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A greater mass of the population deals with water scarcity to meet their daily needs, and the limited source of water available is growing under threat due to over-abstraction, pollution, and climate change. Thus, proper governance of available water needs to be a high priority for the moment. For the effective use of the available water as well as for the forecast of flood events, thorough estimation and prediction of streamflow and runoff are required, particularly in the southern region of India, where predominantly non-perennial rivers are prevalent. For the effective use of the available water as well as for the forecast of flood events, thorough estimation and prediction of streamflow and runoff are required. As water discharge plays a significant role in defining stream parameters such as stream pattern, size, shape, etc., the study focuses on establishing an interconnection between model predictions based on input parameters and calibration and observed data available by the Central Water Commission (CWC). For the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model calibration, input parameters like the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of 30m resolution, MODIS Land Cover Type Product, soil map, and weather parameters are used. The total area derived concerning the outlet is divided into 5 sub- basins; the total study area is 4403228. 5598 acres, and the elevation varies from -7 to 1364 meters. By comparing the river flow forecast with the observed data for the period from 1980 to 2018, the model was calibrated and validated. The result can be further linked with river management and utilization planning by taking into account the flow prediction and the flood event that occurs during the NW monsoon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the world floods and droughts occur in everywhere. Main cause of these natural disasters is sudden change in climatic condition and precipitation patterns. Heavy rainfall in the area results flood and less or no rainfall result drought. So for managing the water resource rainfall variability analysis plays a vital role which used Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI). In this research 41 year long-term monthly precipitation data collected for the Kanchipuram district of Tamilnadu. PCI classified into 5 classes as annual, pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainfall. According to this study highest PCIannual is 32.41 which is recorded in the year 2015 and lowest PCIannual are 13.92 which are recorded in year 2013. The average 41 year PCIannual of the study area recorded as 19.16. According to the range and categories of PCIannual 39.02% of years are in SPID (Strong Irregularity of Precipitation Distribution) while 14.63% years are in MPD (Moderate Precipitation Distribution). Most years 46.34% are in IPD (Irregular Precipitation Distribution). Results of this research indicate that PCI is very useful to manage and developed the natural resources of the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The examination of the drainage system, including drainage density, land use/land cover analysis, slope characteristics, size, and surface morphological features, was conducted using satellite-based remote sensing techniques. This study focused on employing remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System) techniques to monitor morphometric parameters. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, with a resolution of 30 meters, was utilized to extract the morphometric parameters for the catchment area of Kanchipuram district. The analysis encompassed various morphometric parameters such as stream distance, stream order, number of streams, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, drainage frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, and form factor, among others. Additionally, slope aspects and contour data were derived from surface tools. A total of 53 morphometric parameters were monitored during this study, employing ArcGIS software for the computation of these parameters. The utilization of the application of remote sensing and GIS methods in this study offers valuable insights for the management of rainwater harvesting, watershed management, and drainage development. By accurately assessing the drainage network and morphometric characteristics, this study provides a foundation for informed decision-making and planning in these areas. The results of this research carry substantial consequences for the strategic development and administration of water resources. The identification of critical areas prone to flooding or water stagnation can inform the implementation of appropriate measures such as rainwater harvesting structures, drainage channels, or reservoirs. Watershed management initiatives can benefit from the understanding of the catchment's characteristics and the prioritization of conservation and restoration efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]