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KAULUZOANTHUS SP. (FIG. 9A���B) Material examined: USNM 1424050, French Frigate Shoals, Hawaii (23��56.649 ��� N, 166��02.187 ��� W), 1225 m, ROV, coll. RV Okeanos Explorer, NOAA on 28 February 2016, fixed in 99.5% EtOH. Description: Non-encrusted azooxanthellate zoantharians. The examined specimen associated with Hyalonema sp. Preserved polyps cylindrical and c. 1.8���9.6 mm in height, 3.9���6.7 mm in diameter, with brown column in coloration. Thin coenenchyme completely covering stalk of Hyalonema sp. Capitulary ridges discernible, 14���16 in number when contracted. Tentacles relatively short, as long as expanded oral disk diameter. Numbers of tentacles 28���32. Associated host: Hyalonema sp. Distribution and habitats: North Pacific Ocean: French Frigate Shoals, Hawaii, at a depth of 1225 m. Remarks: The genus Kauluzoanthus is known to associate with the gold coral Kulamanamana haumeaae and with several octocoral species (Sinniger et al., 2013). However, our examined specimen was associated with Hyalonema sponges, and was genetically close to Ka. kerbyi based on the results in this study. This finding suggests that Kauluzoanthus species are not host-specific to Ku. haumeaae or other octocorals. However, we could not obtain any 16S-rDNA sequences, which contain the V5 region sensu Sinniger et al. (2005). Therefore, further integrated studies including morphological and ecological studies are needed to describe this putative new species., Published as part of Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D., 2022, Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species, pp. 323-347 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on pages 341-342, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068, http://zenodo.org/record/5799592, {"references":["Sinniger F, Ocana OV, Baco AR. 2013. Diversity of zoanthids (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) on Hawaiian seamounts: description of the Hawaiian gold coral and additional zoanthids. PLoS One 8: e 52607.","Sinniger F, Montoya-Burgos JI, Chevaldonne P, Pawlowski J. 2005. Phylogeny of the order Zoantharia (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) based on the mitochondrial ribosomal genes. Marine Biology 147: 1121 - 1128."]}

GENUS CHURABANA GEN. NOV. (FIG. 4A���H) Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act: EACFCC05-EA56-4F04-94A2-FB716F22004C. Type species: Churabana kuroshioae sp. nov. by original designation. Diagnosis: Parazoanthidae with obligate symbiotic relationship with massive hexasterophoran sponges. Preserved polyps 3.0���4.0 mm in height, 2.8���4.0 mm in diameter. Azooxanthellate. Cteniform endodermal marginal musculature. Remarks: Churabana and other already described sponge-associated zoantharian genera can be easily distinguished from each other by their host sponges (Hexactinellida sponges vs. Demospongiae sponge) and depths; the former can be found at> 140 m, while the latter are found in shallow coral reefs. Although Churabana and several species within Isozoanthus and Epizoanthus are associated with Hexactinellida sponges, these three genera can be distinguished from each other by their hosts: the latter two genera are associated with species within the subclass Amphidiscophora, while species of Churabana are associated with sponge species within the subclass Hexasterophora. Churabana has a unique deletion of 15 bp (from position 168 to 182 in our alignment) in its 16S-rDNA region. Etymology: The generic name is derived from the Ryukyuan language words chura, beautiful, and bana, flower, referring to the appearance of this species. Gender feminine. The Japanese name is 'Chura-tama-sunaginchaku'., Published as part of Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D., 2022, Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species, pp. 323-347 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 333, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068, http://zenodo.org/record/5799592