Search

The management of type 1 diabetes in infancy presents significant challenges. Hybrid closed loop systems have been shown to be effective in a research setting and are now available for clinical use. There are relatively little reported data regarding their safety and efficacy in a real world clinical setting. We report two cases of very young children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at ages 18 (Case 1) and 7 months (Case 2), who were commenced on hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery using the CamAPS FX™ system from diagnosis. At diagnosis, total daily dose (TDD) was 6 and 3.3 units for Case 1 and 2 respectively. Closed loop was started during the inpatient stay and weekly follow up was provided via video call on discharge. Seven months from diagnosis, Case 1 has an HbA1C of 49 mmol/mol, 61% time in range (TIR, 3.9-10 mmol/L) with 2% time in hypoglycaemia (

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is standard of care for rotator cuff evaluation, with clinical interpretation usually limited to qualitative judgments. The reliability of MRI-based measurements and scoring systems has been evaluated only preoperatively or ≥6 months following rotator cuff repair, when repairs are in the later stages of healing. This study describes the MRI assessments and inter-rater agreement of various rotator cuff tendon and muscle parameters evaluated preoperatively and 4 times during the first postoperative year. Methods Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently assessed MRI scans of 42 patients preoperatively and 3, 12, 26, and 52 weeks after rotator cuff repair. Using standardized reading rules, readers assessed tendon integrity (5-point Sugaya classification), tear dimensions, muscle fat (5-point Goutallier classification) and atrophy (4-point Warner classification), muscle cross-sectional areas, and myotendinous junction distance. Raw exact agreement proportions, κ statistics, and correlation coefficients were used to quantify inter-rater agreement. Results Readers showed moderate to substantial above-chance agreement in scoring rotator cuff tendon integrity and supraspinatus muscle atrophy and good to excellent agreement on tear dimensions and muscle cross-sectional areas but only fair to moderate agreement for fatty infiltration and myotendinous junction distance. Only fatty infiltration grades evidenced observer bias. Inter-rater agreement did not appear time dependent. Conclusion By use of defined reading rules in a research setting, MRI evaluations of rotator cuff tendon integrity, tear dimensions, muscle atrophy, and cross-sectional areas have reasonable reliability at all time points in the first postoperative year. However, the presence of clinically significant disagreements, even in such favorable circumstances, indicates the need for improved imaging tools for precise rotator cuff evaluation.

Japan and the UK are long-established countries of immigration which although having different histories both share experience as colonial powers which have shaped their somewhat hostile attitudes towards migration alongside a need for migrant labour and negative public attitudes towards migrants. This paper sets the context to the Special Issue of the same name. It examines the migration and diversification histories and scholarships of Japan and the UK identifying common themes as well as divergences noting the ongoing diversifications of populations in both countries albeit on different scales. It then examines the key features which shape processes underpinning the emergence of superdiversity: super-mobility, and the scale, speed and spread of diversification, arguing the need to think about such processes outside of UK and Europe and considering the ways in which shifting scholarly gaze of superdiversity researchers to Japan can address some of the critiques of its Western-centric bias. The paper then outlines four main themes in superdiversity research setting out how they are addressed in this special issue before describing the key contributions of the ten papers which form the content of the collection.

Deferred consent has gained traction in some countries as a possible adjunct to prospective consent for evaluating emergency therapies in the neonatal population. This form of consent has been shown to increase recruitment of acutely and critically unwell patients, potentially reduce parent decision-making burden, and provide more robust evidence for clinical treatments where equipoise exists. However, deferred consent raises complex ethical concerns and guidelines for its use vary across different jurisdictions. The views of all stakeholders, including neonatal providers and parents, are important in determining the appropriateness of deferred consent in high-risk patients. Deferred consent may be ethically justifiable for assessing various treatments, particularly those used in emergency medical management. We present a framework based on neonatal deferred consent trials that assess both non-drug and drug interventions, our experience conducting deferred consent neonatal studies in Australia, and the views of providers and parents on how to best implement deferred consent in the neonatal research setting.

Background: COVID-19 disease is a global phenomenon that is exerting its influence on a lot more than just health sector. Colleges, Institutes, and Schools were also part of the lockdown that followed the outbreak. Educational institutes have shifted from classroom teaching to online teaching-learning platforms. Aim: The study aimed to assess teachers' and students' experiences on online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic at university dental teaching hospital Pune, India. Methodology: The study design was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. The research setting was online. Eligibility Criteria of the study were the teaching staff of the College who had taken to online teaching and undergraduate students who had attended online classes. Custom-made questionnaire link using 'Google form' was sent to teachers and students through WhatsApp and E-mail. Results: 63% of students and 90% of staff responded with the questionnaires. During COVID-19, 96.7% of teachers and 98.4% of students had used Zoom as an online teaching platform. 25.6% of teachers had experienced network issues as the main problem. 90% of staff did not prefer online teaching over classroom teaching. 10% of teachers did prefer online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. 82.4% of students didn't prefer an online learning method. The most common difficulties faced by students were network issues. Conclusion: Knowledge of teachers' and students' experiences on online teaching is important to overcome the issues faced by them. Teachers' opinions are vital for improvising and dealing with issues with online teaching. The result of this study can be used as a guide for improving effective online teaching.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reflexively reconsider the effects of the author’s pre-understandings, both academic and non-academic, on the subject matter and the research setting. The unforeseen implications of this disjuncture on our research practice and the expected deliverables are discussed.Design/methodology/approachThe paper engages in a critical, self-reflexive dialogue of a journey through a stimulating yet, uncomfortable piece of feminist, organizational ethnographic research drawing on the insights from the author's research diary.FindingsThe account presented in this paper describes the problematic nature of undertaking a collaborative, reciprocal research project in the distinctive and foreign cultural landscape of the military. The author shows the importance of delving into matters of positionality and preparedness for what might emerge, as a form of closure.Practical implicationsThe paper provides insights into the importance of sponsors to access “the field” and our obligation as researchers to produce written deliverables.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the emerging literature on the significance of reflexivity in feminist inspired organizational ethnographies in highly gendered settings such as the military.

Optimal resection of breast tumors requires removing cancer with a rim of normal tissue while preserving uninvolved regions of the breast. Surgical and pathological techniques that permit rapid molecular characterization of tissue could facilitate such resections. Mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly used in the research setting to detect and classify tumors and has the potential to detect cancer at surgical margins. Here, we describe the ex vivo intraoperative clinical application of MS using a liquid micro-junction surface sample probe (LMJ-SSP) to assess breast cancer margins. In a midpoint analysis of a registered clinical trial, surgical specimens from 21 women with treatment naïve invasive breast cancer were prospectively collected and analyzed at the time of surgery with subsequent histopathological determination. Normal and tumor breast specimens from the lumpectomy resected by the surgeon were smeared onto glass slides for rapid analysis. Lipidomic profiles were acquired from these specimens using LMJ-SSP MS in negative ionization mode within the operating suite and post-surgery analysis of the data revealed five candidate ions separating tumor from healthy tissue in this limited dataset. More data is required before considering the ions as candidate markers. Here, we present an application of ambient MS within the operating room to analyze breast cancer tissue and surgical margins. Lessons learned from these initial promising studies are being used to further evaluate the five candidate biomarkers and to further refine and optimize intraoperative MS as a tool for surgical guidance in breast cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer related mortality on a global scale. The disease itself is associated with a dismal prognosis, partly due to its silent nature resulting in patients presenting with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. To combat this, there has been an explosion in the last decade of potential candidate biomarkers in the research setting in the hope that a diagnostic biomarker may provide a glimmer of hope in what is otherwise quite a substantial clinical dilemma. Currently, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is utilized in the diagnostic work-up of patients diagnosed with PC however this biomarker lacks the sensitivity and specificity associated with a gold-standard marker. In the search for a biomarker that is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of PC, there has been a paradigm shift towards a focus on liquid biopsy and the use of diagnostic panels which has subsequently proved to have efficacy in the diagnosis of PC. Currently, promising developments in the field of early detection on PC using diagnostic biomarkers include the detection of microRNA (miRNA) in serum and circulating tumour cells. Both these modalities, although in their infancy and yet to be widely accepted into routine clinical practice, possess merit in the early detection of PC. We reviewed over 300 biomarkers with the aim to provide an in-depth summary of the current state-of-play regarding diagnostic biomarkers in PC (serum, urinary, salivary, faecal, pancreatic juice and biliary fluid).

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To update the digital online atlas for organs at risk (OARs) delineation in neuro-oncology based on high-quality computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with new OARs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this planned update of the neurological contouring atlas published in 2018, ten new clinically relevant OARs were included, after thorough discussion between experienced neuro-radiation oncologists (RTOs) representing 30 European radiotherapy-oncology institutes. Inclusion was based on daily practice and research requirements. Consensus was reached for the delineation after critical review. Contouring was performed on registered CT with intravenous (IV) contrast (soft tissue & bone window setting) and 3 Tesla (T) MRI (T1 with gadolinium & T2 FLAIR) images of one patient (1 mm slices). For illustration purposes, delineation on a 7 T MRI without IV contrast from a healthy volunteer was added. OARs were delineated by three experienced RTOs and a neuroradiologist based on the relevant literature. RESULTS: The presented update of the neurological contouring atlas was reviewed and approved by 28 experts in the field. The atlas is available online and includes in total 25 OARs relevant to neuro-oncology, contoured on CT and MRI T1 and FLAIR (3 T & 7 T). Three-dimensional (3D) rendered films are also available online. CONCLUSION: In order to further decrease inter- and intra-observer OAR delineation variability in the field of neuro-oncology, we propose the use of this contouring atlas in photon and particle therapy, in clinical practice and in the research setting. The updated atlas is freely available on www.cancerdata.org. ispartof: RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY vol:160 pages:259-265 ispartof: location:Ireland status: published

Background: Regional recurrence (RR), also known as lymph node recurrence, is an endpoint in several trials concerning reducing axillary treatment in cT1-2N0 breast cancer patients. The risk of RR may decrease with each subsequent event-free year, affecting the yield and consequently usefulness of long (er) follow-up. The aim of this study is to determine the risk of RR as a first event within five years after diagnosis in subtypes of breast cancer, conditional to being event-free for one, two, three and four years.Methods: From the Netherlands Cancer Registry, cT1-2N0 breast cancer patients diagnosed from 2005 to 2008 were analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed for pT1-2N+(sn) patients. RR risk was calculated with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Conditional RR (assuming x event-free years) was determined by selecting patients without an event at x years, and calculating the remaining risk for RR within five years after diagnosis.Results: A total of 18,009 cT1-2N0 (all pN stages) breast cancer patients were included. RR occurred in 1.3% of cT1-2N0 and 1.5% of pT1-2N+(sn) patients. The risk of RR varied between subtypes; it was highest for triple negative tumors and lowest for ER + PR + Her2-and ER + Her2+ tumors. After event-free years, the risk of RR decreased subsequently in both groups and in all subtypes. After two event-free years, the risk of RR was 0.8%.Conclusion: The absolute yield of follow-up to detect RR beyond two years is low; for every 125 event-free patients, one RR can be expected until five years. This suggests that follow-up longer than two years is of limited value for detecting RR in both clinical and research setting.(c) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati bagaimana guru mempersepsikan kretivitas mereka dalam mengajar dan bagaimana mereka menerapkannya di dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi Covid-19. Metode campuran tertanam digunakan dalam proses pengumpulan data. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan dua tipe data yang berbeda yaitu, data Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Tetapi, penggunaan kedua jenis data tersebut tidak setara, hanya satu jenis data yang dominan, yang dalam penelitian ini data kualitatif lebih dominan daripada data kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Bebandem dan dua orang guru Bahasa Inggris dipilih sebakai subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 1) Para guru mempersepsikan bahwa mereka berada di kategori cukup kreatif dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran jarak jauh, 2) Para guru dikategorikan tidak kreatif dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran jarak jauh berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara, 3) Ada perbedaan yang ditemukan antara bagaimana guru mempersepsikan kreativitas mereka dan hasil observasi guru dalam menerapkan kreatifitas mereka dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh yang mana para guru mempersepsikan bahwa mereka cukup kreatif, sedangkan hasil observasi dan wawancara menunjukan bahwa mereka berada di kategori tidak kreatif.

PurposeEmploying institutional logic and institutional work as its theoretical framework, this study analyzes scholars' reactions to performance measurement systems in academia.Design/methodology/approachLarge datasets were collected over time, combining both quantitative and qualitative elements. The data were gathered from a two-wave survey in 2010 (966 respondents) and 2015 (672 respondents), conducted among scholars performing teaching- and research-oriented tasks in three Finnish universities.FindingsThe analysis showed statistically significant changes over time in the ways that the respondents were positioned in three major groups influenced by different institutional logics. This study contributes to the international debate on institutional change in universities by showing that in Finnish universities, emerging business logics and existing professional logics can co-exist and be blended among a growing group of academics. The analysis of qualitative open-ended answers suggests that performance measurement systems have led to changes in institutional logic, which have influenced the scholars participating in institutional work at the microlevel in academia.Social implicationsWhile most scholars remain critical of performance measurement systems in universities, the fact that many academics are adapting to performance measurement systems highlights significant changes that are generally occurring in academia.Originality/valueWhile most extant studies have focused on field- and organizational-level analyses, this study focuses on understanding how the adoption of performance measurement systems affects institutional logic and institutional work at the microlevel. Moreover, the study's cross-sectional research setting increases society's understanding of institutional evolution in academia.

Di era digital saat ini, bullying ditengarai hadir di ruang online atau yang sering disebut cyberbullying. Penelitian ini mengkaji realitas cyberbullying di media sosial yang dialami pelajar SMA Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di enam wilayah di Indonesia meliputi Aceh, Medan, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Makassar, dan Papua. Setiap wilayah diwakili 3 sekolah dengan jumlah responden 242 setiap wilayah. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMA semua tingkatan (kelas X, XI, dan XII) dengan jumlah total 1452 orang siswa SMA. Data penelitian bersifat kuantitatif dan dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif berupa persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cyberbullying merupakan salah satu bentuk bullying yang mulai banyak terjadi dan menunjukkan peningkatan seiring dengan semakin dominannya penggunaan media online dalam aktivitas pembelajaran maupun aktivitas sosial masyarakat. Angka cyberbullying di sekolah wilayah Indonesia yang terdiri dari daerah Aceh, Medan, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Makassar, dan Papua berada pada kategori cukup tinggi dengan skor 69,64%. Cyberbullying merupakan keniscayaan yang terjadi di tengah saratnya penggunaan media sosial pada generasi muda. Sejumlah rekomendasi ditawarkan untuk mereduksi cyberbullying di kalangan pelajar, baik bersifat personal maupun institusional.High school student cyberbullying on social media: Prevalence and recommendations AbstractIn today's digital era, bullying occurs in the online space or what is often called cyberbullying. This study examines the reality of cyberbullying on social media experienced by Indonesian high school students. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach. The research setting is in six regions in Indonesia include Aceh, Medan, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Makassar, and Papua. Each region is represented with three schools by 242 respondents in each region. The Respondents in this study were high school students of all levels (class X, XI, and XII) with a number of 1452 high school students. The research data was quantitative and analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of percentages. The results showed that cyberbullying is a form of bullying that has started to occur a lot and shows an increase in line with the increasingly dominant use of online media in learning and social activities. The cyberbullying rate in schools in the Indonesian region consisting of Aceh, Medan, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Makassar, and Papua is at a high level, with a score of 69.64%. Cyberbullying occurs amid social media usage among the younger generation. Some recommendations are offered to reduce cyberbullying among students, both personal and institutional.

Medical progress, including in the orthopaedic surgery field, depends on the interaction and collaboration between: physicians, with their expertise on the clinical setting; scientists, with their expertise on the research setting; and professionals who are skilled in both settings (clinical scientists). This leads to the need to develop research approaches which involves people who are committed and support the process, strategic planning, and a cohesive team that can execute the tasks. All these interactions must be supported financially in order to maintain the long-term viability of such team. Time management is crucial for the clinical research team. To ensure success, the research team must be flexible in order to adapt to dynamic clinical and surgical schedules. It is especially important that surgeons have regular, dedicated quality research time to maintain a consistent interaction with the team. Building a successful and productive orthopaedic clinical research programme involves many challenges in creating proper leadership, obtaining funding, setting proper resources, establishing necessary training, and providing guidance and insight around the importance of each role that every member plays on the team. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:245-251. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200058

This school action research aims to improve the 4C skills (critical thinking, creativity, communication, creativity and innovation, collaboration) of teachers with digital literacy application activities at SMP Negeri 1 Sidoharjo. The research setting was the subject teacher at SMP Negeri 1 Sidoharjo in the 2020/2021 school year. As research subjects are teachers, the principal at the junior high school is a researcher and assisted by an observer. This study consisted of 2 cycles. During the application of digital literacy activities, observations were made of teacher performance through observation, sociometry, and questionnaire sheets. Other findings during the course of the action were discussed between the researcher and the observer, equipped with data from the observations that were carried out by reflection in each cycle. The results of the study in cycle 1 and cycle 2 showed an increase in the 4C skills of teachers. The results of observations, sociometry, and questionnaires on the 4C skills of the teacher showed that in cycle 1 the average critical thinking score was 76%, creativity 76%, communication 75%, creativity and innovation 76%, 76% collaboration on good criteria and in cycle 2 average critical thinking score 87%, creativity 85%, communication 86%, creativity, and innovation, collaboration 84% on very good criteria.

The principal is the leader as well as the manager in the school. In any situation, the role of the principal is an important step to serve as a reference in developing competency and quality of education. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the role of school principals in improving the quality of education during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach. This research setting was in MIS Babussalam, Nowa. Participants in this study were teachers who teach at MIS Babussalam, Nowa. Data collection techniques using structured interviews by arranging questions into interview guidelines. The research procedure used the Creswell case study approach. Data analysis was carried out with the assistance of the Atlas.ti software version 8. The results of this study indicate that the role of school principals in improving the quality of education during Covid-19 has the findings indicators are having a manner, being a manager, and being able to prioritize teachers and education personnel with HR development. The findings of this study can be recommended to all school principals as part of efforts to become school principals to optimize roles.

These classroom action research aims: To improve student learning outcomes using Powtakon kardus media. The research setting was grade V students of SDN 2 Kembang Jepara for the 2019/2020 academic year. This study consisted of 2 cycles in one basic competency. The research begins with compiling a lesson plan, making observation sheets and other research instruments. During the learning process, observations were made on the performance of the teacher as a researcher, and an assessment was made of students through test sheets. Other findings during the learning process were discussed between the researcher and the observer, equipped with data from observations made by reflection at each meeting. The results of research in cycle 1 and cycle 2 showed an increase in student learning outcomes. The student learning outcomes are in cycle 1 an average of 66.33 with learning completeness 40%, in cycle 2 an average of 81.27 with learning completeness 86.67%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the learning process using powtakon kardus media can improve student learning outcomes in Class V SDN 2 Kembang Jepara for the 2019/2020 academic year.

Maternal hyperoxygenation has been investigated as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool since the 1960s. Since then, it has been applied in many obstetric scenarios, both clinically and in the research setting. It is often administered without any determination of pre-hyperoxygenation maternal or fetal oxygen levels. Studies focussing on maternal oxygen therapy for the treatment of fetal growth restriction have been ongoing for over thirty years and there remains no clear evidence of benefit. Studies investigating the potential diagnostic or therapeutic role of maternal oxygen therapy in the setting of fetal congenital cardiac disease have reported varying success rates and some potentially worrying adverse effects. The purpose of this article is to review the effects of maternal hyperoxygenation on fetal and maternal health and to ascertain the safety of undertaking further clinical trials that employ the use of hyperoxygenation in pregnancy.

This paper examines the effect of home country characteristics on the internationalization of emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs). Drawing on the institution-based view (IBV), we argue that institutional, political, and social characteristics will positively relate to the internationalization of EMNEs. Further, drawing on the knowledge-based view (KBV), we also argue that a firm’s knowledge stock (KS) will positively moderate the aforementioned relationship. Our research setting involves the incorporation of primary data collected from Iranian multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating in the food and beverage industry. The results provide support for the hypotheses that home country characteristics positively impact the international growth of EMNEs but this does not lead to their further expansion. Also, supported was the hypothesis that EMNEs' knowledge stock positively moderates the relationship between home country characteristics and their international growth. These findings not only contribute to the current knowledge about the drivers of EMNE’s internationalization but also stress upon the idiosyncratic role of home country institutions and the impact of knowledge-specific capabilities on the internationalization of EMNEs, their international growth, and expansion.

Most accounting studies use only public enforcement actions (SEC cases) to measure accounting fraud. However, private cases (securities class actions) also play an important enforcement role. We discuss the legal standards and processes for both public and private enforcement regimes, emphasize the importance of screening cases for credible fraud allegations, and show both yield credible fraud measures. Further, we demonstrate these research design choices affect inferences from prior research and a hypothetical research setting. Finally, we show common measures of accounting irregularities using Audit Analytics to proxy for fraud result in significant false positives and negatives and develop a fraud prediction model for use in future research. We recommend using both public and private enforcement with appropriate screening when examining accounting fraud to reduce Type I and II errors, or reporting the sensitivity of findings across regimes. This is particularly important given the reduction in accounting-related enforcement after 2005. JEL Classifications: G38; K22; K41; K42; M41; M42; M48.

Presently, sustainability of floodplain, a diverse element of the riverine landscape, provides an ideal research setting for investigating complex interaction between anthropogenic disturbance and ...

With the rise of Artificial Intelligence over the last years, virtual assistants, so-called bots, are becoming more relevant than ever before. Especially the technology triggers a growing interest in numerous fields of application. Technologies like machine learning enables the integration of emotion management and thus provides the opportunity to enhance interaction with the user. Hereby, apprenticeship as a contextual research setting proves to be a particularly promising use case. Our paper examines the potentials and challenges of emotionally sensitive applications in a training environment. The results of a qualitative approach demonstrate extensive benefits especially in the individualization of the learning process. Hereby, gamification can represent an interesting aspect in this context. However, fears emerge that the technical implementation may not sufficiently cover pedagogical backgrounds and that the applications may encounter low acceptance.

Background: Since design and publication of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB), increasing use to assess patients with aphasia in a clinical and research setting in stroke and in degenerative diseas...

The focus of this study is to investigate the mediating role of online market orientation on information capital readiness-business performance relationship. The construct of information capital readiness is rarely researched. The readiness here refers to the availability of information capital needed to support strategy execution. As quantitative research, this study employs the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses. Data was collected using questionnaires from the owners/managers of the micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the East Java Province, Indonesia. As many as 433 respondents had participated. The result indicates that information capital readiness directly and positively affects business performance. Further analysis reveals that online market orientation partially mediates information capital readiness-business performance relationship. In conclusion, this study suggests that the owners/managers of the MSMEs should improve their information capital readiness to support online market orientation strategy so that it can improve their business performance. This is the first study that brings together the issues of information capital readiness and online market orientation as the antecedents of business performance in the Indonesian MSMEs research setting. The mediating role of online market orientation is rarely explored in previous studies.

A wide variety of approaches have been adapted for the purpose of conducting research related to English Language Teaching. In the first quarter of the 20th century, reflective thought was introduced by John Dewey. He highlighted the role of reflection through interpretation of the experience, naming the problem coming into view during experience, offering explanations for the problem, producing hypotheses and experimenting them. Although these phases seem familiar in today’s instructional context, it is truly compelling that reflective thought has become prominent and characteristics of effective instruction almost recently. This may be due to discrepancy between teachers and researchers or several researchers’ disregarding the important variables that directly influenced the results they obtained. Currently many prefer to proceed on the basis of their own determinations of the particular context of the research setting, essentially acknowledging the teacher’s active role in determining the most appropriate methodologies to use, contextual and affective factors. Thus, much post method era research eschews adherence to established methods and their principles and is at liberty to tailor approaches to contextual requirements. This paper intends to provide a brief overview of ELT research shift towards a more context specific and reflective stage.

Introduction: Social media applications are opening up new window for innovative teaching, learning and research among health sciences educators. It is becoming the indispensable part of today’s educational system. The use of social media is also rapidly increasing in medical education and it is important to know how these educators are using social media tools as a teaching and learning tool. Objective: The object of this study was to assess the attitudes of nursing professional educators toward the use of social media as a teaching and learning tool in the selected research setting. Method: The target population for the present study was 105 nursing teachers and students selected using the purposive method. A self-structured questionnaire was designed on the basis of previous studies conducted on the subject field. Altogether, 94 teachers and students completed and returned (response rate 89.15%) the questionnaire. The quantitative data, thus collected were analysed using SPSS statistical programme. Results: The results of study show that more than 90% of the respondents were fully aware and were having knowledge of social media and its use in medical education. 51.06% respondents used the self teaching method to learn the use of social media applications. The most favorite applications of social media used by the respondents were Google+ with 73.40% responses, Wikipedia and YouTube with 38.29 % responses each, LinkedIn with 15.95% responses and Facebook with 14.89% responses. 42.56% of the respondents were of opinion that social media is a useful teaching and learning tool in nursing and medical education. The major problem while using social media applications, as indicated by the respondents is data security about which they were more concerned with 32.97% responses. The most common educational needs of nursing professional educators i.e. teachers and students include receiving more in-depth information about how to use social media, as well as more prac

As a result of technological advances in recent years, particularly the advent of a number of molecular tools in the research setting, a growing body of evidence has started to elucidate the importance of the gastrointestinal microbiome in a variety of interactions with the host. It is now thought to have a number of significant effects on a host's health, including aiding digestion, providing nutritional benefits to the host, immune regulation and defence against enteropathogens. It also has extra-intestinal roles including brain development, which in turn influence appetite and behaviour. Every individual harbours a unique microbiome that is also dynamic. Genetic and environmental factors including stress, diet and antibiotics can all have a significant impact on microbiome make-up, both during development and throughout life. The gastrointestinal microbiome has also been directly implicated in the pathogeneses of both gastrointestinal and systemic disease, particularly enteropathies and diseases such as obesity. There is also a growing interest in its role in communicating with and potentially influencing brain function, referred to as the ‘microbiota–gut–brain axis’. Manipulation of the microbiome has been associated with changes in behaviour, such as the onset of anxious behaviours in dogs, mice and humans. This has also been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's in humans. This article explores our current understanding of the gastrointestinal microbiome and its role in both health and disease, as well as the role that dysbiosis may play in disease states. It briefly considers ways in which we may be able to manipulate it therapeutically in companion animals. It also looks at some of the unanswered questions that remain, and considers the potential next steps for researchers.

Improvement in risk prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) using information on the genetic predisposition at an individual level might offer new possibilities for the successful management of such complex trait. Latest developments in genetic research with the conduction of genome-wide association studies have facilitated a broader utility of polygenic risk score (PRS) as a potent risk prognosticator, being strongly associated with future cardiovascular events. Although its discriminative ability beyond traditional risk factors is still a matter of controversy, PRS possesses at least comparable risk information to that provided by traditional risk tools. More importantly, increased genetic risk for ASCVD might be discovered at younger ages, much longer before conventional risk factors become manifest, thereby providing a potent instrument for aggressive primordial and primary prevention in those at high risk. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that inherited risk may be successfully modulated by a healthy lifestyle or medication use (e.g., statins or PCSK-9 inhibitors). Here, we provide a short overview of the current research related to the possible application of PRS in clinical routine and critically discuss existing pitfalls, which still limit a widespread utility of PRS outside a research setting.

Recent years have seen an explosion in social media in our everyday lives, and a corresponding increase in social media research in IS. As social media researchers, we are intrigued by the problem of virtuality and context in social media research, and how we might apply reflexive research principles to such settings. In social media, the absence of a setting's real physical boundaries (to a large extent) limits participants' ability to create a common experience at the present time and develop a history of shared experiences. As a result, we would contend that many social media researchers' interpretations of data in social media settings are often black‐boxed. In this paper, we argue that many of the challenges concerned with social media settings, by nature, are emergent and linked to their virtual and contextual features. We use the Klein and Myers (1999) framework for traditional interpretive field studies as a vehicle for unpacking these challenges. We contend that these challenges may remain unnoticed if researchers do not actively reflect upon their impact on the research process. In this paper, we present a framework for social media research, considering social media research as a reflexive space, building on the notion of three levels of reflexivity: theory, design and practice. Finally, we discuss some implications of reflexivity for qualitative social media research in IS.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap knowledge sharing dan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Studi ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. AI North Pulau Laut Coal Terminal yang dipilih berdasarkan metode proportional random sampling dengan jumlah sampel akhir adalah 115 karyawan. Data primer diperoleh dengan mendistribusikan kuesioner secara langsung kepada karyawan. Setelah itu, data kemudian dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan perangkat lunak Smart PLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian ini secara empiris mendukung tiga dari empat hipotesis yang diajukan. Secara lebih rinci, kepemimpinan transformasional secara signifikan mempengaruhi knowledge sharing dan kepuasan kerja. Selain itu, budaya organisasi berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap knowledge sharing, tetapi tidak terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Secara umum, hasil penelitian ini mendukung riset sebelumnya dan berkontribusi terhadap literatur dengan menekankan isu penelitian ini pada konteks perusahaan yang mengalami tekanan eksternal akibat penurunan harga produknya.

The background in this research is the achievement of Accounting Learning which is still low on the competence of Managing Accounts Receivable Cards, so that the daily test scores of students of class XI Accounting 2 SMK Negeri 1 Muara Bungo who have not reached the KKM. The purpose of this study is the Application of Problem Based Learning Learning Model Improving Accounting Learning Achievement in Class XI Accounting 2 SMK N. 1 Muara Bungo Students. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The research setting consists of 1) research location 2) research time 3) research subjects. This research was conducted in two cycles. Cycle I had two meetings and cycle II had one meeting. The application of the Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Students' Accounting Learning Achievement in the Competency of Managing Accounts Receivable Cards for Class XI Accounting 2 SMK N. 1 Muara Bungo, can be said to be successful. The average value of students' accounting learning achievement before the action was taken was 69.36 with the KKM achievement percentage of 29%, after taking action in the first cycle the average value increased to 70.95 with the KKM achievement percentage of 54.17%. In the second cycle the students' average score increased to 93.86 or a percentage of 87.5% or an increase from the first cycle of 22.91.

The background of this research is the lack of awareness of students while studying Citizenship Education and the learning methods applied are less innovative and the value of Civics Education daily tests is still low. The objectives of this study were: 1) To determine the process of implementing the PPR model in improving the learning outcomes of Citizenship Education in class III SDN 127 / II Sungai Arang, Kecamatan Bungo Dani. 2) To determine the application of the Reflective Pedagogical Paradigm model in improving the learning outcomes of Citizenship Education in grade III SDN 127 / II Sungai Arang. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The research setting consists of 1) research location 2) research time 3) research subjects. This research was conducted in two cycles. Cycle I had two meetings and cycle II had one meeting. The process of implementing the PPR model in improving the process and learning outcomes of Citizenship Education. The teaching process of teachers in the first cycle of meeting one with a value of 65% (Good enough) in the first cycle of meeting two with a total of 75% (Good), while the second cycle increased 80% (Very good). This process is also seen from the student learning outcomes. In the first cycle of meeting one, the value was obtained 60% (Enough) and in the first cycle the second meeting the value was obtained 65% (Enough). In the second cycle the value increased by 75% (Good). means that the teacher teaching process and student learning process has increased in cycle II.

Latar belakang dalam penelitian ini adalah kurangnya kesedaran siswa dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga siswa masih merasa malu dan enggan untuk bertanya apa yang tidak mereka pahami, interaksi dan komunikasi antara siswa dengan siswa atau antara siswa dengan guru belum terjalin karena jarang di adakanya diskusi kelompok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran saintifik siswa kelas X Akutansi 2. jenis Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Setting penelitian ini terdiri dari 1) Tempat penelitian 2) Waktu penelitian 3) Subjek penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dua siklus. Siklus I dua kali pertemuan dan siklus II satu kali pertemuan. Pada prasiklus skor rata-rata kelas sebesar 60, siklus I meningkat menjadi 75, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 80. Adapun ketuntasan belajar klsikal pada kondisi prasiklus 60%, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 75%, dan pada siklus II menjadi 80%. Skor minimal pada kondisi prasiklus sebesar 45, pada siklus I menjdi 60, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 62. Sedangkan skor maksimal pada kondisi prasiklus 85, siklus I menjadi 93, dan pada siklus II meningka tmenjadi 100.

Research has been carried out with the application of the make a match type of cooperative learning model to increase student understanding in the Manado International School (MIS). The problem in this study is the low understanding of students in choir material at the beginning of school, and besides that it is also due to different cultures and countries. For this reason, this study aims to determine students' understanding of choir material by applying cooperative learning type make a match to MIS students in Manado. The research setting is all students both adolescent and adult level in the first batch 2018/2019. This research uses Classroom Action Research. The instruments used were observation of teacher or coach learning activities, observation of student activities, and practical tests. Analysis of the data used is interpretation based on the calculation of the frequency distribution with discussion based on the percentage scale and indicators of learning completeness determined by the curriculum. The results of this study can be said that learning on choir material through cooperative learning of make a match type MIS in the city of Manado was declared successful. The activities of students in the first cycle carried out 80% with quite good criteria and the second cycle carried out 100% with good criteria. From this data it is known that from the stages of learning and student activity gradually increased.

Purpose of review Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients. Understanding the pathophysiology of AKI is essential to guide patient management. Imaging techniques that inform the pathogenesis of AKI in critically ill patients are urgently needed, in both research and ultimately clinical settings. Renal contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and multiparametric MRI appear to be the most promising imaging techniques for exploring the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in AKI. Recent findings CEUS and MRI can be used to noninvasively and safely evaluate renal macrocirculation and microcirculation and oxygenation in critical ill patients. These techniques show that a decrease in renal blood flow, particularly cortical blood flow, may be observed in septic AKI and may contribute to its development. MRI may be a valuable method to quantify long-term renal damage after AKI that cannot currently be detected using standard clinical approaches. Summary CEUS and multiparametric renal MRI are promising imaging techniques but more evidence is needed to show how they can first be more widely used in a research setting to test key hypotheses about the pathophysiology and recovery of AKI, and then ultimately be adopted in clinical practice to guide patient management.