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1. SPSW: Database Watermarking Based on Fake Tuples and Sparse Priority Strategy

Author

Ren, Zhiwen, Ma, Zehua, Zhang, Weiming, and Yu, Nenghai

Subjects
Computer Science - Databases
Abstract

Databases play a crucial role in storing and managing vast amounts of data in various organizations and industries. Yet the risk of database leakage poses a significant threat to data privacy and security. To trace the source of database leakage, researchers have proposed many database watermarking schemes. Among them, fake-tuples-based database watermarking shows great potential as it does not modify the original data of the database, ensuring the seamless usability of the watermarked database. However, the existing fake-tuple-based database watermarking schemes need to insert a large number of fake tuples for the embedding of each watermark bit, resulting in low watermark transparency. Therefore, we propose a novel database watermarking scheme based on fake tuples and sparse priority strategy, named SPSW, which achieves the same watermark capacity with a lower number of inserted fake tuples compared to the existing embedding strategy. Specifically, for a database about to be watermarked, we prioritize embedding the sparsest watermark sequence, i.e., the sequence containing the most `0' bits among the currently available watermark sequences. For each bit in the sparse watermark sequence, when it is set to `1', SPSW will embed the corresponding set of fake tuples into the database. Otherwise, no modifications will be made to the database. Through theoretical analysis, the proposed sparse priority strategy not only improves transparency but also enhances the robustness of the watermark. The comparative experimental results with other database watermarking schemes further validate the superior performance of the proposed SPSW, aligning with the theoretical analysis.

Published
2024

9. Phase Multipath Detection and Its Effect on Positioning Based on Multi-GNSS

Author

Ren, Zhiwen, Kuang, Cuilin, Zhang, Zhetao, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Sun, Jiadong, editor, Yang, Changfeng, editor, and Xie, Jun, editor

Published
2020
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18. A Robust Database Watermarking Scheme That Preserves Statistical Characteristics

Author

Ren, Zhiwen, Fang, Han, Zhang, Jie, Ma, Zehua, Lin, Ronghao, Zhang, Weiming, and Yu, Nenghai

Abstract

Database watermarking can be used for copyright verification and leakage traceability, effectively protecting the security of the database. However, the existing watermarking schemes commonly embed watermarks by modifying the original data, which changes the statistical characteristics and affects the statistical analysis of the database. Therefore, this paper proposes SCPW, a Statistical Characteristics Preserving robust database Watermarking framework. First, we perform a theoretical analysis and propose a data modification scheme maintaining the statistical characteristics unchanged. Then, we establish the correspondence between the data and the watermarks that need to be embedded in it by grouping. Finally, the watermark message is embedded into the database through data verification and modification. Specifically, for data that needs to be watermarked, we first verify whether the potential watermark bits extracted from the data are the same as bits that need to be embedded. If they are the same, we regard this original data, usually a floating point number, as a “good number” and do not modify it. Otherwise, we modify the data until it becomes a “good number” using a data modification scheme that preserves the statistical characteristics proposed by the theoretical analysis. In addition, we also use the genetic algorithm to optimize the grouping results and increase the proportion of “good number”, thereby reducing the proportion of data that needs to be modified and further reducing distortion. To our best knowledge, SCPW is the first watermarking scheme that ensures the preservation of statistical characteristics, and the experimental results also prove its excellent ability to preserve statistical characteristics compared to existing schemes. Moreover, experiments also illustrate that our method is robust against a wide range of attacks. When under deletion attack (deletion rate = 90%), the bit error rate of watermark extraction is only 0.8%, which is more than 12% lower than the current best method.

Published
2024
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23. Preparation and Evaluation of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Loaded Tween 80-Albumin Nanoparticle for Traumatic Brain Injury Treatment

Author

Xue, Yuanfeng, Ding, Junhong, Liu, Yulong, Pan, Yuchun, Zhao, Penglai, Ren, Zhiwen, Xu, Jian, Ye, Liangliang, and Xu, Ying

Subjects
Aquaporin 4, Male, Neurons, traumatic brain injury, Static Electricity, Brain, rh-erythropoietin, electrostatic spray technology, Brain Edema, Recombinant Proteins, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Drug Liberation, Tween 80 modified albumin nanoparticle, International Journal of Nanomedicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Albumins, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Animals, Humans, Nanoparticles, Particle Size, Rheology, Erythropoietin, Original Research
Abstract

Yuanfeng Xue,1,* Junhong Ding,1,* Yulong Liu,2 Yuchun Pan,1 Penglai Zhao,3 Zhiwen Ren,1 Jian Xu,1 Liangliang Ye,1 Ying Xu2 1Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch Southeast University, Nanjing 211200, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuanfeng Xue; Ying Xu Tel +8613951706820; +8651185038451Email 672455219@qq.com; ingyx@sina.com.cnObjective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious health problem with few available treatment options. Rh-erythropoietin (rh-EPO) is a potential therapeutic drug for TBI, but it cannot cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) directly. In this regard, a novel strategy to deliver rh-EPO for enhanced TBI treatment is via the development of Tween 80 modified albumin nanoparticles using electrostatic spray technology.Methods: The rh-EPO loaded Tween 80 modified albumin nanoparticles (rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs) were prepared by electrostatic spray technology, while the process parameters were optimized via a single factor design. Investigation of physicochemical properties, bioactivity and stability of rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs was carried out. The in vitro release and biocompatibility with nerve cells were also analyzed. The in vivo brain targeting efficiency, brain edema relieving effect and the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the brain were evaluated in TBI model rats.Results: The particle size of optimal rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs was about 438 ± 45 nm, with a zeta potential of − 25.42 ± 0.8 mv. The average drug loading ratio of rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs was 21.3± 3.7 IU/mg with a relative bioactivity of 91.6 ± 4.1%. The in vitro release of rh-EPO from the nanoparticles was rather slow, while neither the blank Tw-ABNPs nor rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs exhibited toxicity on the microglia cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments indicated that the rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs could enhance the distribution of EPO in the brain and relieve brain edema more effectively. Moreover, compared with an rh-EPO injection, the rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs could increase the AQP4 level but reduced GFAP expression in the brain with more efficiency.Conclusion: The rh-EPO-Tw-ABNPs could enhance the transport of rh-EPO into the brain with superior therapeutic effect for TBI.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, rh-erythropoietin, Tween 80 modified albumin nanoparticle, electrostatic spray technology

Published
2020

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