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We analyze the computational reproducibility of more than 1,000 empirical answers to 6 research questions in finance provided by 168 research teams. Running the researchers' code on the same raw data regenerates exactly the same results only 52% of the time. Reproducibility is higher for researchers with better coding skills and those exerting more effort. It is lower for more technical research questions, more complex code, and results lying in the tails of the distribution. Researchers exhibit overconfidence when assessing the reproducibility of their own research. We provide guidelines for finance researchers and discuss implementable reproducibility policies for academic journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's "war for talent," effectively managing the salesperson lifecycle is more crucial than ever. This process, which encompasses hiring, onboarding, managing, developing, retaining, and terminating salespeople, is fraught with many challenges that have been neglected by academic research. This special issue helps to close the prevailing research gaps through six high-quality articles about salesperson lifecycle management, answering important research questions related to the stages of hiring, onboarding, managing, and retaining. In addition, this editorial outlines key managerial challenges and emerging research priorities, laying the foundation for future research on salesperson lifecycle management. It also presents the results of a survey conducted with sales managers, confirming the challenges they face and the importance of the proposed research priorities. Future articles can draw on these statistics to find and motivate research topics worthy of investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atomistic simulations often rely on interatomic potentials to access greater time and length scales than those accessible to first-principles methods, such as density functional theory. However, since a parameterized potential typically cannot reproduce the true potential energy surface of a given system, we should expect a decrease in accuracy and increase in error in quantities of interest calculated from these simulations. Quantifying the uncertainty on the outputs of atomistic simulations is thus an important, necessary step so that there is confidence in the results and available metrics to explore improvements in said simulations. Here, we address this research question by forming ensembles of atomic cluster expansion potentials, and using conformal prediction with ab initio training data to provide meaningful, calibrated error bars on several quantities of interest for silicon: the bulk modulus, elastic constants, relaxed vacancy formation energy, and the vacancy migration barrier. We evaluate the effects on uncertainty bounds using a range of different potentials and training sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Looking back at 50 years of Journal of Consumer Research methods and interviewing some of the field's most respected methodologists, this article seeks to craft a core set of best practices for scholars in consumer research. From perennial issues like conceptual validity to emerging issues like data integrity and replicability, the advice offered by our experts can help scholars improve the way they approach their research questions, provide empirical evidence that instills confidence, use new tools to make research more inclusive or descriptive of the "real world," and seek to become thought leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Advances in hierarchical modeling have improved estimation of ecological parameters from count data, especially those quantifying population abundance, distribution, and dynamics by explicitly accounting for observation processes, particularly incomplete detection. Even hierarchical models that account for incomplete detection, however, cannot compensate for data limitations stemming from poorly planned sampling. Ecologists therefore need guidance for planning count‐based studies that follow established sampling theory, collect appropriate data, and apply current modeling approaches to answer their research questions. We synthesize available literature relevant to guiding count‐based studies. Considering the central historical and ongoing contributions of avian studies to ecological knowledge, we focus on birds as a case study for this review, but the basic principles apply to all populations whose members are sufficiently observable to be counted. The sequence of our review represents the thought process in which we encourage ecologists to engage 1) the research question(s) and population parameters to measure, 2) sampling design, 3) analytical framework, 4) temporal design, and 5) survey protocol. We also provide 2 hypothetical demonstrations of these study plan components representing different research questions and study systems. Mirroring the structure of hierarchical models, we suggest researchers primarily focus on the ecological processes of interest when designing their approach to sampling, and wait to consider logistical constraints of data collection and observation processes when developing the survey protocol. We offer a broad framework for researchers planning count‐based studies, while pointing to relevant literature elaborating on particular tools and concepts.

For an e-hailing taxi operation, we analyse a driver's profit-maximising reactive strategy (to either accept or refuse a ride request) in response to the ride request broadcast by the platform. We analyse four operating modes, each of which is a combination of either of two reactive strategies: no refusal and refusal based on proximity, and either of two broadcasting methods. In an operating mode, our objective is to evaluate the expected total profit in a shift. We adopt a two-stage methodology to answer the research questions. In the first stage, we develop an agent-based simulation model to capture the effect of multiple taxis on driver's reactive strategy. Using real trip data, we find that a driver could follow a strategy of refusal based on proximity and earn approximately 25% more than the baseline no refusal strategy. In the second stage, we develop an approximate analytical model for a single taxi operation and compare the performance against the agent-based simulation model. We develop closed-form expressions of the expected total profit for each operating mode and topology of the service region. We find that our approximate analytical model provides an upper bound, and the profit deviation lies within 20% of the agent-based simulation model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the lay appeal of the Net Promoter Score (NPS) is undeniable, scholars have noted concerns over its use based on conceptual and empirical grounds. We address these concerns through an examination of three research questions: (1) To what extent do NPS responses correspond to actual word-of-mouth behaviors? (2) Do NPS responses exhibit measurement invariance across key demographic groupings? (3) How well does NPS perform (as opposed to customer satisfaction scores) as a predictor of financial performance? Study results show that NPS scores correspond to reported word-of-mouth exposure for most, but not all, product categories; NPS responses are invariant across demographic groupings; and that when examined separately, both customer satisfaction and NPS are significant predictors of differences in financial performance, but customer satisfaction explains slightly more variance. We discuss the managerial and theoretical implications arising from these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to conduct an exploratory study examining factors that influence the academic success of college athletes participating in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), a subject that has not been empirically studied. For this study, academic success defined as retention and graduation, represents the dependent variables of interest. Additionally, this study examines actors influencing academic success including institutional financial aid, background characteristics (race, gender), college experience (GPA, residential housing), athletic characteristics (sport, athletic expenses), organizational structure, and participation as a varsity or non-varsity athlete. This study uses institutional data from 2019-2020 NAIA's Return on Athletics (ROA) initiative, and data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Logistic regression is used to answer two research questions exploring the factors that influence NAIA college athlete success. Findings indicate athletes are retained at a high rate in comparison to available NAIA data, but certain sub-groups may be at risk for attrition. Specifically, non-varsity athletes, athletes with a grade point average below 3.0, or those who have been enrolled less than two years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can employers facilitate economic mobility for workers, particularly workers of color or those without a college degree? The authors integrate a fragmented literature to assess how employers' practices affect enhanced economic security and mobility. This article first identifies three pathways linking employers' practices to mobility: improving material job quality, increasing access to better jobs for historically marginalized workers, and promoting sustainability of employment. The authors provide a critical assessment of the research literature on recruitment and hiring practices; pay and wages; promotion practices; scheduling; leaves; diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives; and work systems as these practices relate to economic mobility. They then identify strategic questions and feasible designs for enhancing future research on these questions in order to guide policy and management practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe nine youth soccer coaches' pedagogical responses to the implementation of the new guidelines on heading introduced by the United States Soccer Federation. The specific research questions we attempted to answer were: (a) What were the coaches' perspectives and practices regarding the coaching of heading? and (b) What factors shaped the coaches' perspectives and practices? Method: The theoretical framework employed was occupational socialization. Data were collected using four qualitative techniques and reduced to themes using analytic induction and constant comparison. Findings: Key findings were that the coaches fell into one of three groups: rejectors, acceptors, and skeptics. Differences in the coaches' acculturation, professional socialization, and organizational socialization were responsible for the coaches' differing responses to the new guidelines on heading. Conclusions: Should they transfer to other coaches, these findings should help coach educators to develop stronger programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the potential for improving the accuracy, scope, and value of sales research through the application of data mining and machine learning algorithms. By examining prior research, identifying opportunities for improvement, and assessing gaps that can benefit from machine learning, research and application are made more accessible for sales researchers and managers. Machine learning can address important sales research questions that cannot be answered with the same accuracy or efficiency as traditional research methods. This study demonstrates the benefits of the methods through an example of application to the prediction of salesforce performance based on behavioral, attitudinal, and demographic data. This includes future research ideas, usage cases, and applications where machine learning could advance sales research and management. Machine learning and predictive analytics methods have multiple applications, including in B2C and B2B market contexts and for companies and independent sales teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the proliferation of cancer research based on large databases, misalignment of research questions and data set capabilities is inevitable. Nationally maintained databases are appealing to cancer researchers because of the ease of access to large amounts of patient data available for analysis and risk estimation. Data sets that are commonly used in cancer research include the National Cancer Database, the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) program of the National Cancer Institute, the SEER–Medicare database, the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, and the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project databases, among others. Each data set has pros and cons with respect to variable availability and the ability to analyze cancer‐specific outcomes. It is critical for researchers to understand the strengths and limitations of each database. Changing variable definitions, the length of postoperative data collection, and the availability of patient‐reported outcomes or social determinants of health data are examples of factors that researchers must consider when selecting a data set for research purposes. For the current review, the authors summarized the advantages and disadvantages of various national data sets for cohort studies in cancer populations. The authors summarize the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used national databases in population‐based cancer research. The recommendations they offer for appropriate database use are based on cancer type and research question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from 27 OCDE countries from 1990 to 2021, the purpose of this article is to study empirically if the Kuznets' curve hypothesis exists on economic development and health, measuring the latter through tobacco consumption. We examine the relationship between tobacco consumption and income, the Gini coefficient, life expectancy, unemployment rate, and the population's age structure to analyse the research question given the relevance to economic development and costs of tobacco use. We hypothesize that tobacco consumption increases as income levels increase until a certain tipping point, after which tobacco consumption would start to fall. We provide evidence for the existence of a Kuznets Curve for tobacco consumption. Our results also verify that inequality, unemployment rates and life expectancy increase tobacco consumption, although increases in the youth and the elderly population reduce tobacco use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research training stands out as a means to develop generic competencies, potentiate lifelong learning (LL), and integrate initiatives for compliance with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), contributing to the development of a resilient society. Therefore, the constant promotion of a research culture within higher education institutions is an essential task for reducing the gap between scientific productivity and industry challenges and proposing solutions to real-life challenges. One of the main stages involved in any research process is the proposition of a methodological design: a detailed plan conceived and later developed to answer the research questions. Nevertheless, within the engineering context, even though a wide range of methodological designs are considered, these are not always explicitly stated in research papers, so at the undergraduate level there is an absence of more precise guidelines that allow a more concise orientation. Consequently, at this level, a challenge in research training is perceived. This provided a motivation: the development of a framework for the actors involved in research training at the engineering undergraduate level so that they can easily define the methodological design. In this context, the present research proposes a framework organized upon the two main phases of every research process: design and execution. The framework is expected to promote the proper use of research methodology among engineering students. Furthermore, the methodological design from 140 selected civil engineering papers from seven different knowledge fields is analyzed. Results show that 94.29% of the papers did not explicitly present the methodological design. It was concluded that there is an absence of it within the engineering field. Thus, a methodological design framework proposal for engineering students was developed to overcome this situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the future of teacher education through researching the impact of encouraging cosmopolitan perspectives in an undergraduate children's literature course for preservice teachers. The research question focuses on how preservice teachers respond to reading and dialoguing through a cosmopolitan lens. Reading literature through a cosmopolitan lens entails a reflexive consideration of personal convictions and a reflective openness to learning from the perspectives of others. The results of this study provide insights into how preservice teachers understood a cosmopolitan response. The results also highlight the need for further critical inquiry into how to invite greater reflexive consciousness and reflective openness to other perspectives in preparing teachers for a diverse society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Serious adverse events (SAEs) are common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Reporting of SAEs in randomised clinical trials (RCTs) varies why underreporting is likely. We aim to describe the reporting of SAEs from 2020 onwards and to illustrate the recent reporting of SAEs published in major medical journals. Methods: We will conduct a methodological study assessing pharmacological interventions in RCTs including adult ICU patients. We will search 10 general medical and critical care journals in PubMed. We will include all RCTs published from 2020 onwards. The primary research question is how many RCTs report SAEs in the primary publication. Secondary research questions include how SAEs are reported in the primary publication either as (1) proportion of patients experiencing one or more SAE, (2) all single events occurred, or (3) both strategies combined. We will assess the association between the proportion of patients with reported SAEs and the following trial characteristics: multicentred versus single‐centre RCTs, industry‐sponsored versus academic‐sponsored, published trial protocol versus unpublished work, blinding, trials sample size, and RCTs focusing on COVID‐19 patients versus other populations. Discussion: The outlined methodological study will provide important information on the reporting of SAEs in recent drug trials in adult ICU patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Videogames are an increasingly prominent use case for blockchain technology (what has been termed 'cryptogaming'). Drawing on documents, such as industry presentations, social media posts, interviews and white papers, this article analyses discourses surrounding cryptogames, focusing on the claims made by cryptogame developers and investors. We ask two related research questions: What are the dominant visions of a cryptogaming future, imagined by and for various constituencies? And what sorts of values get realised in such an imagined future of game development and use? We argue that cryptogames imagine players and developers as financialised subjects, adopting attitudes and practices of risk and investment as salves to both microeconomic problems in the games industry as well as broader macroeconomic issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses three ways that research, within and outside academia, can contribute to housing activism. First, we discuss the role that documentation, using non-traditional methods such as film, art, and social media, can play in expanding the visibility of struggles and in politicizing people in the process. Second, we consider how a "politics of resourcefulness" can support activism, by channelling material support from universities and other institutions, asking research questions of interest and relevance to activists, and by investigating the barriers to, and opportunities for, sustained participation in activism. Third we analyse how recent and historic scholarship has re-imagined what housing means by locating it in a wider political sphere, of (anti)racism, participatory justice, and self-determination. We argue that such works, whilst not necessarily directly engaged in on-the-ground struggles, create a conceptual "guide for action", that stretch the question of housing (in)justice beyond (re)distribution to questions of (anti)racism, (anti)colonialism and participatory justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial in the Journal of Advanced Academics discusses the importance of trustworthiness in qualitative research. It emphasizes the need for qualitative data to be rich, descriptive, and powerful, not seen as a limitation. The editorial provides guidance on elements of trustworthiness such as confirmability, credibility, dependability, and transferability, and highlights the significance of aligning trustworthiness choices with research paradigms and theoretical perspectives. It also encourages researchers to use diverse viewpoints and strategies to promote methodological integrity in qualitative research. [Extracted from the article]

Background and Objective: An increasing number of observational studies have investigated the risk of using drugs during pregnancy on congenital malformations. However, the credibility of the causal relationships drawn from these studies remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the potential methodological issues in existing observational studies. Methods: We used a stepwise approach to investigate this issue. First, we identified observational studies published in 2020 that examined the risk of congenital malformations associated with medication use during pregnancy. We assessed the methodological characteristics for establishing causality, including study design, confounding control, and sensitivity analysis, and compared them between "core clinical journals" and "general journals." For studies reporting an increased risk of congenital malformations in core clinical journals, we searched for subsequent studies addressing the same research question published between January 2021 and May 2023 to assess the consistency of the literature. Results: A total of 40 eligible studies were published in 2020, primarily focused on the safety of vitamin B12 and folic acid (n = 4), antidepressants (n = 4), and others (n = 32). Our findings suggest that only two (5.00%) studies used causal models to guide the identification of confounding, and only eight (20.00%) studies assessed the potential dose–response relationship. In all, 15 (37.50%) studies used propensity score analysis strategy to achieve "mimic-randomization." In addition, 22 studies (55.00%) performed sensitivity analyses, while 10 (45.45%) showed inconsistency with the primary outcome. Furthermore, 5 studies reported positive outcomes, whereas only 1 out of 11 studies demonstrated a positive correlation between drug usage during pregnancy and major malformations in subsequent studies. Conclusion: A significant portion of the studies has failed to sufficiently consider the essential methodological characteristics required to improve the credibility of causal inferences. The increased risk of congenital malformations documented in core clinical journal was not adequately replicated in subsequent studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principal objective of this research is to analyse the representations of the pregnant body through the visual creativity of content creators on Instagram. This is a descriptive research project employing an analyticalsynthetic methodology and a narratological approach. The research questions addressed the type of publication, its style, and the diversity of experiences shared by future mothers. A total of 182 publications by three influencer profiles during their pregnancy stage were subjected to analysis. One of the principal findings of this study is that profiles aligned with the Realmom movement tend to share a greater number of maternal narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observational studies have a critical role in disability research, providing the opportunity to address a range of research questions. Over the past decades, there have been substantial shifts and developments in statistical methods for observational studies, most notably for causal inference. In this review, we provide an overview of modern design and analysis concepts critical for observational studies, drawing examples from the field of disability research and highlighting the challenges in this field, to inform the readership on important statistical considerations for their studies. What this paper adds: Descriptive research questions have specific analytical complexities, so careful statistical design before analysis is critical.Prediction research aims to produce a model with good predictive ability and requires thorough statistical design prior to analysis.Causal research requires careful statistical analysis planning, facilitated by modern causal inference concepts and analytical methods.Adopting these approaches will strengthen the quality of observational studies addressing a range of research questions in the disability space. What this paper adds: Descriptive research questions have specific analytical complexities, so careful statistical design before analysis is critical.Prediction research aims to produce a model with good predictive ability and requires thorough statistical design prior to analysis.Causal research requires careful statistical analysis planning, facilitated by modern causal inference concepts and analytical methods.Adopting these approaches will strengthen the quality of observational studies addressing a range of research questions in the disability space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change and CO2 emissions are critical challenges for the environment and humanity. There is extensive literature on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in particular CO2 emissions. However, comprehensive analyses focusing on electric vehicles (EVs) and their impact are lacking. This study fills this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of 1143 peer-reviewed studies from 1989 to 2023. We aimed to identify influential contributions, understand the field's structure, and reveal research gaps. Analysis included citation networks, research impact, authorship patterns, content, and publication trends. We utilized bibliometric techniques to identify the most dominant countries, institutions, authors, journals, articles, and thematic areas related to EVs and emissions. Additionally, we overviewed publications associated with key search terms. Guided by five research dimensions (EVs, emissions, adoption, policies, and infrastructures), we framed specific research questions. This research provides valuable insights for environmentalists, policymakers, regulators, and academic researchers, facilitating access to crucial data on EVs and emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to answer the following research questions: (1) How do features of sports and fitness live streaming content influence individuals' viewing experiences? (2) How do these antecedents interact with each other to influence individuals' intentions to exercise in the context of sports and fitness live streaming? Design/methodology/approach: We employed both symmetric (PLS-SEM) and asymmetric (fsQCA) analyses using data from 886 participants. A mixed approach addresses the complex nature of the decision-making process among sports and fitness live streaming users. Findings: The findings reveal that individuals' appraisal of their interactions with sports and fitness streamers (i.e. instant feedback, interactivity) significantly affects their perceptions of telepresence, entertainment, and flow. These, in turn, positively influence their intention to exercise in live sports and fitness streaming sessions. The study also uncovers various combinations of causal conditions leading to exercise intention, a detail overlooked by the PLS-SEM method alone. Originality/value: This research contributes to the literature on cognitive appraisal theory, particularly in the context of sports and fitness live streaming, by integrating symmetric and asymmetric analyses. Practically, strategic implications are provided for practitioners in sports and fitness industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article investigates the institutional setup of e-lending in public libraries in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Our point of departure is that e-lending has necessitated new library collaborations between local, regional and national levels, and therefore, institutional e-lending setups have emerged. The study seeks to provide better understanding of how the institutional setups are structured, how governance logics have shaped them and what tensions and dynamics become visible in the key actors' problematisations of these setups. Design/methodology/approach: The study is situated in the neo-institutional tradition and applies the institutional logics perspective. The research questions are answered by taking a qualitative approach, grounded in an extensive interview study with representatives of libraries, publishers and policy actors in three Scandinavian countries. To provide in-depth insight into e-lending setups, the scope of empirical material is then limited to accounts the central library and policy actors involved in establishing e-lending. Findings: The analysis shows that the e-lending setups are both similar (especially when it comes to financing), and different across Scandinavia, especially when it comes to centralisation and involvement of librarians in this task. The differences are attributed to the influence of different governance logics (question of administrative autonomy, collaboration in the field and existing legal and political frames), and to what extent the digital and market logics are incorporated or rejected in the field. Originality/value: The study provides new insights into the question of how Scandinavian public libraries face the consequences of the digitalisation of book distribution and consumption by investigating how they organise their e-lending services. This has not been explored before, notably in a comparative perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of a proper risk management procedure for water transmission projects is a significant problem that could lead to claims and disputes. This study explores risk management practices in an engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) water transmission project in Bahrain. It addresses key research questions on inadequate preconstruction risk management, its impact on project execution and stakeholder satisfaction, and the potential benefits of integrated risk management and project scope strategies. Using a case study approach, the research employs content analysis of 15 claims within the case study and thematic coding to identify risks across project phases. The study reveals challenges like scope gaps, technical deficiencies, and communication breakdowns resulting in legal disputes and a cost overrun of USD 3.6 million on the original EPC contract of USD 57.27 million. The dispute was ultimately resolved through intensive negotiations, with the contractor receiving USD 2.4 million; by analyzing contract agreements, meeting decisions, site reports, contractual letters. This case study emphasizes the need for proactive risk management during procurement and vigilant monitoring during execution, offering insights for effective project delivery. Lessons from the study emphasize the importance of stakeholder identification, change management procedures, and specialized works management for successful project execution. The research contributes practical recommendations, highlighting the critical role of comprehensive risk mitigation in EPC projects and empowering stakeholders to make informed decisions for successful outcomes. The findings can also assist vendors in understanding potential risks, being aware of the consequences of improper risk management implementation and making informed decisions before signing a contract. Through its methodology, case study insights, and practical recommendations, this study significantly contributes to the body of knowledge, providing valuable lessons and strategies applicable to a broader spectrum of similar projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Digital servitization research has focused on how manufacturing firms use digital technologies to change business models and offer smart services; less attention has been devoted to the degree to which external actors in the existing ecosystem accept these smart services. Therefore, the authors pose the following research question: How does a manufacturing firm introduce and gain acceptance of new smart services within an established ecosystem? Design/methodology/approach: Building on servitization, ecosystem and legitimacy theories, this paper addresses the research question through an in-depth case study of a world-leading original equipment manufacturer that is currently developing and introducing new smart services in its existing ecosystem. Findings: The findings suggest that external actors emphasize different types of legitimacy in deciding whether to accept a new smart service. The findings also show that the type of legitimacy required to gain acceptance changes throughout the development of the smart service, from the definition of the value proposition to the design and delivery of the service. Practical implications: This study can assist smart service providers in identifying which type of legitimacy is important for each ecosystem actor and strengthening these types of legitimacy to gain acceptance from the ecosystem. Originality/value: This study develops a framework to help describe the thresholds for acceptance of a smart service through the development phases, as well as to indicate the types of legitimacy that smart service providers must relate to when seeking to gain acceptance for their new offering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In recent years, scholars in accounting and finance have shown a growing interest in employing machine learning for academic research. This study combines bibliographic coupling and literature review to analyze 575 papers from 93 well-established journals in the field of accounting and finance published between 1996 and 2022, and addresses three interrelated research questions (RQs): RQ1 How is research on the impact of machine learning on accounting and finance developed? RQ2 What is the focus within this corpus of literature? RQ3 What are the future avenues of machine learning in accounting and finance research? We adopt a critical approach to the research foci identified in the literature corpus. Our findings reveal an increased interest in this field since 2015, with the majority of studies focused either on the US market or on a global scale, with a significant increase in publications related to Asian markets during 2020–2022 compared to other regions. We also identify that supervised models are the most frequently applied, in contrast to unsupervised models, which mainly focus on clustering applications or topic extraction through the LDA algorithm, and reinforcement models, which are rarely applied, yield mixed results. Additionally, our bibliographic analysis reveals six clusters, and we discuss key topics, current challenges and opportunities. Finally, we outline machine learning constraints, highlighting common pitfalls, and proposing effective strategies to overcome current barriers and further advance research on this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the intense and long-standing interest surrounding early sport specialisation, scholars still debate its nature and implications. Previous researchers have also identified the need for further research relating to the psychological aspects of early specialisation such as lower quality motivation, dropout and burnout. To help guide future research it is important to build upon the quantitative literature concerning such psychological aspects of early specialisation. The specific aims of this paper are to provide an overview of research results of quantitative studies that set out to explore relationships between early specialisation and psychological aspects, and to critically examine the designs of such studies. As such, study design characteristics including participant demographics, the psychological aspects represented, and the research questions and results are explored. Data searches were conducted in PubMed, SportDiscus, and PsychINFO using search terms such as "early sport speciali*". Twenty-one relevant papers met the inclusion criteria. The results highlight that the published papers in this area are broad in some respects (variety of sports, performance levels, and gender), but narrow in others (North American dominance, few psychological aspects explored, and few papers per psychological aspect). Many of the studies are based on cross-sectional and retrospective self-reports. Overall, this paper serves as a foundation on which to design future research studies in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research into mathematics education at university level includes a wide range of theoretical approaches. This poses considerable challenges to researchers in terms of understanding and harmonizing the compatibility and commensurability of those approaches. The research community has already problematised and studied these challenges using networking theories. The networking theories framework is taken as a starting point in this study to contrast different approaches and to broaden the comparison of different frameworks. In particular, three case studies framed in the Action, Process, Object, Schema Theory, in the Problem-Solving approach, and in the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic are analysed. The differences and possible similarities between the three with regard to the research questions addressed, their objects of study, their empirical bases, as well as their research ends are considered. The analysis offers an insight into the potential for collaboration and the networking of theories in the field of university mathematics education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study answers the following research questions: 1) What types of mathematical errors do future teachers identify when they reflect on their practice? and 2) Which levels of development of the didactic suitability assessment competence for the "errors" component can be inferred when they reflect on their practice? To answer these questions, we explain the Didactic Suitability Criteria construct and describe the associated training cycle structure in the theoretical and methodological framework sections. We followed a qualitative research methodology that mainly consists of thematic analysis. The study conducted allows finding inductive categories of types of mathematical errors, such as error in the task instructions, error of proposition, procedural error, error in the representation, error in the definition and error in the argument. It also enables establishing levels of development of the didactic suitability assessment competence of future teachers for the "errors" component. The main conclusion of this research is the importance of the context to decide what a mathematical error is. The need to further examine the notion of mathematical error in the training of future mathematics teachers is also stressed. Another conclusion is the development of a rubric that allows for more accurate and deeper reflections of future teachers on the errors made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter presents an explicit description of each strand of teacher educator knowledge and considers how the context represented in an analytic narrative vignette provided constraints and affordances in terms of my ability as a self-study of teacher education practice to reveal what I came to understand about teacher educator knowledge. I explored individually the seven strands of teacher educator knowledge, which are Content Knowledge, Fixed and Flexible Elements, Knowledge of Milieu, Pedagogical Intent, Preservice Teacher Knowledge and Belief, Value and Fragility of Relationships, and Theory. The discussion is guided by the holistic initial research question, "What does my transition to online teaching reveal about my teacher educator knowledge?" To communicate these strands of teacher educator knowledge in my transition to teaching online, I first defined the strand generally, showed how it operates in terms of planning, teaching and reflecting, and ended with an explanation of how this knowledge informed my identity and commitments as a teacher educator. As a narrative self-study of practice focused on the goals of personal improvement as well as to inform the larger research community, in this discussion, I focus on the learning that emerged during the shifts to teaching online. I have avoided as much as possible making claims about what I uncovered as representing the entirety of teacher educator knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how existing supply chain finance challenges confronting SMEs are affected by the emergence of smart fintech providers. In so doing the paper aims at uncovering critical role of fintech service provision in SCF and associated mechanisms that affect the SCF partners. Design/methodology/approach: An in-depth case study approach has been applied in this study. The overall design is informed by a 5-stage-based case study approach developed in operation management, including the literature review and research question, followed by case selection and instrument development, the data gathering, the analysis and findings and dissemination. Findings: The study shows that fintech service provider is capable of offering different digital technologies adapted to specific needs while concomitantly orchestrating the information flow across the partners. Key mechanisms that influence the establishment of trust-based relationships among the SCF partners, and related service processes and value creation based on the platform system architecture are explained. Practical implications: Several practical implications for digital platform management and other key digital SCF partners are identified. Originality/value: This paper contributes a novel perspective on the importance of digital trust in SCF and also contributes to the existing literature by filling up a gap with a new and fine-grained understanding of the role of fintech companies in SCF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies using real‐world data (RWD) can complement evidence from clinical trials and fill evidence gaps during different stages of a medicine's lifecycle. This review presents the experience resulting from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) pilot to generate RWE to support evaluations by EU regulators and down‐stream decision makers from September 2021 to February 2023. A total of 61 research topics were identified for RWE generation during this period, covering a wide range of research questions, primarily generating evidence on medicines safety (22, 36%), followed by questions on the design and feasibility of clinical trials (11, 18%), drug utilization (10, 16%), clinical management (10, 16%), and disease epidemiology. A significant number of questions were related to the pediatric population and/or rare diseases. A total of 27 regulatory‐led RWD studies have been conducted. Most studies were descriptive and aimed at estimating incidence and prevalence rates of clinical outcomes including adverse events or to evaluate medicines utilization. The review highlights key learnings to guide further efforts to enable the use and establish the value of real‐world evidence (RWE) for regulatory decisions. For instance, there is a need to access additional fit‐for‐purpose and representative data, and to explore further means to provide timely evidence that meets regulatory timelines. The need for early interactions and close collaboration with study requesters, e.g., from the Agency's scientific Committees, to better understand the research question is equally important. Finally, the review provides our perspective on the way forward to maximize the potential of regulatory‐led RWE generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain is a technology that combines a set of properties to guarantee network security, transparency, and visibility, including a decentralized structure, distributed notes and storage mechanism, consensus algorithm, intelligent contracts, and asymmetric encryption. Supply chain management activities, including supply chain management provenance, business process reengineering, and security enhancement, have enormous potential to be transformed by blockchain. This research uses the integrated interpretive structural modeling–cross‐impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (ISM‐MICMAC) technique to ascertain the hierarchical relationships and to comprehend the severity of interrelationships among various components in tackling our research questions. In MICMAC analysis, the enablers were classified into four categories based on their dependence and driving powers. The combined ISM‐MICMAC methodology employed for this study relies on experts' individual evaluations and subjective assessments. Therefore, even with extreme caution, it is impossible to guarantee that the results are entirely devoid of personal biases. To further validate the linkages discovered in this study, we suggest employing more multiple‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) methodologies and comparing the results with those of our research. Another method for confirming the results of the current study is to use an empirical research design based on survey methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of using accessible learning objects in order to ensure access to education for all students is notable. The present work sought to bring an overview of the research on accessible learning objects for the visually impaired based on the systematic literature review methodology. Then, 620 articles from five scientific databases were retrieved, of which 44 were considered for analysis. The results showed that the research question and sub-question were answered, and it was possible to perceive the support that distance education tools can provide if they are accessible. Finally, the various ways in which the researchers approached the accessibility of each learning object were identified and the more specific models, techniques and computational tools that exist and are used in the context of education were detected in order to promote accessibility for people with visual impairments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: With the change in climate and increased pollution, there has been a need to reduce environmental carbon emissions. This research aims to develop a framework for reducing environmental carbon footprints to improve business performance. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses Scientific Procedures and Rationales for the Systematic Literature Reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) approach. Articles are searched in the Scopus database using various keywords and their combinations. It resulted in 651 articles initially. After applying different screening criteria, 61 articles were considered for the final study. Findings: This study provided four themes and sub-themes within each category. This research also used theories, methodologies and context (TMC) framework to provide future research questions. This study used the antecedents, decisions and outcomes (ADO) framework for synthesising the findings. The ADO framework will help to achieve carbon neutrality and improve firms' supply chain (SC) performance. Research limitations/implications: This study provides theoretical implications by highlighting the various theories that can be used in future research. This study also states the practical implications for the achievement of carbon neutrality by the firms. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature linking carbon neutrality with business performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative phenomenology study aimed to address the experiences of Philippine Air Force officers stationed at the Air Education Training and Doctrine Command (AETDC) and their strategies for coping with challenges through in-depth interview and focus group discussion. There were ten participants for IDI and ten for FGD. For the first research question, five significant themes emerged related to the challenges faced by participants at AETDC, including adaptation, military learning curve, impact of military service, compliance and communication within the military, and ranking and length of service in the military. The second research question revealed four coping mechanisms adopted by the participants: adaptive resilience, psychological strategies in military service, collaborative support network, and creating a professional and resilient work environment. Lastly, the third research question exposed three insights from participants, namely workplace resilience, adjustments, and the dynamic and context-dependent nature of workplace strategies. The study concluded that participants shared similar challenges, coping mechanisms, and reflections, emphasizing the complex and multifaceted nature of military service and the importance of adaptive strategies for effective work adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Extreme weather impacts due to climate change, such as urban pluvial flooding, necessitate adaptive measures. To support decision making in climate adaptation, climate services provide information and guidance to policy makers and other stakeholders. Effective use of climate services is prohibited by usability gaps. Some causes for these gaps originate from contextual factors. However, these factors are not well understood within academic literature. Therefore, our systematic review has two research questions: (1) What dimensions of climate service usability are considered in the design and evaluation of their use and how are these operationalized?; and (2) What contextual influences may affect these identified dimensions? To this end, we analyzed 51 articles that cover one or more urban pluvial flooding climate services. Our results show several overarching categories of usability dimensions (functionality, ease of use, reducing time and effort, reliability, matching user needs, and other). However, these dimensions are not always fully operationalized by authors. Furthermore, our results show that most contextual factors originate from the meso level (within or between organizations), and in lesser extent the macro (e.g., national policies) and micro level (individual users). Here especially organizational (e.g., Does the climate service fit organizational work approaches?); and process factors (e.g., Was the climate service co‐produced?) have been shown to affect usability. We conclude that more attention should be given to usability as a concept within the design and evaluation of climate services well as to the influence of contextual influences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green spaces provide multiple benefits to physical and mental health, especially for children. Meanwhile, children are not typically included in most participatory processes regarding green spaces and their needs, if at all, tend to be represented by adults. This study attempts to answer the following research questions: (1) Does the degree of children’s participation differ depending on the spatial scale of green space planning processes? (2) How can children’s participation be interpreted in the context of environmental justice? We used mixed methods to assess the legal condition, process flow and products of three participatory processes regarding green space planning in Lodz (Poland). Our findings demonstrate that even the seemingly well-intentioned processes may fail to adequately incorporate children because of procedural inconsistencies and other deficiencies. Even if a process allows children to express their opinions, it fails to translate these voices into reality. We highlight the need to increase awareness of the importance of children’s inclusion in participatory processes to guarantee that their needs are considered, endow children with pro-environmental behaviours, and promote the idea of civil society. We contribute to the environmental justice debate by demonstrating the necessity of differentiating between procedural and participatory environmental justice dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This paper summarizes data from 7 studies that used Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to guide climate messaging with the goal of increasing climate-mitigating behavioral intentions. Together, the studies address 5 research questions. 1) Does PMT predict behavioral intentions in the context of climate change mitigation? 2) Does PMT work similarly for climate change deniers vs acknowledgers? 3) Are the effects of threat and efficacy additive or multiplicative? 4) Does adding measures of collective threat and efficacy improve the model accuracy for a collective problem like climate change? 5) Can threat and efficacy appraisals – and ultimately behavioral intentions – be shifted through climate messaging? Methods: Seven online experiments were conducted on US adults (N = 3,761) between 2020 and 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to a control condition or to one of several experimental conditions designed to influence threat, efficacy, or both. Participants indicated their belief in climate change, ethnicity, gender, and political orientation. They completed measures of personal threat and efficacy, collective threat and efficacy, and behavioral intentions. Results: Multiple regressions, ANCOVAs, and effect sizes were used to evaluate our research questions. Consistent with PMT, threat and efficacy appraisals predicted climate mitigation behavioral intentions, even among those who denied climate change. Different interactions emerged for climate deniers and acknowledgers, suggesting that in this context threat and efficacy are not just additive in their effects (but these effects were small). Including measures of collective threat and efficacy only modestly improved the model. Finally, evidence that threat and efficacy appraisals can be shifted was weak and inconsistent; mitigation behavioral intentions were not reliably influenced by the messages tested. Conclusions: PMT effectively predicts climate change mitigation behavioral intentions among US adults, whether they deny climate change or acknowledge it. Threat appraisals may be more impactful for deniers, while efficacy appraisals may be more impactful for acknowledgers. Including collective-level measures of threat and efficacy modestly improves model fit. Contrary to PMT research in other domains, threat and efficacy appraisals were not easily shifted under the conditions tested here, and increases did not reliably lead to increases in behavioral intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes three main contributions: First, we argue that spatial planning institutions have become fundamental ‘rules of the game’ regulating development and defining urban property rights, and that the differences of approach between places can best be explained as a product of historical processes of institutional development. Second, we introduce a historical institutionalist theory of contested institutional development based on concepts of critical junctures of major institutional change followed by reactive sequences of institutional contestation in strategic action fields. We outline a methodologically institutionalist research method designed to produce replicable comparative research of long-run processes of institutional change, based on historical narratives employing process-tracing of institutional change and examination of permissive and productive factors structuring such change. This approach generates clear research questions and supports causal analysis of processes and mechanisms of change in urban property systems to explain why current institutions take the form they do. Third we illustrate the theory and research method with the case of Toronto, a fast-growing city where property rights and obligations and development control regulations have been vigorously contested. The conclusions explore the implications for planning theory and for comparative-historical research of this analysis of institutional change processes and mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature on predictors of youth crime is of special value to many fields. By examining the factors that predict youth offending behavior, this literature helps better understand appropriate prevention and intervention methods. These methods target specific predictive factors that increase the likelihood that youth offending behavior will initiate, persist, and/or escalate. Accordingly, this paper presents a review of literature on predictors of youth crime spanning over 80 years. Therein, this review starts by comparing two periods of literature: (research produced between 1940 and 2000) and (research produced between 2001 and 2024). These sections reveal a divide in major socio-political events and shifts to within standard approaches to research, and in doing so, these framings offer a more nuanced understanding of predictors of youth crime throughout the years. Following, this paper provides a critical discussion of theoretical gaps, unanswered research questions, variable re-considerations, and methodological shortcomings of this literature. This critical discussion yields that while research has been produced on a variety of predictors of youth crime, some cause-and-effect relationships, along with contextual relationships, and the role of modern technologies remain largely misunderstood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patient safety and the culture of keeping patients safe are not well-researched concepts in dentistry. Research is lacking on patient safety culture in dental teaching hospitals. Objective: This study examined the knowledge and perceptions of patient safety and patient safety culture in a Caribbean dental school among clinical faculty, dental surgery assistants and recent graduates. Method: A qualitative research design using an anonymous online open-ended questionnaire, which underwent face validity by three subject matter experts, was used to acquire data to answer three developed research questions. Qualitative data was uploaded to QDA Miner and a five-stage thematic analysis using emergent coding was used to develop themes to answer the research questions. Results: Qualitative data was obtained from 28 respondents, 12 clinical faculty, 10 recent graduates, and 6 dental surgery assistants. Four participants graduated in 2020, 1 graduated in 2021, and 5 graduated in 2022. The ages of participants ranged from 23 to 74 years. Themes used to answer the research questions included: the application of a clinical knowledge-based framework for the understanding of patient safety, understanding the individual elements of patient safety culture, gatekeepers of patient safety, and understanding personal limitations. Conclusion: Clinical and curriculum leaders at this dental school should consider the introduction of a patient safety curriculum given respondents understand patient safety from a clinical experiential perspective only and many respondents perceive patient safety culture as being guided predominantly by rules and policies with clinical faculty bearing the ultimate responsibility for keeping patients safe [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document discusses the fundamentals of quantitative research methods in mental health nursing, emphasizing the importance of positivism and quantitative research in the field. It explores the philosophical underpinnings of positivism and the hypothetico-deductive model of science, which guide quantitative research methodologies and methods. The paper aims to provide a better understanding of quantitative research and promote its usage in mental health nursing. It also includes a practical example of hypotheses generation to illustrate the application of quantitative research principles. [Extracted from the article]

The product Bayes factor (PBF) synthesizes evidence for an informative hypothesis across heterogeneous replication studies. It can be used when fixed‐ or random effects meta‐analysis fall short. For example, when effect sizes are incomparable and cannot be pooled, or when studies diverge significantly in the populations, study designs, and measures used. PBF shines as a solution for small sample meta‐analyses, where the number of between‐study differences is often large relative to the number of studies, precluding the use of meta‐regression to account for these differences. Users should be mindful of the fact that the PBF answers a qualitatively different research question than other evidence synthesis methods. For example, whereas fixed‐effect meta‐analysis estimates the size of a population effect, the PBF quantifies to what extent an informative hypothesis is supported in all included studies. This tutorial paper showcases the user‐friendly PBF functionality within the bain R‐package. This new implementation of an existing method was validated using a simulation study, available in an Online Supplement. Results showed that PBF had a high overall accuracy, due to greater sensitivity and lower specificity, compared to random‐effects meta‐analysis, individual participant data meta‐analysis, and vote counting. Tutorials demonstrate applications of the method on meta‐analytic and individual participant data. The example datasets, based on published research, are included in bain so readers can reproduce the examples and apply the code to their own data. The PBF is a promising method for synthesizing evidence for informative hypotheses across conceptual replications that are not suitable for conventional meta‐analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A shift in travel behavior is taking place within urban tourism. Experienced repeat visitors want to discover cities away from tourist centers and traditional attractions. They want to gain insights into everyday life in the city and explore it off the beaten track. This phenomenon is called New Urban Tourism (NUT).This paper aims to determine whether NUT is a noteworthy phenomenon in Munich. For this purpose, three research questions were formulated.A qualitative content analysis of travel blog entries about insider tips in Munich was conducted to answer the research questions. The goal was to identify the two insider tips that were most often mentioned. Here, face-to-face interviews with tourists and residents were conducted. The tourists were asked questions about their travel and information behavior to determine whether they could be classified as New Urban Tourists. The residents, in contrast, were asked to indicate whether they notice the presence of tourists and how this influences their perception of the neighborhood.NUT can be described as a notable phenomenon in the city of Munich. Recommendations for future research include examining the impact of NUT on Munich and identifying the specific aspects of urban ordinariness that New Urban Tourists deem worth experiencing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water walks are a research method to collect qualitative data conducted in motion with water or water‐related infrastructure. The water walk has a range of benefits and is gaining popularity, yet few resources exist for those interested in the method. There is a need to consolidate existing understanding and insights across disciplines and areas of study. This way, the water walk, its applications, and specificities are accessible to and can be critically appraised by diverse researchers and research participants. We respond by offering an entry point for those interested in using water walks in data collection and providing an inclusionary and concise examination of the research method. First, we conceptualize and position our interpretation and use of water walks and the proposed benefits. Second, we discuss the practical and ethical aspects of the method. Third, we examine four water walks from our research according to three planes of variation, including (i) who leads the walk, (ii) the mode of walking, and (iii) the approach to engaging with water during the walk. These planes of variation allow others to embrace water walks as part of a research craft that can be molded to diverse research questions and designs, always with reflection vigor and commitment to their participants at the core. We argue that researchers must take a critical approach to water walks and contextualize the method in relation to the wider socio‐political landscape within which our relationship with water, and how we (can) move around and engage with it, is shaped.This article is categorized under: Water and Life > Methods Human Water > Water Governance Human Water > Value of Water [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]