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BackgroundCombination of antipsychotic drugs and modified electroconvulsive therapy （MECT） is currently a commonly used method for treating schizophrenia， but its efficacy varies among different patient groups.ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effects of MECT on schizophrenia patients living in different urban versus rural environments， so as to provide references for the selection of treatment plans based on patients' residence.MethodsA total of 587 patients hospitalized at Luzhou Mental Health Center， Zigong Mental Health Center and Yibin Fourth People's Hospital from May 2018 to August 2022， who met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） ，were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups： medication-only group （n=106） and MECT combined with medication group （n=481）. In MECT combined with medication group， 24 rural patients residing in urban areas were excluded， leaving the remaining patients divided into urban group （n=103） and rural group （n=354） based on their place of residence. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） was used to assess the severity of symptoms. Clinical efficacy was evaluated using PANSS score reduction rate， and covariance analysis was used to compare the therapeutic effects of different patients.ResultsThe differences of reduction rate of PANSS total score， positive symptom scale score and negative symptom scale score as well as treatment effectiveness rate between MECT combined with medication group and medication-only group were statistically significant （F=11.149， 12.111， 31.725， χ2=14.010， P

Objective: To review the experience of using endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of biliary complications during perioperative period of primary liver cancer at our hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients undergoing ERCP treatment for biliary complications during perioperative period of primary liver cancer at our hospital from October 2016 to June 2023. According to the indications of ERCP for biliary complications, the cases were divided into bile duct tumor thrombus group, bile duct stricture group, and bile leakage group. The baseline data, laboratory test results before and after ERCP treatment, treatment outcomes, and other datas of the patients with different types of biliary complication were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 25 patients underwent 25 cases of ERCP, among which 23 patients were successfully cannulated, with a success rate of 92.0%. There were 14 cases of bile duct stenosis, mainly treated with biliary balloon dilation, probe dilation, stent implantation, and nasobiliary drainage; 6 cases of bile leakage, mainly treated with stent implantation and nasobiliary drainage; 5 cases of bile duct tumor thrombus, mainly treated with net basket and balloon thrombectomy, stent implantation, and nasobiliary drainage. After ERCP treatment, the patient's serum total bilirubin, serum direct bilirubin, and γ-glutamyl transferase significantly decreased compared to those before the treatment (P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SpyGlass direct visualization system (DS) in treatment of patients with difficult choledocholithiasis after removing failure through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and surgical approach. Methods The clinical data of 8 patients with choledocholithiasis who had undergone lithotripsy with SpyGlass DS combined with ERCP in department of surgery Ruijin Hospital, from January 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis and treatment and adverse events incidence were evaluated. All cases were with difficult choledocholithiasis. Seven cases had removal stone failure of ERCP including 4 cases with 1 time, 1 case with 5 times, and the other 2 cases with 6 times. One case had history of surgical treatment failure. Results A total of 8 cases received 10 times of Spyglass DS procedures with all cases successful visualization of bile duct stones and complete stone removal. Four cases (50%) underwent successful stone removal at the first procedure. The other 4 cases (50%) were successful stone removal after treatment again from 1 week to 4 months post procedures. One case was diagnosed both common bile duct stone and bile duct tumor and treated by surgery after endoscopy. There were 2 cases (20%) with slight epigastric pain, 3 cases (30%) with fever, 1 case (10%) with hyperamylasemia, 4 cases (40%) with abnormal liver function and 1 case (10%) with acute cholangitis. All cases with symptom were mild and improved after treatment. No procedure-related pancreatitis, gastrointestinal perforation or massive hemorrhage was found. Conclusions SpyGlass DS with ERCP and lithotripsy would be effective and safe in diagnosis and treatment of the patients with difficult choledocholithiasis who had previous treatment failure by conventional methods.

Mn4+-activated fluoride phosphors are some of the crucial red-emitting phosphors for white lighting systems driven by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this study, we successfully synthesized high-quality K2Si1−xF6:xMn4+ (nominal x = 0.03–0.70, measured x of 0.22%–33.3%) crystals, measuring approximately 1 mm in size, through a new cooling-induced crystallization method. These crystals exhibit narrow line-type photoluminescence emission bands and exceptional optical properties, including a high absorption efficiency of up to 92.9% and an external quantum efficiency of up to 78.5%, which are among the record values for Mn4+-doped fluoride phosphors. Furthermore, they exhibit a notably elevated luminescence thermal quenching temperature (T1/2) exceeding 500 K. A comprehensive investigation into the phase transformation, zero-phonon line tuning, and fluorescence decay behavior as a function of increasing Mn concentrations was also conducted. Practical applications were demonstrated through the fabrication of warm white LEDs, integrating a blue LED with a garnet yellow phosphor and the as-synthesized K2Si1−xF6:xMn4+ (measured x of 2.94%) crystals as the red component. The white LEDs exhibit an impressive luminous efficacy of 192.1 lm W−1, a color rendering index of Ra = 87.5 and R9 = 62 under a 20 mA driving current. Our study highlights the outstanding properties of Mn4+-doped fluoride crystals with bulk size rather than conventional powdery form and the potential of the cooling-induced crystallization method for cultivating the crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid advancement of industrial automation in the automotive manufacturing sector has heightened demand for welding quality, particularly in critical component welding, where traditional manual inspection methods are inefficient and prone to human error, leading to low defect recognition rates that fail to meet modern manufacturing standards. To address these challenges, an enhanced YOLOv8-based algorithm for steel defect detection, termed YOLOv8-WD (weld detection), was developed to improve accuracy and efficiency in identifying defects in steel. We implemented a novel data augmentation strategy with various image transformation techniques to enhance the model's generalization across different welding scenarios. The Efficient Vision Transformer (EfficientViT) architecture was adopted to optimize feature representation and contextual understanding, improving detection accuracy. Additionally, we integrated the Convolution and Attention Fusion Module (CAFM) to effectively combine local and global features, enhancing the model's ability to capture diverse feature scales. Dynamic convolution (DyConv) techniques were also employed to generate convolutional kernels based on input images, increasing model flexibility and efficiency. Through comprehensive optimization and tuning, our research achieved a mean average precision (map) at IoU 0.5 of 90.5% across multiple datasets, contributing to improved weld defect detection and offering a reliable automated inspection solution for the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermolecular charge transfer (inter‐CT) is commonly considered to quench luminescence in molecular aggregates, especially for near‐infrared (NIR) emission. Herein, by elaborate comparison of π‐bridge effects in donor/acceptor (D/A) molecules, it is disclosed that a π‐bridge is essential in D/A molecule to involve inter‐CT in aggregates for inducing desired thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and largely suppressing non‐radiative decays, and importantly, electron‐donating π‐bridge is critical to maximize radiative decay for inter‐CT dominated emission by effective electronic coupling with bright intramolecular charge transfer (intra‐CT) for high‐efficiency NIR emission. As a proof‐of‐concept, TPATAP with thienyl as π‐bridge realized prominent photoluminescence quantum yields of 18.9% at 788 nm in solid films, and achieved record‐high maximum external quantum efficiencies of 4.53% at 785 nm in devices. These findings provide fresh insight into interplay between inter‐CT and intra‐CT in molecular aggregates and open a new avenue to attenuate the limitation of energy gap law for developing highly efficient NIR emitters and improving the luminescent efficiency of various inter‐CT systems, such as organic photovoltaic, organic long persistent luminescence, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading diabetes complication that develops into a severe health care crisis because of its high incidence and huge financial burden (Andersen et al. [...], Autophagy dysfunction is a hallmark of type 1 diabetes. However, the precise molecular mechanism of proteinuria-induced dysfunctional autophagy remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the role of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in the regulation of autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in vivo and in vitro. RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting demonstrated an upregulation of Pdcd4 mRNA and protein in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DKD rats, as compared to the control. In addition, IHC and western blotting of a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model showed an upregulation of PDCD4 in the disease group, as compared to their respective controls. IHC analysis of kidney biopsy samples of human DKD patients showed an upregulation of PDCD4 compared to the control. Western blotting of the STZ-induced DKD rat tissues displayed a low microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II, as compared to the control. It was found that albumin overload in cultured PTECs upregulated the expression of PDCD4 and p62 and decreased the expression of LC3-II and autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) proteins. The knockout of Pdcd4 in cultured PTECs could reduce albumin-induced dysfunctional autophagy, as evidenced by the recovery of Atg5 and LC3-II protein. The forced expression of PDCD4 could further suppress the expression of the crucial autophagy-related gene Atg5. Evidence suggests that endogenous PDCD4 promotes proteinuria-induced dysfunctional autophagy by negatively regulating Atg5. Therefore, PDCD4 may be a potential therapeutic target in DKD. Key words: autophagy, programmed cell death 4, diabetes kidney disease, Atg5. La dysfonction de l&apos;autophagie est une caractéristique du diabète de type 1. Toutefois, le mécanisme moléculaire précis de la dysfonction de l&apos;autophagie induite par la protéinurie n&apos;est pas compris. Dans cette étude, le rôle de PDCD4 (<< programmed cell death 4 >>) dans la régulation de l&apos;autophagie dans la pathogenèse de la maladie rénale diabétique (MRD) in vivo et in vitro est décrit. La RT-qPCR, l&apos;immunohistochimie (IHC) et le buvardage Western ont démontré une régulation à la hausse de l&apos;ARNm et de la protéine PDCD4 chez les rats avec MRD induite par la streptozotocine (STZ), par rapport au contrôle. En outre, l&apos;IHC et le buvardage Western dans un modèle d&apos;obstruction urétérale unilatérale chez la souris ont montré une régulation à la hausse de PDCD4 dans le groupe malade, par rapport à leur contrôle respectif. L&apos;analyse en IHC d&apos;échantillons de biopsies rénales de patients humains atteints de MRD a montré une régulation à la hausse de PDCD4 par rapport au contrôle. Le buvardage western de tissus de rats avec une MRD induite par la STZ a montré une faible présence de LC3-II (<< microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 >>), par rapport au contrôle. Il a été constaté que la surcharge d&apos;albumine dans les cellules épithéliales de tubules proximaux (PTEC) en culture pouvait réguler à la hausse l&apos;expression de PDCD4 et de p62, et diminuer l&apos;expression de LC3-II et de la protéine liée à l&apos;autophagie Atg5. Le knockout de PDCD4 dans les PTEC en culture pouvait réduire l&apos;autophagie dysfonctionnelle induite par l&apos;albumine, comme le montre la récupération des proteins Atg5 et LC3-II. L&apos;expression forcée de PDCD4 pouvait également supprimer l&apos;expression d&apos;Atg5, un gène crucial lié à l&apos;autophagie. Dans cette étude, les preuves suggèrent que la PDCD4 endogène favorise l&apos;autophagie dysfonctionnelle induite par la protéinurie en régulant négativement Atg5. La PDCD4 pourrait donc être une cible thérapeutique potentielle dans la MRD. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : autophagie, mort cellulaire programmée 4, maladie rénale diabétique, Atg5.

Simple Summary: Isoorientin is an excellent antioxidant and regulator of lipid metabolism. We added this drug to the in vitro medium of porcine embryos and found a significant increase in the developmental rate and quality of the embryos. Isoorientin (ISO) is a natural lignan glycoside flavonoid found in various plants, including Charcot and Stonecrop. ISO exhibits diverse physiological and pharmacological effects, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antianxiety, and anti-myocardial ischaemic properties, as well as lipid metabolism regulation. This study investigated the impact of ISO supplementation on oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in porcine early embryos, along with its underlying mechanisms. Porcine embryos were cultured in vitro under different concentrations of ISO (0, 1, 10, and 100 nM). The results revealed that 10 nM ISO significantly enhanced the blastocyst rate and total embryonic cell count in vitro. ISO-treated embryos exhibited reduced reactive oxygen species levels and elevated glutathione levels compared to the untreated group. In addition, ISO treatment significantly increased the expression of the key antioxidant regulator Nrf2, improved mitochondrial function, and reduced lipid droplet accumulation. Concurrently, early embryo autophagy and apoptosis levels decreased. Furthermore, ISO treatment upregulated antioxidant-related genes (SOD1, SOD2, and CAT) and mitochondrial biogenesis related genes (NRF1, NRF2, and SIRT1), while downregulating lipid synthesis-related genes (SREBP1 and FASN). Additionally, lipid hydrolysis-related genes (ACADS) were elevated. These findings collectively suggest that ISO may facilitate early embryonic development in pigs by ameliorating oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the necessity and safety of performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during the pandemic of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and to share our experience. Methods Clinical data from 174 patients who underwent ERCP procedures in department of surgery and department of emergency Ruijin Hospital, during the period from 17 January 2020 to 19 May 2020 as study group were analyzed retrospectively. All procedures were carried out under strict protective measures. Data from 230 patients who received ERCP during the same period last year were analyzed as control group. The medical records of patients were compared between two groups inclu-ding clinical characteristics, indications, ERCP procedure and duration, complications and hospital stay. Results The cases with biliary and pancreatic malignant obstruction in study group (52, 29.9%) increased significantly compared with those in control group (41, 17.8%) (P=0.004), while the patients of scheduled second ERCP significantly decreased [2(1.1%) vs. 33(14.3%), P

In order to study the vibration characteristics of the bolt structure of the excavator and the crawler frame, the WK-75 mechanical excavator was used as the research object, The RecerDyn multi-body dynamics simulation software was used to simulate the excavator movement process and extracted load spectrum, and Fourier transform of the load spectrum by MATLAB to obtain the load spectrum frequency. The natural frequency of the bolt structure is obtained by ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software. The frequency of the load spectrum and the natural frequency are compared for the loosing condition of the bolt structure. It is of some reference value to the further study on the vibration characteristics of the connecting bolt of the excavator.

The crack propagation characteristic property of the high-speed train gears is researched,the location of crack initiation is determined by a statics analysis and building gear pair model in the ABAQUS software.A finite element model of helical gear pair with crack at tooth root is established by ABAQUS software,then the stress intensity factor of the different nodes of crack tip is calculated based on the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics.Then,the way and the growth trajectory of the crack is studied,the propagation life of the crack at tooth root are obtained by calculation.Based on the obtained result,the influence of load magnitude and other factors on the crack propagation life is discussed.The study indicate that the crack expands slowly at first and then faster and faster,the influence of load magnitude on the crack propagation life is obvious.

Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from pure organic materials, whether in crystalline or film phases, has recently attracted considerable attention. Experimental evidence increasingly suggests that RTP originates from isomeric dopants (impurity) rather than pure compounds. The underlying mechanism and molecular design principles have remained elusive. Herein, the "heterofission mechanism" for RTP is proposed, wherein a singlet excited state is split into two triplets, one remains within the host, while the other migrates to the guest (dopant) molecule, satisfying Ehost(S1) ≈ Ehost(T1) + Eguest(T1). It is found that all the dopants possess a low triplet excited state, meeting the energy requirement for the heterofission process. The sum of the calculated emission spectra from these two triplets overlaps well with the experimentally measured broad phosphorescent spectra. Furthermore, the calculated heterofission rates are expected to occur at the picosecond timescale. Efficient Dexter energy transfer leads to the guest predominantly dominating the RTP. Based on this mechanism, we can predict potential host and guest candidates to expand the family of pure organic RTP materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]