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Two methods are described for the simultaneous determination of Atorvastatin calcium and Ezetimibe in binary mixture. The first method was based on UV-spectrophotometric determination of two drugs, using simultaneous equation method. It involves absorbance measurement at 232.5 nm ( l max of Ezetimibe) and 246.0 nm ( l max of Atorvastatin calcium) in methanol; linearity was obtained in the range of 5 – 25 m g .mL -1 for both the drugs. The second method was based on HPLC separation of the two drugs in reverse phase mode using Luna C 18 column. Linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 8-22 m g .mL -1 for both the drugs. Both these methods have been successively applied to pharmaceutical formulation and were validated according to ICH guidelines.

The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of pH and concentration of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the solubility of carvedilol as it shows pH-dependent solubility. The equilibrium solubility of carvedilol in a series of solutions of varying pH (from 1.2 to 11) was determined and compared with the equilibrium solubility of carvedilol in the presence of 20% hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin at same pH values. It was observed that solubility of protonated form is more than neutral molecule. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin resulted in increased solubility at all the pH. But inclusion in the cavity of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin might depend upon charge state of the molecule. So it can be concluded that solubility of carvedilol, can be increased either by the addition of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin or by adding pH lowering agents. But both these methods if are to be used together, pH should be selected carefully.

A simple and mild method for the conversion of varieties of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to the corresponding bromoalkenes using diacetoxyiodobenzene (IBD) in combination with tetraethyl-ammonium bromide (TEAB) at room temperature is discussed. Advantages of this system are short reaction time, easy work up and gave good to excellent yields.

Purpose: Hydroxy propylated &#946 cyclodextrin (HP-&#946-CD) has been used to improve the aqueous solubility of a variety of pharmacological compounds. Through the complexation of HP-&#946-CD, it is possible to enhance the water solubility and hence the drug bioavailability after oral administration. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of pH and concentration of HP-&#946-CD on the solubility of gliclazide as it shows pH dependent solubility and stability. Method: The equilibrium solubility of gliclazide in a series of solutions of varying pH (from 1.2 to 11) was determined and compared with the equilibrium solubility of gliclazide in the presence of 20% HP- &#946-CD at same pH values. Result: As the pH increases from 9.2 to 11 its solubility relatively constant (3.5 μg/ml ± 0.5). Addition of 20% HP- -CD increased the solubility to about 9 times at pH 1.2 and 4; 15 times at pH 6.8; 40 times at pH 7.4; 58 times at pH 9.2 and 67 times at pH 11. It was observed that solubility of protonated form is more than neutral molecule. HP-&#946-CD resulted in increased solubility at all pH values. But inclusion of drug in the cavity of HP-&#946-CD might depend upon charged state of the molecule. Conclusion: The solubility of gliclazide can be increased either by the addition of HP-&#946-CD or by adding pH lowering agents. Keywords: pH, hydroxypropylated-&#946-cyclodextrin (HP-&#946-CD), gliclazide.

A simple and mild method for the conversion of varieties of alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids to the corresponding bromoalkenes using diacetoxyiodobenzene (IBD) in combination with tetraethyl-ammonium bromide (TEAB) at room temperature is discussed. Advantages of this system are short reaction time, easy work up and gave good to excellent yields.

This study has been carried out to find out the water pollutants and to test the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes in Dhule and surrounding areas in Maharashtra State in India. The analysis was carried out for the parameters pH, DO (dissolved oxygen), BOD (biological oxygen demand), Cl−, NO3−, F−, S 2 −, total alkalinity, total solid, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total hardness, calcium, magnesium, carbonate and noncarbonate hardness, and concentrations of calcium and magnesium. These parameters were compared against the standards laid down by World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for drinking water quality. High levels of NO 3 −, Cl−, F−, S 2 −, total solid, TDS, TSS, total hardness, magnesium and calcium have been found in the collected samples. From these observations, it has been found that fluoride is present as per the permissible limit (WHO 2003) in some of the villages studied, but both fluoride and nitrate levels are unacceptable in drinking water samples taken from several villages in Dhule. This is a serious problem and, therefore, requires immediate attention. Excess of theses impurities in water causes many diseases in plants and animals. This study has been carried out to find out the water pollutants and to test the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes in Dhule and surrounding areas in Maharashtra.

The aqueous extract of Cassia fistula bark (Bahava) and Costus speciosus (Pewda) were investigated separately for their anthelmintic activity using earthworms (Eisenia foetida) and tapeworms (Taenia saginata) as test animals. Various concentrations (10–50 mg/ml) of plant extracts were tested. Both the aqueous extracts possess vermicidal activity and found to be effective as anthelmintic..