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4,430 results on '"Reed, David A."'

2. Challenges and Future Directions in Quantifying Terrestrial Evapotranspiration

Author

Yi, Koong, Senay, Gabriel B, Fisher, Joshua B, Wang, Lixin, Suvočarev, Kosana, Chu, Housen, Moore, Georgianne W, Novick, Kimberly A, Barnes, Mallory L, Keenan, Trevor F, Mallick, Kanishka, Luo, Xiangzhong, Missik, Justine EC, Delwiche, Kyle B, Nelson, Jacob A, Good, Stephen P, Xiao, Xiangming, Kannenberg, Steven A, Ahmadi, Arman, Wang, Tianxin, Bohrer, Gil, Litvak, Marcy E, Reed, David E, Oishi, A Christopher, Torn, Margaret S, and Baldocchi, Dennis

Subjects
Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydrology, Civil engineering, Environmental engineering
Abstract

Abstract: Terrestrial evapotranspiration is the second‐largest component of the land water cycle, linking the water, energy, and carbon cycles and influencing the productivity and health of ecosystems. The dynamics of ET across a spectrum of spatiotemporal scales and their controls remain an active focus of research across different science disciplines. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of ET science across in situ measurements, partitioning of ET, and remote sensing, and discuss how different approaches complement one another based on their advantages and shortcomings. We aim to facilitate collaboration among a cross‐disciplinary group of ET scientists to overcome the challenges identified in this paper and ultimately advance our integrated understanding of ET.

Published
2024

4. Protonation Stimulates the Layered to Rock Salt Phase Transition of Ni‐Rich Sodium Cathodes

Author

Xiao, Biwei, Zheng, Yu, Song, Miao, Liu, Xiang, Lee, Gi‐Hyeok, Omenya, Fred, Yang, Xin, Engelhard, Mark H, Reed, David, Yang, Wanli, Amine, Khalil, Xu, Gui‐Liang, Balbuena, Perla B, and Li, Xiaolin

Subjects
Engineering, Materials Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Physical Chemistry, layered cathode materials, protonation, rock-salt phase, sodium-ion batteries, rock‐salt phase, sodium‐ion batteries, Physical Sciences, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Chemical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Protonation of oxide cathodes triggers surface transition metal dissolution and accelerates the performance degradation of Li-ion batteries. While strategies are developed to improve cathode material surface stability, little is known about the effects of protonation on bulk phase transitions in these cathode materials or their sodium-ion battery counterparts. Here, using NaNiO2 in electrolytes with different proton-generating levels as model systems, a holistic picture of the effect of incorporated protons is presented. Protonation of lattice oxygens stimulate transition metal migration to the alkaline layer and accelerates layered-rock-salt phase transition, which leads to bulk structure disintegration and anisotropic surface reconstruction layers formation. A cathode that undergoes severe protonation reactions attains a porous architecture corresponding to its multifold performance fade. This work reveals that interactions between electrolyte and cathode that result in protonation can dominate the structural reversibility/stability of bulk cathodes, and the insight sheds light for the development of future batteries.

Published
2024

8. The Importance of First Semester Seminars for At-Risk First-Year Students: Analysis of Student Skills and Time Spent on Class Preparation

Author

Reed, David E. and Jones, Guinevere Z.

Abstract

The high-school-to-college transition can be difficult as students are adapting to a multitude of academic and social changes simultaneously. The University of Wyoming has created a first-semester program targeted at development of student skills for at-risk students using paired first-year seminar classes. Using student survey data from both pre- and post-course series, students were asked how important they thought academic and non-academic skills were as well as how much preparation time they were spending outside of class. Results from this work show large changes in the importance of skills and time spent studying during the transition from high school to college. This highlights the need to focus specifically on teaching skills to help students through the transition and suggests that not all skills are equal and data shows that students take longer than one semester to match their expected and actual amounts of time they spend outside of class studying.

Published
2021

14. Independent Demonstration Projects: A Teaching Case on Innovation

Author

Reed, David S.

Abstract

Independent Demonstration Projects is a strategy to innovate for government without prior approval of officials. The innovator implements their idea as a minimum viable product, independent of the government. Once the innovation is operating, it creates pressure on officials to sustain and expand it with government resources. This case illustrates the strategy with a factual example of innovating public access to government records in Virginia. The narrative presents two major decisions: (1) What strategy should the innovator use to get the government to make data available to the public? and (2) Once the innovator created a demonstration version, what else did he need to do so the government would adopt his innovation? The narrative is followed by teaching notes with suggested discussion questions. The case can be useful for teaching government innovation, civic hacking activism, administrative burden, and open government.

Published
2023
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20. Uncommon Behavior of Li Doping Suppresses Oxygen Redox in P2‐Type Manganese‐Rich Sodium Cathodes

Author

Xiao, Biwei, Liu, Xiang, Chen, Xi, Lee, Gi‐Hyeok, Song, Miao, Yang, Xin, Omenya, Fred, Reed, David M, Sprenkle, Vincent, Ren, Yang, Sun, Cheng‐Jun, Yang, Wanli, Amine, Khalil, Li, Xin, Xu, Guiliang, and Li, Xiaolin

Subjects
Engineering, Materials Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Physical Chemistry, cationic reactivity, layered cathodes, Li doping, oxygen redox reactivity, Physical Sciences, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Chemical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Utilizing both cationic and anionic oxygen redox reactions is regarded as an important approach to exploit high-capacity layered cathode materials with earth abundant elements. It has been popular strategies to effectively elevate the oxygen redox activities by Li-doping to introduce unhybridized O 2p orbitals in Nax MnO2 -based chemistries or enabling high covalency transition metals in P2-Na0.66 Mnx TM1- x O2 (TM = Fe, Cu, Ni) materials. Here, the effect of Li doping on regulating the oxygen redox activities P2-structured Na0.66 Ni0.25 Mn0.75 O2 materials is investigated. Systematic X-ray characterizations and ab initio simulations have shown that the doped Li has uncommon behavior in modulating the density of states of the neighboring Ni, Mn, and O, leading to the suppression of the existing oxygen and Mn redox reactivities and the promotion of the Ni redox. The findings provide a complementary scenario to current oxygen redox mechanisms and shed lights on developing new routes for high-performance cathodes.

Published
2021

21. Protease-Induced Excitation of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons in Response to Acute Perturbation of the Gut Microbiota Is Associated With Visceral and Somatic Hypersensitivity

Author

Baker, Corey C., Sessenwein, Jessica L., Wood, Hannah M., Yu, Yang, Tsang, Quentin, Alward, Taylor A., Jimenez Vargas, Nestor N., Omar, Amal Abu, McDonnel, Abby, Segal, Julia P., Sjaarda, Calvin P., Bunnett, Nigel W., Schmidt, Brian L., Caminero, Alberto, Boev, Nadejda, Bannerman, Courtney A., Ghasemlou, Nader, Sheth, Prameet M., Vanner, Stephen J., Reed, David E., and Lomax, Alan E.

Published
2024
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