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1. Attitude and practices of personal protective equipment, telemedicine, and social distance among health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: An international study

Author

Dina Ali, Khaled Raafat, and Rehab El-Sokkary

Subjects
covid-19, sars-cov-2, ppe, telemedicine, healthcare workers, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a huge burden on health systems worldwide. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the frontline in this battle and personal protective equipment (PPE) is a crucial element for their safety. Objectives: to assess the attitude and practices of PPE among HCWs alongside its availability and toxicities as well as to assess the use of telemedicine, physical barriers, and practice of social distance among HCWs. Methods: A cross sectional online survey was conducted between July and November 2020. Healthcare workers from different countries were invited to participate via emails and social platforms. Results: Out of 384 requested to participate, 119 participants completed the survey. The mean age for the participants was 41.5± 10.4. Females accounted for (n=83, 69.8%). Although 67.2% said they received training for the correct use of PPE, a 69.7% and 79.8% failed to answer the correct order of donning and doffing PPE, respectively; (n=92, 77.3%) mentioned that N95/FFP2 respirators were the kind of masks routinely used for care of confirmed COVID-19 cases and (n=90, 75.6%) claimed that fit testing was done for N95/FFP2 respirators before use. Thirty-nine participants (n=39, 32.8%) said that they extended the use of PPE > 12 hours. Hazmat suit, overshoes, respirators, hair caps, and goggles were the most deficient PPE. The most frequently reported adverse events when working with PPEs were heat intolerance (47.1%), headache (43.7%), pressure areas (32.8%), and extreme exhaustion (31.1%). Regarding other protective measures, (n= 79, 66.4%) said they are maintaining adequate social distance; (n= 64, 53.8%) and (n=66, 55.5%) declared the use of physical barrier and telemedicine, respectively. As regard the attitude, a (n=79, 66.4%) said it is convenient to comply with the recommended PPE when examining COVID-19 cases. Conclusion: Donning and doffing were the most common PPE malpractices. There was a positive attitude towards PPE among the HCWs. There was limited access to telemedicine, physical barriers, and application of social distance inside the healthcare facilities.

Published
2023
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2. Self-reported antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures from 57 intensive care units: An international ID-IRI survey

Author

Rehab El-Sokkary, Hakan Erdem, Ravina Kullar, Abdullah Umut Pekok, Fatma Amer, Svjetlana Grgić, Biljana Carevic, Amani El-Kholy, Anna Liskova, Mehmet Özdemir, Ejaz Ahmed Khan, Yesim Uygun Kizmaz, Nenad Pandak, Nirav Pandya, Jurica Arapović, Rıdvan Karaali, Nefise Oztoprak, Michael M. Petrov, Rami Alabadla, Handan Alay, Jehan Ali El Kholy, Caroline Landelle, Reham Khedr, Dhruv Mamtora, Gorana Dragovac, Ricardo Fernandez, Emine Unal Evren, Lul Raka, Antonio Cascio, Nicolas Dauby, Ahsen Oncul, Safak Ozer Balin, Yasemin Cag, Natalia Dirani, Mustafa Dogan, Irina Magdalena Dumitru, Maha Ali Gad, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Behrouz Naghili, Rosa Fontana Del Vecchio, Monica Licker, Andrea Marino, Nasim Akhtar, Mostafa Kamal, Goffredo Angioni, Deana Medić, Aliye Esmaoğlu, Szabo Balint Gergely, André Silva-Pinto, Lurdes Santos, Ionela Larisa Miftode, Recep Tekin, Phunsup Wongsurakiat, Mumtaz Ali Khan, Yesim Kurekci, Hema Prakash Pilli, Krsto Grozdanovski, Egidia Miftode, Rusmir Baljic, Serhat Uysal, Haluk Vahabolgu, and Jordi Rello

Subjects
Multidrug resistance, Infection control, Stewardship, Low- and upper-middle and high income, MDROs, Pan drug resistance, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

We explored the self-reported antibiotic stewardship (AS), and infection prevention and control (IPC) activities in intensive care units (ICUs) of different income settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to collect data about IPC and AS measures in participating ICUs. The study participants were Infectious Diseases–International Research Initiative (IDI-IR) members, committed as per their institutional agreement form. We analyzed responses from 57 ICUs in 24 countries (Lower-middle income (LMI), n = 13; Upper-middle income (UMI), n = 33; High-income (HI), n = 11). This represented (~5%) of centers represented in the ID-IRI. Surveillance programs were implemented in (76.9%−90.9%) of ICUs with fewer contact precaution measures in LMI ones (p = 0.02); (LMI:69.2%, UMI:97%, HI:100%). Participation in regional antimicrobial resistance programs was more significantly applied in HI (p = 0.02) (LMI:38.4%,UMI:81.8%,HI:72.2%). AS programs are implemented in 77.2% of institutions with AS champions in 66.7%. Infectious diseases physicians and microbiologists are members of many AS teams (59%&50%) respectively. Unqualified healthcare professionals(42.1%), and deficient incentives(28.1%) are the main barriers to implementing AS. We underscore the existing differences in IPC and AS programs’ implementation, team composition, and faced barriers. Continuous collaboration and sharing best practices on APM is needed. The role of regional and international organizations should be encouraged. Global support for capacity building of healthcare practitioners is warranted.

Published
2022
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3. Mechanisms of action and immune response for COVID-19 vaccines: A narrative review

Author

Sara jbeil, Mohamed Gamal, Ahmed Abdelgaleel, Mahmoud Sateeh, Fadi Mahdi, and Rehab El-Sokkary

Subjects
covid-19 vaccines, sars-cov-2 vaccines efficacy, covid-19 vaccines lifelong immunity, covid-19 mechanism of action, available covid-19 vaccines, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background:Corona virus disease – 2019 (COVID-19) is the most important topic in this century with consideration of vaccines as the most important protective tools. In this review we aimed to discuss the different types of COVID-19 vaccines as regarding structures, immunological basics, and currently available forms. We reviewed the available literature about recombinant viral vector, mRNA, inactivated, and protein subunit vaccines. And in the review, we covered mechanisms of action, available forms and whether they lead to lifelong immunity or not. We concluded that it is not yet possible to confirm a lifelong immunity by the available COVID-19 vaccines. With the emergence of SARS-CoV2 new mutant strains, no single vaccine can prove to have a lifelong immunity. Further experiments and research work are needed. We need to conduct research to estimate the prevalence and incidence of COVID-19 patients in already vaccinated people, trials to reach the best ways of giving the vaccines to have the longer protection and the effect of these vaccines on the SARS-CoV-2 new variants.

Published
2022
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5. Analyzing central-line associated bloodstream infection prevention bundles in 22 countries: The results of ID-IRI survey

Author

Ilker Devrim, Hakan Erdem, Amani El-Kholy, Abdullah Almohaizeie, Mateja Logar, Bilal Ahmad Rahimi, Fatma Amer, Sevil Alkan-Ceviker, Meliha Cagla Sonmezer, Maya Belitova, Jamal Wadi Al-Ramahi, Natalia Pshenichnaya, Maha Ali Gad, Lurdes Santos, Reham Khedr, Abdullahi Nur Hassan, Elif Boncuoglu, Andrea Cortegiani, Andrea Marino, Anna Liskova, Atousa Hakamifard, Corneliu Petru Popescu, Mumtaz Ali Khan, Ralitsa Marinova, Nikolaj Petrov, Emmanuel Nsutebu, Ghaydaa Shehata, Hamed Azhdari Tehrani, Handan Alay, Ivana Mareković, Joanna Zajkowska, Aidos Konkayev, Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan, Michele Pagani, Hasan Agin, Pierre Tattevin, Rehab El-Sokkary, Rezaul Karim Ripon, Ricardo Fernandez, Rosa Fontana Del Vecchio, Simona Daniela Popescu, Souha Kanj, Dr Behcet Uz Children Res & Training Hosp, Cairo University, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Zagazig University, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (COMU), Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, The University of Jordan (JU), Central Research Institute of Epidemiology [Moscow], Hospital de São João [Porto], Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Medical Military Academy, Medical Military Academy Sofia, Assiut University, Ataturk University, Galala University [Suez, Egypt], Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (AUB), Devrim, Ilker, Erdem, Hakan, El-Kholy, Amani, Almohaizeie, Abdullah, Logar, Mateja, Rahimi, Bilal Ahmad, Amer, Fatma, Alkan-Ceviker, Sevil, Sonmezer, Meliha Cagla, Belitova, Maya, Al-Ramahi, Jamal Wadi, Pshenichnaya, Natalia, Gad, Maha Ali, Santos, Lurde, Khedr, Reham, Hassan, Abdullahi Nur, Boncuoglu, Elif, Cortegiani, Andrea, Marino, Andrea, Liskova, Anna, Hakamifard, Atousa, Popescu, Corneliu Petru, Khan, Mumtaz Ali, Marinova, Ralitsa, Petrov, Nikolaj, Nsutebu, Emmanuel, Shehata, Ghaydaa, Tehrani, Hamed Azhdari, Alay, Handan, Mareković, Ivana, Zajkowska, Joanna, Konkayev, Aido, Ramdan, Manar Ezz Elarab, Pagani, Michele, Agin, Hasan, Tattevin, Pierre, El-Sokkary, Rehab, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Fernandez, Ricardo, Vecchio, Rosa Fontana Del, Popescu, Simona Daniela, and Kanj, Souha

Subjects
Catheter, Infection Control, Catheterization, Central Venous, Cross Infection, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Bundle, CLABSI, Central line, Infection, Sepsis, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Catheter-Related Infections, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Central Venous Catheters, Patient Care Bundles
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Because central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a significant complication of central venous access, it is critical to prevent CLABSIs through the use of central line bundles. The purpose of this study was to take a snapshot of central venous access bundles in various countries. METHODS: The participants in intensive care units (ICUs) completed a questionnaire that included information about the health center, infection control procedures, and central line maintenance. The countries were divided into 2 groups: those with a low or low-middle income and those with an upper-middle or high income. RESULTS: Forty-three participants from 22 countries (46 hospitals, 85 ICUs) responded to the survey. Eight (17.4%) hospitals had no surveillance system for CLABSI. Approximately 7.1 % (n = 6) ICUs had no CLABSI bundle. Twenty ICUs (23.5%) had no dedicated checklist. The percentage of using ultrasonography during catheter insertion, transparent semi-permeable dressings, needleless connectors and single-use sterile pre-filled ready to use 0.9% NaCl were significantly higher in countries with higher and middle-higher income (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that there are significant differences in the central line bundles between low/low-middle income countries and upper-middle/high-income countries. Additional measures should be taken to address inequity in the management of vascular access in resource-limited countries.

Published
2022
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6. Vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents: An international ID-IRI survey

Author

Yakup Cag, Mohammad Emad Al Madadha, Handan Ankarali, Yasemin Cag, Kubra Demir Onder, Aysegul Seremet-Keskin, Filiz Kizilates, Rok Čivljak, Ghaydaa Shehata, Handan Alay, Sevil Alkan-Ceviker, Fatma Yilmaz-Karadag, Meliha Cagla-Sonmezer, Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan, Dumitru Irina Magdelena, Ljiljana Betica Radic, Jurica Arapovic, Fatma Kesmez-Can, Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed, Oladapo Babatunde Campbell, Gulden Eser-Karlidag, Reham Khedr, Mehmet Emirhan Isik, Michael Mihailov Petrov, Roxana Cernat, Umran Erturk, Yesim Uygun-Kizmaz, Eva Huljev, Fatma Amer, Mehmet Resat Ceylan, Andrea Marino, Gulnur Kul, Tuba Damar-Cakirca, Yara Mohsen Khalaf, Arzu Cennet Isik, Olumuyiwa Elijah Ariyo, Ismail Necati Hakyemez, Rezaul Karim Ripon, Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh, Emine Kubra Dindar-Demiray, Osasona Oluwadamilola Gideon, Maya Belitova, Mustafa Altindis, Rehab El-Sokkary, Recep Tekin, Mohammed Ahmed Garout, Joanna Zajkowska, Farhan Fazal, Muhammed Bekcibasi, Mirsada Hukic, Summiya Nizamuddin, Serkan Surme, Ricardo Fernandez, Amani El-Kholy, Nasim Akhtar, Saadia Ijaz, Andrea Cortegiani, Meliha Meric-Koc, Hakan Hasman, Agah Victor Maduka, Jehan Ali ElKholy, Sema Sari, Mumtaz Ali Khan, Yasemin Akin, Sukran Kose, Hakan Erdem, MERİÇ KOÇ, MELİHA, Cag, Yakup, Al Madadha, Mohammad Emad, Ankarali, Handan, Cag, Yasemin, Demir Onder, Kubra, Seremet-Keskin, Aysegul, Kizilates, Filiz, Čivljak, Rok, Shehata, Ghaydaa, Alay, Handan, Alkan-Ceviker, Sevil, Yilmaz-Karadag, Fatma, Cagla-Sonmezer, Meliha, Ezzelarab Ramadan, Manar, Magdelena, Dumitru Irina, Radic, Ljiljana Betica, Arapovic, Jurica, Kesmez-Can, Fatma, El-Sayed, Nagwa Mostafa, Campbell, Oladapo Babatunde, Eser-Karlidag, Gulden, Khedr, Reham, Isik, Mehmet Emirhan, Petrov, Michael Mihailov, Cernat, Roxana, Erturk, Umran, Uygun-Kizmaz, Yesim, Huljev, Eva, Amer, Fatma, Ceylan, Mehmet Resat, Marino, Andrea, Kul, Gulnur, Damar-Cakirca, Tuba, Khalaf, Yara Mohsen, Isik, Arzu Cennet, Ariyo, Olumuyiwa Elijah, Hakyemez, Ismail Necati, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Afkhamzadeh, Abdorrahim, Dindar-Demiray, Emine Kubra, Gideon, Osasona Oluwadamilola, Belitova, Maya, Altindis, Mustafa, El-Sokkary, Rehab, Tekin, Recep, Garout, Mohammed Ahmed, Zajkowska, Joanna, Fazal, Farhan, Bekcibasi, Muhammed, Hukic, Mirsada, Nizamuddin, Summiya, Surme, Serkan, Fernandez, Ricardo, El-Kholy, Amani, Akhtar, Nasim, Ijaz, Saadia, Cortegiani, Andrea, Meric-Koc, Meliha, Hasman, Hakan, Maduka, Agah Victor, ElKholy, Jehan Ali, Sari, Sema, Khan, Mumtaz Ali, Akin, Yasemin, Kose, Sukran, and Erdem, Hakan

Subjects
Male, Parents, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, An international ID-IRI survey-, JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, cilt.16, sa.6, ss.1081-1088, 2022 [Cag Y., Al Madadha M. E. , ANKARALI H., ÇAĞ Y., Onder K. D. , Seremet-Keskin A., Kizilates F., Civljak R., Shehata G., ALAY H., et al., -Vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents], Vaccination, General Medicine, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Microbiology, Communicable Diseases, parent, Infectious Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Virology, Surveys and Questionnaires, vaccine refusal, Humans, Parasitology, Female, Vaccination Hesitancy, Child, Vaccine hesitancy
Abstract

Introduction:Although vaccines are the safest and most effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, the increasing rate of vaccine hesitancy and refusal (VHR) has become a worldwide concern. We aimed to find opinions of parents on vaccinating their children and contribute to available literature in order to support the fight against vaccine refusal by investigating the reasons for VHR on a global scale.Methodology:In this international cross-sectional multicenter study conducted by the Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI), a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was used to determine parents' attitudes towards vaccination of their children.Results:Four thousand and twenty-nine (4,029) parents were included in the study and 2,863 (78.1%) were females. The overall VHR rate of the parents was found to be 13.7%. Nineteen-point three percent (19.3%) of the parents did not fully comply with the vaccination programs. The VHR rate was higher in high-income (HI) countries. Our study has shown that parents with disabled children and immunocompromised children, with low education levels, and those who use social media networks as sources of information for childhood immunizations had higher VHR rates (p < 0.05 for all).Conclusions:Seemingly all factors leading to VHR are related to training of the community and the sources of training. Thus, it is necessary to develop strategies at a global level and provide reliable knowledge to combat VHR.Keywords:Vaccine hesitancy; parents; vaccine refusal.Copyright (c) 2022 Yakup Cag, Mohammad Emad al Madadha, Handan Ankarali, Yasemin Cag, Kubra Demir Onder, Aysegul Seremet-Keskin, Filiz Kizilates, Rok Civljak, Ghaydaa Shehata, Handan Alay, Sevil Alkan-Ceviker, Fatma Yilmaz-Karadag, Meliha Cagla-Sonmezer, Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan, Dumitru Irina Magdelena, Ljiljana Betica Radic, Jurica Arapovic, Fatma Kesmez-Can, Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed, Oladapo Babatunde Campbell, Gulden Eser-Karlidag, Reham Khedr, Mehmet Emirhan Isik, Michael Mihailov Petrov, Roxana Cernat, Umran Erturk, Yesim Uygun-Kizmaz, Eva Huljev, Fatma Amer, Mehmet Resat Ceylan, Andrea Marino, Gulnur Kul, Tuba Damar-Cakirca, Yara Mohsen Khalaf, Arzu Cennet Isik, Olumuyiwa Elijah Ariyo, Ismail Necati Hakyemez, Rezaul Karim Ripon, Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh, Emine Kubra Dindar-Demiray, Osasona Oluwadamilola Gideon, Maya Belitova, Mustafa Altindis, Rehab El-Sokkary, Recep Tekin, Mohammed Ahmed Garout, Joanna Zajkowska, Farhan Fazal, Muhammed Bekcibasi, Mirsada Hukic, Summiya Nizamuddin, Serkan Surme, Ricardo Fernandez, Amani El-Kholy, Nasim Akhtar, Saadia Ijaz, Andrea Cortegiani, Meliha Meric-Koc, Hakan Hasman, Agah Victor Maduka, Jehan Ali ElKholy, Sema Sari, Mumtaz Ali Khan, Yasemin Akin, Sukran Kose, Hakan Erdem.

Published
2022

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