89.73% of the prescriptions. The generic drug name was present only in 18.25% the trade name in 40.74% and commercial name in 38.69% of the prescriptions. In 4.91% of prescriptions the drug name was written in wrong spelling and in 4.25% the drug name cannot be read, while 48.06% of prescriptions contain the company advertisements. It was concluded that the majority of prescriptions in Duhok city were not ideal, the majority of doctors write incomplete prescriptions and many drugs are given to patients wrongly. Some doctors make their benefits from pharmaceutical companies superior to the patients care. Many workshops in prescription writing are required for physicians and pharmacists in Duhok. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]