Search

Your search keyword '"Reza Afhami"' showing total 48 results
Start Over Author "Reza Afhami"
48 results on '"Reza Afhami"'

1. Psychological correlates of aesthetic development in Iranian culture

Author

Shahin Mohammadi-Zarghan, Reza Afhami, Mehdi Keshavarz Afshar, and Hojjatollah Farahani

Subjects
Art, Psychology, Aesthetics, Aesthetic fluency, Aesthetic development, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Why is it that some find art a prickly puzzle, others a yawning expanse, while others dive into its depths with vibrant joy? Some theorists have tried to quantify this diversity of art viewership. Famously, Housen made the case for five stages of aesthetic development: (a) accountive, (b) constructive, (c) classifying, (d) interpretive, and (e) re-creative. Here, we developed and validated a 17-item measure of aesthetic development that captures these stages. In a sample from Iran (N = 917), we showed how people’s scores on these stages correlate with personality traits and other art-related constructs. Specifically, we found that individuals with higher knowledge about art and more training in the arts tend to be at a more advanced stage of aesthetic development. People who score high on openness to experience also scored higher on more advanced aesthetic development stages. These results have implications for the quantitative studies of art and aesthetics in diverse cultures.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Studying the effect of openness to experience on women's color preference changes

Author

elahe shahrad, REZA AFHAMI, and Rohallah Bagherzade

Subjects
personality, openness to experience, color preference, analysis of variance, Women. Feminism, HQ1101-2030.7
Abstract

Color is a silent but a powerful language. According to the high expressive quality of color in communicating and attracting people's attention, identifying the color preference of women and the factors affecting it can create an efficient tool in many areas of the modern world such as communication, trade and goods and content production. This article aims to identify the effects of the factor of openness to experience (as one of the dimensions of personality) on women's color preference changes. In order to collect research data, demographic questionnaire, color preference and five-factor personality test were used. The statistical sample includes 213 women living in Tehran who were randomly selected. Data analysis using the one-way variance method in relation to the level of color preference shows that women with different levels of openness to experience have different preferences in relation to the level of preference for purple, red and orange in such a way that as the level of openness to experience increases, preference score of red and orange increase and purple decrease. in this regard, data analysis in the selected color preference section shows that women with high levels of openness to experience choose red as their preferred color. The results of multivariate variance analysis in relation to the preference of warm, cool and neutral colors show that women with different levels of openness to experience have different preferences in relation to the preference of warm and neutral colors. The interpretation of the results in relation to hated color indicates that women who hate blue and white have a lower level of openness to experience. According to the graph, as the level of openness to experience increases, the average score for warm colors increases and for neutral colors decrease. The results of the present study confirmed the need to pay attention to the agency of openness to experience in predicting color preferences. The findings of the current research can be used in many practical fields such as psychology, marketing, communication, advertising and fashion design.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

Author

Erin M. Buchanan, Savannah C. Lewis, Bastien Paris, Patrick S. Forscher, Jeffrey M. Pavlacic, Julie E. Beshears, Shira Meir Drexler, Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Peter R Mallik, Miguel Alejandro A. Silan, Jeremy K. Miller, Hans IJzerman, Hannah Moshontz, Jennifer L. Beaudry, Jordan W. Suchow, Christopher R. Chartier, Nicholas A. Coles, MohammadHasan Sharifian, Anna Louise Todsen, Carmel A. Levitan, Flávio Azevedo, Nicole Legate, Blake Heller, Alexander J. Rothman, Charles A. Dorison, Brian P. Gill, Ke Wang, Vaughan W. Rees, Nancy Gibbs, Amit Goldenberg, Thuy-vy Thi Nguyen, James J. Gross, Gwenaêl Kaminski, Claudia C. von Bastian, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Farnaz Mosannenzadeh, Soufian Azouaghe, Alexandre Bran, Susana Ruiz-Fernandez, Anabela Caetano Santos, Niv Reggev, Janis H. Zickfeld, Handan Akkas, Myrto Pantazi, Ivan Ropovik, Max Korbmacher, Patrícia Arriaga, Biljana Gjoneska, Lara Warmelink, Sara G. Alves, Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho, Stefan Stieger, Vidar Schei, Paul H. P. Hanel, Barnabas Szaszi, Maksim Fedotov, Jan Antfolk, Gabriela-Mariana Marcu, Jana Schrötter, Jonas R. Kunst, Sandra J. Geiger, Adeyemi Adetula, Halil Emre Kocalar, Julita Kielińska, Pavol Kačmár, Ahmed Bokkour, Oscar J. Galindo-Caballero, Ikhlas Djamai, Sara Johanna Pöntinen, Bamikole Emmanuel AGESIN, Teodor Jernsäther, Anum Urooj, Nikolay R. Rachev, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Murathan Kurfalı, Ilse L. Pit, Ranran Li, Sami Çoksan, Dmitrii Dubrov, Tamar Elise Paltrow, Gabriel Baník, Tatiana Korobova, Anna Studzinska, Xiaoming Jiang, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Jáchym Vintr, Faith Chiu, Lada Kaliska, Jana B. Berkessel, Murat Tümer, Sara Morales-Izquierdo, Hu Chuan-Peng, Kevin Vezirian, Anna Dalla Rosa, Olga Bialobrzeska, Martin R. Vasilev, Julia Beitner, Ondřej Kácha, Barbara Žuro, Minja Westerlund, Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova, Andrej Findor, Dajana Krupić, Marta Kowal, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Razieh Pourafshari, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Nadya-Daniela Schmidt, Ekaterina Baklanova, Anna Szala, Ilya Zakharov, Marek A. Vranka, Keiko Ihaya, Caterina Grano, Nicola Cellini, Michał Białek, Lisa Anton-Boicuk, Ilker Dalgar, Arca Adıgüzel, Jeroen P. H. Verharen, Princess Lovella G. Maturan, Angelos P. Kassianos, Raquel Oliveira, Martin Čadek, Vera Cubela Adoric, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Therese E. Sverdrup, Balazs Aczel, Danilo Zambrano, Afroja Ahmed, Christian K. Tamnes, Yuki Yamada, Leonhard Volz, Naoyuki Sunami, Lilian Suter, Luc Vieira, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Julia Arhondis Kamburidis, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Mikayel Harutyunyan, Gabriel Agboola Adetula, Tara Bulut Allred, Krystian Barzykowski, Benedict G Antazo, Andras N. Zsido, Dušana Dušan Šakan, Wilson Cyrus-Lai, Lina Pernilla Ahlgren, Matej Hruška, Diego Vega, Efisio Manunta, Aviv Mokady, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Marcel Martončik, Nicolas Say, Katarzyna Filip, Roosevelt Vilar, Karolina Staniaszek, Milica Vdovic, Matus Adamkovic, Niklas Johannes, Nandor Hajdu, Noga Cohen, Clara Overkott, Dino Krupić, Barbora Hubena, Gustav Nilsonne, Giovanna Mioni, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Tatsunori Ishii, Zhang Chen, Elizaveta Kushnir, Cemre Karaarslan, Rafael R. Ribeiro, Ahmed Khaoudi, Małgorzata Kossowska, Jozef Bavolar, Karlijn Hoyer, Marta Roczniewska, Alper Karababa, Maja Becker, Renan P. Monteiro, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Irem Metin-Orta, Sylwia Adamus, Luca Kozma, Gabriela Czarnek, Artur Domurat, Eva Štrukelj, Daniela Serrato Alvarez, Michal Parzuchowski, Sébastien Massoni, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Ekaterina Pronizius, Fany Muchembled, Kevin van Schie, Aslı Saçaklı, Evgeniya Hristova, Anna O. Kuzminska, Abdelilah Charyate, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Reza Afhami, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Erica D. Musser, Miroslav Sirota, Robert M. Ross, Siu Kit Yeung, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Francesco Foroni, Inês A. T. Almeida, Dmitry Grigoryev, David M. G. Lewis, Dawn L. Holford, Steve M. J. Janssen, Srinivasan Tatachari, Carlota Batres, Jonas K. Olofsson, Shimrit Daches, Anabel Belaus, Gerit Pfuhl, Nadia Sarai Corral-Frias, Daniela Sousa, Jan Philipp Röer, Peder Mortvedt Isager, Hendrik Godbersen, Radoslaw B. Walczak, Natalia Van Doren, Dongning Ren, Tripat Gill, Martin Voracek, Lisa M. DeBruine, Michele Anne, Sanja Batić Očovaj, Andrew G. Thomas, Alexios Arvanitis, Thomas Ostermann, Kelly Wolfe, Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze, Carsten Bundt, Claus Lamm, Robert J Calin-Jageman, William E. Davis, Maria Karekla, Saša Zorjan, Lisa M. Jaremka, Jim Uttley, Monika Hricova, Monica A Koehn, Natalia Kiselnikova, Hui Bai, Anthony J. Krafnick, Busra Bahar Balci, Tonia Ballantyne, Samuel Lins, Zahir Vally, Celia Esteban-Serna, Kathleen Schmidt, Paulo Manuel L. Macapagal, Paulina Szwed, Przemysław Marcin Zdybek, David Moreau, W. Matthew Collins, Jennifer A. Joy-Gaba, Iris Vilares, Ulrich S. Tran, Jordane Boudesseul, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Barnaby James Wyld Dixson, Jennifer T Perillo, Ana Ferreira, Erin C. Westgate, Christopher L. Aberson, Azuka Ikechukwu Arinze, Bastian Jaeger, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Jaime R. Silva, Daniel Shafik Storage, Allison P Janak, William Jiménez-Leal, Jose A. Soto, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Randy McCarthy, Alexa M Tullett, Martha Frias-Armenta, Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro, Andree Hartanto, Paul A. G. Forbes, Megan L. Willis, María del Carmen Tejada R, Adriana Julieth Olaya Torres, Ian D Stephen, David C. Vaidis, Anabel de la Rosa-Gómez, Karen Yu, Clare A. M. Sutherland, Mathi Manavalan, Behzad Behzadnia, Jan Urban, Ernest Baskin, Joseph P. McFall, Chisom Esther Ogbonnaya, Cynthia H. Y. Fu, Rima-Maria Rahal, Izuchukwu L. G. Ndukaihe, Thomas J. Hostler, Heather Barry Kappes, Piotr Sorokowski, Meetu Khosla, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Luis Eudave, Johannes K. Vilsmeier, Elkin O. Luis, Rafał Muda, Elena Agadullina, Rodrigo A. Cárcamo, Crystal Reeck, Gulnaz Anjum, Mónica Camila Toro Venegas, Michal Misiak, Richard M. Ryan, Nora L. Nock, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Michael C. Mensink, Gilad Feldman, Aaron L. Wichman, Weilun Chou, Ignazio Ziano, Martin Seehuus, William J. Chopik, Franki Y. H. Kung, Joelle Carpentier, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Hongfei Du, Qinyu Xiao, Tiago J. S. Lima, Chris Noone, Sandersan Onie, Frederick Verbruggen, Theda Radtke, and Maximilian A. Primbs

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Measurement(s) COVID-19 Protocols, Restrictions • Health Behaviors • Personality and Behavioral Change, CTCAE • Emotion • Message Framing • Self-Determination Technology Type(s) Survey • Experiment Design Type Factor Type(s) COVID-19 Protocols, Restrictions • Health Behaviors • Loss-Gain Framing • Cognitive Reappraisal • Self-Determination Messaging Sample Characteristic - Organism Homo Sample Characteristic - Environment Daily Life Sample Characteristic - Location North America • South America • Africa • Australia • Europe • United Kingdom • Asia

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. An Introduction to a Poem from the Musical Treatise Attributed to Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi and Discussing its Validity and Origin

Author

Sahand Soltandoost, Mehdi Keshavarz Afshar, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
music treatise, abu al-wafa kharazmi, musical modes, mir sadr al-din mohammad qazvini, avicenna, kanz al-tuhaf, Indo-Iranian languages and literature, PK1-9601
Abstract

AbstractThe present study investigates a brief poem attributed to Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi and verifies the attribution. The verse has been composed to explain the suitability of the hours of an entire day with the twelve modes (maqāms) of ancient Persian music, and its content has a history in older writings that can be traced back to its origins. The purpose of the study is to introduce, describe, analyze, and critically correct this literary piece using recorded materials and sources as well as library documents and manuscripts. In the course of the discussion, the content of the poem has been comparatively studied with two other musical treatises, an earlier work (Kanz al-Tuhaf by Hassan Kashani), and a later one (Treatise on the Science of Music written by Mir Sadr al-Din Mohammad Qazvini). The findings show that the aforementioned trans-musical topic is one of the favourite subjects among the authors of the transition period of Persian music (late fourteenth century AH to the end of the Safavid era), which can be detected with the slightest modification in several treatises of this period. The actual source of this topic is the Kunz al-Tuhaf treatise, but it is allegedly based on the ideas of Avicenna; however, this attribution is quite far from the historical truth. Based on the evidence, the authors have concluded that the work in question in this study is by a lesser-known poet and Sufi named Khajeh Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi (760-835 AH) who, according to historical accounts, was familiar with the science of music (Advār) and had a treatise on music, which is not available today. Most likely, the poem was extracted from his lost musical treatise. So far, the validity of the attribution of this work to Khajeh Abu al-Wafa has not been scrutinized and no research has been done regarding its content.IntroductionAfter the prime period of the Timurid era, a significant number of writings associated with Persian music are some works without any title or assigned date, whose author is also unknown. This corpus is mostly very brief and only one or two pages long, and of course, the anonymous works often do not contain remarkably fresh and original ideas. Here, the purpose of the study is to investigate one of these works related to music, of which two manuscripts are available so far. Danesh Pajouh (2011) published one of them in The Catalogue of Manuscripts on Music. This piece is a concise poem mentioning the relations between the hours of an entire day with musical modes. The Malek Library version contains sixteen verses, and the Tehran University Library version includes twelve (see Massoudieh, 2012, p. 96). The first question raised about the actual author of this piece: What evidence or proofs are there for attributing the work to Khajeh Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi? Assuming that these contents allegedly express Avicenna’s views on music, in which of his works should we locate them? What is the true origin of the contents of this poem? Regarding the suitability of the musical modes for times of the day, what is the relationship between the teachings of this poem and other such instructions provided in the music treatises before and after it? What are the similarities and differences? And to what extent?Materials and MethodsNaturally, any effort to compile a theoretical and practical history of music in Iran is either inefficient or restrained to prejudice or otherwise conjecture unless historical musicology in Iran takes the first step in organizing its literary heritage and recorded materials, and those are speculations that have nothing to do with scholarly methods and qualities. In general, the research on the anonymous works of the transition period of Persian music still does not have a comprehensive background. This historical study uses a descriptive and analytical method. The library documents, as well as manuscripts, were also used. First-hand historical accounts, music catalogues, and old literature on Persian music were principal sources of information in this study. Also, we deliver a critical correction of the work by comparing the two existing manuscripts of it.Discussion of Results and ConclusionsThe author is mentioned as anonymous in the catalogues by Massoudieh (2012, p. 96) and Danesh Pajouh (2011, p. 433). However, in the heading of the verses in the Malek Library version, it is written in Nastaliq script that “Abu Ali Sina states, peace be upon him”. This line is crossed out later and, above it, we read some cursive and illegible script: “Khajeh Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi says”. Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi (1359-1432/ 760-835 AH), nicknamed ‘Pir-e Fereshteh’, was among the most prominent Sufi Sheikhs from Transoxiana and one of the celebrated writers and poets in the 15th century. From Ali-Shir Nava'i’s anthology of Majalis al-Nafais (1984, p. 9), we learn that not only Khajeh was renowned in the science of music, but he was also the author of a treatise on it. Since the time of the author himself, although some biographers and chroniclers have mentioned Khajeh's music treatise in their reports on his life and works, no one except Hassan Mashhoun (2009, pp. 229, 234-5) has articulated anything about this treatise. Given that:Khajeh Abu al-Wafa was at least theoretically, and not necessarily practically, involved in the science of music and advār;He had connections with individuals engaged in music and Samā (for example, the son of Yazdan Bakhsh Changi);He was a member of the monastery and was probably present in their musical gatherings;He wrote a music treatise that his contemporaries knew about;The writers of the 15th and 16th centuries were more acquainted with Khajeh’s life than today and penned his poems down;The time gap between the composition of the treatise on music in the early 15th century and the copy date of Malek's version (and probably its correction) in the late 16th century is not more than a hundred and fifty years; And also that:The anonymous corrector of Malek's version probably deliberately crossed out the name of Abu Ali and replaced it with the name of Abu al-Wafa;It is not far-fetched if we at least assume that the poem we are considering is a part of the same lost music treatise attributed to Khajeh Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi. It should be said that the verse’s claim about attributing these trans-musical ideas to Avicenna is, if not completely false, at least very dubious and improper. In any of his musical works, Avicenna has not shown the slightest interest in the topic raised in the poem ‘Knowing the Modes for Any Time’.The musical modes which the poet mentions here are (1) Rahāvi (2) Husseini (3) Rāst (4) Busalik (5) Nahāvandi (6) Oshāq (7) Hijaz (8) Iraq (9) Mokhālef (10) Bakharz (11) Zirafkand, and the twelfth mode is unknown or illegible. The times of the day which are, in fact, the Salah times and stated by Abu al-Wafa are (1) the dawn (Fajr) (2) the sunrise (3) ‘the sun of three spears’ or before the midday (4) chāsht or the midday (5) the equinox which is around the noon call to prayer (6) the noon (Zuhr) prayer (7) between the noon and the afternoon (Asr) prayers (8) the afternoon prayer (9) the evening (Maghrib prayer) (10) the dusk prayer (Isha) (11) the midnight.The root of these contents goes back to at least the music treatise Kanz al-Tuhaf by Hassan Kashani. There is a close concurrence between what is suggested in these verses about the suitability of musical modes for the times of the day, with what Kashani quoted a century before in his treatise according to Avicenna. Also, the differences between this poem and the contents of Mir Sadr al-Din Mohammad Qazvini’s Treatise on Music, which was written a century later, are insignificant and negligible. It can be concluded that this topic was one of the more or less important and hot topics for the music authors of the transition period, which was duplicated with minimal modifications in their works. Finally, it can be claimed with a strong possibility that this piece is an extraction from the same missing music treatise by Khajeh Abu al-Wafa Kharazmi.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Measurement invariance, validity, reliability, and factor structure examination of the creativity nurturing behaviour scale for teachers: comparisons across gender in thirteen countries

Author

Ekta Sharma, Sandeep Sharma, Mohammed Amin Hamed Al-Qudah, Canan Yildiz, Dickson Adom, Debra Ferdinand, Zaina Mustafa Mahmoud Hamad, Alexandra Stavrianoudaki, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
creativity nurturing, creativity nurturing behaviour, critical creativity, critical thinking, measurement invariance, teachers, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Creativity is fundamental to the overall progress of humanity and hence identified as a key competence required for being successful in the 21st century. Teaching that nurtures creativity helps not only to unfold children’s creative potential but also to enhance the effectiveness of teaching. The essential step in helping teachers to learn the principles of creativity nurturing pedagogy is to measure creativity nurturing behaviour for teachers and develop it through training. Assessment of teachers’ ability to nurture creativity is much needed. In this research we measured the creativity nurturing behaviour of 2006 teachers from various countries across global with creativity nurturing behaviour scale for teachers and analyzed the four-factor model’s reliability, validity and measurement invariance across gender and countries. The following values were obtained: Cronbach’s alpha (0.75, 0.70, 0.72, 0.79), composite reliability (0.76, 0.72, 0.701, 0.784), configural invariance (comparative fit index: 0.913, root mean square error of approximation: 0.063 and standardized root mean square residual: 0.662), metric invariance (obtained value in comparative fit index: 0.912, root mean square error of approximation: 0.061 and standardized root mean square residual: 0.52) and scalar invariance (obtained value in comparative fit index: 0.909, root mean square error of approximation: 0.064 and standardized root mean square residual: 0.7). The results of the study show that creativity nurturing behaviour scale for teachers is a valid and reliable scale which is invariant across gender and countries. Hence, the scale can be administered to measure the creativity nurturing behaviour of teachers and its results can be employed to identify the developmental needs of teachers to foster creativity in the classroom. This first scale for teachers is translated into Hindi, Arabic, Spanish, English, Turkish, and Persian.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Reflection of Feminine Erotic in the Safavid Period on the Isfahan School Paintings

Author

Fatemeh Shahkolahi, Reza Afhami, Hasan Bolkhari Ghehi, and Mahdi Keshavarz afshar

Subjects
safavid period, isfahan school, erotic art, depiction of women, reflection theory, Women. Feminism, HQ1101-2030.7
Abstract

Early eleventh century A.H. / seventeenth century A.D., the Safavid period is one of the significant times in the history of Iran socially and culturally. Isfahan city and the court were the places for offering immoral behaviors without any restriction publicly, such as female sexual pleasure in the social sphere. Despite the common tradition in Persian painting, erotic paintings with unconventional sexual themes and related female acts were prevalent. This study tried to identify the reason for the prevalence of these paintings in the Isfahan school in the Safavid period based on Reflection theory in the sociology of art. The study aims to find the causes of this phenomenon's prevalence in the paintings of this period. This study hypothesized social conditions involved in the prevalence of these paintings in the art of that period that Safavid king's politics in Isfahan city affect it. This descriptive-analytical study was carried out by collecting information in the library and studying visual documents (painting). The paintings of this period that contain feminine sexual themes and acts were the research samples, purposefully selected. This study showed that the concrete and customary conditions of female sexual status in the social context of Isfahan affected the prevalence of these paintings in the Safavid period. The role of Shah-centered (absolute monarchy) approaches in the Safavid government should be considered. The court prevalent the immoral behaviors in society due to the Shah's personal interests, economic, political-military benefits. This current eroticism in society became ordinary in the paintings and presented in the thematic, visual, and women’s role characteristics in the works considerably.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. THE EFFECT OF IRAN’S QAJAR ARCHAISM ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATE ARCHITECTURE UNDER THE REZA SHAH PAHLAVI’S RULE

Author

Javad Neyestani, Farshad Rahimian, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
archaism, qajar era, pahlavi era, qajar architecture, architecture during reza shah period, fath–ali akhundzadeh, jalal–al–din mirza qajar, Archaeology, CC1-960, History of Civilization, CB3-482
Abstract

[Ar] تأثير الفكر القاجاري الأثري على تكوين وتوسع العمارة في الدولة خلال فترة رضا شاه بهلوي أصبح نشر وتعزيز الهوية الوطنية لإيران الحديثة من خلال التأكيد على الإرث الحضاري لعصر ما قبل الإسلام، والذي تم طرحه في الأوساط الفكرية للفترة القاجارية، سياسةً رسميةً للبلاد خلال الحكومة البهلوية الأولى وانعكس ذلك في تصميم عدد من المباني الحكومية الجديدة تحت عنوان الطراز «الأثري»؛ كما أن الأعمال التي تنتمي إلى الطراز المذكور تعتبر اليوم سمات دائمة للعصر البهلوي الأول. تتناول هذه المقالة مسألتين تتعلقان بهذا النوع من الهندسة المعمارية؛ أولاً، من أجل إنشاء طراز أثري وطني، كان هناك نوعان من الأنماط هى الأخمينية والساسانية، تجاهل المهندسون المعماريون عن وعي الطراز الساساني - باستثناء نماذج قليلة - وجعلوا العمارة والزخارف الأخمينية النموذج الرئيسي لعملهم. ثانيًا، على الرغم من الأهمية الكبيرة لبناء الهوية التاريخية لدى النظام البهلوي الأول، فإن المباني الحكومية التي تحمل هذا الطراز من العمارة تم بناءها في الغالب في العاصمة فقط، وتتواجد بقلة في الأجزاء الأخرى من البلاد. من خلال دراسة أفكار الشخصيات الجوهرية الأثري مثل فتح علي أخوند زاده وجلال الدين ميرزا ​​قاجار وآغا خان كرماني، تم دراسة وتحليل المكونات الرئيسية لهذه الأفكار مثل الحاجة إلى الخروج على التقاليد، التنافس مع الغرب، إظهار القوة والنظر إلى التاريخ باعتباره كأداة، حيث اتضح أنه لا يمكن لأي طراز معماري أن يشمل جميع هذه المكونات سوى الطراز الأخميني. فيما يتعلق بالعوامل التي تحدد عدد الاعمال التي تحمل هذا الطراز، فقد أثيرت القضايا الاقتصادية والثقافية المتزايدة كعوامل رئيسية محددة لذلك. تخلى المعماريون الإيرانيون الداعون للحداثة عن طراز العمارة القديمة عند توليهم المشاريع الحكومية الكبيرة أواخر الثلاثينيات من القرن الماضي. يعتمد النهج النظري لهذه المقالة على نهج التاريخ الثقافي والطريقة التاريخية التحليلية. [En] Discussions among Qajar intellectuals on promoting modern Iranian national identity with an emphasis on pre–Islamic heritage became official state policy in the Reza Shah Pahlavi government. This was manifested in several «archaic» public buildings now seen as the lasting monuments of this period. This study explores two points on this architectural style: Firstly, despite the availability of Achaemenid and Sassanid models to inspire their indigenous archaic style, most architects consciously ignored the Sassanid style and modeled their works after Achaemenid architecture. Secondly, despite the profound importance of archaic identity in the Pahlavi government, most such buildings were built in the capital and only a few in other regions. The ideas of major figures such as Fath–Ali Akhundzadeh, Jalal–al–Din Mirza Qajar, and Aqa Khan Kermani were explored to study the main components of archaism, such as anti–traditionalism, confrontation with the West, manifestation of power, and historical instrumentalism. Only the neo–Achaemenid style could have provided all these components, and economic and cultural problems explain the limited number of works. Iranian archaic architecture was rooted in 19th-century AD European eclecticism with a similar end. Like the western modernist movement’s ability to put aside eclecticism in the early 20th century AD, modernist Iranian architects designed most state projects in the late 1940s and dropped archaism. This historical–cultural study is based on a historical–analytical methodology.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Quantifying Stimulus-Affected Cinematic Spaces Using Psychophysiological Assessments to Indicate Enhanced Cognition and Sustainable Design Criteria

Author

Hamidreza Sakhaei, Mansour Yeganeh, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
cinematic mediation, psychophysiological responses, spatial perception, space configuration, sustainable design criteria, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Objectives: Converging architecture with cinema and cognition has proved to be a practical approach to scrutinizing architectural elements’ significant contribution to engineering science. In this research, a behavioral analysis has been conducted to examine if disruptive events in cinematic spaces can lead to an insightful perception of architectural qualities and enhanced interplay with the observed spaces to highlight mental health and improved cognitive tasks in sustainable design characteristics.Methods: The experiment was conducted in participants (N = 90) while watching three films with different stimuli to facilitate multivariate analyses. The HR, BP, SCL, and BT were measured while screening films to subjects. Psychological assessments of PANAS, TIPI, Chills, Pleasure, Arousal, Dominance, and NAQ were gathered to conduct correlation and regression analyses between variables. An independent space syntax analysis of film plans was also performed to compare film spaces’ properties.Results: Analyses show that physiological responses of HR, BP, SCL, and BT showed a meaningful relationship with the event intensity. Psychological assessments of Chills, SAM, and NAQ also depicted a meaningful relationship with the degree of stimuli during the movie screenings. Regression analyses illustrated that the age factor had a significant relationship with Arousal (p-value = 0.04), Chills (p-value = 0.03), and Dominance (p-value = 0.00). The TIPI factor showed a meaningful relationship with Chills (p-value = 0.03) and Dominance (p-value = 0.00). PANAS PA factor’s relationship was significant on Chills (p-value = 0.00), Arousal (p-value = 0.04), and Dominance (p-value = 0.03), and the PANAS NA factor showed a meaningful relationship with Chills (p-value = 0.00) and Dominance (p-value = 0.05). The correlations in Chills–Arousal (p-value = 0.01), PANAS NA–TIPI (p-value = 0.01), NAQ–Pleasure (p-value = 0.05), and Arousal–Dominance (p-value = 0.00) were significant. Space syntax analyses also showed that film 3 had a mixed plan structure than the other two films. Factors such as area compactness, connectivity, visual entropy, controllability, and mean depth were influential in distinguishing film spaces.Conclusion: It has been concluded that the space with intensive disruption of architectural elements successfully indicated improved cognitive perception of spatial qualities, enhanced interaction, and signified sustainable design criteria. Evoking events disrupted the banalization of cinematic spaces, illustrating that the designed model can indicate a more homogenous evaluation of a sustainable environment.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Role of women painters in the restoration and preservation of miniature in contemporary painting in Iran (in the last four decades)

Author

Reza Rafiei Rad, sevda Abolhasan moghaddami, Reza afhami, and shahryar shokrpour

Subjects
iranian contemporary painting, miniature, iranian female painters, Sculpture, NB1-1952, Visual arts, N1-9211
Abstract

Despite the pervasiveness of modern visual arts principles, as well as diverse styles and techniques that are rapidly spreading in the world, Iranian painting (miniature) carries out both actual and potential visual and expressive functions. With the presence of female painters in the history of contemporary Iranian art, Iranian female painters, apart from the use of Western methods and techniques, have gained great success in using some of the visual techniques of this treasure in the contemporary Iranian painting.The current study aimed to collect and introduce these contemporary painters and assess and analyze their artworks by considering the presence of miniature in their artworks. The question is about the role of Iranian female painters in the restoration of the miniature in ontemporary painting in Iran and the miniature features they used to express new methods in contemporary painting.Despite all the influences of female artists in this field, there is a paucity of studies to introduce these artists and their executive procedures. Among these studies, we can refer to the thesis of "Elaheh Farahani" conducted in 2014 entitled "The Analytical Study of the works of the ancient and contemporary female painters, a case study of ten Iranian painters”. This study sought to introduce five miniaturists within the decades 10-11 AH and five contemporary miniaturists, including "Clara Abkar", "Mahin afshan pour", "Zinat Sadat Emami", "Farideh Tathiri Moghadam" and "Farah Osooli”.The next research is "The position of female artists in the history of Iranian Art” performed by "Marjan Edraki" in 2014, which only investigated the social conditions and the emergence of female painters, especially after the Islamic Revolution Iran.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Carpet as a symbol; The Investigation of the consumption of hand-woven carpet in European countries from middle ages to 18th century

Author

Mahla Takhti, Reza Afhami, and Javad Neyestani

Subjects
hand- woven carpet, conspicuous consumption, functional value, symbolic value, Arts in general, NX1-820
Abstract

The hand-woven carpet because of the capacity of having the artistic, economic and conceptual aspects during the history, has found different functions besides its own consumable function. In Travelogues and historiographies was mentioned about the very splendor and luxury carpets that describing the glorious palaces. It indicates carpets gradually obtained a value more than consuming value.This research was conducted using the descriptive and analytical approach, based on library and documents data, with visual investigation on paintings from 15th to 18th centuries to finding the shape of the usage of carpets. Because that was not possible to investigate all European countries, it was emphasized on most important samples in terms of economy, commercial and artistic status.It seems by the spread of conspicuous consumption among high class people and afterwards among middle class families, arose a kind of symbolic value for hand- woven carpets. The research shows in capitalism and consumerism societies, carpets were a symbol of wealth and self-glorification for their owners. As during the 16 century and afterwards, their the consumable value as the floor covering, converted to symbolic value as a very important element in decorating the palaces, mosques, churches and paintings.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. The Big Five, Aesthetic Judgment Styles, and Art Interest

Author

Reza Afhami and Shahin Mohammadi-Zarghan

Subjects
personality, Big Five, aesthetic judgment style, openness to experience, art interest, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

The current study aimed to examine the associations between the Big Five personality dimensions, aesthetic judgment styles, and art interest. Participants (N = 253) were university students in Tehran, Iran. All participants completed measures of personality, aesthetic Judgment styles, and general interest in art. Results suggested that Openness to Experience was related to advanced styles of art judgment and interest in art-related activities. Regression analyses showed that sex (β = .18, t = 3.18, p = .002), Emotional Stability (β = .14, t = 2.47, p = .01), Openness to Experience (β = .18, t = 3.14, p = .002), symbolic aesthetic judgment style (β = .31, t = 4.63, p < .001), and concrete aesthetic judgment style (β = -.19, t = -3.25, p = .001) significantly predicted art interest. The role of personality and individual difference constructs in aesthetic judgment and art interest is discussed and future directions are outlined.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Psychometric assessments of Persian translations of three measures of conspiracist beliefs.

Author

Mohammad Atari, Reza Afhami, and Viren Swami

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Several self-report measures of conspiracist beliefs have been developed in Western populations, but examination of their psychometric properties outside Europe and North America is limited. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of three widely-used measures of conspiracist beliefs in Iran. We translated the Belief in Conspiracy Theory Inventory (BCTI), Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire (CMQ), and Generic Conspiracist Belief Scale (GCBS) into Persian. Factorial validity was examined using principal-axis factor analysis in a community sample from Tehran, Iran (N = 544). Further, the relationships between scores on these measures and hypothesized antecedents (i.e., education, schizotypal personality, information processing style, superstitious beliefs, religiosity, and political orientation) were examined. Overall, we failed to find support for the parent factor structures of two of the three scales (BCTI and GCBS) and evidence of construct validity for all three scales was limited. These results highlight the necessity of further psychometric work on existing measures of conspiracy theories in diverse culturo-linguistic groups and the development of context-specific measures of conspiracist beliefs.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Female students’ awareness toward sustainable purchase consumption of clothing (Case study: Art faculty of Alzahra University)

Author

Roshanak Davari, Farideh Talebpoor, Abolghasem Dadvar, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
clothing, sustainability, consumer awareness, sustainable consumption, women, Women. Feminism, HQ1101-2030.7
Abstract

Sustainable purchasing and consuming clothes is a massive trend worldwide due to the great amount of production, its complications and also the active role of women. It is specifically so among young population of Iran, though the country is moving towards sustainable development. This article aims to investigate the degree of awareness of the notion of sustainability and its impact on the purchase and consumption of clothing, among the young educated female consumers. The research is based on descriptive and survey method with questionnaire based data. The statistical population is (N=100) female students of BA and MA courses in textile, fashion and industrial design with 20-35 years of age and sample size of 80 students. 30 questions with quintuple Likert and 0.735 Cronbach’s alpha are being asked. The analysis is done by statistical software. The results show that while there is a great trend of sustainable purchase and consumption, there is no enough awareness of this issue in the section. The knowledge of interviewees about sustainability is about the routine environmental issues; even some anti-sustainability approaches are clearly seen in this case, which necessitates a more extensive and precise consciousness-raising. Raising awareness and information about sustainable purchase and consumption within the consumer population, as future professionals of clothing industry, can guide it towards better planning sustainable based strategies in production, purchase and consumption.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. The role of qualitative aspects of environmental elements on the development of children’s creative thinking from the preschool teachers’ viewpoints

Author

narjes Nayer and Reza Afhami

Subjects
creative thinking, educational system, color, form, texture, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

The significance of creativity is undeniable for society. As a result, stimulation of creativity could be considered as indispensable goals of any education system. The present study has been done to investigate the role of qualitative aspect of environmental elements (color, form and texture) in educational settings on developing the 3 to 6 years old children’s creativity. The research was done using two methods, library research method and survey research method. The research population included all preschool teachers of Shiraz in 2011-2012. And the research sample consisted of 50 preschool teachers who were selected using cluster sampling and simple random sampling methods. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and its content validity and construct validity was checked. Reliability of the questionnaire was calculated in two ways, internal parallelism and the split-half method. Both methods resulted in α = 0/85. In order to analyze the results of the questionnaire, descriptive statistics (including frequency, average, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (including repeated measure statistics, t- test and unilateral variation analysis) have been used. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between the qualities of environmental elements (color, form and texture) and children’s creativity from preschool teachers’ viewpoints. There was a significant difference among the teachers’ viewpoints on the role of quality of environmental elements on children’s creativity. Teachers whose field of study was related to their job considered more significant role for the quality of environmental elements on developing children’s creativity. There was no significant difference among teachers’ viewpoints on the role of quality of environmental elements on children’s creativity in terms of their working experience and the level of education. The results of the present study showed that from the viewpoint of preschool teachers, the quality of environmental elements such as color, form and texture especially color is influential on developing the children’s creativity, especially in an educational setting.

Published
2014

15. The representation of legitimacy in Sassanian coins (Kavad I and Zamasp eras)

Author

Ilnaz Rahbar, Mahmoud Tavoosi, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
Sassanids, legitimacy of power, coins, symbols, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, GN301-674, Political science
Abstract

The representation of legitimacy in Sassanian coins (Kavad I and Zamasp eras) In each era, social, cultural and political aspects, and their changes have a prominent role on the creation of the Governmental artworks that tries to act as a public media to show their power and legitimacy trends. This study wishes to survey the symbols of Sassanian coins and the role of this visual media from the power and legitimacy point of view during Kavad I (r. 488-531 AD) and Zamasp (r. 496-499 AD) eras, as a challenging period of the Sassanid dynasty. We try to show how Sassanid kings used artworks, especially coins, because of their spreads to transfer their legitimacy messages, thus they used it as the most principal media to show the power and its changes to publics. The result shows the changes during the first reign of Kavad I and after his deposing by clergies due to supporting the Mazdakites doctrine, raise of Zamasp to the throne and the second reign of Kavad I that they used various icons and symbols rooted in Zoroastrian beliefs to show their power and legitimacy according to condition changes. The emphasis of Kavad I on astrologic signs as the symbol of charisma and, in contrast, the representation of Zamasp, the successor of Kavad I after deposing, in the form of receiving diadem as a sign of his superiority and power, and the reuse of traditional symbols of legitimacy by Kavad I in the combination of diadem as the representation of his legitimacy after his second reign are some documents of visual changes of this challenging period. Wizerunkowa legitymizacja władzy na monetach Sasanidów (za Kavada i za I Zamaspa) W każdej epoce zmienne czynniki społeczne, kulturowe i polityczne mają istotne znaczenie dla tworzenia dzieł sztuki, które w sferze publicznej mają się stać nośnikiem legitymizowania przez sprawujących rządy ich władzy politycznej. Celem niniejszego studium jest zbadanie symboli przedstawionych na monetach bitych przez władców z dynastii Sasanidów i ich roli jako medium wizualnego w legitymizowaniu władzy w trudnym dla Sasanidów okresie za panowania Kawada I (488-531) i Zamaspa (496-499). Chcemy pokazać, w jaki sposób obaj królowie sasanidzcy w przekazie społecznym wykorzystywali dzieła sztuki, przede wszystkim monety, jako podstawowe medium dla ugruntowania legitymizowanych zmian na tronie. W rezultacie podjętych badań ustalono, że wobec zmiany sytuacji w pierwszym okresie panowania Kawada I i po jego obaleniu przez kapłanów z powodu wspierania przez króla nauk Mazdaka, po osadzeniu na tronie Zamaspa i w czasie drugiego panowania Kawada I wykorzystywane były różne wizerunki i symbole, zakorzenione w zaratusztranizmie, po to by umocnić władców i legitymizować ich władzę, adekwatnie do zachodzących zmian. Podkreślenie przez Kawada I roli znaków astrologicznych jako symbolu charyzmy, z drugiej zaś strony przedstawienie wizerunku Zamaspa – następcy usuniętego z tronu Kawada – jako tego, który otrzymuje diadem na znak jego zwierzchności i władzy, jak też ponowne wykorzystanie przez Kawada I tradycyjnych symboli legitymizacji w powiązaniu z diademem wyobrażającym go jako prawowitego władcę w drugim okresie jego panowania – to niektóre ze świadectw dokumentujących przemiany wizerunkowe w okresie trudnych wyzwań.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. PSACR: The Psychological Science Accelerator's COVID-19 Rapid-response Dataset

Author

Erin Michelle Buchanan, Savannah C Lewis, Bastien Paris, Patrick S. Forscher, Jeffrey Michael Pavlacic, Julie Beshears, Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Peter Robert Mallik, Miguel Alejandro A. Silan, Jeremy K. Miller, Hans IJzerman, Jennifer L Beaudry, Jordan W Suchow, Christopher R. Chartier, Anna Louise Todsen, Carmel Levitan, Flavio Azevedo, Nicole Legate, Ke Wang, Gwenael Kaminski, Claudia Christina von Bastian, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Farnaz Mosannenzadeh, Soufian Azouaghe, Alexandre Bran, Susana Ruiz-Fernandez, Anabela Caetano Santos, Niv Reggev, Janis Zickfeld, Handan Akkas, Myrto Pantazi, Ivan Ropovik, Max Korbmacher, Patricia Arriaga, Biljana Gjoneska, Lara Warmelink, Sara Gouveia Alves, Gabriel Lins Holanda Coelho, Stefan Stieger, Vidar Schei, Paul H. P. Hanel, Barnabas Szaszi, Maksim Fedotov, Jan Antfolk, Gabriela Mariana Marcu, Jana Schrötter, Jonas R. Kunst, Sandra Jeanette Geiger, Adeyemi Adetula, Halil Emre Kocalar, Julita Kielińska, Pavol Kačmár, Oscar J. Galindo-Caballero, Sara Johanna Pöntinen, Bamikole Bamikole Agesin, Teodor Jernsäther, Anum Urooj, Nikolay R. Rachev, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Murathan Kurfalı, Ilse L. Pit, Ranran Li, Sami Çoksan, Dmitrii Dubrov, Tamar Paltrow, Gabriel Baník, Tatiana Korobova, Anna Studzinska, Xiaoming Jiang, JOHN JAMIR BENZON R. ARUTA, Jáchym Vintr, Faith Chiu, Lada Kaliska, Jana Berkessel, Murat Tümer, Sara Morales-Izquierdo, Hu Chuan-Peng, Kevin Vezirian, Anna Dalla Rosa, Nicholas Alvaro Coles, Blake Heller, Alexander Rothman, Vaughan W. Rees, Nancy Gibbs, Amit Goldenberg, James Gross, Olga Bialobrzeska, Martin R. Vasilev, Julia Beitner, Ondřej Kácha, Barbara Zuro, Minja Westerlund, Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova, Andrej Findor, Dajana Krupić, Marta Kowal, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Razieh Pourafshari, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Nadya-Daniela Schmidt, Ekaterina Baklanova, Anna Szala, Marek Albert Vranka, Keiko Ihaya, Caterina Grano, Nicola Cellini, Michal Bialek, Lisa Anton-Boicuk, Ilker Dalgar, Arca Adıgüzel, Jeroen P. H. Verharen, Princess Lovella Gonzales Maturan, Angelos Kassianos, Raquel Alves Oliveira, Martin Čadek, Vera Cubela Adoric, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Therese E Sverdrup, Balazs Aczel, Danilo Zambrano, Christian K. Tamnes, Yuki Yamada, Leonhard Volz, Naoyuki Sunami, Lilian Suter, Luc Vieira, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Julia Kamburidis, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Mikayel Harutyunyan, Gabriel Agboola Adetula, Tara Bulut Allred, Krystian Barzykowski, Benedict Guzman Antazo, Dušana Šakan, Wilson Cyrus-Lai, Lina Ahlgren, Matej Hruška, Efisio Manunta, Aviv Mokady, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Marcel Martončik, Nicolas Say, Roosevelt Vilar, Karolina Staniaszek, Milica Vdovic, Matus Adamkovic, Niklas Johannes, Nandor Hajdu, Noga Cohen, Clara S. R. Overkott, Dino Krupić, Barbora Hubená, Gustav Nilsonne, Giovanna Mioni, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Tatsunori Ishii, Zhang Chen, Elizaveta Kushnir, CEMRE KARAARSLAN, Rafael Ramos Ribeiro, Małgorzata Kossowska, Jozef Bavolar, Karlijn Hoyer, Marta Roczniewska, Alper KARABABA, Maja Becker, Renan P. Monteiro, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Irem Metin-Orta, Luca Kozma, Gabriela Czarnek, Artur Domurat, Eva Štrukelj, Daniela Serrato Alvarez, Sébastien Massoni, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Ekaterina Pronizius, Fany Muchembled, Asli Sacakli, Evgeniya Hristova, Anna O. Kuzminska, Abdelilah CHARYATE, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Reza Afhami, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Erica D. Musser, Miroslav Sirota, Robert M Ross, Siu Kit Yeung, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Francesco Foroni, Inês A. T. Almeida, Dmitry Grigoryev, David M. G. Lewis, Dawn Liu Holford, Steve M. J. Janssen, Srinivasan Tatachari, Carlota Batres, Jonas Olofsson, Shimrit Daches, Anabel Belaus, Gerit Pfuhl, Nadia Saraí Corral-Frías, Daniela Sousa, Jan Philipp Röer, Peder Mortvedt Isager, Hendrik Godbersen, Radoslaw B. Walczak, Natalia Van Doren, Dongning Ren, Martin Voracek, Lisa Marie DeBruine, Michele Anne, Sanja Batić Očovaj, Andrew G. Thomas, Alexios Arvanitis, Thomas Ostermann, Kelly Wolfe, Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze, Claus Lamm, Robert Calin-Jageman, William E. Davis, Maria Karekla, Saša Zorjan, Lisa M Jaremka, Jim Uttley, Monika Hricova, Monica A Koehn, Hui Bai, Anthony James Krafnick, Busra Bahar Balci, Tonia Ballantyne, Samuel Lins, Zahir Vally, Celia Esteban Serna, Kathleen Schmidt, Paulo Manuel Labalan Macapagal, Paulina Szwed, Przemysław Zdybek, David Moreau, W. Matthew Collins, Jennifer Alana Joy-Gaba, Iris Vilares, Ulrich S. Tran, Jordane Boudesseul, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Barnaby Dixson, Jennifer Torkildson Perillo, Ana Ferreira, Erin Corwin Westgate, Chris Aberson, Azuka Ikechukwu ARINZE, Bastian Jaeger, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Jaime Silva Rojas, Daniel Storage, Allison Janak, Jose Angel Soto, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Randy J. McCarthy, Alexa Mary Tullett, Martha Frias-Armenta, Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro, Andree Hartanto, Paul Forbes, Megan Willis, Adriana Olaya Torres, ANABEL DE LA ROSA GOMEZ, Clare Sutherland, Mathi Manavalan, Jan Urban, Ernest Baskin, Joseph Patrick McFall, Chisom Ogbonnaya, Cynthia H.Y. Fu, Rima-Maria Rahal, Izuchukwu Lawrence Gabriel Ndukaihe, Tom Hostler, Heather Barry Kappes, Piotr Sorokowski, Meetu Khosla, Johannes K Vilsmeier, Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia, Rafał Muda, Elena Agadullina, Rodrigo Cárcamo, Crystal Reeck, Gulnaz Anjum, Mónica Toro, Michał Misiak, Richard M. Ryan, Nora L. Nock, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Michael Craig Mensink, Gilad Feldman, Aaron Lee Wichman, Ignazio Ziano, Martin Seehuus, William J. Chopik, Franki Y. H. Kung, Joelle Carpentier, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Hongfei Du, Qinyu Xiao, Tiago J. S. Lima, Chris Noone, Sandersan Onie, Frederick Verbruggen, Theda Radtke, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Ahmed Khaoudi, Ahmed Bokkour, Ikhlas Djamai, Ian David Stephen, Thuy-vy Thi Nguyen, Brian P. Gill, Hannah Moshontz, Charles Dorison, Karen Yu, Diego Vega, Natalya Kiselnikova, Michal Parzuchowski, Sylwia Adamus, Ilya Zakharov, Luis Eudave, Afroja Ahmed, Kevin van Schie, Wlliam Alexander Jimenez Leal, MohammadHasan Sharifian, David C. Vaidis, Katarzyna Filip, Carsten Bundt, Behzad Behzadnia, Tripat Gill, Weilun Chou, Maria del Carmen, and Maximilian Primbs

Abstract

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data.

Published
2023

20. Perceptual Grouping of Random Dot Patterns in the Presence of a Tilting Frame

Author

Arefe Sarami, Reza Afhami, and Setareh Mokhtari

Subjects
Ophthalmology, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Sensory Systems
Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of tilting a frame on the perceptual organization in random dot patterns. Ten random patterns of nine dots were generated. For each pattern, a square frame was tilted at seven angles around the dots. Ten observers were asked to indicate the groups of dots in each stimulus. Each stimulus was seen 4 times by each observer which enabled us to study within-subject consistencies provided grouping reports. Within- and between-subject consistencies were computed to study if the responses provided by participants were consistent and thus reliable. The dominant group was defined as the most repeated group in all 40 reports (10 participants, 4 repetitions) obtained for each stimulus. We studied how tilting a frame affected the dominant group in each dot pattern. Perceptual grouping was not affected by tilting the frame. Based on a qualitative inspection, we remark that fundamental principles, for example, proximity, good continuation, and closure, respectively, in the order of strength, may remain the main drivers of the grouping behavior, irrespective of differences in the number of dots in each group, and the frame orientation. The numerosity condition did not affect our results. Similar trends were observed in patterns of 9 and 18 dots patterns.

Published
2022

21. Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) across 37 Languages

Author

Marta Kowal, Piotr Sorokowski, Bojana M. Dinić, Katarzyna Pisanski, Biljana Gjoneska, David Frederick, Gerit Pfuhl, Taciano L Milfont, Adam Bode, Leonardo Aguilar, Felipe E. García, Beatriz Abad Villaverde, Tina Kavčič, Kirill G. Miroshnik, Izuchukwu Lawrence Gabriel Ndukaihe, Katarína Šafárová, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Toivo Aavik, Angelique M. Blackburn, Hakan Çetinkaya, Izzet Duyar, Farida Guemaz, Tatsunori Ishii, Pavol Kačmár, Jean Carlos Natividade, Ravit Nussinson, Mohd Sofian B. Omar-Fauzee, Ma. Criselda T. Pacquing, Koen Ponnet, Austin Horng-En Wang, Gyesook Yoo, Rizwana Amin, Ekaterine Pirtskhalava, Reza Afhami, Alexios Arvanitis, Derya Atamturk Duyar, Théo Besson, Boussena Mahmoud, Seda Can, Ali R. Can, João Carneiro, Rita Castro, Dimitri Chubinidze, Ksenija Čunichina, Yahya Don, Seda Dural, Edgardo Etchezahar, feten Fekih-Romdhane, Tomasz Frackowiak, Nasim Ghahraman Moharrampour, Talía Gómez Yepes, Simone Grassini, Marija Jovic, Sevag K. Kertechian, Farah Khan, Aleksander Kobylarek, Valerija Krizanic, Samuel Lincoln Bezerra Lins, Tetyana Mandzyk, Efisio Manunta, Tamara Martinac Dorčić, Kavitha N. Muthu, Arooj Najmussaqib, Tobias Otterbring, Ju Hee Park, Irena Pavela Banai, Mariia Perun, Marc Eric S. Reyes, Jan Philipp Röer, Ayşegül Şahin, Fatima zahra SAHLI, Dušana Šakan, Sangeeta Singh, Sanja Smojver-Azic, Sinem Söylemez, Ognen Spasovski, Anna Studzinska, Ezgi Toplu-Demirtas, Arkadiusz Urbanek, Tatiana Volkodav, Anna Wlodarczyk, Mohd Faiz Mohd Y. Yaakob, Mat Rahimi Yusof, Marcos Zumárraga-Espinosa, Maja Zupančič, and robert sternberg

Abstract

Love is a worldwide known phenomenon that affects many aspects of human life, including considering a romantic partner with whom to bond. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to test love levels is Sternberg's 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment. However, our literature review reveals that the majority of studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. To achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, here, we develop a short version of the scale–the TLS-15–which contains 15 items with a 5-point rather than 9-point response scale. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test-retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provided support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which could be used as a measure of love components–separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.

Published
2022

22. Perceptual Organisation Affects Perception and Appreciation of Abstract Art: A Case Study with Black Square and Red Square by Kazimir Malevich

Author

Arefe Sarami, Johan Wagemans, and Reza Afhami

Subjects
AESTHETIC JUDGMENTS, ASTONISH ME, regularity, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, media_common.quotation_subject, Abstract art, Visual art perception, perceptual organisation, grouping principles, Perception, media_common, MOVE ME, Arts & Humanities, BOTTOM-UP PROCESSES, GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY, VISUAL RIGHTNESS THEORY, VIENNA INTEGRATED MODEL, composition, BALANCE, Square (unit), PICTORIAL, Psychology, abstract art, TOP-DOWN, Art, shape perception, art experience, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Perceptual organisation is hypothesised as a key in the perception and appreciation of abstract art. Here, we investigated how relational and compositional features affected the perception and aesthetic appreciation of Black Square and Red Square by Kazimir Malevich (1915). We studied how (i) the presence and obliquity of the red square and (ii) the relative configuration of the black and red square affected the detectability of the obliquity of the black square in this artwork. Results showed that the simultaneous presence and obliquity of the red square masked the obliquity of the original black square. The likelihood of the black square being incorrectly perceived as an exact square was always maximum in the original configuration and even slight alterations in the original configuration of the work resulted in the obliquity of the black square to be noticed. The original artwork was more aesthetically preferred compared to its alternatives. We argue that the artist may have intentionally set the configuration to mask the obliquity of the black square and maximise the aesthetic preference.

Published
2021

23. Investigating the Relationship Between Anthropomorphism and Point of View by Analyzing the Visual Structure of Film in 'Hunters and Hunted' (2009)

Author

Reza Afhami, Ali Sheikh Mehdi, and Vahid Shamshirian

Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic), Point (typography), Aesthetics, Order (business), General Arts and Humanities, Shot (filmmaking), Perspective (graphical), General Social Sciences, Narrative, Sociology, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Composition (language), Key (music)
Abstract

This paper examines the creation of anthropomorphism through a point of view focusing on visual structure in the "Hunters and Hunted"(2009) documentary. One of the criticisms of wildlife films is the anthropomorphism of animal behavior and relationships in ecosystems in these documentaries, as it can lead to distortions of animal behavior in ecosystems. One of the aims of this article is to indicate the part of anthropomorphism that is created through the point of view and through the visual form of the work, so in order to avoid anthropomorphism in films, more attention should be paid to the form of aesthetic. Point-of-view analysis shows that subjective point of view (P.O.V) shots leads to anthropomorphism from the perspective of non-human beings. With this in mind, the different perspectives were explored in "Hunters and Hunted" from the “life” (2009) series. Surveys show that from 475 shots of this documentary, 14 shots are from the first person’s point of view from an animal perspective to advance the narrative. The structure of the P.O.V created in these shots shows that the shot / reverse angle shot pattern was used to create the subjective point of view and the image composition and also editing played a key role in creating the P.O.V shots in this documentary.

Published
2020

25. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

Author

Marta Kowal, Piotr Sorokowski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Jaroslava V. Valentova, Marco A.C. Varella, David A. Frederick, Laith Al-Shawaf, Felipe E. García, Isabella Giammusso, Biljana Gjoneska, Luca Kozma, Tobias Otterbring, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Gerit Pfuhl, Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Studzinska, Ezgi Toplu-Demirtaş, Anna K. Touloumakos, Bence E. Bakos, Carlota Batres, Solenne Bonneterre, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Jovi C. Dacanay, Eliane Deschrijver, Maryanne L. Fisher, Caterina Grano, Dmitry Grigoryev, Pavol Kačmár, Mikhail V. Kozlov, Efisio Manunta, Karlijn Massar, Joseph P. McFall, Moises Mebarak, Maria Rosa Miccoli, Taciano L. Milfont, Pavol Prokop, Toivo Aavik, Patrícia Arriaga, Roberto Baiocco, Jiří Čeněk, Hakan Çetinkaya, Izzet Duyar, Farida Guemaz, Tatsunori Ishii, Julia A. Kamburidis, Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree, Linda H. Lidborg, Hagar Manor, Ravit Nussinson, Mohd Sofian B. Omar-Fauzee, Farid Pazhoohi, Koen Ponnet, Anabela Caetano Santos, Oksana Senyk, Ognen Spasovski, Mona Vintila, Austin H. Wang, Gyesook Yoo, Oulmann Zerhouni, Rizwana Amin, Sibele Aquino, Merve Boğa, Mahmoud Boussena, Ali R. Can, Seda Can, Rita Castro, Antonio Chirumbolo, Ogeday Çoker, Clément Cornec, Seda Dural, Stephanie J. Eder, Nasim Ghahraman Moharrampour, Simone Grassini, Evgeniya Hristova, Gözde Ikizer, Nicolas Kervyn, Mehmet Koyuncu, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Samuel Lins, Tetyana Mandzyk, Silvia Mari, Alan D.A. Mattiassi, Aybegum Memisoglu-Sanli, Mara Morelli, Felipe C. Novaes, Miriam Parise, Irena Pavela Banai, Mariia Perun, Nejc Plohl, Fatima Zahra Sahli, Dušana Šakan, Sanja Smojver-Azic, Çağlar Solak, Sinem Söylemez, Asako Toyama, Anna Wlodarczyk, Yuki Yamada, Beatriz Abad-Villaverde, Reza Afhami, Grace Akello, Nael H. Alami, Leyla Alma, Marios Argyrides, Derya Atamtürk, Nana Burduli, Sayra Cardona, João Carneiro, Andrea Castañeda, Izabela Chałatkiewicz, William J. Chopik, Dimitri Chubinidze, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Jorge Contreras-Garduño, Diana Ribeiro da Silva, Yahya B. Don, Silvia Donato, Dmitrii Dubrov, Michaela Duračková, Sanjana Dutt, Samuel O. Ebimgbo, Ignacio Estevan, Edgardo Etchezahar, Peter Fedor, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Tomasz Frackowiak, Katarzyna Galasinska, Łukasz Gargula, Benjamin Gelbart, Talia Gomez Yepes, Brahim Hamdaoui, Ivana Hromatko, Salome N. Itibi, Luna Jaforte, Steve M.J. Janssen, Marija Jovic, Kevin S. Kertechian, Farah Khan, Aleksander Kobylarek, Maida Koso-Drljevic, Anna Krasnodębska, Valerija Križanić, Miguel Landa-Blanco, Alvaro Mailhos, Tiago Marot, Tamara Martinac Dorcic, Martha Martinez-Banfi, Mat Rahimi Yusof, Marlon Mayorga-Lascano, Vita Mikuličiūtė, Katarina Mišetić, Bojan Musil, Arooj Najmussaqib, Kavitha Nalla Muthu, Jean C. Natividade, Izuchukwu L.G. Ndukaihe, Ellen K. Nyhus, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Salma S. Omar, Franciszek Ostaszewski, Ma. Criselda T. Pacquing, Ariela F. Pagani, Ju Hee Park, Ekaterine Pirtskhalava, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Marc Eric S. Reyes, Jan P. Röer, Ayşegül Şahin, Adil Samekin, Rūta Sargautytė, Tatiana Semenovskikh, Henrik Siepelmeyer, Sangeeta Singh, Alicja Sołtys, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Rodrigo Soto-López, Liliya Sultanova, William Tamayo-Agudelo, Chee-Seng Tan, Gulmira T. Topanova, Merve Topcu Bulut, Bastien Trémolière, Singha Tulyakul, Belgüzar N. Türkan, Arkadiusz Urbanek, Tatiana Volkodav, Kathryn V. Walter, Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob, Marcos Zumárraga-Espinosa, Kowal, M, Sorokowski, P, Pisanski, K, Valentova, J, Varella, M, Frederick, D, Al-Shawaf, L, García, F, Giammusso, I, Gjoneska, B, Kozma, L, Otterbring, T, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Pfuhl, G, Stöckli, S, Studzinska, A, Toplu-Demirtaş, E, Touloumakos, A, Bakos, B, Batres, C, Bonneterre, S, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Dacanay, J, Deschrijver, E, Fisher, M, Grano, C, Grigoryev, D, Kačmár, P, Kozlov, M, Manunta, E, Massar, K, Mcfall, J, Mebarak, M, Miccoli, M, Milfont, T, Prokop, P, Aavik, T, Arriaga, P, Baiocco, R, Čeněk, J, Çetinkaya, H, Duyar, I, Guemaz, F, Ishii, T, Kamburidis, J, Khun-Inkeeree, H, Lidborg, L, Manor, H, Nussinson, R, Omar-Fauzee, M, Pazhoohi, F, Ponnet, K, Santos, A, Senyk, O, Spasovski, O, Vintila, M, Wang, A, Yoo, G, Zerhouni, O, Amin, R, Aquino, S, Boğa, M, Boussena, M, Can, A, Can, S, Castro, R, Chirumbolo, A, Çoker, O, Cornec, C, Dural, S, Eder, S, Moharrampour, N, Grassini, S, Hristova, E, Ikizer, G, Kervyn, N, Koyuncu, M, Kunisato, Y, Lins, S, Mandzyk, T, Mari, S, Mattiassi, A, Memisoglu-Sanli, A, Morelli, M, Novaes, F, Parise, M, Banai, I, Perun, M, Plohl, N, Sahli, F, Šakan, D, Smojver-Azic, S, Solak, Ç, Söylemez, S, Toyama, A, Wlodarczyk, A, Yamada, Y, Abad-Villaverde, B, Afhami, R, Akello, G, Alami, N, Alma, L, Argyrides, M, Atamtürk, D, Burduli, N, Cardona, S, Carneiro, J, Castañeda, A, Chałatkiewicz, I, Chopik, W, Chubinidze, D, Conroy-Beam, D, Contreras-Garduño, J, da Silva, D, Don, Y, Donato, S, Dubrov, D, Duračková, M, Dutt, S, Ebimgbo, S, Estevan, I, Etchezahar, E, Fedor, P, Fekih-Romdhane, F, Frackowiak, T, Galasinska, K, Gargula, Ł, Gelbart, B, Yepes, T, Hamdaoui, B, Hromatko, I, Itibi, S, Jaforte, L, Janssen, S, Jovic, M, Kertechian, K, Khan, F, Kobylarek, A, Koso-Drljevic, M, Krasnodębska, A, Križanić, V, Landa-Blanco, M, Mailhos, A, Marot, T, Dorcic, T, Martinez-Banfi, M, Yusof, M, Mayorga-Lascano, M, Mikuličiūtė, V, Mišetić, K, Musil, B, Najmussaqib, A, Muthu, K, Natividade, J, Ndukaihe, I, Nyhus, E, Oberzaucher, E, Omar, S, Ostaszewski, F, Pacquing, M, Pagani, A, Park, J, Pirtskhalava, E, Reips, U, Reyes, M, Röer, J, Şahin, A, Samekin, A, Sargautytė, R, Semenovskikh, T, Siepelmeyer, H, Singh, S, Sołtys, A, Sorokowska, A, Soto-López, R, Sultanova, L, Tamayo-Agudelo, W, Tan, C, Topanova, G, Bulut, M, Trémolière, B, Tulyakul, S, Türkan, B, Urbanek, A, Volkodav, T, Walter, K, Yaakob, M, Zumárraga-Espinosa, M, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, RS: FPN WSP II, and Section Applied Social Psychology

Subjects
Objectification Theory, REDES SOCIAIS, SEX-DIFFERENCES, Self-modification, Evolution, Humanidades::Outras Humanidades [Domínio/Área Científica], Facial Attractiveness, Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde [Domínio/Área Científica], Social Sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary Perspective, Self-Objectification, Pathogen stress, EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE, Social media usage, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Behavior and Systematics, ddc:150, Womens Body-Image, Mating market perspective, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas [Domínio/Área Científica], WOMENS BODY-IMAGE, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, OBJECTIFICATION THEORY, M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Evolutionary theory, Appearance, Gender-Role, Ecology, MATE PREFERENCES, Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 [VDP], Mate Preferences, PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, SELF-OBJECTIFICATION, GENDER-ROLE, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Social Media Use, SOCIAL MEDIA USE, Sex-Differences, VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200, FACIAL ATTRACTIVENESS, Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica], Pathogen stre, Personal Ornaments
Abstract

People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives., National Science Center, Poland [2019/33/N/HS6/00054]; Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University); Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF; FCT [UID/PSI/03125/2021, SFRH/BD/126304/2016]; UTAR Research Centre Excellence Award; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman [2019 -CAP (6401/0019)], This work is the result of the research project funded by the National Science Center, Poland (2019/33/N/HS6/00054). Dmitry Grigoryev was supported by the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).; Dmitrii Dubrov was supported by the Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF.; Patricia Arriaga was supported by the FCT through funds from the research center UID/PSI/03125/2021. Anabela C. Santos was supported by the FCT through funds from a PhD grant SFRH/BD/126304/2016. Kavitha Nalla Muthu and Chee-Seng Tan were supported by the UTAR Research Centre Excellence Award 2019 -CAP (6401/0019) from the Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman.

Published
2022

26. Modified Cricothyroidotomy in Skill Laboratory

Author

Hassan Soleimanpour, Samad Shams Vahdati, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Jafar Rahimi Panahi, Mohammad Reza Afhami, Mahboub Pouraghaei, and Samad EJ Golzari

Subjects
Percutaneous Cricothyroidotomy, Difficult Airway Management, Skill Laboratory, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Introduction: Unsuccessful tracheal intubation is considered the most common cause of anesthesia death or brain damage. This study delineates our experience recommending modifications in the cricothyroidotomy technique .Methods: Thirty emergency medicine residents of participated in a study performed on the human simulator moulage in Skill Laboratory of Tabriz University of Medical Science. The cricothyroid membrane was punctured using a 16-gauge cannula. Later, J guide wire was advanced into trachea and standard 16-gauge intravenous cannula with a removable needle stylet withdrawn after the puncture being dilated by a dilator. Consequently, a cuffed tracheal tube (ID= 6) was introduced from the foramen. Results: From 30 residents, 18 residents performed cricothyroidotomy within 1 minute, 7 residents in 2 minutes and 5 residents failed to fulfill the procedure. Conclusion: Several studies using cadavers and human simulators have demonstrated the pre-hospital feasibility of this technique. However, descriptions of clinical pre-hospital experience with percutaneous cricothyroidotomy are limited. This study shows that skill lab may help residents to acquire techniques required in management of difficult airway.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Ke Wang, Amit Goldenberg, Charles A. Dorison, Jeremy K. Miller, Andero Uusberg, Jennifer S. Lerner, James J. Gross, Bamikole Bamikole Agesin, Márcia Bernardo, Olatz Campos, Luis Eudave, Karolina Grzech, Daphna Hausman Ozery, Emily A. Jackson, Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia, Shira Meir Drexler, Anita Penić Jurković, Kafeel Rana, John Paul Wilson, Maria Antoniadi, Kermeka Desai, Zoi Gialitaki, Elizaveta Kushnir, Khaoula Nadif, Olalla Niño Bravo, Rafia Nauman, Marlies Oosterlinck, Myrto Pantazi, Natalia Pilecka, Anna Szabelska, I. M. M. van Steenkiste, Katarzyna Filip, Andreea Ioana Bozdoc, Gabriela Mariana Marcu, Elena Agadullina, Matúš Adamkovič, Marta Roczniewska, Cecilia Reyna, Angelos P. Kassianos, Minja Westerlund, Lina Ahlgren, Sara Pöntinen, Gabriel Agboola Adetula, Pinar Dursun, Azuka Ikechukwu Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze, Chisom Esther Ogbonnaya, Izuchukwu L. G. Ndukaihe, Ilker Dalgar, Handan Akkas, Paulo Manuel Macapagal, Savannah Lewis, Irem Metin-Orta, Francesco Foroni, Megan Willis, Anabela Caetano Santos, Aviv Mokady, Niv Reggev, Merve A. Kurfali, Martin R. Vasilev, Nora L. Nock, Michal Parzuchowski, Mauricio F. Espinoza Barría, Marek Vranka, Markéta Braun Kohlová, Ivan Ropovik, Mikayel Harutyunyan, Chunhui Wang, Elvin Yao, Maja Becker, Efisio Manunta, Gwenael Kaminski, Jordane Boudesseul, Dafne Marko, Kortnee Evans, David M. G. Lewis, Andrej Findor, Anais Thibault Landry, John Jamir Benzon Aruta, Manuel S. Ortiz, Zahir Vally, Ekaterina Pronizius, Martin Voracek, Claus Lamm, Maurice Grinberg, Ranran Li, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Giovanna Mioni, Nicola Cellini, Sau-Chin Chen, Janis Zickfeld, Karis Moon, Habiba Azab, Neil Levy, Alper Karababa, Jennifer L. Beaudry, Leanne Boucher, W. Matthew Collins, Anna Louise Todsen, Kevin van Schie, Jáchym Vintr, Jozef Bavolar, Lada Kaliska, Valerija Križanić, Lara Samojlenko, Razieh Pourafshari, Sandra J. Geiger, Julia Beitner, Lara Warmelink, Robert M. Ross, Ian D. Stephen, Thomas J. Hostler, Soufian Azouaghe, Randy McCarthy, Anna Szala, Caterina Grano, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Gulnaz Anjum, William Jimenez-Leal, Maria Bradford, Laura Calderón Pérez, Julio E. Cruz Vásquez, Oscar J. Galindo-Caballero, Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto, Ondřej Kácha, Alexios Arvanitis, Qinyu Xiao, Rodrigo Cárcamo, Saša Zorjan, Zuzanna Tajchman, Iris Vilares, Jeffrey M. Pavlacic, Jonas R. Kunst, Christian K. Tamnes, Claudia C. von Bastian, Mohammad Atari, MohammadHasan Sharifian, Monika Hricova, Pavol Kačmár, Jana Schrötter, Rima-Maria Rahal, Noga Cohen, Saeideh FatahModares, Miha Zrimsek, Ilya Zakharov, Monica A. Koehn, Celia Esteban-Serna, Robert J. Calin-Jageman, Anthony J. Krafnick, Eva Štrukelj, Peder Mortvedt Isager, Jan Urban, Jaime R. Silva, Marcel Martončik, Sanja Batić Očovaj, Dušana Šakan, Anna O. Kuzminska, Jasna Milosevic Djordjevic, Inês A. T. Almeida, Ana Ferreira, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Harry Manley, Danilo Zambrano Ricaurte, Renan P. Monteiro, Zahra Etabari, Erica Musser, Daniel Dunleavy, Weilun Chou, Hendrik Godbersen, Susana Ruiz-Fernández, Crystal Reeck, Carlota Batres, Komila Kirgizova, Abdumalik Muminov, Flavio Azevedo, Daniela Serrato Alvarez, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Jeong Min Lee, Zhang Chen, Frederick Verbruggen, Ignazio Ziano, Murat Tümer, Abdelilah C. A. Charyate, Dmitrii Dubrov, María del Carmen M. C. Tejada Rivera, Christopher Aberson, Bence Pálfi, Mónica Alarcón Maldonado, Barbora Hubena, Asli Sacakli, Chris D. Ceary, Karley L. Richard, Gage Singer, Jennifer T. Perillo, Tonia Ballantyne, Wilson Cyrus-Lai, Maksim Fedotov, Hongfei Du, Magdalena Wielgus, Ilse L. Pit, Matej Hruška, Daniela Sousa, Balazs Aczel, Nandor Hajdu, Barnabas Szaszi, Sylwia Adamus, Krystian Barzykowski, Leticia Micheli, Nadya-Daniela Schmidt, Andras N. Zsido, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Rafał Muda, Michal Bialek, Marta Kowal, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Michal Misiak, Débora Mola, María Victoria Ortiz, Pablo Sebastián Correa, Anabel Belaus, Fany Muchembled, Rafael R. Ribeiro, Patricia Arriaga, Raquel Oliveira, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Paulina Szwed, Małgorzata Kossowska, Gabriela Czarnek, Julita Kielińska, Benedict Antazo, Ruben Betlehem, Stefan Stieger, Gustav Nilsonne, Nicolle Simonovic, Jennifer Taber, Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Artur Domurat, Keiko Ihaya, Yuki Yamada, Anum Urooj, Tripat Gill, Martin Čadek, Lisa Bylinina, Johanna Messerschmidt, Murathan Kurfalı, Adeyemi Adetula, Ekaterina Baklanova, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Heather B. Kappes, Biljana Gjoneska, Thea House, Marc V. Jones, Jana B. Berkessel, William J. Chopik, Sami Çoksan, Martin Seehuus, Ahmed Khaoudi, Ahmed Bokkour, Kanza Ait El Arabi, Ikhlas Djamai, Aishwarya Iyer, Neha Parashar, Arca Adiguzel, Halil Emre Kocalar, Carsten Bundt, James O. Norton, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Anabel De la Rosa-Gomez, Vladislav Ankushev, Natalia Bogatyreva, Dmitry Grigoryev, Aleksandr Ivanov, Irina Prusova, Marina Romanova, Irena Sarieva, Maria Terskova, Evgeniya Hristova, Veselina Hristova Kadreva, Allison Janak, Vidar Schei, Therese E. Sverdrup, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Lina Maria Sanabria Pineda, Dajana Krupić, Carmel A. Levitan, Niklas Johannes, Nihal Ouherrou, Nicolas Say, Sladjana Sinkolova, Kristina Janjić, Marija Stojanovska, Dragana Stojanovska, Meetu Khosla, Andrew G. Thomas, Franki Y. H. Kung, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Farnaz Mosannenzadeh, Busra Bahar Balci, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Ernest Baskin, Byurakn Ishkhanyan, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Barnaby James Wyld Dixson, David Moreau, Clare A. M. Sutherland, Hu Chuan-Peng, Chris Noone, Heather Flowe, Michele Anne, Steve M. J. Janssen, Marta Topor, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Karen Yu, Shimrit Daches, Andree Hartanto, Milica Vdovic, Lisa Anton-Boicuk, Paul A. G. Forbes, Julia Kamburidis, Evelina Marinova, Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova, Nikolay R. Rachev, Alina Stoyanova, Kathleen Schmidt, Jordan W. Suchow, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Teodor Jernsäther, Jonas K. Olofsson, Olga Bialobrzeska, Magdalena Marszalek, Srinivasan Tatachari, Reza Afhami, Wilbert Law, Jan Antfolk, Barbara Žuro, Natalia Van Doren, Jose A. Soto, Rachel Searston, Jacob Miranda, Kaja Damnjanović, Siu Kit Yeung, Dino Krupić, Karlijn Hoyer, Bastian Jaeger, Dongning Ren, Gerit Pfuhl, Kristoffer Klevjer, Nadia S. Corral-Frías, Martha Frias-Armenta, Marc Y. Lucas, Adriana Olaya Torres, Mónica Toro, Lady Grey Javela Delgado, Diego Vega, Sara Álvarez Solas, Roosevelt Vilar, Sébastien Massoni, Thomas Frizzo, Alexandre Bran, David C. Vaidis, Luc Vieira, Bastien Paris, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho, Anna Greenburgh, Cassie M. Whitt, Alexa M. Tullett, Xinkai Du, Leonhard Volz, Minke Jasmijn Bosma, Cemre Karaarslan, Eylül Sarıoğuz, Tara Bulut Allred, Max Korbmacher, Melissa F. Colloff, Tiago J. S. Lima, Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro, Jeroen P. H. Verharen, Maria Karekla, Christiana Karashiali, Naoyuki Sunami, Lisa M. Jaremka, Daniel Storage, Sumaiya Habib, Anna Studzinska, Paul H. P. Hanel, Dawn Liu Holford, Miroslav Sirota, Kelly Wolfe, Faith Chiu, Andriana Theodoropoulou, El Rim Ahn, Yijun Lin, Erin C. Westgate, Hilmar Brohmer, Gabriela Hofer, Olivier Dujols, Kevin Vezirian, Gilad Feldman, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Afroja Ahmed, Manyu Li, Jasmijn Bosch, Nathan Torunsky, Hui Bai, Mathi Manavalan, Xin Song, Radoslaw B. Walczak, Przemysław Zdybek, Maja Friedemann, Anna Dalla Rosa, Luca Kozma, Sara G. Alves, Samuel Lins, Isabel R. Pinto, Rita C. Correia, Peter Babinčák, Gabriel Banik, Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia, Marco A. C. Varella, Jim Uttley, Julie E. Beshears, Katrine Krabbe Thommesen, Behzad Behzadnia, Shawn N. Geniole, Miguel A. Silan, Princess Lovella G. Maturan, Johannes K. Vilsmeier, Ulrich S. Tran, Sara Morales Izquierdo, Michael C. Mensink, Piotr Sorokowski, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Theda Radtke, Vera Cubela Adoric, Joelle Carpentier, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Jennifer A. Joy-Gaba, Mattie V. Hedgebeth, Tatsunori Ishii, Aaron L. Wichman, Jan Philipp Röer, Thomas Ostermann, William E. Davis, Lilian Suter, Konstantinos Papachristopoulos, Chelsea Zabel, Sandersan Onie, Charles R. Ebersole, Christopher R. Chartier, Peter R. Mallik, Heather L. Urry, Erin M. Buchanan, Nicholas A. Coles, Maximilian A. Primbs, Dana M. Basnight-Brown, Hans IJzerman, Patrick S. Forscher, and Hannah Moshontz

Subjects
Behavioral Neuroscience, Behaviour Change and Well-being, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Social Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Abstract

Correction to: Nature Human Behaviour https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01173-x, published online 2 August 2021.In the version of this article initially published, the following authors were omitted from the author list and the Author contributionssection for “investigation” and “writing and editing”: Nandor Hajdu (Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest,Hungary), Jordane Boudesseul (Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Perú), RafałMuda (Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland) and Sandersan Onie (Black Dog Institute, UNSWSydney, Sydney, Australia & Emotional Health for All Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia). In addition, Saeideh FatahModares’ name wasoriginally misspelled as Saiedeh FatahModarres in the author list. Further, affiliations have been corrected for Maria Terskova (NationalResearch University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia), Susana Ruiz Fernandez (FOM University of Applied Sciences,Essen; Leibniz-Institut fur Wissensmedien, Tubingen, and LEAD Research Network, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany),Hendrik Godbersen (FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany), Gulnaz Anjum (Department of Psychology, Simon FraserUniversity, Burnaby, Canada, and Department of Economics & Social Sciences, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan).

Published
2022

29. Adult Attachment and Long-term Mate Preferences in Iran

Author

Parisa Rafiee and Reza Afhami

Subjects
Religiosity, Social Psychology, Kindness, media_common.quotation_subject, Attachment theory, Sample (statistics), Psychology, Mating preferences, Term (time), Developmental psychology, media_common
Abstract

Attachment research has investigated the ways in which individual differences in attachment influence relationship outcomes. Research on individual differences in attachment and mating preferences is lacking in non-Western cultures. The current study examined the relationships between attachment dimensions and long-term mate preferences in Iran. A sample of adults (N = 255; 54% women) completed measures of attachment and long-term mate preferences. Anxious attachment was positively correlated with women’s preferences for Education/Intelligence and Religiosity/Chastity, and positively associated with men’s preferences for Kindness/Dependability, Status/Resources, and Religiosity/Chastity in choosing a long-term mate. Avoidant attachment style was not related to long-term mate preferences in either sexes. Findings are discussed in the light of evolutionary perspectives on attachment and human mate preferences. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

Published
2019

30. Magical thinking and superstitious beliefs in Iranian culture

Author

Reza Afhami, Shahin Mohammadi-Zarghan, and Naeeme Danesh

Subjects
Linguistics and Language, Gender effect, Convergent validity, Folklore, Psychological research, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Psychology, Social psychology, Exploratory factor analysis, Magical thinking
Abstract

There is evidence that superstitious beliefs are different across cultures. Yet, very little attention has been allocated to psychological research on culture-specific superstitions, particularly in non-Western societies. The present study examined magical thinking and superstitious beliefs in Iran, developing a culture-specific measure named Iranian Superstitious Beliefs Questionnaire (ISBQ). Following a comprehensive study on folklore superstitions in Iran, we developed a 10-item measure. Women scored higher than men in all items, but the magnitude of the gender effect was small to moderate. Exploratory factor analysis suggested that two factors can be extracted: magical thinking (5 items) and superstitious beliefs (5 items). These two factors were moderately correlated (r = 0.35, p

Published
2019

31. Theory-Driven Assessment of Intrasexual Rivalry

Author

Elahe Ghanbarian, Reza Afhami, Razieh Chegeni, and Farzan Karimi-Malekabadi

Subjects
Social Psychology, 05 social sciences, Perspective (graphical), 050109 social psychology, Sample (statistics), Evolutionary psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, Exploratory factor analysis, Scale (social sciences), Sexual selection, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Mating, Psychology, Rivalry, Social psychology
Abstract

Assessment of intrasexual competition has largely relied on Intrasexual Competition Scale (ICS; Buunk & Fisher Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 7:37–48, 2009). Based on recent developments in mating psychology and the notion that humans use multiple tactics to compete with same-sex individuals, we propose a new theory-driven assessment strategy for intrasexual rivalry in men and women. Here, we develop and initially validate the 16-item Intrasexual Rivalry Scale (IRS). Eight items represented self-promoting tactics in four mating areas and eight items represented rival-derogatory tactics in the same mating areas. We pre-registered our study design and statistical strategy and recruited a community sample in a non-Western culture, Iran. Consistent with our theoretical expectation, exploratory factor analysis (N = 211) clearly suggested extraction of two distinct factors (self-promotion and rival-derogation). Results suggested that scores on the ICS are strongly correlated with rival-derogation, but only weakly associated with self-promotion. Findings are explained in the light of evolutionary psychological perspective and future directions with the newly developed scale are outlined.

Published
2019

32. A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Ke Wang, Amit Goldenberg, Charles A. Dorison, Jeremy K. Miller, Andero Uusberg, Jennifer S. Lerner, James J. Gross, Bamikole Bamikole Agesin, Márcia Bernardo, Olatz Campos, Luis Eudave, Karolina Grzech, Daphna Hausman Ozery, Emily A. Jackson, Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia, Shira Meir Drexler, Anita Penić Jurković, Kafeel Rana, John Paul Wilson, Maria Antoniadi, Kermeka Desai, Zoi Gialitaki, Elizaveta Kushnir, Khaoula Nadif, Olalla Niño Bravo, Rafia Nauman, Marlies Oosterlinck, Myrto Pantazi, Natalia Pilecka, Anna Szabelska, I. M.M. van Steenkiste, Katarzyna Filip, Andreea Ioana Bozdoc, Gabriela Mariana Marcu, Elena Agadullina, Matúš Adamkovič, MA (Marta) Roczniewska, Cecilia Reyna, Angelos P. Kassianos, Minja Westerlund, Lina Ahlgren, Sara Pöntinen, Gabriel Agboola Adetula, Pinar Dursun, Azuka Ikechukwu Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze, Chisom Esther Ogbonnaya, Izuchukwu L.G. Ndukaihe, Ilker Dalgar, Handan Akkas, Paulo Manuel Macapagal, Savannah Lewis, Irem Metin-Orta, Francesco Foroni, Megan Willis, Anabela Caetano Santos, Aviv Mokady, Niv Reggev, Merve A. Kurfali, Martin R. Vasilev, Nora L. Nock, Michal Parzuchowski, Mauricio F. Espinoza Barría, Marek Vranka, Markéta Braun Kohlová, Ivan Ropovik, Mikayel Harutyunyan, Chunhui Wang, Elvin Yao, Maja Becker, Efisio Manunta, Gwenael Kaminski, Dafne Marko, Kortnee Evans, David M.G. Lewis, Andrej Findor, Anais Thibault Landry, John Jamir Benzon Aruta, Manuel S. Ortiz, Zahir Vally, Ekaterina Pronizius, Martin Voracek, Claus Lamm, Maurice Grinberg, Ranran Li, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Giovanna Mioni, Nicola Cellini, Sau Chin Chen, Janis Zickfeld, Karis Moon, Habiba Azab, Neil Levy, Alper Karababa, Jennifer L. Beaudry, Leanne Boucher, W. Matthew Collins, Anna Louise Todsen, K (Kevin) van Schie, Jáchym Vintr, Jozef Bavolar, Lada Kaliska, Valerija Križanić, Lara Samojlenko, Razieh Pourafshari, Sandra J. Geiger, Julia Beitner, Lara Warmelink, Robert M. Ross, Ian D. Stephen, Thomas J. Hostler, Soufian Azouaghe, Randy McCarthy, Anna Szala, Caterina Grano, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Gulnaz Anjum, William Jimenez-Leal, Maria Bradford, Laura Calderón Pérez, Julio E. Cruz Vásquez, Oscar J. Galindo-Caballero, Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto, Ondřej Kácha, Alexios Arvanitis, Qinyu Xiao, Rodrigo Cárcamo, Saša Zorjan, Zuzanna Tajchman, Iris Vilares, Jeffrey M. Pavlacic, Jonas R. Kunst, Christian K. Tamnes, Claudia C. von Bastian, Mohammad Atari, Mohammad Hasan Sharifian, Monika Hricova, Pavol Kačmár, Jana Schrötter, Rima Maria Rahal, Noga Cohen, Saiedeh FatahModarres, Miha Zrimsek, Ilya Zakharov, Monica A. Koehn, Celia Esteban-Serna, Robert J. Calin-Jageman, Anthony J. Krafnick, Eva Štrukelj, Peder Mortvedt Isager, Jan Urban, Jaime R. Silva, Marcel Martončik, Sanja Batić Očovaj, Dušana Šakan, Anna O. Kuzminska, Jasna Milosevic Djordjevic, Inês A.T. Almeida, A.S. (Ana) Ferreira, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Harry Manley, Danilo Zambrano Ricaurte, Renan P. Monteiro, Zahra Etabari, Erica Musser, Daniel Dunleavy, Weilun Chou, Hendrik Godbersen, Susana Ruiz-Fernández, Crystal Reeck, Carlota Batres, Komila Kirgizova, Abdumalik Muminov, Flavio Azevedo, Daniela Serrato Alvarez, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Jeong Min Lee, Zhang Chen, Frederick Verbruggen, Ignazio Ziano, Murat Tümer, Abdelilah C.A. Charyate, Dmitrii Dubrov, María del Carmen M.C. Tejada Rivera, Christopher Aberson, Bence Pálfi, Mónica Alarcón Maldonado, Barbora Hubena, Asli Sacakli, Chris D. Ceary, Karley L. Richard, Gage Singer, Jennifer T. Perillo, Tonia Ballantyne, Wilson Cyrus-Lai, Maksim Fedotov, Hongfei Du, Magdalena Wielgus, Ilse L. Pit, Matej Hruška, Daniela Sousa, Balazs Aczel, Barnabas Szaszi, Sylwia Adamus, Krystian Barzykowski, Leticia Micheli, Nadya Daniela Schmidt, Andras N. Zsido, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Michal Bialek, Marta Kowal, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Michal Misiak, Débora Mola, María Victoria Ortiz, Pablo Sebastián Correa, Anabel Belaus, Fany Muchembled, Rafael R. Ribeiro, Patricia Arriaga, Raquel Oliveira, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Paulina Szwed, Małgorzata Kossowska, Gabriela Czarnek, Julita Kielińska, Benedict Antazo, Ruben Betlehem, Stefan Stieger, Gustav Nilsonne, Nicolle Simonovic, Jennifer Taber, Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Artur Domurat, Keiko Ihaya, Yuki Yamada, Anum Urooj, Tripat Gill, Martin Čadek, Lisa Bylinina, Johanna Messerschmidt, Murathan Kurfalı, Adeyemi Adetula, Ekaterina Baklanova, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Heather B. Kappes, Biljana Gjoneska, Thea House, Marc V. Jones, Jana B. Berkessel, William J. Chopik, Sami Çoksan, Martin Seehuus, Ahmed Khaoudi, Ahmed Bokkour, Kanza Ait El Arabi, Ikhlas Djamai, Aishwarya Iyer, Neha Parashar, Arca Adiguzel, Halil Emre Kocalar, Carsten Bundt, James O. Norton, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Anabel De la Rosa-Gomez, Vladislav Ankushev, Natalia Bogatyreva, Dmitry Grigoryev, Aleksandr Ivanov, Irina Prusova, Marina Romanova, Irena Sarieva, Maria Terskova, Evgeniya Hristova, Veselina Hristova Kadreva, Allison Janak, Vidar Schei, Therese E. Sverdrup, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Lina Maria Sanabria Pineda, Dajana Krupić, Carmel A. Levitan, Niklas Johannes, Nihal Ouherrou, Nicolas Say, Sladjana Sinkolova, Kristina Janjić, Marija Stojanovska, Dragana Stojanovska, Meetu Khosla, Andrew G. Thomas, Franki Y.H. Kung, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Farnaz Mosannenzadeh, Busra Bahar Balci, Ulf Dietrich Reips, Ernest Baskin, Byurakn Ishkhanyan, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Barnaby James Wyld Dixson, David Moreau, Clare A.M. Sutherland, Hu Chuan-Peng, Chris Noone, Heather Flowe, Michele Anne, Steve M.J. Janssen, Marta Topor, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Karen Yu, Shimrit Daches, Andree Hartanto, Milica Vdovic, Lisa Anton-Boicuk, Paul A.G. Forbes, Julia Kamburidis, Evelina Marinova, Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova, Nikolay R. Rachev, Alina Stoyanova, Kathleen Schmidt, Jordan W. Suchow, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Teodor Jernsäther, Jonas K. Olofsson, Olga Bialobrzeska, Magdalena Marszalek, Srinivasan Tatachari, Reza Afhami, Wilbert Law, Jan Antfolk, Barbara Žuro, Natalia Van Doren, Jose A. Soto, Rachel Searston, Jacob Miranda, Kaja Damnjanović, Siu Kit Yeung, Dino Krupić, Karlijn Hoyer, Bastian Jaeger, Dongning Ren, Gerit Pfuhl, Kristoffer Klevjer, Nadia S. Corral-Frías, Martha Frias-Armenta, Marc Y. Lucas, Adriana Olaya Torres, Mónica Toro, Lady Grey Javela Delgado, Diego Vega, Sara Álvarez Solas, Roosevelt Vilar, Sébastien Massoni, Thomas Frizzo, Alexandre Bran, David C. Vaidis, Luc Vieira, Bastien Paris, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho, Anna Greenburgh, Cassie M. Whitt, Alexa M. Tullett, Xinkai Du, Leonhard Volz, Minke Jasmijn Bosma, Cemre Karaarslan, Eylül Sarıoğuz, Tara Bulut Allred, Max Korbmacher, Melissa F. Colloff, Tiago J.S. Lima, Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro, Jeroen P.H. Verharen, Maria Karekla, Christiana Karashiali, Naoyuki Sunami, Lisa M. Jaremka, Daniel Storage, Sumaiya Habib, Anna Studzinska, Paul H.P. Hanel, Dawn Liu Holford, Miroslav Sirota, Kelly Wolfe, Faith Chiu, Andriana Theodoropoulou, El Rim Ahn, Yijun Lin, Erin C. Westgate, Hilmar Brohmer, Gabriela Hofer, Olivier Dujols, Kevin Vezirian, Gilad Feldman, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Afroja Ahmed, Manyu Li, Jasmijn Bosch, Nathan Torunsky, Hui Bai, Mathi Manavalan, Xin Song, Radoslaw B. Walczak, Przemysław Zdybek, Maja Friedemann, Anna Dalla Rosa, Luca Kozma, Sara G. Alves, Samuel Lins, Isabel R. Pinto, Rita C. Correia, Peter Babinčák, Gabriel Banik, Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia, Marco A.C. Varella, Jim Uttley, Julie E. Beshears, Katrine Krabbe Thommesen, Behzad Behzadnia, Shawn N. Geniole, Miguel A. Silan, Princess Lovella G. Maturan, Johannes K. Vilsmeier, Ulrich S. Tran, Sara Morales Izquierdo, Michael C. Mensink, Piotr Sorokowski, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Theda Radtke, Vera Cubela Adoric, Joelle Carpentier, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Jennifer A. Joy-Gaba, Mattie V. Hedgebeth, Tatsunori Ishii, Aaron L. Wichman, Jan Philipp Röer, Thomas Ostermann, William E. Davis, Lilian Suter, Konstantinos Papachristopoulos, Chelsea Zabel, Charles R. Ebersole, Christopher R. Chartier, Peter R. Mallik, Heather L. Urry, Erin M. Buchanan, Nicholas A. Coles, Maximilian A. Primbs, Dana M. Basnight-Brown, Hans IJzerman, Patrick S. Forscher, Hannah Moshontz, Ke Wang, Amit Goldenberg, Charles A. Dorison, Jeremy K. Miller, Andero Uusberg, Jennifer S. Lerner, James J. Gross, Bamikole Bamikole Agesin, Márcia Bernardo, Olatz Campos, Luis Eudave, Karolina Grzech, Daphna Hausman Ozery, Emily A. Jackson, Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia, Shira Meir Drexler, Anita Penić Jurković, Kafeel Rana, John Paul Wilson, Maria Antoniadi, Kermeka Desai, Zoi Gialitaki, Elizaveta Kushnir, Khaoula Nadif, Olalla Niño Bravo, Rafia Nauman, Marlies Oosterlinck, Myrto Pantazi, Natalia Pilecka, Anna Szabelska, I. M.M. van Steenkiste, Katarzyna Filip, Andreea Ioana Bozdoc, Gabriela Mariana Marcu, Elena Agadullina, Matúš Adamkovič, MA (Marta) Roczniewska, Cecilia Reyna, Angelos P. Kassianos, Minja Westerlund, Lina Ahlgren, Sara Pöntinen, Gabriel Agboola Adetula, Pinar Dursun, Azuka Ikechukwu Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze, Chisom Esther Ogbonnaya, Izuchukwu L.G. Ndukaihe, Ilker Dalgar, Handan Akkas, Paulo Manuel Macapagal, Savannah Lewis, Irem Metin-Orta, Francesco Foroni, Megan Willis, Anabela Caetano Santos, Aviv Mokady, Niv Reggev, Merve A. Kurfali, Martin R. Vasilev, Nora L. Nock, Michal Parzuchowski, Mauricio F. Espinoza Barría, Marek Vranka, Markéta Braun Kohlová, Ivan Ropovik, Mikayel Harutyunyan, Chunhui Wang, Elvin Yao, Maja Becker, Efisio Manunta, Gwenael Kaminski, Dafne Marko, Kortnee Evans, David M.G. Lewis, Andrej Findor, Anais Thibault Landry, John Jamir Benzon Aruta, Manuel S. Ortiz, Zahir Vally, Ekaterina Pronizius, Martin Voracek, Claus Lamm, Maurice Grinberg, Ranran Li, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Giovanna Mioni, Nicola Cellini, Sau Chin Chen, Janis Zickfeld, Karis Moon, Habiba Azab, Neil Levy, Alper Karababa, Jennifer L. Beaudry, Leanne Boucher, W. Matthew Collins, Anna Louise Todsen, K (Kevin) van Schie, Jáchym Vintr, Jozef Bavolar, Lada Kaliska, Valerija Križanić, Lara Samojlenko, Razieh Pourafshari, Sandra J. Geiger, Julia Beitner, Lara Warmelink, Robert M. Ross, Ian D. Stephen, Thomas J. Hostler, Soufian Azouaghe, Randy McCarthy, Anna Szala, Caterina Grano, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Gulnaz Anjum, William Jimenez-Leal, Maria Bradford, Laura Calderón Pérez, Julio E. Cruz Vásquez, Oscar J. Galindo-Caballero, Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto, Ondřej Kácha, Alexios Arvanitis, Qinyu Xiao, Rodrigo Cárcamo, Saša Zorjan, Zuzanna Tajchman, Iris Vilares, Jeffrey M. Pavlacic, Jonas R. Kunst, Christian K. Tamnes, Claudia C. von Bastian, Mohammad Atari, Mohammad Hasan Sharifian, Monika Hricova, Pavol Kačmár, Jana Schrötter, Rima Maria Rahal, Noga Cohen, Saiedeh FatahModarres, Miha Zrimsek, Ilya Zakharov, Monica A. Koehn, Celia Esteban-Serna, Robert J. Calin-Jageman, Anthony J. Krafnick, Eva Štrukelj, Peder Mortvedt Isager, Jan Urban, Jaime R. Silva, Marcel Martončik, Sanja Batić Očovaj, Dušana Šakan, Anna O. Kuzminska, Jasna Milosevic Djordjevic, Inês A.T. Almeida, A.S. (Ana) Ferreira, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Harry Manley, Danilo Zambrano Ricaurte, Renan P. Monteiro, Zahra Etabari, Erica Musser, Daniel Dunleavy, Weilun Chou, Hendrik Godbersen, Susana Ruiz-Fernández, Crystal Reeck, Carlota Batres, Komila Kirgizova, Abdumalik Muminov, Flavio Azevedo, Daniela Serrato Alvarez, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Jeong Min Lee, Zhang Chen, Frederick Verbruggen, Ignazio Ziano, Murat Tümer, Abdelilah C.A. Charyate, Dmitrii Dubrov, María del Carmen M.C. Tejada Rivera, Christopher Aberson, Bence Pálfi, Mónica Alarcón Maldonado, Barbora Hubena, Asli Sacakli, Chris D. Ceary, Karley L. Richard, Gage Singer, Jennifer T. Perillo, Tonia Ballantyne, Wilson Cyrus-Lai, Maksim Fedotov, Hongfei Du, Magdalena Wielgus, Ilse L. Pit, Matej Hruška, Daniela Sousa, Balazs Aczel, Barnabas Szaszi, Sylwia Adamus, Krystian Barzykowski, Leticia Micheli, Nadya Daniela Schmidt, Andras N. Zsido, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Michal Bialek, Marta Kowal, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Michal Misiak, Débora Mola, María Victoria Ortiz, Pablo Sebastián Correa, Anabel Belaus, Fany Muchembled, Rafael R. Ribeiro, Patricia Arriaga, Raquel Oliveira, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Paulina Szwed, Małgorzata Kossowska, Gabriela Czarnek, Julita Kielińska, Benedict Antazo, Ruben Betlehem, Stefan Stieger, Gustav Nilsonne, Nicolle Simonovic, Jennifer Taber, Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Artur Domurat, Keiko Ihaya, Yuki Yamada, Anum Urooj, Tripat Gill, Martin Čadek, Lisa Bylinina, Johanna Messerschmidt, Murathan Kurfalı, Adeyemi Adetula, Ekaterina Baklanova, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Heather B. Kappes, Biljana Gjoneska, Thea House, Marc V. Jones, Jana B. Berkessel, William J. Chopik, Sami Çoksan, Martin Seehuus, Ahmed Khaoudi, Ahmed Bokkour, Kanza Ait El Arabi, Ikhlas Djamai, Aishwarya Iyer, Neha Parashar, Arca Adiguzel, Halil Emre Kocalar, Carsten Bundt, James O. Norton, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Anabel De la Rosa-Gomez, Vladislav Ankushev, Natalia Bogatyreva, Dmitry Grigoryev, Aleksandr Ivanov, Irina Prusova, Marina Romanova, Irena Sarieva, Maria Terskova, Evgeniya Hristova, Veselina Hristova Kadreva, Allison Janak, Vidar Schei, Therese E. Sverdrup, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Lina Maria Sanabria Pineda, Dajana Krupić, Carmel A. Levitan, Niklas Johannes, Nihal Ouherrou, Nicolas Say, Sladjana Sinkolova, Kristina Janjić, Marija Stojanovska, Dragana Stojanovska, Meetu Khosla, Andrew G. Thomas, Franki Y.H. Kung, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Farnaz Mosannenzadeh, Busra Bahar Balci, Ulf Dietrich Reips, Ernest Baskin, Byurakn Ishkhanyan, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Barnaby James Wyld Dixson, David Moreau, Clare A.M. Sutherland, Hu Chuan-Peng, Chris Noone, Heather Flowe, Michele Anne, Steve M.J. Janssen, Marta Topor, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Karen Yu, Shimrit Daches, Andree Hartanto, Milica Vdovic, Lisa Anton-Boicuk, Paul A.G. Forbes, Julia Kamburidis, Evelina Marinova, Mina Nedelcheva-Datsova, Nikolay R. Rachev, Alina Stoyanova, Kathleen Schmidt, Jordan W. Suchow, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Teodor Jernsäther, Jonas K. Olofsson, Olga Bialobrzeska, Magdalena Marszalek, Srinivasan Tatachari, Reza Afhami, Wilbert Law, Jan Antfolk, Barbara Žuro, Natalia Van Doren, Jose A. Soto, Rachel Searston, Jacob Miranda, Kaja Damnjanović, Siu Kit Yeung, Dino Krupić, Karlijn Hoyer, Bastian Jaeger, Dongning Ren, Gerit Pfuhl, Kristoffer Klevjer, Nadia S. Corral-Frías, Martha Frias-Armenta, Marc Y. Lucas, Adriana Olaya Torres, Mónica Toro, Lady Grey Javela Delgado, Diego Vega, Sara Álvarez Solas, Roosevelt Vilar, Sébastien Massoni, Thomas Frizzo, Alexandre Bran, David C. Vaidis, Luc Vieira, Bastien Paris, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho, Anna Greenburgh, Cassie M. Whitt, Alexa M. Tullett, Xinkai Du, Leonhard Volz, Minke Jasmijn Bosma, Cemre Karaarslan, Eylül Sarıoğuz, Tara Bulut Allred, Max Korbmacher, Melissa F. Colloff, Tiago J.S. Lima, Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro, Jeroen P.H. Verharen, Maria Karekla, Christiana Karashiali, Naoyuki Sunami, Lisa M. Jaremka, Daniel Storage, Sumaiya Habib, Anna Studzinska, Paul H.P. Hanel, Dawn Liu Holford, Miroslav Sirota, Kelly Wolfe, Faith Chiu, Andriana Theodoropoulou, El Rim Ahn, Yijun Lin, Erin C. Westgate, Hilmar Brohmer, Gabriela Hofer, Olivier Dujols, Kevin Vezirian, Gilad Feldman, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Afroja Ahmed, Manyu Li, Jasmijn Bosch, Nathan Torunsky, Hui Bai, Mathi Manavalan, Xin Song, Radoslaw B. Walczak, Przemysław Zdybek, Maja Friedemann, Anna Dalla Rosa, Luca Kozma, Sara G. Alves, Samuel Lins, Isabel R. Pinto, Rita C. Correia, Peter Babinčák, Gabriel Banik, Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia, Marco A.C. Varella, Jim Uttley, Julie E. Beshears, Katrine Krabbe Thommesen, Behzad Behzadnia, Shawn N. Geniole, Miguel A. Silan, Princess Lovella G. Maturan, Johannes K. Vilsmeier, Ulrich S. Tran, Sara Morales Izquierdo, Michael C. Mensink, Piotr Sorokowski, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Theda Radtke, Vera Cubela Adoric, Joelle Carpentier, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Jennifer A. Joy-Gaba, Mattie V. Hedgebeth, Tatsunori Ishii, Aaron L. Wichman, Jan Philipp Röer, Thomas Ostermann, William E. Davis, Lilian Suter, Konstantinos Papachristopoulos, Chelsea Zabel, Charles R. Ebersole, Christopher R. Chartier, Peter R. Mallik, Heather L. Urry, Erin M. Buchanan, Nicholas A. Coles, Maximilian A. Primbs, Dana M. Basnight-Brown, Hans IJzerman, Patrick S. Forscher, and Hannah Moshontz

Abstract

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions h

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. A global test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Ke Wang, Amit Goldenberg, Charles Dorison, Jeremy K. Miller, Andero Uusberg, Jennifer Susan Lerner, James Gross, Gabriela Mariana Marcu, Elena Agadullina, Matus Adamkovic, Marta Roczniewska, Angelos Kassianos, Pinar Dursun, Azuka Ikechukwu ARINZE, Nwadiogo Chisom Arinze, Chisom Ogbonnaya, Izuchukwu Lawrence Gabriel Ndukaihe, Ilker Dalgar, Handan Akkas, Paulo Manuel Labalan Macapagal, Savannah C Lewis, Irem Metin-Orta, Megan Willis, Anabela Caetano Santos, Aviv Mokady, Niv Reggev, Martin R. Vasilev, Nora L. Nock, Michal Parzuchowski, Mauricio F Espinoza Barría, Marek Albert Vranka, Ivan Ropovik, Xiaohui Yao, Maja Becker, Efisio Manunta, Gwenaël Kaminski, Andrej Findor, David M. G. Lewis, JOHN JAMIR BENZON R. ARUTA, Janis Zickfeld, Julio Cruz Vásquez, Ekaterina Pronizius, Claus Lamm, Ranran Li, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Giovanna Mioni, Nicola Cellini, Sau-Chin Chen, Karis Moon, Habiba Azab, Anna Louise Todsen, K. van Schie, Jozef Bavolar, Lara Warmelink, Robert M Ross, Ian David Stephen, Tom Hostler, Randy J. McCarthy, Caterina Grano, Claudio Singh Solorzano, Ondřej Kácha, Alexios Arvanitis, Qinyu Xiao, Rodrigo Cárcamo, Saša Zorjan, Zuzanna Jagoda Tajchman, Iris Vilares, Jeffrey Michael Pavlacic, Jonas R. Kunst, Christian K. Tamnes, Mohammad Atari, MohammadHasan Sharifian, Monika Hricova, Pavol Kačmár, Rima-Maria Rahal, Ilya Zakharov, Monica A Koehn, Celia Esteban Serna, Nandor Hajdu, Robert Calin-Jageman, Anthony James Krafnick, Sanja Batić Očovaj, Meetu Khosla, Jan Urban, Jordane Boudesseul, Jaime Silva, Marcel Martončik, Dušana Šakan, Anna O. Kuzminska, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Inês A. T. Almeida, Ljiljana B. Lazarevic, Harry Manley, Danilo Zambrano, Renan P. Monteiro, Erica D. Musser, Daniel J. Dunleavy, Hendrik Godbersen, Susana Ruiz-Fernandez, Crystal Reeck, Carlota Batres, Flavio Azevedo, Daniela Serrato Alvarez, Zhang Chen, Frederick Verbruggen, Ignazio Ziano, Murat Tümer, Dmitrii Dubrov, Alper KARABABA, Maria del Carmen, Chris Aberson, Arlen C. Moller, Barbora Hubená, Chris Ceary, Gage Anthony Singer, Jennifer Torkildson Perillo, Tonia Ballantyne, Hongfei Du, Ilse L. Pit, Matej Hruška, Daniela Sousa, Balazs Aczel, Barnabas Szaszi, Krystian Barzykowski, Leticia Micheli, Andras N. Zsido, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Michal Bialek, Marta Kowal, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Michał Misiak, Patricia Arriaga, Raquel Alves Oliveira, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Paulina Szwed, Małgorzata Kossowska, Julita Kielińska, Benedict Guzman Antazo, Stefan Stieger, Gustav Nilsonne, Nicolle Simonovic, Jennifer M Taber, Amélie Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Artur Domurat, Keiko Ihaya, Yuki Yamada, Anum Urooj, Tripat Gill, Lisa Bylinina, Ekaterina Baklanova, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Heather Barry Kappes, Biljana Gjoneska, Thea House, Jana Berkessel, Rafał Muda, William J. Chopik, Sami Çoksan, Martin Seehuus, Ahmed Khaoudi, Soufian Azouaghe, Kanza AIT EL ARABI, Ikhlas Djamai, John Paul Wilson, Arca Adıgüzel, Halil Emre Kocalar, James Norton, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Kortnee Evans, Hu Chuan-Peng, ANABEL DE LA ROSA GOMEZ, Vladislav Ankushev, Natalia Bogatyreva, Dmitry Grigoryev, Aleksandr Ivanov, Irina Prusova, Marina Romanova, Irena Sarieva, Maria Terskova, Evgeniya Hristova, Allison Janak, Vidar Schei, Therese E Sverdrup, Adrian Dahl Askelund, W. Matthew Collins, Leanne Boucher, Nihal Ouherrou, Jana Schrötter, Ahmed Bokkour, Nicolas Say, Sladjana Sinkolova, Kristina Janjić, Dragana Stojanovska, Gijsbert Bijlstra, Farnaz Mosannenzadeh, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Ernest Baskin, Byurakn Ishkhanyan, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Barnaby Dixson, David Moreau, Clare Sutherland, Chris Noone, Michele Anne, Steve M. J. Janssen, Cynthia H.Y. Fu, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Shimrit Daches, Andree Hartanto, Milica Vdovic, Paul Forbes, Julia Kamburidis, Nikolay R. Rachev, Alina Stoyanova, Evelina Marinova, Kathleen Schmidt, Jordan W Suchow, Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Teodor Jernsäther, Jonas Olofsson, Olga Bialobrzeska, Magdalena Marszalek, Srinivasan Tatachari, Reza Afhami, Wilbert Law, Barbara Zuro, Natalia Van Doren, Jose Soto, Rachel A Searston, Jacob Francisco Miranda, Siu Kit Yeung, Dino Krupić, Bastian Jaeger, Dongning Ren, Gerit Pfuhl, Kristoffer Klevjer, Zahir Vally, Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto, Nadia Saraí Corral-Frías, Martha Frías-Armenta, Marc Yancy Lucas, Adriana Olaya Torres, Mónica Toro, Diego Vega, Sara Álvarez Solas, Roosevelt Vilar, Sébastien Massoni, Cecilia Reyna, Sara Johanna Pöntinen, Gabriel Agboola Adetula, Francesco Foroni, Merve A. Kurfali, Markéta Braun Kohlová, Mikayel Harutyunyan, Anais Thibault Landry, Manuel S Ortiz, Martin Voracek, Maurice Grinberg, Jáchym Vintr, Lada Kaliska, Razieh Pourafshari, Sandra Jeanette Geiger, Julia Beitner, Anna Szala, Gulnaz Anjum, Claudia Christina von Bastian, Noga Cohen, Komila Kirgizova, Abdumalik Muminov, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Jeong Min Lee, Abdelilah CHARYATE, Asli Sacakli, Karley Richard, Wilson Cyrus-Lai, Maksim Fedotov, Magdalena Wielgus, Sylwia Adamus, Débora Mola, Pablo Correa, Anabel Belaus, Fany Muchembled, Rafael Ramos Ribeiro, Nida Abbas, Martin Čadek, Johanna Messerschmidt, Adeyemi Adetula, Veselina Kadreva, Alexandre Bran, David C. Vaidis, Luc Vieira, Gabriel Lins Holanda Coelho, Cassie Marie Whitt, Alexa Mary Tullett, Xinkai Du, Leonhard Volz, Eylül Sarioguz, Max Korbmacher, Tiago Lima, Matheus Fernando Felix Ribeiro, Jeroen Verharen, Maria Karekla, Lisa M Jaremka, Daniel Storage, Anna Studzinska, Paul H. P. Hanel, Dawn Liu Holford, Miroslav Sirota, Kelly Wolfe, Faith Chiu, Andriana Theodoropoulou, El Rim Ahn, Yijun Lin, Erin Corwin Westgate, Gabriela Hofer, Kevin Vezirian, Giovanni A. Travaglino, Dafne Marko, Manyu Li, Nathan Torunsky, Mathi Manavalan, Xin Song, Radoslaw B. Walczak, Przemysław Zdybek, Anna Dalla Rosa, Luca Kozma, Sara Gouveia Alves, Rita Correia, Isabel Rocha Pinto, Peter Babincak, Gabriel Baník, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Jim Uttley, Julie Beshears, Katrine Krabbe Thommesen, Behzad Behzadnia, Maria Bradford, Shawn Geniole, Miguel Alejandro A. Silan, Johannes K Vilsmeier, Ulrich S. Tran, Sara Morales-Izquierdo, Michael Craig Mensink, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Piotr Sorokowski, Theda Radtke, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Tatsunori Ishii, Aaron Lee Wichman, Jan Philipp Röer, Thomas Ostermann, William E. Davis, Lilian Suter, Ana Ferreira, Bamikole Bamikole Agesin, Kafeel Rana, Luis Eudave, Olatz Campos, Karolina Grzech, Daphna Hausman Ozery, Emily A. Jackson, William Jimenez-Leal, Valerija Krizanic, Elkin Oswaldo Luis Garcia, Shira Meir Drexler, Anita Penić Jurković, Eva Štrukelj, Maria Antoniadi, Kermeka Desai, Zoi Gialitaki, Elizaveta Kushnir, Khaoula Nadif, Olalla Niño Bravo, Rafia Nauman, Marlies Oosterlinck, Myrto Pantazi, Natalia Pilecka, Anna Szabelska, I M M van Steenkiste, Katarzyna Filip, Andreea Ioana Bozdoc, Minja Westerlund, Lina Ahlgren, Chunhui Wang, Neil L Levy, Jennifer L Beaudry, Lara Samojlenko, Peder Mortvedt Isager, Weilun Chou, Bence Palfi, Nadya-Daniela Schmidt, Maria Victoria Ortiz, Gabriela Czarnek, Marc Jones, Jana B. Berkessel, Aishwarya Iyer, Neha Parashar, Carsten Bundt, Lina Maria Sanabria Pineda, Andrew G. Thomas, Franki Y. H. Kung, Busra Bahar Balci, Heather D Flowe, Marta Topor, Karen Yu, Lisa Anton-Boicuk, Murathan Kurfalı, Jan Antfolk, Kaja Damnjanović, Karlijn Hoyer, Oscar J. Galindo-Caballero, Laura Calderón Pérez, Grey Javela Delgado, Thomas Frizzo, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Anna Greenburgh, Minke Bosma, CEMRE KARAARSLAN, Tara Bulut Allred, Melissa Fay Colloff, Christiana Karashiali, Naoyuki Sunami, Sumaiya Habib, Widad Hassan, Hilmar Brohmer, Olivier Dujols, Gilad Feldman, Afroja Ahmed, Jasmijn Bosch, Hui Bai, Maja Friedemann, Luis Miguel Rojas-Berscia, Princess Lovella Gonzales Maturan, Lukasz Walasek, Vera Cubela Adoric, Joelle Carpentier, Jennifer Alana Joy-Gaba, Chelsea Zabel, Charles R. Ebersole, Christopher R. Chartier, Peter Robert Mallik, Heather L. Urry, Erin Michelle Buchanan, Nicholas Alvaro Coles, Maximilian Primbs, Dana Basnight-Brown, Hans IJzerman, Patrick S. Forscher, and Hannah Moshontz

Subjects
PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Emotion
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy which modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries/regions (N = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vs. both control conditions) had consistent effects in reducing negative emotions and increasing positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world to build resilience during the pandemic and beyond.

Published
2020

34. The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

Author

Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon, Eva Pila, Viren Swami, Salma Samir Omar, Bovornpot Choompunuch, Julio Eduardo Cruz, Sonny Andrianto, Mohammad Atari, Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira, Alexandra Brewis, Simon E. Dalley, Joanna Dare, Sanjay Kumar, Ulrich S. Tran, Mika Omori, Mona Vintila, Yuko Yamamiya, Caterina Grano, Alessandra Pokrajac-Bulian, Togas Constantinos, Irena Pavela Banai, Benjamin Banai, Colin Gorman, Jacob Owusu Sarfo, Marija Jović, Alexias George, Ana Carolina Soares Amaral, Gill A. ten Hoor, Todd Jackson, Tracy L. Tylka, Ivanka Prichard, Mandar Manjary, Gulnaz Anjum, Anja Draksler, Magdalena Król-Zielińska, Cindi SturtzSreetharan, Mudassar Aziz, Reza N. Sahlan, Zahir Vally, Angela Nogueira Neves, Ivanka Živčić-Bećirević, Loes T. E. Kessels, Joanna Borowiec, Karlijn Massar, Vita Postuvan, Heather Horsburgh, Caterina Lombardo, Maria Serena Panasiti, Jose Vidal-Mollón, Devi Damayanti, Danilo Zambrano, Marcelo Callegari Zanetti, Reza Afhami, Adam Kantanista, Garry Kuan, Luis Diego Vega, Sevag K. Kertechian, Amber Wutich, Michelle Escasa-Dorne, Annie Aimé, Stefan Stieger, Marios Argyrides, David A. Frederick, Otilia Tudorel, Jonathan E. Handelzalts, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Norbert Meskó, Hikari Namatame, Siu Kuen Ng, Stacey Donofrio, Ernesto Luis López Almada, Kulvadee Thongpibul, Magdalena Razmus, Amanda Nerini, Ingela Lundin Kvalem, Antonio Alias García, Cosmin Goian, Yee Cheng Kueh, Félix Neto, Hong Chen, Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto, Aine Crumlish, Joana Neto, Nursel Alp Dal, Shulamit Geller, Louai Ghazieh, Devi R. Nithiya, Lady Grey Javela Delgado, Carlos A. Almenara, Marko Jovic, Camilla Matera, Elaine Frances Fernandez, Carmen Carmona, Yeliz Çakir Koçak, Martin Voracek, Arun Tipandjan, David Barron, Deborah Williams, Yoko Sawamiya, Catherine M. Sabiston, Christophe Maïano, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Juliana F.Figueiras Mereiles, Eugene Tee, Social Psychology, Anglia Ruskin Univ, Perdana Univ, Univ Vienna, Tarbiat Modares Univ, Univ Quebec Outaouais, Masaryk Univ, Munzur Univ, Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Southeast Minas Gerai, Islamic Univ Indonesia, Inst Business Adm, Neapolis Univ Paphos, Univ Southern Calif, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Inst Sci & Technol, Univ Zadar, Poznan Univ Phys Educ, Arizona State Univ, Ege Univ, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Univ Valencia, Thammasat Univ, Southwest Univ, Univ Kent, Khon Kaen Univ, Pante Univ Athens, Ulster Univ, Univ Los Andes, Univ Groningen, Ahmad Dahlan Univ, Chapman Univ, Univ Primorska, Univ Colorado Colorado Springs, HELP Univ, Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Univ Almeria, Acad Coll Tel Aviv Yaffo, St Joseph Univ, West Univ Timisoara, Sapienza Univ Rome, Univ Southampton, Univ Macau, Univ Rosario, Univ Belgrade, Maastricht Univ, Univ Sains Malaysia, DAV Coll, Univ Oslo, Univ Catolica, Univ Florence, Univ Pecs, Univ Tsukuba, Univ Porto, Univ Catolica Brasilia, Phys Educ Coll Brazilian Army, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Mahatma Gandhi Med Coll & Res Inst, Alexandria Univ, Ochanomizu Univ, Santa Lucia Fdn, Univ Western Ontario, Univ Rijeka, Flinders Univ S Australia, Marie Curie Sklodowska Univ, Univ Toronto, Iran Univ Med Sci, All Nations Univ Coll, Karl Landsteiner Univ Hlth Sci, Univ Konstanz, Chiang Mai Univ, Indira Gandhi Govt Gen Hosp & Postgrad Inst, Ohio State Univ, United Arab Emirates Univ, Fdn Univ Konrad Lonrez, Univ Latina Costa Rica, Temple Univ Japan, Univ Sao Judas Tadeu, Univ West Scotland, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Ege Üniversitesi, Office of Student Affairs, Section Applied Social Psychology, and RS: FPN WSP II

Subjects
050103 clinical psychology, 050109 social psychology, Personal Satisfaction, Global Health, Breast size, Breast ideals, Breast awareness, Personality, Psychological well-being, Cross-cultural psychology, 5. Gender equality, MENS PREFERENCES, Body Dissatisfaction, Dones Salut i higiene, Breast, Big Five personality traits, skin and connective tissue diseases, breast awareness, breast ideals, breast size, cross-cultural psychology, personality, psychological well-being, General Psychology, Applied Psychology, media_common, 05 social sciences, Organ Size, Neuroticism, ROMANTIC PARTNERS, Female, PERSONALITY-TRAITS, Psychology, WEIGHT DISCREPANCY, SELF-EXAMINATION, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, COSMETIC SURGERY, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, FEMALE BREAST, POSITIVE BODY-IMAGE, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Socioeconomic status, OPPRESSIVE BELIEFS, SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE, Public health, Conscientiousness, BEAUTY IDEALS, Self-Examination, Demography
Abstract

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). in the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their current breast size. There were significant cross-national differences in mean ideal breast size and absolute breast size dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small (eta(2) = .02-.03). the results of multilevel modelling showed that greater Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, lower Western media exposure, greater local media exposure, lower financial security, and younger age were associated with greater breast size dissatisfaction across nations. in addition, greater absolute breast size dissatisfaction was associated with greater weight and appearance dissatisfaction, poorer breast awareness, and poorer psychological well-being across nations. These results indicate that breast size dissatisfaction is a global public health concern linked to women's psychological and physical well-being. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved., Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA)Orszagos Tudomanyos Kutatasi Alapprogramok (OTKA) [K125437], Data collection in Hungary was supported by a Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) awarded to the sixty-third author (K125437).

Published
2020

35. Conceptual metaphors, processing fluency, and aesthetic preference

Author

Lynn Zhang, Eryn J. Newman, Mohammad Atari, Reza Afhami, and Norbert Schwarz

Subjects
Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, Metaphor, media_common.quotation_subject, Contrast (statistics), Linguistics, Pleasure, Aesthetic preference, Presentation, Everyday language, Valence (psychology), Psychology, Social psychology, Processing fluency, media_common
Abstract

In everyday language, abstract concepts are described in terms of concrete physical experiences (e.g., good things are “up”; the past is “behind” us). Stimuli congruent with such conceptual metaphors are processed faster than stimuli that are not. Since ease of processing enhances aesthetic pleasure, stimuli should be perceived as more pleasing when their presentation matches (rather than mismatches) the metaphorical mapping. In six experiments, speakers of English (Experiment 1-3a) and Farsi (Experiment 3b and 4) viewed valence- and time-related photos in arrangements congruent and incongruent with their metaphorical mapping. Consistent with the valence-verticality metaphor in both languages, English and Farsi speakers preferred visual arrangements that placed the happy photo above the sad photo. In contrast, participants' preferences for time-related photos were moderated by the direction of writing. English speakers, who write from left to right, preferred arrangements that placed past-themed photos to the left of modern-themed photos; this was not observed for Farsi speakers, who write from right to left as well as left to right. In sum, identical stimuli enjoy an aesthetic advantage when their spatial arrangement matches the spatial ordering implied by applicable conceptual metaphors.

Published
2022

36. The Big Five, Aesthetic Judgment Styles, and Art Interest

Author

Shahin Mohammadi-Zarghan and Reza Afhami

Subjects
General interest, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:BF1-990, 05 social sciences, Individual difference, 050109 social psychology, Research Reports, openness to experience, 050105 experimental psychology, Big Five, Style (visual arts), lcsh:Psychology, personality, Openness to experience, Personality, aesthetic judgment style, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Big Five personality traits, Psychology, Social psychology, General Psychology, art interest, media_common
Abstract

The current study aimed to examine the associations between the Big Five personality dimensions, aesthetic judgment styles, and art interest. Participants (N = 253) were university students in Tehran, Iran. All participants completed measures of personality, aesthetic Judgment styles, and general interest in art. Results suggested that Openness to Experience was related to advanced styles of art judgment and interest in art-related activities. Regression analyses showed that sex (β = .18, t = 3.18, p = .002), Emotional Stability (β = .14, t = 2.47, p = .01), Openness to Experience (β = .18, t = 3.14, p = .002), symbolic aesthetic judgment style (β = .31, t = 4.63, p < .001), and concrete aesthetic judgment style (β = -.19, t = -3.25, p = .001) significantly predicted art interest. The role of personality and individual difference constructs in aesthetic judgment and art interest is discussed and future directions are outlined.

Published
2018

38. Self-Rating of religiosity (SRR) in Iran: validity, reliability, and associations with the Big Five

Author

Reza Afhami, Mohammad Atari, and Shahin Mohammadi-Zarghan

Subjects
Agreeableness, media_common.quotation_subject, education, 05 social sciences, 050109 social psychology, Conscientiousness, humanities, 050105 experimental psychology, Religiosity, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Convergent validity, Openness to experience, Personality, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Big Five personality traits, Personality Assessment Inventory, Psychology, Clinical psychology, media_common
Abstract

The present research aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Self-Rating of Religiosity (SRR) in Iran. In addition, the associations between the Persian version of this single-item measure of religiosity and the Big Five personality dimensions were investigated. Study 1 (n = 51) suggested that the Persian translation of the SRR had adequate test-retest reliability over a three-week period. Study 2 (n = 228) provided evidence for good convergent validity of the SRR, indexed by strong positive associations with scores on the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL). The Big Five dimensions of personality were measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Moreover, the scores on the SRR were positively associated with Agreeableness (r = .23, p

Published
2017

39. Psychometric assessments of Persian translations of three measures of conspiracist beliefs

Author

Reza Afhami, Viren Swami, and Mohammad Atari

Subjects
Adult, Male, Psychometrics, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Science, 050109 social psychology, Iran, 050105 experimental psychology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Biology and political orientation, Religiosity, Cognition, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Personality, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Translations, media_common, Persian, Aged, Multidisciplinary, 05 social sciences, Construct validity, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Personality disorders, language.human_language, Scale (social sciences), language, Medicine, Female, Psychology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Social psychology
Abstract

Several self-report measures of conspiracist beliefs have been developed in Western populations, but examination of their psychometric properties outside Europe and North America is limited. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of three widely-used measures of conspiracist beliefs in Iran. We translated the Belief in Conspiracy Theory Inventory (BCTI), Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire (CMQ), and Generic Conspiracist Belief Scale (GCBS) into Persian. Factorial validity was examined using principal-axis factor analysis in a community sample from Tehran, Iran (N = 544). Further, the relationships between scores on these measures and hypothesized antecedents (i.e., education, schizotypal personality, information processing style, superstitious beliefs, religiosity, and political orientation) were examined. Overall, we failed to find support for the parent factor structures of two of the three scales (BCTI and GCBS) and evidence of construct validity for all three scales was limited. These results highlight the necessity of further psychometric work on existing measures of conspiracy theories in diverse culturo-linguistic groups and the development of context-specific measures of conspiracist beliefs.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Doodling Effects on Junior High School Students’ Learning

Author

Mariam Tadayon and Reza Afhami

Subjects
Visual Arts and Performing Arts, education, 05 social sciences, Applied psychology, 050301 education, Female adolescent, Academic achievement, 050105 experimental psychology, Session (web analytics), Education, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mathematics education, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Statistical analysis, Student learning, Psychology, 0503 education, Female students
Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to assess the effects of doodling on the learning performance of high school female students in Tehran. The design of this research was a pre-test–post-test with a control group. A group of 169 junior high school 12–13 year-old students was chosen for this study. After being taught a section of the Natural Science course, the students were asked to answer questions related to the lessons. After that, their grades were used as the pre-test scores. The post-test was carried out after the devised treatment. During ten sessions of the same course and teacher, the students were each given a blank sheet of paper and were asked for doodling if they felt like doing it. After each session, a couple of relevant written questions were asked to evaluate how well students had learned the lessons. The experiment and control group both consisted of 27 randomly selected students; participants in the experiment group were doodlers and those in the control group did not doodle. To evaluate the doodling effect a t-test analysis was performed. Comparison of the grades showed that the experiment group outperformed the control group significantly.

Published
2016

41. Using Ecotech Architecture as an Effective Tool for Sustainability in Construction Industry

Author

A. S. Mozhdegani and Reza Afhami

Subjects
Architectural engineering, Engineering, architecture, Persian Gulf, Building design, Civil engineering, architectural form, environment, Cheetgar, energy consumption, lcsh:Technology (General), ecotech, Architecture, Masdar City, lcsh:T58.5-58.64, business.industry, lcsh:Information technology, Energy consumption, Construction industry, lcsh:TA1-2040, Sustainability, Key (cryptography), lcsh:T1-995, business, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Abstract

Ecotech architecture can be used as an effective strategy to minimize energy consumption and enhance the satisfaction of construction industry beneficiaries in the Middle East. The use of ecotech principles has been employed in different parts of the world. However, following a universal approach is not possible as local conditions are always to be considered Applications and examples of ecotech architecture are investigated in this paper. A proposed building design for the Cheetgar region in Tehran is also briefly demonstrated. A further insight on Masdar city in Abhu Dabi is provided. An overall discussion is made and key conclusions are drawn.

Published
2017

42. INVESTIGATING THE COOLING EFFECT OF LIVING WALLS IN THE SUNKEN COURTYARDS OF TRADITIONAL HOUSES IN YAZD

Author

Fatemeh Vaezizadeh, Reza Afhami, and Siavash Rashidisharifabad

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Soil mass, 020209 energy, Geography, Planning and Development, Environmental engineering, Microclimate, 02 engineering and technology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Development, Cooling effect, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental science, Operations management, Cooling energy
Abstract

Studies on traditional Iranian houses have revealed that people used to construct buildings in a soil mass in order to reduce heat lossand decrease the cost of heating and cooling. Hence the residents could both use the excavated soil and proper thermal conditions by creating a microclimate. Over the past few years, green cover of buildings have been developed as useful and beneficial elements in designing ceilings and facades. This paper considers the cooling effect of three systems of living walls with the help of Design Builder simulation software in hot-dry climate (sunken courtyard of old houses in Yazd). The findings show that the thermal difference of inner surface between non-covered and plant-covered walls is significant in type 2. In type 3, thermal difference at night reaches 12 centigrade in some hours. Thermal difference in the three systems, changes from 2 ° C to at most 21° C. Furthermore, the decrease of thermal changes is significant when living wall details are used (type 2 and 3). Given the results, the use of green architectural coating with different systems has a significant impact on the increase of the quality of interior air and consequently the decrease of cooling energy consumption. Keywords: sunken courtyard; living wall; hot-dry region; cooling energy efficiency

Published
2016

43. A Study of Practical Geometry in Sassanid Stucco Ornament in Ancient Persia

Author

Reza Afhami, Mahsa Kharazmi, and Mahmood Tavoosi

Subjects
Frieze, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, General Mathematics, media_common.quotation_subject, Rotational symmetry, Geometry, Art, Reflection symmetry, Frieze group, Architecture, Stucco, Wallpaper group, History general, media_common
Abstract

This paper attempts to survey the use of practical geometry in Sassanid stucco ornament in Ancient Persia to understand the construction of geometrical structures and the progressive process of practical geometry. By use of geometrical analysis, we trace changes of ornament and extract the underlying geometrical structure; we also use symmetry groups, the seven frieze groups and the seventeen wallpaper groups, in order to arrive at a deeper understanding of practical geometry in Sassanid stucco ornament. These analyses will evince features of Sassanid stucco ornament such as: motifs as part of the whole; rotational symmetry and repetition of motifs in linear networks; application of complicated geometrical structures with rotational or reflection symmetry; the planning of whole decorative panels. Also, analyzing the Sassanid stucco panels allows us to discover their repetitive units, which are then classified according to frieze and wallpaper groups.

Published
2012

44. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Literature Review and Current Updates

Author

Ata Mahmoodpoor, Atabak Najafi, Mohammad Reza Afhami, Mohammad Taghi Mortazavi, Sarvin Sanaie, Afshin Iranpour, and Vahid Fattahi

Subjects
lcsh:RD78.3-87.3, lcsh:Anesthesiology, Berlin definition, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, lcsh:RC86-88.9, respiratory system, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pathophysiology, respiratory tract diseases
Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a complex disorder of heterogeneous etiologies characterized by a consistent, recognizable pattern of lung injury and a potentially devastating form of acute inflammatory lung injury with a high short-term mortality rate and significant long-term consequences among survivors. Recently, the new definition of ARDS has been published, and this definition suggested severity-oriented respiratory treatment by introducing three levels of severity according to PaO2/FiO2 and positive end-expiratory pressure. Supportive care, principally with mechanical ventilation, remains the cornerstone of therapy from maintaining normal physiological parameters to avoiding ventilator-induced lung injury while providing adequate gas exchange. Basic elements of this strategy consist of avoiding lung overdistension by limiting tidal volumes and airway pressures, use of PEEP with or without lung recruitment maneuvers in patients with severe ARDS. This review focuses on changes in ARDS definition, epidemiology, clinical and basic research, and current and future directions in treatment.

Published
2015

45. Measurement of Affecting Factors on Jewelry Choice in Tehran

Author

Reza Afhami, Aliasghaar Fahimifar, and Samira Nikzad

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Jewelry design, Consumption, Ornament, Jewelry choice, Jewelry design, Audience-oriented design, Tehran, lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:AZ20-999, 0502 economics and business, Production (economics), lcsh:Social sciences (General), Marketing, Consumer behaviour, media_common, Consumption (economics), 021103 operations research, Variables, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Advertising, lcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Purchasing, lcsh:H, Product (business), Production planning, lcsh:H1-99, business, 050203 business & management
Abstract

One of the production features in post-industrial era is diversified production capacity while maintaining the economic structure of production, which leads to variations in structure of design processes. The needs and preferences of customers shape production processes. As a result, measuring consumer behavior becomes important to design a product. This study aims to identify consumer behavior while choosing ornaments, especially jewelry, in Iran by determining the correlation between economic status and other independent variables, including sex, age, and ethnicity, on purchasing behavior. A field research, including a survey with 200 people, was conducted in Iran to find the consumer behavior. The results of questionnaire analysis remark effect of various variables such as different economic status, ethnicity and education level on expected concepts in jewelry and their symbolic use, where these results of model and image analyses are able to help us in production planning and jewelry design.

Published
2017

47. Role of anesthesiology curriculum in improving bag-mask ventilation and intubation success rates of emergency medicine residents: a prospective descriptive study

Author

Samad E J Golzari, Changiz Gholipouri, Hassan Soleimanpour, Maryam Soleimanpour, Mohammad Reza Afhami, Rouzbeh Rajaei Ghafouri, Robab Mehdizadeh Esfanjani, and Jafar Panahi

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:Special situations and conditions, Laryngoscopy, education, law.invention, Education, Young Adult, law, Anesthesiology, medicine, Intubation, Intratracheal, Intubation, Humans, Prospective Studies, Airway Management, Capnography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, lcsh:RC952-1245, Tracheal intubation, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Internship and Residency, lcsh:RC86-88.9, Emergency department, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Respiration, Artificial, Ventilation (architecture), Emergency medicine, Emergency Medicine, Airway management, Medical emergency, Clinical Competence, Curriculum, business, Research Article
Abstract

Background Rapid and safe airway management has always been of paramount importance in successful management of critically ill and injured patients in the emergency department. The purpose of our study was to determine success rates of bag-mask ventilation and tracheal intubation performed by emergency medicine residents before and after completing their anesthesiology curriculum. Methods A prospective descriptive study was conducted at Nikoukari Hospital, a teaching hospital located in Tabriz, Iran. In a skills lab, a total number of 18 emergency medicine residents (post graduate year 1) were given traditional intubation and bag-mask ventilation instructions in a 36 hour course combined with mannequin practice. Later the residents were given the opportunity of receiving training on airway management in an operating room for a period of one month which was considered as an additional training program added to their Anesthesiology Curriculum. Residents were asked to ventilate and intubate 18 patients (Mallampati class I and ASA class I and II) in the operating room; both before and after completing this additional training program. Intubation achieved at first attempt within 20 seconds was considered successful. Successful bag-mask ventilation was defined as increase in ETCo2 to 20 mm Hg and back to baseline with a 3 L/min fresh gas-flow and the adjustable pressure limiting valve at 20 cm H2O. An attending anesthesiologist who was always present in the operating room during the induction of anesthesia confirmed the endotracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy and capnography. Success rates were recorded and compared using McNemar, marginal homogeneity and paired t-Test tests in SPSS 15 software. Results Before the additional training program in the operating room, the participants had intubation and bag-mask ventilation success rates of 27.7% (CI 0.07-0.49) and 16.6% (CI 0-0.34) respectively. After the additional training program in the operating room the success rates increased to 83.3% (CI 0.66-1) and 88.8% (CI 0.73-1), respectively. The differences in success rates were statistically significant (P = 0.002 and P = 0.0004, respectively). Conclusions The success rate of emergency medicine residents in airway management improved significantly after completing anesthesiology rotation. Anesthesiology rotations should be considered as an essential component of emergency medicine training programs. A collateral curriculum of this nature should also focus on the acquisition of skills in airway management.

Published
2010

48. Role for the Second Anesthesiologist in Failed Intubations

Author

Masoud, Parish, Jafar Rahimi, Panahi, Mohammad Reza, Afhami, Ata Mahmood, Pour, and Ata, Mahmoodpoor

Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laryngoscopy, Anesthesiology, business.industry, Anesthesia, Humans, Medicine, Physician's Role, business
Published
2006

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results