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Aims To assess whether incorporating a machine learning (ML) method for accurate prediction of postoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) improves cataract surgery refraction prediction performance of a commonly used ray tracing power calculation suite (OKULIX). Methods and analysis A dataset of 4357 eyes of 4357 patients with cataract was gathered at the Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan. A previously developed machine learning (ML)-based method was used to predict the postoperative ACD based on preoperative biometry measured with the Lenstar LS900 optical biometer. Refraction predictions were computed with standard OKULIX postoperative ACD predictions and ML-based predictions of postoperative ACD. The performance of the ray tracing approach with and without ML-based ACD prediction was evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE) and median absolute error (MedAE) in refraction prediction as metrics. Results Replacing the standard OKULIX postoperative ACD with the ML-predicted ACD resulted in statistically significant reductions in both MAE (1.7% after zeroing mean error) and MedAE (2.1% after zeroing mean error). ML-predicted ACD substantially improved performance in eyes with short and long axial lengths (p<0.01). Conclusions Using an ML-powered postoperative ACD prediction method improves the prediction accuracy of the OKULIX ray tracing suite by a clinically small but statistically significant amount, with the greatest effect seen in long eyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Anil. Talluri, Krishnam. Alluri, Deleep. Gudipudi, Shabbir. Ahamed, Madhusudhana. Sresty, Aparna. Reddy The objective of the study is to examine the variation in doses to, Bladder, pelvic wall and [...]

Hybridization between closely related plant species iswidespread, but the outcomes of hybridization are not fully understood. This study investigates phylogenetic relationships and the history of hybridization in the wild tomato clade (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon). We sequenced RNA from individuals of 38 different populations and, by combining this with published data, build a comprehensive genomic data set for the entire clade. The data indicate that many taxa are not monophyletic and many individuals are admixed due to repeated hybridization. The most polymorphic species, Solanum peruvianum, has two genetic and geographical subpopulations, while its sister species, Solanum chilense, has distinct coastal populations and reduced heterozygosity indicating a recent expansion south following speciation from S. peruvianum circa 1.25 Ma. Discontinuous populations west of 72° are currently described as S. chilense, but are genetically intermediate between S. chilense and S. peruvianum. Based upon molecular, morphological, and crossing data, we test the hypothesis that these discontinuous "S. chilense" populations are an example of recombinational speciation. Recombinational speciation is rarely reported, and we discuss the difficulties in identifying it and differentiating between alternativedemographic scenarios. This discovery presents a new opportunity to understand the genomic outcomes of hybridization in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Maternal circulating levels of anti-angiogenic factors such as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), endoglin (sEng) and placental proteins like activin A and inhibin A are increased before the onset of pre-eclampsia. There is evidence for oxidative stress in pre eclampsia. Recently it was shown that placental oxygen concentration is related to sFlt-1 and inhibin A. In addition it is reported that oxidative stress markers are increased in placental tissue delivered after labour. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate if these proteins are altered in maternal circulation of labouring preeclampsia and normal pregnancies. Methodology: To assess the effects of labour, samples were taken from 10 normal pregnant (NP) and 10 pre-eclamptic (PE) women pre-labour, full dilation, placental delivery and 24 h. To assess the effects of placental delivery, plasma samples were taken from 10NP and 10PE women undergoing elective Caesarean section, pre-delivery, placental delivery and 10 min, 60 min and 24 h post delivery. SFlt-1 and sEng and activin A and inhibin A were measured using commercial and in house ELISA's respectively. Results: The levels of sFlt-1 and sEng were significantly higher in PE compared to NP women in both groups. In labour, sFlt- 1 levels increased significantly at full dilatation in PE women, before declining by 24 hr. However there was no significant rise in sEng levels in labour. Activin A and inhibin A levels declined rapidly with placental delivery in NP and PE pregnancies. There was a significant rise in activin A levels during labour in PE compared to pre labour, but inhibin levels did not increase. Conclusion: Labour in pre-eclamptic women increases the levels of sFlt-1 and activin A. This pilot data suggests that increase in the maternal levels of these factors in labour could predict and/or contribute to the maternal syndrome postpartum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several poems by Aparna Reddy is presented including "To Hyderabad with Love" First Line: Oh Hyderabad, Last Line: as I sip my malai laced chai. "Monsoon Raga" First Line: Misty clouds settle in; Last Line: rain bring in some blissful memories. "My Big Fat Indian Wedding" First Line: You are cordially invited to: Last Line: to Mr & Mrs Rao's daughter's wedding.