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Objectives: To undertake a cost-effectiveness analysis of restorative treatments for a first permanent molar with severe molar incisor hypomineralization from the perspective of the Brazilian public system. Materials and methods: Two models were constructed: a one-year decision tree and a ten-year Markov model, each based on a hypothetical cohort of one thousand individuals through Monte Carlo simulation. Eight restorative strategies were evaluated: high viscosity glass ionomer cement (HVGIC); encapsulated GIC; etch and rinse adhesive + composite; self-etch adhesive + composite; preformed stainless steel crown; HVGIC + etch and rinse adhesive + composite; HVGIC + self-etch adhesive + composite, and encapsulated GIC + etch and rinse adhesive + composite. Effectiveness data were sourced from the literature. Micro-costing was applied using 2022 USD market averages with a 5% variation. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), net monetary benefit (%NMB), and the budgetary impact were obtained. Results: Cost-effective treatments included HVGIC (%NMB = 0%/ 0%), encapsulated GIC (%NMB = 19.4%/ 19.7%), and encapsulated GIC + etch and rinse adhesive + composite (%NMB = 23.4%/ 24.5%) at 1 year and 10 years, respectively. The benefit gain of encapsulated GIC + etch and rinse adhesive + composite in relation to encapsulated GIC was small when compared to the cost increase at 1 year (gain of 3.28% and increase of USD 24.26) and 10 years (gain of 4% and increase of USD 15.54). Conclusion: Within the horizon and perspective analyzed, the most cost-effective treatment was encapsulated GIC restoration. Clinical relevance: This study can provide information for decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of this prospective study was to assess full mouth rehabilitation of severe tooth wear patients using minimally invasive CAD/CAM resin-based composite (RBC) restorations and direct veneers by evaluating restoration survival up to 5.5-years. Twenty-two patients with generalized severe tooth wear with functional and/or esthetic problems were included. Following minimally invasive preparation, CAD/CAM RBC restorations (LAVA Ultimate,3M) were adhesively luted, direct RBC veneers (Filtek Supreme XTE, 3M) were applied in the aesthetic region. Patients were recalled after 1m,1y,3y,5y and seen in between recalls by their general dentists or at the clinical study center if complaints occurred. Failures were categorized as F1 (severe deficiencies requiring replacement/extraction), F2 (localized deficiencies requiring re-cementation/repair) and F3 (small chippings requiring refurbishment/monitoring). Survival of indirect restorations was evaluated using lifetables and Kaplan-Meier-graphs, distinguishing between failure categories and tooth type (front teeth=FT, premolars=PM, molars=M). F1 + F2 and F1 + F2 + F3 failures were analyzed using Cox regression on the variables tooth type/ location, age, gender and VDO increase (p < 0.05). 568 indirect restorations and 200 direct veneers in 21 patients evaluated for up to 5.5-years. For indirect restorations, 96 failures were recorded (F1:6;F2:41;F3:49) and annual failure rates were 0.29%(FT), 1.56%(PM), 2.93%(M) for F1 +F2 and 0.53%(FT), 2.42%(PM), 6.11%(M) for F1 + F2 + F3. Reasons for failure were chipping fracture (48), adhesive fracture (32), complete debonding (7), caries (4), endodontic treatment (1) and reasons unknown (documentation general dentists, 4). Molar tooth type had a statistically significantly increased probability of failure compared with front teeth and premolars for F1 + F2 + F3 (p < 0.006). Direct veneer restorations showed 18 failures (F1:2;F2:9;F3:7). Minimally invasive CAD/CAM RBC restorations combined with direct RBC veneers showed an acceptable clinical mid-term survival for restorative rehabilitation of severely worn dentitions. • Minimal-invasive CAD/CAM RBC restorations can protect severely worn dentitions. • Restorations on molars exhibited higher failure probability than those on other tooth types. • Refurbishment and repair of RBC restorations should be considered before replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to compare the surface microhardness of a nanohybrid and a microhybrid resin composite light-cured at two different distances.Methods: A total of 40 disc specimens were prepared for this in vitro experiment; 20 from a nanohybrid composite resin (Filtek P60; 3M ESPE) and 20 from a microhybrid composite resin (Filtek Z250; 3M ESPE). Each group was divided into two equal subgroups (n=10), based on the distance between the light-curing device and the composite surface (either 2 or 4 mm). After 24 hours of curing, the teeth underwent the microhardness test to determine the Vickers hardness number (VHN) at the surface. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the significance level of P

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Objective: This study aimed to compare the surface microhardness of a nanohybrid and a microhybrid resin composite light-cured at two different distances. Methods: A total of 40 disc specimens were prepared for this in vitro experiment; 20 from a nanohybrid composite resin (Filtek P60; 3M ESPE) and 20 from a microhybrid composite resin (Filtek Z250; 3M ESPE). Each group was divided into two equal subgroups (n=10), based on the distance between the light-curing device and the composite surface (either 2 or 4 mm). After 24 hours of curing, the teeth underwent the microhardness test to determine the Vickers hardness number (VHN) at the surface. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: The nanohybrid resin composite showed higher microhardness values than the microhybrid resin at both 2 mm and 4 mm distances, although the difference between the two groups was only significant at the distance of 4 mm (P = 0.017). No significant difference was observed in the nanohybrid composite resin between the two curing distances (P = 0.151). However, the hardness of the microhybrid composite decreased significantly with increasing the curing distance from 2 to 4 mm (P = 0.015). Conclusions: This study reveals that light-curing distance significantly affects the microhardness of microhybrid composite resin. The nanohybrid composite showed comparable hardness up to the distance of 4 mm, indicating its suitability to be used in situations where a close curing distance cannot be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of patients visiting the dental Outpatient Department of JSS Dental College Hospital regarding coronavirus symptoms and their willingness to get dental treatment done during this period. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and twenty-five patients in the age group of 25–65 years who reported to the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics during 6 months were assessed for coronavirus symptoms using a questionnaire of descriptive statistics and analysis. Results: Patients were willing to undergo treatment during the pandemic (97%). Conclusion: Irrespective of the coronavirus, patients seem to be keen to get either their restorative or endodontic treatment done, which shows that the patients are not completely aware of the spread of COVID-19 infection and awareness programs have to be conducted to educate people.

Objective: The intent of this inquiry was to explore the lived experiences of dental hygienists who provide restorative patient care. Methods: Phenomenology was the qualitative approach used. Purposive sampling ensured participants had relevant experiences. An interview guide was emailed 1 week prior to the interview to help participants prepare responses. Informed consent included selecting a pseudonym, which was used throughout the interview and on the written transcript to protect the participants' identities. One‐hour semi‐structured interviews were conducted and recorded on Zoom. Data collection and analysis occurred simultaneously. Verbatim transcription accuracy was verified. Data were initially coded and then focused coding created themes. Demographic data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: After eight interviews, data saturation was achieved. Seven females and one male participated. All participants experienced a restorative curriculum in their entry‐level program and most felt well‐prepared. The motivation for becoming a restorative dental hygienist included having positive restorative experiences during the entry‐level program, wanting to keep restorative skills current after graduation, and having an opportunity to provide restorative care. Challenges experienced included the dentists' negative attitudes, hygienists' not valuing restorative abilities and not having a qualified dental assistant. Personal benefits were related to career fulfilment. Benefits to patients involved improving access, efficiency, and convenience. The benefit to the office was increased production. Differences between restorative and preventive care involved demands of care and patient care flow. Conclusion: The findings provide insight into the unique experiences of dental hygienists who provided restorative patient care and a foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The intent of this inquiry was to explore the lived experiences of dental hygienists who provide restorative patient care. Methods Phenomenology was the qualitative approach used. Purposive sampling ensured participants had relevant experiences. An Interview Guide was emailed one week prior to the interview to help participants prepare responses. Informed consent included selecting a pseudonym, which was used throughout the interview and on the written transcript to protect the participants' identities. One-hour semi-structured interviews were conducted and recorded on Zoom. Data collection and analysis occurred simultaneously. Verbatim transcription accuracy was verified. Data were initially coded and then focused coding created themes. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results After eight interviews data saturation was achieved. Seven females and one male participated. All participants experienced a restorative curriculum in their entry-level program and most felt well-prepared. The motivation for becoming a restorative dental hygienist included having positive restorative experiences during the entry-level program, wanting to keep restorative skills current after graduation, and having an opportunity to provide restorative care. Challenges experienced included the dentists' negative attitudes, dental hygienists' not valuing restorative abilities and not having a qualified dental assistant. Personal benefits were related to career fulfillment. Benefits to patients involved improving access, efficiency, and convenience. The benefit to the office was increased production. Differences between restorative and preventive care involved demands of care and patient care flow. Conclusion The findings provide insight into the unique experiences of dental hygienists who provided restorative patient care and a foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report presents an iatrogenic induced mediastinal emphysema after restorative treatment of the lower left second molar, aimed to highlight the potential life-threatening consequences, and providing diagnostics and treatment concepts of complicated dental induced emphysema based on literature review. A 74-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department due to a fall on her shoulder. Additional finding was a significant swelling of the face and neck. In the computer tomography of the head, neck, and thorax, a humerus fracture and pronounced soft tissue emphysema from the infraorbital region to the mediastinum was detected. The patient reported that she had been treated by her dentist 4 days earlier. The treatment had to be discontinued after beginning of a pronounced swelling. Other reasons for the emphysema could be excluded out on an interdisciplinary teamwork. The patient was monitored as an inpatient for 5 days and received intravenous antibiotic therapy. This case report shows the rare complication of pronounced mediastinal emphysema after root canal treatment. Emphysema should always be a differential diagnosis of soft tissue swelling and, in case of doubt, a general medical presentation should be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of patients visiting the dental Outpatient Department of JSS Dental College Hospital regarding coronavirus symptoms and their willingness to get dental treatment done during this period. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and twenty-five patients in the age group of 25--65 years who reported to the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics during 6 months were assessed for coronavirus symptoms using a questionnaire of descriptive statistics and analysis. Results: Patients were willing to undergo treatment during the pandemic (97%). Conclusion: Irrespective of the coronavirus, patients seem to be keen to get either their restorative or endodontic treatment done, which shows that the patients are not completely aware of the spread of COVID-19 infection and awareness programs have to be conducted to educate people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article describes the esthetic results in a paradigmatic case of hypomineralized enamel correction on both anterior and posterior teeth to establish a minimal intervention protocol for similar cases. Clinical considerations: The subject was initially provided with casein-calcium-phosphate mineral supplementation. Unpublished laboratory images collected as part of a previously published study depict the results of initial calcium-phosphate supplementation on molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) molar enamel morphology and indicate that this procedure is mandatory in moderate/severe cases. Prior to defect restoration, in-office bleaching of the anterior segment was conducted with bioactivated Opalescence Boost. Filtek Supreme Ultra Universal Restorative was used as a masking agent, and Filtek A2 enamel was applied as the final layer. Conclusion: An 8-year follow-up period is necessary in most moderate/severe MIH cases involving orthodontics and bleaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restorative treatment of microdontia teeth is often considered as the final step of post-orthodontic treatment. Based on digital workflow, this clinical report presents pre-orthodontic reshaping of anterior teeth in the smile disharmony of a young patient using bilayering composite injection technique. Transparent silicone indexes for dentin and enamel fillings were fabricated from three-dimensional-printed models of the digital wax-up. This noninvasive, simple and straightforward injection technique was able to provide semipermanent reversible aesthetic restorations while awaiting for adulthood and definitive prosthodontic solution. Closure of diastemas before orthodontic treatment were carried out to restore functional contact point and to guide future teeth movements.

Our retrospective register-based observational study evaluated age‐specific aspects and changes in volume and content of direct restorative procedures, pulp cappings and enhanced caries prevention measures given to adults. Data included all treatments provided for 20- to 60-year-olds visiting the Helsinki City Public Dental Service (PDS) in 2012 and 2017. For both years, the data were aggregated into 5-year age groups. Data included means of DMFT indices, number and size of direct restorations, number of specific codes for pulp cappings and enhanced prevention. Around half of all patients received restorations, 39,820 (50.9%) in 2012 and 43,392 (45.9%) in 2017. The greatest increase in DMFT means by age cohort was found for the 2012 age cohort of 25- to 29-year-olds and the smallest for the 2012 age cohort of 45- to 49-year-olds. In each same-age group and each age cohort, the enhanced prevention in 2017 was less frequent than in 2012. The proportion of two-surface restorations accounted for 44.7% of procedures in 2012 and 45.9% in 2017, followed by an increasing proportion of one-surface restorations, from 28.3% in 2012 to 32.9% in 2017. Associations between restoration size and age group were highly significant (p <.001). The volume of direct restorative procedures and enhanced prevention measures were strongly age-dependent. Restorative treatment procedures were more frequent in older age groups than in younger age groups, and vice versa for enhanced prevention and pulp cappings. The magnitude of restorative treatment decreased slowly from 2012 to 2017, and overall enhanced preventive treatment was limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Selective outcome reporting (SOR) is a bias that occurs when the primary outcome of a randomised clinical trial (RCT) is omitted or changed. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of SOR in RCTs on restorative treatment in primary teeth. Design: We conducted an electronic search on ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization platform (International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) on 1st of April 2021, with no registry time or language restrictions. We included RCT protocols that evaluated restorative treatments in primary teeth and excluded trials that did not have a complete publication in a scientific journal. The chi‐squared test was used to identify the association between SOR and variables as a discrepancy in the follow‐up period, the timing of registration, the type of sponsorship and the type of study design (α = 5%). Results: Of the 294 identified protocols, 30 were included in the study. 83.3% of trials were registered retrospectively. SOR was observed in 53.3% (n = 16) of the published trials and was significantly associated with a discrepancy in the follow‐up period (p =.017). Conclusions: The high prevalence of SOR in RCTs on restorative treatment proves that this is a prominent threat. A proper preregistered protocol, declaration of any protocol deviation and allowance of stakeholders to compare the protocol with that of the submitted papers will achieve transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tariq AlSwayyed,1,2 Raneem Bin Nafesah,2 Manal Alqutub,3 Ali Alfarhan,4 Arwa Almashhaf,5 Hessa Alshaikh,6 Nura Alhedeithi7 1College of dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; 5Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 7King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Raneem Bin NafesahKing Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaEmail ralnafisa@gmail.comAim: This study aims to describe the pattern of coronal restoration use among different dental specialties after root canal obturation in two governmental hospitals in Riyadh.Materials and Methods: Electronic dental records at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City and University Dental Hospital were reviewed. Teeth that underwent initial root canal treatment on a permanent tooth for obturation using gutta-percha between April 2019 and June 2019 were included. The collected data included the type of material used for coronal restoration after RCT, immediate post-space preparation, cotton pellet placement, the clinical title and specialty of the treating physician, and the center where treatment was performed. Excel was used for data collection. IBM SPSS was used for descriptive and interferential analyses.Results: A total of 763 patients were included in the study, in which the double seal technique was used in 56% of the patients, followed by Cavit, which was used in approximately 17% of the patients. Post space was prepared immediately after root canal treatment in 49 patients, and only 17 teeth received the final post, whereas post space was temporized for the rest of the prepared teeth and received the final post at the following visits. Significant relations were found between the type of material used and the clinical title of the treating physician and between the material of choice and the specialty of the dentist. The double seal was the technique of choice among endodontists and restorative dentists, whereas advanced general dentists frequently used Cavit. The least used materials were IRM, amalgam, and Ketac Silver.Conclusion: The double seal technique was found to be the most commonly used method to achieve a coronal seal, followed by Cavit. Other materials used after RCT, in sequential order based on the frequency of use, were GIC, temporary crowns, resin composite, RMGIC, prefabricated post with composite buildup, IRM, amalgam, and Ketac Silver.Keywords: coronal restoration, temporary fillings, endodontic treatment, restorative treatment, root canal treatment

AlSwayyed T, Bin Nafesah R, Alqutub M, et al. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2021;13:389–394. The authors have advised there is an error in the author list on page 389. The author name “Hessa Alshaikh” should read “Hussah Alshaikh”. The authors apologize for this error.

Purpose: To determine the stage of caries in posterior permanent teeth at which dentists decide to intervene invasively.Materials and Methods: A search of the literature from January 1980 to November 2015 available in MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted. The main search terms used were decision-making, restorative treatment, dental caries lesion, occlusal surface, and approximal surface. The inclusion criterion was studies including dentists only. Three reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts to determine the eligibility of studies. Subsequently, the full texts of the papers deemed eligible were perused and included in the data extraction process.Results: The review encompassed 11 studies and the methodological quality was considered moderate. Most dentists would restore lesions confined to enamel and reaching the outer half of the dentin, irrespective of the surface involved. With regard to the occlusal surface, the percentage of dentists who restored enamel lesions ranged from 4.6% to 17.8%. Regarding dentin lesions (outer half), 50.2%-70.2% of the dentists opted for invasive treatment. For the approximal surface, the choice for invasive treatment of enamel lesions ranged from 5%-88%. In dentin lesions, 4.4%-94% of dentists restored lesions in the outer half of the dentin.Conclusion: Despite the progress achieved in the understanding of the development and management of caries, dentists still recommend restorative treatment in its early stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This paper presents European expert consensus guidelines on the management of severe tooth wear. It focuses on the definition of physiological vs pathological tooth wear and recommends diagnosis, prevention, counseling, and monitoring aimed at elucidating the etiology, nature, rate and means of controlling pathological tooth wear. Management decisions are multifactorial, depending principally on the severity and effects of the wear and the wishes of the patient. Restorative intervention is typically best delayed as long as possible. When such intervention is indicated and agreed upon with the patient, a conservative, minimally invasive approach is recommended, complemented by supportive preventive measures. Examples of adhesive, minimum-intervention management protocols are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Understanding the emotional changes in children during dental treatment is necessary for providing stress‐free care. Aim: To objectively assess the stress associated with dental treatment in children, based on the autonomic nervous activity and the electroencephalogram (EEG). Design: Twenty‐two children aged 4–9 years were recruited from outpatients of a paediatric clinic. Electrocardiogram and EEG were recorded throughout the treatment to analyze the autonomic nervous activities and the powers of brain waves, respectively. Changes in these measurements during each treatment process were evaluated in two age groups: 4–6 years and 6–9 years. Results: Elevations in sympathetic activities accompanied by decreased parasympathetic activities induced by stress were observed during rubber dam setting (RD) in the age group of 4–6 years and during infiltration anesthesia (IA), RD, and cavity preparation with a dental turbine (CP‐T) in the age group of 6–9 years. Stress‐related beta wave increments in EEG were observed during IA and CP‐T in the age group of 6–9 years but not in the age group of 4–6 years. Conclusion: Monitoring the autonomic nervous activities during treatments is useful in assessing stresses in a wide age of young children, whereas EEG monitoring is applicable only to children older than 6 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tooth wear is caused by a variety of reasons, many of which are unknown. Tooth wear management is difficult and complex. For effective treatment, accurate measurement of occlusal vertical dimension (OVD), interocclusal rest space, and centric relation records are required. The analysis of facial soft tissue contours is very crucial. A clinician must remember two things before treating a case with full mouth rehabilitation; severe wear does not always cause loss of OVD and it also does not eliminate all defective occlusal interferences. A systematic method may be beneficial in achieving a predictable and desirable result. This paper describes the step-by-step treatment of a 63-year-old patient who had lost occlusal vertical dimension due to parafunctional habits. Making occlusal overlay bilateral splints in acrylic resin and provisional restorations in mandibular teeth for the healing of the intermaxillary distance was the first strategy for oral rehabilitation. The ultimate rehabilitative therapy evolved into direct composite resin restorations associated with all-ceramic crowns fortified by lithium disilicate after the patient's adaption and muscle stability to the new occlusal situation. We established that all teeth had solid connections with similar intensity in centric relation, as well as anterior guiding in line with functional jaw movement. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2022; 12(1): 40-44

Abstract Background Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary malformation showing various manifestations regarding enamel dysplasia. This case report shows a 9-year follow-up after restorative treatment of a 16-year old female patient affected by a hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta. The caries-free, hypersensitive teeth of the patient were restored by direct dentin adhesive composite restorations performed in total etch technique. Case presentation After rehabilitation the patient reported a marked improvement of the mastication ability and quality of life especially during food intake. Accumulation of plaque was reduced and the ability to perform adequate oral hygiene was improved. During follow-up of 9 years recurring secondary caries and debonding of fillings were recognized and retreated. Conclusions The retrospective assessment exhibits that the performed restorative treatment prolonged the time until further treatment has to be considered, such as prosthetic treatment.

This study identified the dental treatment modalities administered to patients undergoing dental procedures under deep sedation and examined potential relations among treatment types, age, gender and tooth types. This study protocol included data from 502 patients, including a total of 5141 teeth, who underwent dental procedures under deep sedation between October 2022 and October 2023. The dental treatments were categorized based on primary types and subtypes. Subsequently, this study examined the associations between treatment types and age, gender and tooth type. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test, with the significance level set at 5%. Most patients (76.9%) were aged 0-6 years, and 93.4% of the treated teeth were primary teeth. The predominant treatment was restorative therapy (61.6%), followed by extraction (27.2%), endodontic treatment (6.1%), and preventive treatment (5.1%). Among restorative materials, compomer was the most frequently applied (49.8%). Significant differences between the treatment types were observed in terms of age group and tooth type ( p < 0.001 for both) but not gender ( p = 0.920). Based on our findings, restorative treatments and tooth extraction are the most frequently performed procedures, whereas endodontic treatments are performed less frequently under deep sedation., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (©2024 The Author(s). Published by MRE Press.)

Background. Myofascial pain syndromes are the most frequent companions of acute and chronic lumbar pain, and the problem of eliminating pain syndrome should be considered in terms of developing an effective program for diagnosis, treatment, physical rehabilitation and its accessibility for all categories of the population. Аim. To evaluate the effectiveness of complex application of osteopathy and shock wave therapy in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with MPS. Materials and methods. 120 patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), mean age 49.650.89 years, mean disease duration 2.290.18 years were examined. Results. With the combination of standard therapy, osteopathic treatments and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), the severity of pain on the scale of visual analogue scale (VAS) after 12 months of observation decreased by an average of 77.1%, in the group of standard therapy in combination with ostepathic treatment, 62.2%, in group of standard therapy and ESWT by 52.8% and in the group of standard therapy by 30.9%. According to the 12-month prospective follow-up, the maximum positive effect on the severity of MPS and emotional disorders was noted in the combination of standard therapy, osteopathic treatments and ESWT. Conclusion. The combination of these methods of treatment can be considered as a method of choice in complex programs of rehabilitation treatment of patients with MPS.

Purpose: To document mid- and long-term changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) following dental intervention in a sample of restorative treatment-naïve children receiving different levels of care, with and without general anesthesia (GA). Methods: This prospective cohort study followed 132 children. Parents completed the pediatric OHRQoL instrument (POQL) before, 16 weeks after (i.e., posttreatment), and 18 to 45 (mean equals 29.5) months after (i.e., follow-up) child receipt of treatment. Parents provided child demographic and oral health information. The number of restored surfaces and anesthesia type were abstracted from dental records. The mean differences in POQL scores were compared across groups. Results: The sample was 49 percent female (age range equals four to 12 years; mean±standard deviation equals 5.8±1.8). Overall, from pretreatment to posttreatment, mean POQL scores decreased by 4.5 points (P<0.001), representing improved OHRQoL. Only among children with 10 or more surfaces restored or who received GA did follow-up POQL scores remain significantly lower than pretreatment scores (mean difference equals -7.4 and -8.0, respectively, P<0.01). Overall, follow-up scores were significantly higher than posttreatment scores, representing a decline from the initial improvement. Conclusions: Regardless of disease severity, children experience an immediate improvement in OHRQoL following restorative treatment. Improvements in OHRQoL are sustained over the long-term only among children with more extensive pretreatment needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta is a localized mesodermal dysplasia affecting both the primary and permanent dentition. First described in the late 19th century, it is characterized by discolored and translucent teeth ranging from grey to brownish-blue or amber. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, type II (DGI-2) is rare and it is a severe form of the condition. Radiographically, the crowns of the teeth are bulbous with marked cervical constrictions, and the pulp chambers become obliterated over a period of time. Sensori-neural hearing loss has also been reported in some patients. This case report presents the restorative management of DGI-2 in a 44year old clergy woman whose primary complaints were poor aesthetics and lack of social acceptance. The case was managed with consideration of the patient's limited financial resources at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja (LASUTH). The objective of the management of this condition was to open the bite of the patient using maxillary posterior bite plane followed by intermediate restoration of worn teeth using composite resin for the newly established occlusion. The patient used the restorations for a while before definitive restorations, using ceramo-metal crowns as well as over dentures, were carried out. The restorative treatments corrected the patient´s vertical dimension of occlusion with resultant acceptable aesthetics and function. The patient was satisfied with maxillary anterior ceramo-metal crowns and a posterior removable over denture as well as a complete mandibular over denture.

Full mouth rehabilitation is defined as the restoration of functional integrity of dental arches using various dental prostheses to achieve equilibration among the maxillary and mandibular arches. It embodies the correlation and integration of all components of both arches as one functional unit to restore a dynamic and functional equilibrium in the oral cavity. The main reasons for edentulism are periodontal disorders, dental caries and old restorations in the tooth requiring replacement, attrition of teeth, missing teeth and severely worn out teeth requiring replacement for aesthetic purposes, temporomandibular disorders.This study was done to assess and evaluate the knowledge on Full Mouth Rehabilitation among interns studying in Saveetha dental college. This is a questionnaire based survey. An online questionnaire was shared among 95 dental interns studying in Saveetha dental college. Based on the answers from the survey, the data was compiled and analyzed and based on the results of the survey, the responses were analysed through statistical analysis software SPSS version 20.0. The study showed that out of the individuals who took part in the survey 21.1% were male interns and 78.9% were female interns. Among these individuals 8.42% male interns and 48.42% female interns have come across a patient indicating full mouth rehabilitation.(p>0.05) The study showed that the main causes for the indication of full mouth rehabilitation are repeated tooth fracture, failure of restoration, trauma from occlusion, interocclusal space defects. 14.74% males and 46.32% females thought that all these causes led to the incidence for the requirement of full mouth rehabilitation.(p>0.05). The major contraindications for full mouth rehabilitation were no pathology, no tissue damage and joint symptoms. 13.68% male interns and 52.63% female interns answered that all these findings were contradictions for the patient to undergo full mouth rehabilitation(p>0.05). Among the individuals who took part in the survey 6.32% males and 45.26% females were aware of the cost expenditure to undergo full mouth rehabilitation.(p<0.05). The survey indicated that the interns studying in saveetha dental college were aware of full mouth rehabilitation. They were aware of the indications and contraindications and the risk factors leading to wearing of the tooth structure indicating full mouth rehabilitation. They were also aware of the cost expenditure for a patient for the treatment involving full mouth rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the decision-making by Iraqi dentists concerning the use of restorations in the treatment of dental caries. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 159 dentists who worked in public health sector in Baghdad during summer of 2016. A questionnaire which obtained information on age, attitude, knowledge, and barriers, in addition to two scenarios designed to investigate dentists' restorative treatment threshold, was used. Paper patient cases (PPCs) were indicated high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) patients were also provided. Dentists were asked to point out at when they will start restoration of the teeth according to each PPC. Results: After checking for completeness, 90 questionnaires remained for data analysis. For HR scenario: Dentists with medium and high barrier scores (74.2%), and those with low- and medium preventive attitude (78.6%) showed the lower scores in restorative treatment threshold. In LR scenario, we found an interaction between age and other predictors. Dentists ≤40 years old made better preventive decisions. Conclusion: The present study showed that age and good preventive attitude play an important role in making the restorative decision by dentists. Continuing education programs must be provided for Iraqi dentists to improve their preventive treatment decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hormone-dependent diseases of the female reproductive system is often accompanied by the clinical course of chronic inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs that are often difficult to use natural and preformed physical therapeutic factors during the period of this group of patients with gynecological spa treatment . Rehabilitation technologies and treatment of this group of gynecological patients at a sanatorium stage may include methods such as iodine and bromine and radon balneotherapy, ozone therapy, EHF-therapy and transcranial electrical stimulation, therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy and safety results of which are demonstrated in this study.

Aim: Precise tooth preparation is necessary for successful restorative treatments. In the narrow oral space, achieving such precision with traditional manual operation is impeded by visual deviation, human eye blind zones, and hand-orientation errors. To overcome these drawbacks, a mini-robotic system for tooth preparation was developed to manipulate an ultra-short-pulse laser beam for the automatic shaping of a target tooth into a prepared tooth. Automatic tooth preparation is based on three-dimensional (3D) data. The present study was conducted to investigate the basic principles for digitally designing full crown tooth preparations and to quantitatively evaluate the associated design precision. Materials and methods: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dental model surface scan data were obtained from 20 volunteers. Using these data, a complete and systematic process for the digital design of full crown tooth preparations was conducted. The study included 40 cases with two design types. Software-derived measurements of prepared occlusal thickness, shoulder width, and axial convergence angle were compared with the design preparation data. Results: The design precision for shoulder width exceeded that for occlusal ablation depth, which exceeded that for axial convergence angle. One-way ANOVA analysis results confirmed no significant differences in the design precision of full crown preparations with different tooth morphologies, and the independent samples t test results showed no significant difference among the design standards. The mean errors for occlusal ablation depth, shoulder width, and axial convergence angle were 0.0096 ± 0.0108 mm, 0.0006 ± 0.0004 mm, and 0.1201 ± 0.1288 degrees, respectively. Conclusion: The design route of the full crown computer-aided design (CAD) software reported on in this article is highly feasible and accurate. Ziel: Die Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche dentale Restauration ist eine präzise Zahnpräparation. In der engen Mundhöhle wird eine derartige Präzision bei der traditionellen händischen Operation durch Sichtbehinderungen, Blindzonen des menschlichen Auges und Fehler bei der händischen Orientierung erschwert. Um diese Einschränkungen zu überwinden, wurde ein Minirobotersystem zur Zahnpräparation entwickelt, das einen Ultrakurzpulslaser bis zum Abschluss der automatisierten Präparation eines Zielzahns steuert. Die automatisierte Zahnpräparation basiert auf dreidimensionalen Daten. In dieser Studie wurden die Grundlagen digitaler Abläufe bei der Vollkronenpräparationen untersucht, außerdem wurde die erzielte Designpräzision quantitativ evaluiert. Materialien und Methoden: Bei 20 Freiwilligen wurde eine digitale Volumentomografie durchgeführt und die Scandaten eines dentalen Modells erhoben. Anhand dieser Daten wurde ein kompletter systematischer Prozess für ein digitales Design von Vollkronenpräparationen entwickelt. Die Studie wurde mit zwei Designtypen an 40 Fällen durchgeführt. Die von der Software für die präparierte okklusale Dicke, Schulterbreite und den axialen Konvergenzwinkel errechneten Werte wurden mit den Präparationsdaten der Designs verglichen. Ergebnisse: Das Design der Schulterbreite war präziser als das Design der okklusalen Ablationstiefe und dieses wiederum präziser als dasjenige des axialen Konvergenzwinkels. Die einseitigen ANOVA-Ergebnisse ermittelten bei verschiedenen Zahnmorphologien keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Designpräzision der Vollkronenpräparationen. Der t-Test für unabhängige Stichproben ergab keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Designstandards. Der mittlere Fehler betrug für die okklusale Ablationstiefe 0,0096 ± 0,0108 mm, für die Schulterbreite 0,0006 ± 0,0004 mm und für den axialen Konvergenzwinkel 0,1201 ± 0,1288. Schlussfolgerung: Die Designroute unserer CAD-Software zur Vollkronenpräparation ist sehr praktikabel und präzise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: There is a lack of studies about how adolescents experience the interaction during dental visits. The experienced interaction during dental visits will influence how adolescents take care of their oro‐dental health, and how they attend at the dentist's office. Aim: To explore the interaction experiences during dental visits of 18‐year‐olds with or without a history of caries. Design: The dental health status at age 15 years was used as a predictor of subsequent interaction experiences with the dental staff. The dental health status was assessed by the Decayed Missed Filled Teeth index and interaction experiences by the Patient Dental Staff Interaction Questionnaire. Results: Adolescents with a history of caries experienced the interaction at dental visits significantly more often negatively than adolescents with healthy teeth. The association was significant after adjustment for potential confounding factors (sense of coherence, gender, and duration of maternal basic education). Conclusions: Understanding, encouraging, and appropriate interaction with adolescents with caries may make patients more positive and receptive for treatment and self‐care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presented analysis based on a large clinical material of reconstructive management of children with posttraumatic contractures of the elbow joint. In reconstructive management of children a plenty of errors are committed, and most of them are through undervaluation of displacements that have not been eliminated after bone fractures at the elbow joint.

Abrasive dental lesions represent the mechanical wear of the hard dental substance, always produced by contact and rubbing with an abrasive body of exogenous origin. Erosive lesions have as etiological factor the chemical agents that act in the oral cavity and cause hard tissue dissolution. First of all, the treatment methods for these lesions must start with the identification of the causes, together with the restoration of the lost dental substance. The materials and techniques chosen must also take into account the location of the lesion and the occlusal forces exerted at the level of the restored lesion. In order to ensure the success of the treatment, it is essential to educate the patient and to remove the etiological factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Non-carious tooth wear often has a multifactorial etiology and may lead to functional or aesthetically related problems. The most common complaints associated with tooth wear are dissatisfaction with dental appearance and a negative impact on the experienced Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the change in OHRQoL and the perception of aesthetics, following restorative treatment of moderate to severe tooth wear patients, with a five-year follow-up., Methods: An explorative study, based on prospective data, was performed. OHRQoL and the perception of aesthetics were measured with the OHIP-NL and OES-NL. These questionnaires were completed before treatment, one month after treatment, and at 1-, 3- and 5-years post-treatment. Treatment involved full mouth reconstruction with composite resin restorations. The data was analysed as repeated measures by using a linear mixed-effects model., Results: One hundred and twenty-three tooth wear patients that received restorative rehabilitation were included (97 males, 26 females, 37.5 ± 8.8 years-old). Data showed a statistically significant increase in both experienced OHRQoL and orofacial appearance after restorative treatment. The OHIP-scores remained stable over time, while the OES-scores slightly decreased during the years after treatment. Regarding the seven domains of the OHIP, the largest difference in OHIP-score was found in the domain of 'Psychological Discomfort'. The mean overall OHIP-score was 1.8 at baseline and 1.3 at the 5-years recall. The mean OES score increased from 41.8 at baseline to 66.1 at the 5-years follow-up., Conclusions: Tooth wear patients reported significant improvements in their OHRQoL and their perception of orofacial aesthetics after restorative treatment. This increase remained at least five years post-treatment., Clinical Significance: The clinical impact of restorative treatment for tooth wear patients is considerable. This paper emphasizes the need to include a discussion of the patient related outcome measures when planning care., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of indirect restorations and their association with past caries history and present need for restorative treatment among adults in Northern Finland.Materials and methods: The study population was a subsample of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n = 1961). The oral examinations were performed in 2012-2013. Indirect restorations (inlays/onlays and single crowns) were recorded tooth wise. Caries history was described with the sum of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF). Caries was assessed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The score of 4 was used as the cut off point for visible decay. Present need for restorative treatment was calculated by summing the decayed (D) and fractured (Fr) teeth. Need for restorative treatment was dichotomized to low [(D + Fr) ≤ 1] and high [(D + Fr) > 1].Results: Altogether, 7.8% of the study population had indirect restorations. The prevalence of indirect restorations did not differ within DMF (p = 0.925), but it was higher among the subjects with a low need for restorative treatment (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Indirect restorations were rare in the adult population and found mainly among the subjects with a low need for restorative treatment.Clinical relevance: The results of the study can encourage dentists to consider more often indirect restorations for subjects with a need for restorative treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]