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Background & Aim: Recently, the current behavioral approach in nursing education has been critiqued by many nurse authors and leaders. One of the important reasons for this critique is that while caring is the core and the nature of nursing, teaching caring in nursing education has been overlooked. This article aims to propose an approach to integrating caring in nursing education curriculum through a comprehensive review of the related literature and exploration of the historical background of nursing education. Material & Methods : A comprehensive review of literature was performed in databases of IranMedex, Irandoc, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ERIC, ProQuest and Ovid by keywords of clinical scholar model, critical- explanatory model and ethical care in education during 1950- 2011. Results: The review indicated that the traditional and behavioral nature of nursing education has not been able to create caring behaviors in nursing students. The curriculum proposed by nursing scholars incorporates ethics of care in nursing education and changes the relationship between student and teacher while it improves innovation and caring elements. It also teaches students to see from others' perspective as a requirement for nurse-client relationship. Conclusion: Caring curriculum by challenging the behavioral approach to nursing education emphasizes on caring concept and its integration into nursing education, nursing service and nursing administration.

In this study, the effect of vine training system and storage time were evaluated on some grape characteristics, such as berry contamination percentage, berry shedding percentage, berry browning rate, titratable acidity, soluble solids, total phenol and the activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia -lyase enzymes, in order to maintain the quality of grape during storage time. Factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with two factors of vine training system (Khazandeh, pergola and cordon) and storage time (zero, 20, 40 and 60 days after storage) with three replications during 2018 -2019. After transferring the fruits to the cold storage with temperature of +4 ◦C, relative humidity of 85 -90% and storage for two months, some characteristics of grape were examined on different days after storage. The results showed that the level of contamination of the berry increased over time, and during the storage period, the lowest level of contamination (13.706%) was related to the cordon training system. Also, after 60 days of storage, the lowest percentage of berry drop (27.535%) was observed in the fruits harvested from the cordon training system. The amount of berry browning after 60 days of storage was significantly higher than other times. The highest amount of TSS (26.182 degrees Brix) was related to the Khazandeh training system in 40 days after storage, however, a significant decrease in the value of this index was observed during 60 days after storage. The results showed that the amount of phenol increased until the end of the storage period, and the maximum amount of phenol in all three training systems was significantly higher than other days in 60 days after storage. The level of peroxidase enzyme activity in the Khazandeh training system reached its highest level at 20 days after storage, while in the other two training systems, it was significantly higher than the other days at 40 days after storage. Also, the activity of polyphenol oxidase enzyme reached its maximum level in 40 days after storage in Khazandeh and pergola training systems and then decreased. While in cordon training system, the highest activity of this enzyme was observed after 60 days of storage. The activity of phenylalanine ammonia -lyase enzyme increased during the storage period, and 60 days after storage, the highest activity of this enzyme was related to the pergola training system. In general, the results showed that the cordon training system had the best effect in maintaining the characteristics of grape during the storage period compared to other training methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Colon surgery is one of the important operations in the abdominal area, but according to the type and conditions of surgery and clinical conditions, they can have different results and complications. The aim of this study is to determine the complications and related factors in patients who underwent colon anastomosis in emergency and elective surgery. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 70 patients over 18 years of age and in need of colon anastomosis, who visited Kowsar Hospital in Sanandaj in 2017-2020, were examined in both emergency and elective groups. The patients were examined for complications such as bleeding, abscess, anastomotic leak, partial obstruction, fistula, and death, and the patients were followed up for six months, and if any of the complications occurred, the patient was hospitalized and examined further. Findings: The patients of the two groups did not have statistically significant differences in terms of demographic variables of age and gender, and surgery time. The highest frequency of the cause of surgery in the emergency group was volvulus in 10 cases (28.7%) and in the elective group was colon cancer in 26 cases (74.3%); in this regard, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.001). The most common anastomosis site in the emergency group was the descending colon region (13 [37.1%]) and in the elective group was the ascending colon region (14 [40%]). The most common complications during and after anastomosis surgery include bleeding, infection, anastomosis leak and death, and the death rate in the emergency group was 7 people. The most common cause of death was peritonitis with 3 cases, followed by cardiorespiratory failure, embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation and COVID-19 with peritonitis, with 1 case each. The history of hypertension and intraoperative bleeding had a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of colon anastomosis complications in both study groups (p=0.01). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the incidence of anastomosis complications is higher in the emergency group, including increased intraoperative bleeding, and in emergency situations, the decision to perform primary anastomosis should be made according to the patient's clinical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This research was conducted with the aim of comparing schema and cognitive behavioral therapy on the cognitive regulation of emotions in girls adolescent of divorced. Methods: The research was semi-experimental and repeated measurement type with a control group. The statistical population was all adolescent girls from divorced families, who were between the ages of 13 and 15 in Isfahan. A statistical sampl of 45 girls who were randomly assigned to the experimental group of schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy and control. experimental groups received group counseling schema and cognitive behavioral therapy for 20 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training. The instrument used was the 36-question cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Granofsky, Kraij and Spinhaven, 2002) (CERQ). In order to compare the test averages in each stage, was used of the method analysis of variance with repeated measurements and follow-up tests. Results: The results of the analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed experimental groups of schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy created a significant increase in the cognitive regulation of emotion (p<0.01). And these results remained in the two-month follow-up (p<0.01). The comparison between the two experimental groups showed that schema therapy is more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy in the cognitive regulation of emotion in both post-test (p<0.05) and follow-up (p<0.01) stages. Conclusion: Based on this study, therapists in the field of children and adolescents are suggested to use schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for emotional diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this study was to provide a method for accurately identifying the position of cucumber fruit in digital images of the greenhouse cucumber plant. After balancing the brightness histogram of the desired image, it multiplies the image with a window containing the image of a cucumber fruit, which causes larger coefficients to be obtained in areas with suspected cucumber. By extracting these local maximums, clusters of initial points are obtained as possible windows of cucumber existence. Then, in order to accurately detect the location of the cucumbers, these points and areas around them are referred to a neural network that has been trained using a number of images including cucumber images, non-cucumber images and their optimal responses. The proposed method was implemented in the Simulink toolbox of MATLAB software. The proposed method was then simulated using this network structure and tested on 120 images obtained from a greenhouse by a digital camera. The areas obtained from this network led to the accurate detection of the location of the cucumbers in the image. The proposed method was then simulated and tested on 120 images. The proposed method had a low error and was able to detect high levels of cucumber fruit in the images. This detection took an average of 5.12 seconds for each image. The accuracy of the network in correctly identifying the position of the cucumber fruit in the images was 95.3%. This method had low error and was able to detect a high rate at a good time of cucumber fruits in discover images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer treatment often causes adverse effects and toxicity, as chemotherapy drugs affect both cancerous and healthy cells. Scientists seek to target tumor cells specifically and minimize harm to normal cells. Smart nanoparticles (NPs) are a modern technique that can release drugs when triggered by internal or external stimuli, such as temperature, pH, ultrasound, etc. This review covers stimuli-responsive micelle-based nanoparticles (SRM-NPs), a promising drug delivery platform that can enhance drug efficacy and reduce toxicity. It discusses the recent developments and applications of SRM-NPs, their responsiveness to different stimuli, and their potential to overcome drug resistance and adaptive responses. It also addresses the challenges and issues related to their stability, reproducibility, biocompatibility, safety, and optimization. The study concludes that SRM-NPs have great potential for drug delivery, but more research and development are needed to improve their clinical utility.

In this paper, nonlinear identification of the excitation system (EXS) in the gas unit #2 of Rajaee power plant in Iran is presented. Two methods of modeling, i.e., grey-box and black-box modeling are used and compared. In the grey-box (classical) approach, first a block-diagram for the EXS is suggested, then a test procedure for identification of its parameters is outlined. The input-output data corresponding to each block of the system is obtained through field tests. In this approach, the only nonlinearities considered in the block diagram are the limits. The other nonlinearities are reflected in the change of parameters in the linear transfer functions at different operating conditions. In the black-box approach, identification of the system is carried out using discrete wavelet transform. A variable structure wavelet was tried to cope with system changes at different operating conditions, but a wavelet with fixed number of scaling functions or wavelet functions proved to be quite adequate. The simulation results and their comparison, show the good accuracy of both derived models. Although the model obtained through the black-box approach shows a better fit when its output is compared with the measured variables, the model obtained through the grey-box approach reflects the physical properties of the system and may be more useful for power engineers. Index Terms--Brushless machines, nonlinear systems, parameter estimation, wavelet transforms.

In this study, the effects of infrared (IR) dryer system parameters such as IR power, the distance of mucilage from lamp surface, mucilage thickness on drying kinetics and, color indexes (L*, a*, b* and ΔE) of wild sage seed mucilage (WSSM) were investigated in an IR dryer system. Experimental moisture ratio (MR) data were fitted to 7 various empirical thin-layer models. It was found that the Page model has the best fit to show the kinetic behavior and acceptably described the IR drying behavior of WSSM with the lowest mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and standard error (SE) values and the highest correlation coefficient (r) value. The values of MSE, RMSE, and MAE for all experiments were in the range of 0.1×10-3 -1.1×10-3, 1.04×10-2 -3.25×10-2 and 8.7×10-3 -27.1×10-3, respectively. The average effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) increased from 4.61×10-9 m 2 s -1 to 15.8×10-9 m ² s -1 with increasing lamp power from 150 W to 375 W, while it was decreased from 14.4×10-9 m 2 s -1 to 5.16×10-9 m 2 s -1 and 13.2×10-9 m ² s -1 to 4.31×10- 9 m ² s -1 with increasing the distance of mucilage from 4 to 12 cm and the reduction of mucilage thickness from 1.5 to 0.5 cm, respectively. Increasing in IR radiation power has a positive influence on the yellowness (increasing 19.78% in b* index) of dried WSSM. Also, it increased the color changes index (ΔE) from 16.05 to 17.59. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]