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The objective of this study is to introduce eco-literacy in early childhood and to look into the role of digital media in increasing children's awareness of eco-literacy in the era of society 5.0 on daily environmental issues. This study applied a literature review of various sources related to eco-literacy through digital media, especially YouTube as well as interviewing class teachers. The results showed that introducing eco-literacy to elementary school students can be accomplished by telling stories, watching videos, or organizing field trips. There are four important points in developing an eco-literacy attitude: developing empathy, joining the community, making observable things visible, and asking children not to cause environmental damage. In addition to digital activities, efforts to improve ecological literacy should be extended through programs and exchanges regarding the need of environmental protection the 5R (refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, and rot) approach. Further studies in the same topic on teaching eco-literacy to elementary school students can be carried out in a more intensive way through relevant games to instill a love of the environment based on 5R strategies.

The purpose of the current study is to reveal the reflections of the Köycegiz Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP) field trip planned within the context of the unit "Domestic Waste and Recycling" and the activities carried out concerning this trip on middle school students in Turkey. This research was conducted based on the semi-mixed method using a single-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The quantified data were collected using open-ended questions about domestic waste and recycling, while the qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Twenty-seven middle school students (17 females, 10 males) participated in the study selected by convenience sampling method. According to the study's quantitative findings, the field trip to the wastewater treatment plant made the students realize the wastes produced at home, recyclable materials, the importance of recycling, and the contributions of wastewater treatment plants to the country's economy and nature. On the other hand, the quantitative findings indicate that this trip helped the students develop more eco-centric behaviors (Protection of biodiversity, Protection of nature, and Protection of resources, etc.). Moreover, the contributions made by the field trip structured within environmental education to the students could be gathered under the following headings: sustainability, personal, and cognitive.

This study aims to investigate environmentally responsible and sustainable development of 56 pre-service teachers which relevant to framework of sustainable development goals. The qualitative data were collected and analyzed by summarizing general perspectives. The 9 concepts were found and reported. The ways to sustain environments and education students to reach sustainable development can be done by reduce, reuse, recycle; conserve water; save energy; sustainable transportation; grow trees and keep open areas green; waste management; support eco-friendly products; reduce carbon footprint; and conserve biodiversity. These frameworks and perspectives should be incorporated in education and classroom in action.

The aim of this research is to develop a scale for determining pre-service teachers' attitudes towards recycling. The research was carried out using a quantitative research design. The research was carried out in the education faculties of two state universities located in the east and west of Türkiye. 284 pre-service teachers (62 males, 222 females) who were selected by the easily accessible sampling method participated in the research. During the scale development process, an item pool consisting of 56 statements was created. The draft scale, which was prepared after the expert opinion, was applied to the pre-service teachers. After validity and reliability analysis, three factors with 32 items were obtained, which explained 42.456% of the total variance. The factors were named "Responsibility and Behavior," "Consciousness and Awareness," and "Economic Value", respectively. The Cronbach"s Alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.893 for the "Responsibility and Behavior" factor, 0.785 for the "Consciousness and Awareness" factor, and 0.801 for the "Economic Value" factor. In addition, Cronbach's Alpha was calculated as 0.884 for the overall scale. According to the findings, it can be said that this scale developed in the research is sufficient in terms of validity and reliability. However, in future studies, similar scales with confirmatory factor analysis can be developed and applied to large samples to examine participants' attitudes toward recycling.

The goal of this study is to create the Zero Waste Attitude Scale, which will be used to determine the zero-waste attitude of social studies teacher candidates and to conduct validity and reliability studies. The data for the study were collected with a 5-point Likert-type form from pre-service teachers studying in the social studies teaching department of some universities in Türkiye. Explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability studies were performed on the collected data. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega methods were used for reliability analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the scale consisted of 27 items and 3 factors. In total, the factors explained 50.09% of the common variance. As a result of the analysis, the fit index values of the scale [chi-square]/sd =1.96, RMSEA=0.06, PGFI=0.70, GFI=0.85, RMR=0.08, SRMR=0.06, NFI=0.95, AGFI=0.81, PNFI=0.84, CFI=0.97, RFI=0.94, NNFI=0.97, IFI=0.97, while GFI, RMR, AGFI, SRMR, and RFI values correspond to acceptable fit; [chi-square]/sd, RMSEA, IFI, NFI, NNFI , PGFI, PNFI, and CFI seem to correspond to a perfect fit. The reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.90 for both Cronbach Alpha and McDonald's Omega. The scores obtained from the scale are valid and reliable.

Artificial intelligence (AI) education has gained popularity, and educators are developing activities to enhance students' AI literacy and promote collaboration in problem-solving. While current approaches using simulations and games can improve students' AI knowledge, they may not adequately prepare them for higher-level cognitive tasks. Only a few studies have explored the use of maker education to develop students' AI literacy. This case study employed a mixed-method approach and integrated AI into maker education to enhance students' motivation, career interest, confidence, collaboration, and AI literacy across low to high cognitive domains. The study involved 35 secondary school students in an AI maker program, where AI-driven recycling bins were employed as a project-based learning intervention. The results demonstrated a positive impact on students' motivation, AI literacy, and collaboration. The study provides design principles and an instructional design framework to assist future educators in creating meaningful maker-based learning experiences in AI education. It highlights the potential of using maker education to enhance students' AI literacy and offers guidance to educators on developing effective AI maker activities. The article also discusses theoretical contributions and practical implications for future research.

As the sustainable fashion movement gains momentum, there is a growing need to introduce such concepts to the next generation of fashion designer. One approach to produce sustainable designs is upcycling, defined as the salvage and reuse of discarded or found items into new products. This study examines a pedagogical approach for engaging 2nd year undergraduate textile and fashion design students in sustainable fashion design practice. Working in groups, students are challenged to upcycle old clothing into a little black dress, using a keyword as direction for concept, design development, and garment construction techniques. To elevate value in post-consumer textile waste, it is necessary to develop high-quality contemporary design outcomes. This teaching approach aims to encourage the revaluation of recyclable resources, the exploration of the creative potential of fabric manipulation techniques, experimental design development, and professional production techniques. This is achieved through the implementation of a design brief that establishes original approaches to upcycling, contrary to the arbitrary processes that are typically used.

Addressing human-made environmental problems such as deforestation is an ongoing educational challenge. Promising educational approaches include cooperative decision-making and attempt via a high level of motivation to promote pro-environmental behaviors. Knowledge about the forest ecosystem, including its threats, is supposed to strengthen responsibilities and individual behavioral preferences. The "Save the Forests!" module engages students in hands-on learning activities under the frame of an educational Escape Game (Edu Breakout). Based on nine workstations, it includes various cooperative activities focusing on the forest ecosystem, its ecosystem services, and common tree species. Students realize advantages of recycling, gain insight into paper production and associated resource consumption, compare eco-labels for sustainable paper products, and reflect on consumer decisions. Additionally, the students learn about habitat situations after clear-cutting, forest fires, or storm damages (succession), including strategies for dealing with deadwood based on scientific data. Besides experiments and challenging tasks, students learn about the ecological footprint and greenwashing by clarifying often-used terms in sustainability contexts. In an accompanied quantitative study approach, students participating in the learning module significantly increased their knowledge scores in a pre-post comparison (n = 135, p < 0.001, d = 0.58).

The aim of this study is to examine the drawings of 5-6-year-old children attending preschool educational institutions regarding their perceptions of recycling. For this purpose, the pictures drawn by children who were administered recycling-themed drama activity and those who were not were examined. The study was designed in an experimental design with a control group. The content analysis method, one of the qualitative data collection methods, was used in the study. The data were collected by using the draw-narrate technique through the pictures drawn by the children. A total of 24 children aged 5-6 years, who were attending kindergartens in the 2022-2023 academic year, determined by convenience sampling method, participated in the study. After the drama activity on recycling was administered to 10 children in the first group, they were asked to draw pictures about recycling in the evaluation phase. The 13 children in the second group were asked what they thought of when they thought of recycling and were asked to draw pictures. The expressions of children describing the pictures they drew were noted. By using the content analysis method in the analysis of the data, children's perceptions of recycling were tried to be revealed. As a result of the research, the rate of recycling figures in the pictures of children who drew pictures related to recycling after the drama activity on recycling was found to be significantly high (90%) compared to the pictures containing figures related to recycling in the pictures drawn by children who did not have a drama activity on recycling (46,1%).

The research aimed 1) to study the need in developing learning materials with plastic recycling for primary school students in Central Thailand, 2) to develop learning materials with plastic recycling for primary school students in Central Thailand based on action learning of pre-service teachers and 3) to distill the lesson learned from developing learning materials with plastic recycling for primary school students in Central Thailand based on participatory action learning of pre-service teachers. Participatory Action Research (PAR) was used. The sample in the research consisted of (1) school administrators, teachers, staff of teachers, and student representatives, accounting for 30 people; 2) experts in learning management, accounting for 9 people; and 3) pre-service teachers, accounting for 100 people, coming with a total of 139 people. The instrument used in the research consisted of 1) unstructured interview forms, 2) assessment forms of learning materials, and 3) recording forms of focus group discussion. Qualitative data was analyzed based on content analysis and the presentation was in the form of descriptive analysis. The study results revealed that: 1) Regarding the need for developing learning materials with plastic recycling for primary school students in Central Thailand, it was found that recycling is suitable for being developed as learning materials for students due to utilizing recycled materials worthily. Moreover, durable learning materials can be built as well and can be used for a longer period of time. This does not increase the budget burden of schools and is consistent with the concept of education for sustainable development. The researchers have synthesized the obtained data to be the participatory action approach for developing learning materials or 4P consisting of (1) Plan, (2) Process, (3) Present and (4) Practice. 2) Regarding developing learning materials with plastic recycling for primary school students in Central Thailand based on action learning of pre-service teachers, it was found that the pre-service teachers were able to design and develop learning materials from plastic recycling creatively and to use them in schooling management efficiently. 3) Regarding distilling the lesson learned from developing materials with plastic recycling for primary school students in Central Thailand based on participatory action learning of pre-service teachers, the competency of being professional teachers important of pre-service teachers in 4 aspects or so-called LISA consisting of (1) Learning Management, (2) Innovation (3) Self-development and (4) Assessment of Learning This helps promote the competency of earning a living of the pre-service teachers to be more efficiently.

This study aims to ascertain academicians' opinions about out-of-school learning, awareness of it, and competency to plan learning activities in such situations for the purpose of teaching in out-of-school learning environments (OSLEs). The research group of this study, which was conducted as a case study, consists of 56 academics in the physics, chemistry, biology, and science education programs of education faculties in Türkiye. The Out-of-School Learning Environments Regulation Scale and a form containing four questions were used to data collection. The results from the scale, the average score was calculated as 4.41 for academics with experience in teaching OSLEs and 3.82 for academics without such experience. The qualitative results indicate that academics mostly prefer to focus on environmental education, astronomy, living things and life, and recycling issues through out-of-school learning activities and use different types of OSLEs such as science center, recycling facility and observatory. To conclude, despite the academics' high level of competency in performing out-of-school learning activities, it is evident that they underutilize these activities in their teaching.

This study presents the design and application of a didactic sequence aimed at enhancing high school students understanding of recyclable plastic polymers. The proposed teaching strategy incorporates cooperative learning activities to identify different types of plastics, particularly recyclable ones. The goal is to increase student's scientific knowledge, enabling them to make informed decisions to mitigate environmental pollution caused by plastic waste. The study also addresses the research question: How can I recycle plastic materials in my everyday life to avoid contributing to environmental pollution?

Critical thinking skills are one of the main competencies to be achieved in learning. Critical thinking skills can be taught through various methods, such as integrating through student worksheets (LKPD). Observations on the use of LKPD conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Parepare showed that the LKPD used did not support the development of students' critical thinking skills. In this regard, it is necessary to develop worksheets based on critical thinking skills. This study aims to produce worksheets that integrate critical thinking skills. This type of research is research and development (R&D) by adapting the learning development model from Thiagarajan known as 4-D namely defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. However, the development results in this study are only at the develop stage, namely only producing student worksheets based on critical thinking skills. Based on the results of the validation analysis obtained the average value of the total validation is 1, with a valid interpretation. The results of the teacher's questionnaire analysis obtained a total average value of 96% with very practical interpretations and student questionnaire analysis obtained a score of 85.11% with very practical interpretations. Thus a based LKPD has been producedSkills think critically on the basic competencies of environmental change and waste recycling for class X SMA that are valid, feasible and practical. LKPD development based on critical thinking skills is recommended to continue to be developed on other basic competencies so that students are trained to use their critical thinking skills.

This study aimed at (i) identifying primary school students' attitudes toward environmental issues based on the perspectives of ecocentrism and anthropocentrism and (ii) inspecting students' attitudes (i.e., ecocentric and anthropocentric) toward environmental issues in relation to gender and grade level. Data were gathered from 40 students through the administration of an interview questionnaire along with pictures concerning questions in the questionnaire. Results demonstrated that most of the participants who held positive attitudes reflected anthropocentric attitudes toward water, paper, and electricity consumption, reusing, and playground preferences whereas ecocentric attitudes toward plants, bugs, and other animals. Besides, half and slightly more than half of the participants with positive attitudes expressed ecocentric attitudes toward residence preferences and environmental pollution, respectively while nearly half of the participants with positive attitudes expressed anthropocentric attitudes toward the mentioned issues. It was also found that with the exception of one environmental issue, participants' attitudes toward environmental issues were not significantly associated with their gender. Additionally, no relation was found between participants' environmental attitudes and their grade level.

This study examines the potential effect of service-learning training on 38 EFL teachers from the public schools of the North-Eastern Badia Directorate of Education, Mafraq, Jordan. A quasi-experimental design was used, and the participants were randomly assigned into an experimental group (n=18) and a control group (n=20). As part of the treatment, the participants of the experimental group were asked to serve their community through collecting paper waste, recycling, and planting trees. They were then asked to videotape their activities to use them in their writing tasks in the classroom. The control group did not receive any treatment and taught the writing tasks per the guidelines of the prescribed Teacher's Book. The findings revealed statistically significant differences in the overall writing performance of both the experimental and control groups, in favor of the former. The findings also revealed that the use of service-learning training helped teachers form positive attitudes towards EFL writing.

This article presents the assessment of two educational secondhand clothing markets developed at two high schools in Albacete. One of them involved money and the other was based on barter, and both included an awareness-raising phase to promote responsible consumption. Although all students were involved, only those who organized the experience were surveyed (N = 40, 21 females). Data were gathered after the experience, in student´s regular classrooms. A qualitative methodology was used, combining focus groups and an open-ended questionnaire. Findings were similar in both groups: the experience was positively perceived, although there was an initial stigmatized preconception surrounding secondhand clothing; it also helped students learn and become aware of the environmental impact of clothing, making them reflect on their consumption habits and change them. Students also perceived some barriers to reducing their consumption. Thus, secondhand markets can be powerful educational tools to raise awareness and change behaviors toward more pro-sustainable choices.

Purpose: This study aims to examine how higher education can mold pro-environmental actions among students with educational social-marketing leads; it probes into the direct influence of four value orientations toward pro-environmental beliefs, norms and behaviors. Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative research sought deductive reasoning. Data gathering took place in January 2023, following a cross-sectional framework. The researcher visited various private universities in Egypt, which used effort to change the practices among students toward sustainable developments, distributing digitally administrated questionnaires to students on campus. Through convenience nonprobability sampling, 581 questionnaires were collected and statistically analyzed, using SPSS. Findings: This study shows that altruistic and biospheric value impact students' personal beliefs toward pro-environmental behaviors; students' personal beliefs significantly impact the norms that are present on campus; the norms found on campus impact significantly students to behave as green passengers, recyclers and utility-savers. Practical implications: Higher education institutions play a significant role in promoting the manifestations of rationality and objectivity among students about environmental challenges and sustainable development. Eco-friendly behaviors are rooted in values; thus, understanding the initial values among students is critical in developing coping strategies and social marketing initiatives that inspire the needed conservational behaviors. Originality/value: By aligning the value-belief-norm theory with two disciplines (higher education on sustainability and social marketing), this study builds upon the theory, identifying the underlying value-structures that inspire students' necessary environmental and sustainable behaviors to improve societies for future generation rightness. This study provides more nuanced insights into a better educational intervention for shaping students' manners toward environmentalism to improve communities worldwide.

This conceptual study explores the role that indigenous games can play in teaching Technology Education (TE) while integrating Environmental Education (EE). Relevant literature is reviewed to achieve this aim. Indigenous games can assist TE teachers in their teaching while also shaping learners' attitudes toward the environment. Waste, among other things, presents an opportunity for TE teachers to teach the subject meaningfully to indigenous learners. Indigenous learners will be able to use what they have learned through indigenous games to address the problem of environmental degradation. Waste reduction, recycling, and reuse enable learners and teachers to apply their imagination and creativity to care for the environment within each of the four TE themes. The integration of indigenous games into learners' learning activities makes learning relevant to learners' cultural knowledge and worldviews. It also helps TE teachers overcome school resource limitations and learn while modifying the TE content and teaching techniques.

Drawing from a network case study, this article traces enactments of a letter writing enquiry in one Kindergarten public school classroom in New York City, and in doing so, explores both the affordances and limitations of sociomaterial approaches employed by the researcher towards school literacies. Looking down at one morning meeting revealed rotting pumpkins, playdough, pocket charts and cheese sandwiches, doing the work of environmental nonprofits, DOE officials, and cafeteria staff, all becoming entangled with the teacher and students in solving the problem of food waste at lunch, and ultimately to students writing letters to their school administrators. Yet, in looking out from this same data, I reconsider how the curriculum was not only constituted by networks of circulating materials, but also by networks circulating students' bodies into unequal school spaces, fuelling changes in the school's enrolment and funding through neighbourhood gentrification. I propose ways in which sociomaterial accounts of literacy curriculums may contribute bridgework along with accounting for structural inequalities mobilized in and through schools.

Education for Sustainability (EfS) seeks to empower children with knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes to address global challenges while adhering to sustainability principles. This study investigates the conceptual understanding and pedagogical practices of EfS among early childhood education (ECE) teachers in Norway. Using mixed-methods design, data were collected through reflection notes, surveys, and didactic development projects, revealing fragmented understanding primarily focused on action-oriented, fact-based, and normative aspects of sustainability. The teachers emphasised waste sorting, recycling, and nature experiences, with limited attention to holistic and pluralistic perspectives. Despite curriculum mandates, sustainability had low implementation in ECE educational plans and collaboration meetings. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive teacher education and support to promote EfS and foster agents for sustainability in the context of ECE.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate amount of food waste and the number of food packages used in Finnish households with university students. The aim of the paper is to answer the following research questions: How much avoidable food waste is generated in the participating various sized households? How much unavoidable food waste is generated in the participating various sized households? How many food packages are classified as deposit, municipal waste or recycled in the participating various sized households? Design / methodology /approach: The data was collected among the students in Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences. A total of results from 432 households with 890 persons are presented. The participating households weighed their unavoidable and avoidable food waste and calculated the food packages during one week. The results were analysed in Excel and the statistical significance assessed using a t-test. Findings: The average avoidable and unavoidable food wastages were 498 g/week/person, i.e. 25.9 kg/year/person and 543 g/week/person, i.e. 28.3 kg/year/person, respectively. Single-person households generate more avoidable and unavoidable food waste as well as packages per person than other sized households. The results show that there is no correlation between the amount of avoidable food waste/person, unavoidable food waste/person or packages/person. Originality/value: This kind of research has sparsely been reported. The food and package wastage definitions vary, and thus it is difficult to compare these results with other reported results.

In this research, it was aimed to determine science students' awareness on waste management. Eleven students studying in the first year of the Science Education Department participated in the research. The screening model was used in the research. The data were collected through scientific newspapers prepared in line with the Scientific Newspaper Preparation Instruction within the Scope of Waste Management. In the five sections of the instruction, students were asked to prepare scientific newspapers that they will support with written explanations and drawings on recovery, reuse, recycling, plastic bag usage, and zero waste within waste management. The data were analyzed by using content analysis. As a result of the research, it was understood that a significant part of the students was aware of the effects of education, research, and project activities on recovery, reuse, recycling, plastic bag usage, and zero waste practices within the scope of waste management, and the place and importance of the individual in waste management. On the other hand, it was understood that most of the students were not aware of the basis of waste management practices as the waste types, the separation of wastes at the source in accordance to their types, and throwing the wastes into the appropriate waste bin for their types.

Many students do not experience usefulness in mathematics. To address this problem, we offered them a mathematical tool, Sankey diagrams, which is a flow chart appearing in news media to visualize social, industrial or environmental processes. We carried out an Educational Design Research (EDR) to develop and evaluate lesson materials about contextualized Sankey diagrams. We tested these materials with a class of grade 8 students and evaluated these on the feasibility of students' appropriation of the diagrams. In the lesson, we observed how students were able to read the Sankey diagrams, liked the societal processes visualized, yet did not fully grasp their mathematical properties. However, weeks later, the same students skillfully used Sankey diagrams in an unrelated project, which showed they needed time for their learning. Our contributions are that (1) grade 8 students can appropriate Sankey diagrams and use these in situations relevant to them, (2) design researchers should consider long-term learning effects beyond the experimental phase in EDR. We recommend educational designers to innovate curricula and introduce diagrams from news media to make students experience usefulness in school content.

The Zero Waste Project is likely to solve waste problems. This research aims to specify the opinions of teachers regarding Turkey's Zero Waste Project (TZWP). This study was carried out in the 2019-2020 academic year, with 126 participating teachers working in various disciplines, such as science, math, and social sciences, in the primary and secondary public schools. The semi-structured interview was used as a method in this research that covered qualitative data techniques. The obtained data was studied by using descriptive analysis. However, this study's findings suggested that most teachers did not know anything about the project implemented for four years. It was seen that teachers were not well-informed about or ignorant of zero waste. The educators are needed to achieve the goals of TZWP. Thus, it is suggested that environmental education be included in various disciplines and raise environmental awareness among individuals should become one of national education's primary objectives. It is a must, too, for all teachers and teacher candidates to develop environmental awareness.

The objective of this study is to run a pilot test on the application of Open Science Schooling (OSS) methodology in projects with secondary-school students to know the impact it can have on their learning and their perception of it in addition to know how to develop teaching practice. As a study sample, we have selected a series of countries that are participating in an Erasmus+ project; to ensure a more exhaustive study, we are working with one of the participating schools located in Catalonia, near to our research group. In our study, we will consider the application of the Open Science Schooling methods in several secondary-school projects with the goal of comparing them and evaluating the method's versatility. We used questionnaires designed specifically for this project. The goal of OSS is to encourage schools to promote community well-being in cooperation with other stakeholders. It is very important the interplay of local, regional and global contexts and dynamics in shaping education and development. In one of the secondary schools students study the key role forests play in the fight against climate change, and the relationship of this natural resource with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

There are many environmental issues surrounding the global production and use of plastics. Three science curricula (Grades K-2, 3-5, and 6-8) were developed to introduce youth to the past, present, and future of plastics. Designed using research-based methods and grounded in effective science pedagogy, the curricula provide young people opportunities to explore viable alternatives to plastics and develop knowledge and skills necessary to help mitigate environmental impacts associated with the production, use and disposal of plastics. Evaluation results demonstrated that youth improved their understanding of polymers and intention to help reduce impacts of plastics on the environment.

The aim of the study is to examine and determine the thoughts of recycling of the situations (gender, grade level, educational status of parents) that affect the recycling attitudes of secondary school students. Explanatory design has been preferred among the mixed method research designs in which both quantitative and qualitative approaches are used together in the research. The study group of the quantitative part of the research consists of 700 students studying in secondary schools and the study group of the qualitative part consists of 30 students identified as selected. The data of the research were obtained with the "Recycling Scale" and "Image Form". In order to compare the scale scores related to gender variable, Whitney U Test was used; in order to compare the scale scores related to grade level, maternal education and paternal education status variables, Kruskal Wallis Test was used. The qualitative data obtained from the students' drawings were analyzed by content analysis. According to the results obtained from the research, students' attitudes towards recycling are high in a positive way; it has been determined that there is no difference according to gender and education level of their mothers. It has been determined that there is a difference in the attitudes of the students towards recycling according to the grade level and educational status of their fathers. It is seen that students include elements such as people, trees, garbage, factory, cloud and garbage boxes in the paintings related to recycling. In this context, it can be said that student perceptions about recycling include recycling components.

Recycling applications and research on this subject are increasing and gaining importance due to their enormous potential in solving many environmental problems. This study, which was conducted to determine the attitudes of special education teacher candidates towards the environment and to determine whether these attitudes are different according to gender, age and class variables, is a Descriptive Single Survey Model. The study group of the research consists of a total of 120 special education teacher candidates (90 girls, 30 boys) studying at a state university in Turkey. According to the results of the research, when the mean attitudes of the pre-service teachers towards the recycling are evaluated according to their grade levels, it is seen that the attitude scores of the pre-service teachers studying in the 3rd and 4th grades are slightly higher than the averages of the candidates studying in the 1st and 2nd grades. However, when the scores of attitudes towards the recycling are evaluated according to the age variable, it is seen that the scores of attitudes towards the recycling increase as the age of the teacher candidates increases.

The aim of this study is to determine the attitudes of special education teacher candidates, who have great responsibilities in terms of environmental education, towards the environment and to compare these attitudes according to various variables. For this purpose, a 4-point Likert-type Environmental Attitude Scale consisting of 35 items was used as a data collection tool. The study group of the research consists of 120 special education teacher candidates. Whether the prospective teachers' attitudes towards the environment show a significant difference in terms of the independent variables of the research was investigated using the t-test for bivariate features and the ANOVA test for features with more than two. The results of the research show that the attitudes of teacher candidates towards the environment increase as age and class level increase, but there is no statistically significant difference between teacher candidates in terms of these variables.

The assessment of environmental identity (EID) in terms of connectedness to nature, eco-friendly behaviour (EFB) and closeness to nature variables is the central focus of this study. The elaborated conceptual model recommends that closeness to nature, connectedness to nature and EFBs related to education, economy and recycling are potential predictors of EID. The sample consists of 518 college students studying in different teacher education programmes. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the constructive validity of the scales for each of the measurement models. The theoretical path analysis model was created by considering existing literature. In the present study, the EFBs of the participants had a significant and moderate effect on their EID. Findings confirmed that environmental education behaviours and recycling behaviours had a positive and low effect on EFBs. The results showed that connectedness to nature and closeness to nature had a positive and medium effect on EFB. Promotion of EID sense in pre-service teachers will increase their students' EID. Finally, advanced degree curricula in environmental protection and nature can be designed and implemented based on target group information.

Fashion designers can have a key role to play in making fashion more sustainable, as they are able to influence and contribute to all dimensions of fashion impact (economic, environmental, social, and cultural), both positive and negative. Fashion design education should be seen as a chance to make aspiring designers aware of the challenges and potential of design for sustainability and equip them with the knowledge and skills necessary to implement sustainable fashion approaches. Starting from this premise, the approach to various sustainability themes was examined in the particular national context of post-secondary schools offering fashion majors in Poland, one which so far has not been researched in any depth. The authors conducted interviews and analysed the publications, documents, web pages, and Facebook profiles of such schools. Their activities were examined and classified in respect of the main dimensions of comprehensive fashion education: art, craftsmanship, and business. The analysis provides a picture of the current situation and a review of the specific features of sustainable fashion education in both the global and Polish contexts. Contemporary fashion education requires multidimensional adjustments to curricula, reflecting the complex nature of sustainability problems. This is a global challenge, which in the Polish case is additionally exacerbated by insufficient and uncoordinated public support, problems related to the institutional context of private and public schools, and the low level of sustainability awareness among consumers.

In Sweden, the national parliament has adopted objectives to implement the United Nations (UN) "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" (UNESCO, 2017). Sweden's objectives are more ambitious and far-reaching in several policy areas than the targets listed in the 2030 Agenda and outlined in the report "Agenda 2030 and Sweden: Challenges and Possibilities for the Earth" (SOU 2019; UNESCO, 2017). In this article, we discuss Swedish early childhood education in relation to these new national objectives. We employ a critical perspective and recognize early childhood education as both a political and educational setting, one where major and minor politics are interconnected and embedded in practice. We discuss these interconnections as a narrative inquiry scrutinizing different transformations and transactions in Swedish early childhood education practice. Our inquiry focus is an early childhood teacher case study narrative of her everyday education for sustainability (EfS) practices and the UN, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings revealed everyday pedagogical practices where children's own interests, curiosities and investigations enhanced EfS as integral to transformative and transactive early childhood education. We argue that further action is required to go beyond "business as usual" and embed transformative and transactive teaching for promoting the new national objectives and global objectives as "2030 Agenda." Such teaching for sustainability builds on pedagogical strategies where both children and teachers are engaged in a collaborative critical inquiry to challenge unsustainable thinking and actions in everyday life.

Purpose: Education is known to unravel environmental problems in various ways, including through the application of students' creativity and innovation. This study aimed to determine whether students' creativity and innovation, supported by environmental care character education in their curriculum, formed a part of their attitude and behavior. Methodology: In this qualitative research design, data collection was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews with informants and collecting various supporting documents during observation. The data was then analyzed descriptively using triangulation to test the data validity. Findings: The results revealed that environmental care could involve a variety of subjects like principals, vice principals, geography teachers, and intra-school organizations to develop the character of environment care in schools. Students' creativity and innovation were also found useful in maintaining the school environment, supported by intra-curricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular activities. Implication to Research and Practice: This research will contribute to resolving environmental problems in schools, thereby reducing the impact of school hygiene through waste recycling into high economic value. By integrating environmental care character education in curriculum will also foster environmental care attitude and behavior among students.

This study aims to determine the views of pre-service science teachers on recycling. The current study was carried out with semi-structured interview questions applied to 130 pre-service teachers studying in the Department of Mathematics and Science Education at a state university in the spring term of the 2018-2019 academic year. Due to the time and application limitations, the purposeful sample was chosen. Since this group will teach secondary school students in the future and recycling will be an important issue in the future as well as today, it is necessary to work specifically with this group so that teachers can teach this subject to their students. By taking their opinions, the deficiencies or negativities in the university education will be determined, thus an opportunity will be obtained to take steps towards overcoming these deficiencies. In the study, the case study method, a qualitative research design, was preferred and Recycling Interview Questions that was developed by the researcher was used as a data collection tool, and a content analysis was made. In the case study, a holistic single-case design was used. There are seven codes regarding the theme of "Separating the Wastes" in the 1st question about recycling for the pre-service science teachers. The highest frequency was given for "Reducing Environmental Pollution". There are six codes for the theme of the contribution of recycling to the country in the 2nd question. The highest frequency was given for "It makes a contribution to the country". In the 3rd question, there are six codes regarding the themes of recycling at universities. "Adequate education is not given" had the highest frequency. There are six codes for the theme of recycling at secondary schools in the 4th question. The highest frequency was given for "Only theoretical information is given". There are seven codes for the theme of the zero waste project in the 5th question. "It is an efficient work" had the highest frequency. The pre-service teachers studying in the Department of Science Education are given practical education regarding recycling, separation of wastes and Zero Waste Project.

Today, the decrease of bonds established with nature due to the use of technology, the increase in urbanization and the change of daily routines might affect people's attitudes and behaviours towards environment negatively. Considering that attitudes are one of the most important factors affecting behaviours, in the current study, it is aimed to reveal students' environmental behaviours and whether the attitudes that underlie these behaviours are ecocentric or anthropocentric. In the context of basic qualitative design, twelve questions related to environmental behaviours were asked to middle school students and in addition, students were required to explain the reasons of their behaviours. The findings revealed that middle school students had ecocentric and both ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes for the questions related to sensitive behaviour and attentive behaviour. However it was seen that students showed anthropocentric attitudes for the questions related to energy/product saving and for the questions about sorting out the garbage, throwing the garbage into the recycling bin and using products having recyclable materials in their packaging. Therefore it is recommended to organize environmental education that supports students' environmental attitudes when the issue have an economic dimension and that encourage them for recycling applications.

Today's world is facing a problem with the growth of textile products and in particular, textile waste, which already represents a serious environmental problem. From the point of view of ensuring sustainable handling of textile products, it is thus very important that individuals have the appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills for sustainable handling of textile products or that they are properly 'textile literate'. After all, appropriate textile literacy enables individuals to act according to the concept of sustainable development. The purpose of this research, which included 80 students from three Slovenian schools, who had completed their lower secondary education in the 2018/2019 school year, was to find out what their basic textile knowledge was and how they transferred it into their daily lives. Ninth graders were found to be deficient in basic textile skills, with girls having statistically significant better knowledge than boys. The girls were also statistically significantly better at recognising the connection between the acquired knowledge and everyday life and achieved a better result in terms of sustainable handling of textile products. The research findings can help teachers to be aware of the critical points in textile teaching in the context of sustainable development. The results also suggest that the current placement of textile content in the fifth grade, without further upgrading of the content in higher grades is not optimal. Most of the surveyed students had high grades in the fifth grade, but knowledge that is vital from the point of view of the sustainable behaviour of an individual is low in the ninth grade. These results can provide useful information for school policy makers who want to follow modern concepts of sustainable development.

With the rapid growth in the manufacturing industry and increased urbanization, higher amounts of composite material waste are being produced, causing severe threats to the environment. These environmental concerns, coupled with the fact that undergraduate students typically have minimal experience in research, have initiated the need at the UAE University to promote research among undergraduate students, leading to the development of a summer undergraduate research program. In this study, a recycling methodology is presented to test lab-fabricated Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) for potential applications in industrial composite waste. The work was conducted by two groups of undergraduate students at the UAE University. The methodology involved the chemical dissolution of the composite waste, followed by compression molding and adequate heat treatment for rapid curing of CFRP. Subsequently, the CFRP samples were divided into three groups based on their geometrical distinctions. The mechanical properties (i.e., modulus of elasticity and compressive strength) were determined through material testing, and the results were then compared with steel for prompt reference. The results revealed that the values of mechanical properties range from 2 to 4.3 GPa for the modulus of elasticity and from 203.7 to 301.5 MPa for the compressive strength. These values are considered competitive and optimal, and as such, carbon fiber waste can be used as an alternate material for various structural applications. The inconsistencies in the values are due to discrepancies in the procedure as a result of the lack of specialized equipment for handling CFRP waste material. The study concluded that the properties of CFRP composite prepreg scrap tend to be reusable instead of disposable. Despite the meager experimental discrepancies, test values and mechanical properties indicate that CFRP composite can be successfully used as a material for nonstructural applications.

Due to globalization and the impact of industrialization and urbanization, natural resources are wasted, and popular consumption leads to environmental waste. The problem of waste that deteriorates individual and social life is a prominent current issue. Recycling, described as the remanufacturing, production and employment of collected material, is an important solution to that problem. The present study aimed to determine the awareness of pre-service social studies teachers about the concept of environmental waste recycling and to analyze acrostic poems written by the participants. The study findings included the views of the pre-service social studies teachers. A semi-structured interview form was developed by the authors under expert supervision and employed to collect the views of the pre-service teachers. The pre-service teachers included in the study sample were assigned with simple random sampling technique and the study group included 162 pre-service social studies teachers. The descriptive survey model was employed in the study, the data were analyzed with content and descriptive analysis techniques to determine thematic codes. Furthermore, an acrostic poem authoring activity on the concept of recycling was conducted with the participants. The poems authored by the participants are presented as a category in a table in the findings section. The study findings revealed significant results on the recycling concept and processes. It was determined that the views of the participating pre-service social studies teachers reflected a high level of awareness on the concept of recycling and exhibited various perspectives on the implementation.

Since contemporary learning theories, strategies and models offer the interdisciplinary approach, educators need new pedagogical alternative ways to attain it in practicum. For this reason, the current research aimed to illustrate how to intertwine mathematical modeling with an environmental issue that recruits waste management (e.g., reuse-recycle-reduce) to live an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Through a case study research, 6 seventh-grade students (3 females and 3 males; aged 13-14) voluntarily participated in the research. The researchers videotaped and analyzed all interactive learning processes to elicit the students' environmental dialogues. The results indicated that the interdisciplinary mathematical modeling afforded the students to acquire the targeted environmental concepts/issues and somewhat supported their arguments. Since the current research illustrates an alternative pedagogy to integrate science/environmental education into mathematics, it may be used to facilitate dissemination and applicability of the STEM education.

The main aim of this paper was to analyze how medicinal gardens in secondary schools can improve teaching-learning processes in rural settings. The sample comprised 179 students (69.3% girls) from a rural public secondary school in the province of Huila (Colombia). The age of the participants ranged from 15 to 17 years with a mean of 15.86 years (SD = 0.86). Seeking school motivation strategies for rural students from a rural institution in the municipality of Guadalupe, teachers of the natural sciences designed didactic-pedagogical alternatives employing situated learning that would allow them to contribute to solving school problems and environmental issues affecting rural areas. The environmental phenomena included the loss of fertile soils and the harmful effects of the use of agrochemicals. Medicinal gardens together with situated learning activities proved a useful teaching tool in formal rural educational settings.

The environment is suffering so much, and yet humanity is still adamant about saving it. This study determines the awareness of environmental consumption, waste recycling, and its relationship to the academic performance of selected college students during the pandemic period of COVID-19. Using a descriptive research design, the researcher used an online survey method to collect the data for the study. With the use of the convenience sampling technique, 192 college students from a local city college responded to the online survey. As for the instrument, the study adopted and modified an existing questionnaire and subjected it to reliability and validity tests, which yielded an acceptable result. Using SPSS 22, results show that college students "often" observe different environmental consumption and waste recycling schemes in school. Their academic performance also is "good" based on their grade point average from their previous semester. Also, the study showed a low positive relationship between environmental consumption, waste recycling, and academic performance. The study concluded that college students still practice appropriate environmental consumption and waste recycling, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results, the researcher provided some implications for the learning system.

This study aims to assess the determinants of environmental sustainability among students from a tertiary education institution in Central Luzon, Philippines, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a descriptive-correlational research design with the online survey as the primary data gathering tool. A total of 136 students participated in the online survey using the convenience sampling technique due to restriction protocols implemented by the government authority. For the instrument of the study, the researcher adopted and modified a previous instrument to fit with the study's objectives. With the help of SPSS 23, the researcher computed and analyzed the gathered data using weighted mean, Pearson-r, and regression analysis as statistical tools. In general, the students were "very aware" of environmental sustainability. In addition, students "often" do waste and recycling activities, consume consciously, and save energy. Furthermore, statistical inferences revealed a weak-moderate positive correlation between waste and recycling activities, conscious consumption, energy-saving awareness, and environmental sustainability. For the determinants, waste and recycling activities and energy-saving awareness provided substantial evidence to influence the students' environmental sustainability in the study. This study becomes a reference and basis for future research in the field of environmental sustainability.

Telecollaboration seems to be a present emerging practice in education. In this sense, telecollaboration is wide and covers several areas of work and study, and it can also concern hybrid ones. This research focuses on developing learners' digital competence, English language skills for professional purposes, and knowledge on recycling matters through a telecollaborative project work. The framework for this study is based on Spiers and Bartlett's (2012) model on developing language, content, and digital skills, and it also focuses on the taxonomy of communication acts in professional contexts introduced by Lehman and DuFrene (2013). Students had to work collaboratively in groups of four students, from two different institutions and countries, and create a blog on the topic of recycling matters, analyzing the current problems and offering possible solutions. Students were tested before and after the project in order to measure their progress within the different areas of study. Results showed that this telecollaborative project work was potentially beneficial; the experimental group performed better in all the areas tested after this project. In conclusion, it seems that telecollaboration projects helped develop the target skills in this research following an integrated learning approach.

An increasing trend of environmental problems is largely associated with human interaction with nature. While individual attitudes and behavior play a pivotal role in attaining sustainable ecological actions, this article questions whether there is adequate coverage of the current environmental issues in the existing scales measuring environmental attitudes and behaviors. To achieve the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs), sustainable efforts need to be invested to shape human interaction with nature. Nonetheless, the question of whether an effective change in attitudinal and behavioral constructs can translate into objective ecological actions requires sound measurements. Based on an analysis of 54 scales, the present article reveals that some critical environmental issues such as climate change and inclusiveness of science and technology have largely been neglected. It further brings out a conclusion that proposes a transitional approach for environmental psychologists to rethink the measurement approaches that broadly enhances sustainable development in global terms.

Purpose: This study aims to test how waste disposal behaviors can be changed such as higher recycling diversion and lower contamination rates using signage and messaging techniques at public outdoor waste receptacles on a university campus. Design/methodology/approach: The experiment took place at five public outdoor receptacle stations, each with a landfill and recycling receptacle, which were located in highly trafficked areas on the University of Florida campus. The study consisted of three phases, each lasting for three weeks. During phase one, no signage and messaging were introduced; during phase two, negative and concrete messaging was placed on signs that stood above the two receptacles; and during phase three, positive and abstract messaging was placed above the receptacles. Waste audits were conducted by separating and weighing the waste. Findings: With signage and messaging implementation, the recycling diversion rates increased and contamination in the recycling receptacles decreased. However, there was not a consistent decrease in contamination in the landfill receptacles. The study also showed that the negative and concrete messaging was more effective at both increasing diversion rates and decreasing contamination rates at the recycling receptacles. Practical implications: Waste managers on university campuses need to address the purpose and type of messaging being used at waste receptacles to maximize behavior and/or education outcomes. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study represents the first time waste disposal behaviors have been analyzed and experimented on at public outdoor receptacles on a university campus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop and empirically test a model that can predict factors affecting student recycling behavior. The theoretical model was based on motivation, place attachment, environmental concern and interpersonal altruism. Design/methodology/approach: A cross-sectional study was conducted with college students in Taiwan using self-report questionnaires. Of the 800 distributed questionnaires, 523 were completed (response rate of 65.4%) and were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Partial least squares (PLS) were used to test the models and hypotheses. Findings: The results showed that environmental concern, motivation, interpersonal altruism and place attachment have significant positive effects on recycling behavior and motivation and place attachment have significant positive effects on interpersonal altruism. This research contributes to the existing literature by discriminating between two sorts of motivation: intrinsic and extrinsic. Based on these findings, suggestions for future research and practical implications are presented. Originality/value: Few studies have linked motivation, interpersonal altruism, environmental concern and place attachment to recycling behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to explore these relationships, specifically as they affect college students' behavior. This paper anticipates that increased knowledge about recycling behavior could be used to support the wider adoption of recycling practices.

At present, environmental issues are of concern to all countries, especially for developing countries, and education on waste sorting is urgent. However, it remains a challenge to improve students' learning achievement and engagement in environmental education. Researchers have pointed out the potential of digital games for promoting students' learning motivation. In addition, the two-tier testing mechanism has been recognized as an effective tool for correcting students' misconceptions and promoting their in-depth thinking. Therefore, this study proposed a two-tier testing-based digital gaming approach. To verify the effectiveness of the approach, a digital game was developed and a quasi-experiment was conducted. The participants were two classes of fifth graders, with one class as the experimental group using the two-tier test-based digital game and the other class as the control group learning with the conventional digital game. The results showed that the digital game-based learning with two-tier testing model was conducive to students' improved academic performance compared with the conventional digital game-based learning model, especially for students in the low-level group, who were able to make greater progress. In addition, the approach was effective in terms of reducing students' cognitive load and improving their flow experience.