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Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 Description of the imago. A complete description of the species is included in the publication by Valladolid et al. (2021). Here we describe small differences from the original description of R. fasciata found in male and female specimens from Kosovo. Male body length: 8.06–10.68 mm ( = 9.44, n = 22); each forewing: 10.11–12.52 ( = 11.32, n = 22); each hind wing: 8.94–10.91 mm ( = 9.87, n =22). Female body length: 8.92–12.99 mm ( = 10.75, n = 7); each forewing: 10.57–12.67 mm ( = 11.98, n = 7); each hind wing: 9.21–11.31 mm ( = 10.42, n = 7). Colour: Specimens preserved in ethanol reddish brown dorsally, yellowish ventrally, spurs reddish, setae golden brown, females generally darker than males; small black or dark brown spots in dorsal area; in lateral view, some specimens with large black spots marking border between dorsal and ventral areas. Forewings (Figs 8a, b) dark with small pale spots, two short transversal dark bands (fasciae) in Kosovo specimens (Fig. 8b), pale in preserved specimens, darker in females, hind wings pale (Fig. 8c). In specimens from Kosovo (Fig. 8b), forewings each with dark thick pterostigma area on leading edge between apices of subcostal (Sc) and first radial (R 1) or second radial (R 2) veins, each hind wing with pale thick pterostigma area between apices of subcostal (Sc) and second radial (R 2) veins, but not reaching second radial veins in some specimens; each forewing hyaline in irregular or triangular zone connecting medial (M) and medio-cubital (m-cu) veins and in distal area (arculus) of second cubital vein (Cu 2); in each hind wing (Fig. 8c) proximal segment of medial veins and connection area (M 1-4) not conspicuous, second cubital (Cu 2) veins not conspicuous proximally, proximal portion of cubital vein (Cu) and distal portions of first cubital vein (Cu 1a1b) thicker. Male genitalia (Fig. 15): Apical segment of each inferior appendage in lateral view (Fig. 15a; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12A) with basal and distal edges diverging, dorsal and ventral edges diverging, posterior edge slightly concave dorsally and slightly convex ventrally, ventral edge slightly concave; apicodorsal vertex slightly angular (~117°), apicoventral angle rounded, projecting as thick lobe tapering to apex. Parameres in ventral view curved posteromesad in apical half (Fig. 15c; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12BV). In lateral view (Fig. 15d; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12BL) each constricted at short distance beyond base, dilated at middle (~38% as thick as length of paramere), with almost parallel posterodorsal and anteroventral margins in central area (S-shape), two files of long and thick spines on midventral margin, pointing outward (some Kosovo specimens with two files of sparse spines); midlateral surface covered by sparse fine spicules or setae, from middle anteroventral to posterodorsal edges and covering most of apex, absent in middle anteroventral and dorsal edges. Aedeagus (phallicata) in lateral view (Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12 CL) with anterodorsal margin concave and posterior corner of this concavity hooked anterad, posterior edge of aedeagus straight, apicoventral tip projected posterodorsad, subapically concave dorsally and convex ventrally.Ventral lobe of aedeagus triangular in ventral view (Fig. 15c; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12BV), lateral edges slightly convex; lateroventral lobes of phallus straight, posterior edges strongly convex, subapicolateral margins slightly convex (Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12CD). Apicodorsal lobe of segment IX slightly dilated subapicolaterally, almost round in dorsal view (Fig. 15b; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12DD), with apicomesal excision in some specimens; preanal appendages round, shorter than apicodorsal lobe. In ventral view (Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 12DV), apical band V-shaped, nearly as wide as long, non-sclerotized inside area with posteromesal excision, posterior edges rounded, anal sclerites triangular. Female genitalia (Fig. 17): In lateral view (Fig. 17L, Valladolid et al. 2021, figs 13La; 13Lb-1, -2, -3), posterodorsal margin of segment VIII valves on each side irregular (in Kosovo specimens concave), with subdorsal projection, convex on ventral edge, posterolateral margin irregular, with 1 or 2 posterior projections, ventral projection more conspicuous, in some specimens slightly indented posteriorly, in Kosovo specimens only one ventral projection, rounded apically. In dorsal view (Fig. 17D; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 13Da), with indentation between segment VIII valves, and rounded apical and subapical corners, delimiting oval space, small projection in apical corner in some specimens. In ventral view (Fig. 17V; Valladolid et al. 2021, fig. 13V) segment VIII valves forming two elongate sclerites, narrowly separate basally, basal 1/4 of mesal edges parallel, distal 3/4 of mesal edges irregular, slightly concave, diverging; intersegmental membrane with pair of dark, ovoid or slightly elongate sclerites, ovoid in Kosovo specimens., Published as part of Valladolid, Maria, Karaouzas, Ioannis, Ibrahimi, Halil, Arauzo, Mercedes, Stamenković, Valentina Slavevska, Dorda, Beatriz A., Hinić, Jelena, Bilalli, Astrit, Musliu, Milaim & Rey, Isabel, 2022, The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Europe: Rhyacophila macedonica Karaouzas Valladolid & Ibrahimi (n. sp.) from Greece, Kosovo, Republic of North Macedonia and Serbia (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae), pp. 101-130 in Zootaxa 5125 (2) on pages 106-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6424458, {"references":["Hagen, H. (1859) Die Phryganiden Pictet's. Entomologische Zeitung, 20 (4 - 6), 131 - 170. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 35933 page / 141 / mode / 1 up (accessed 2 August 2021)","Valladolid, M., Arauzo, M., Chertoprud, M., Chvojka, P., Czachorowski, S., Dorda, B. A, Hinic, J., Ibrahimi, H., Karaouzas, I., Krpac, V., Kucinic, M., Lodovici, O., Salokannel, J., Slavevska Stamenkovic, V., Stojanovic, K., Wallace, I. & Rey, I. (2021) The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Europe: Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 and formerly synonymized species (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae), with new description of Rhyacophila fasciata and Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan 1865 (stat. prom.). Zootaxa, 4975 (1), 1 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4975.1.1"]}

Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 Description of the larva (Figs 4–9, 21). The description of the specimens examined will be complemented with descriptions of previous authors, adding or confirming features. Biometrics of last instar larva and prepupa: Length: 14.25–19.00 mm ( = 16.09, n = 13). Maximum width: 2.98–3.90 mm ( = 3.28, n = 13) (Lepneva 1964, 5 th instar larval length: 23.00– 23.40 mm; Nielsen 1942, 5 th instar larval length: 12.00– 23.40 mm; Ulmer 1909, larval length: 22.00–24.00 mm, larval width: 3.00– 3.50 mm). Maximum width of larva at metathorax. Colour: Live specimen greenish, dorsally with dark areas and light stripes, pale ventrally. Specimens preserved in ethanol reddish brown, dorsum dark, ventrally pale; on abdomen, semicircular pale anterior dorsolateral areas, dorsocentral area of segments with irregular pale spots, connected with anterior dorsolateral areas. Sclerotized areas of head and thorax brown with pale areas and stripes, black in some places (Fig 21a). Head (Figs 4, 21b). Length: 1.49–2.20 mm ( = 1.90, n = 13). Width: 1.14–1.50 mm ( = 1.30, n = 13). Maximum width in posterior third of head, lateral margins almost parallel. Cephalic capsule (Figs 4a, 4b), dorsally and dorsolaterally light brown in anterior third, areas adjacent to frontoclypeal and anterior coronal sutures and anterior dorsolateral areas paler; ventral side variable (Silfvenius 1905), pale (Pitsch 1993), or with dark spots in middle central area (Sedlák 1985, p. 111, table 3, fig 10); anterior edge and submentum reddish brown, posterior edge black (Nielsen 1942); oval brown area with dark spots extending laterally from anterior edge of occipital foramen to anterior third of head (Fig 4b) (Klapálek 1893; Lepneva 1964, p. 223, figs 181, 182B). Frontoclypeal apotome (Fig 4c) pale; 2 oval dark brown muscle attachment spots in central anterior third, between setae #4; dark pigmentation in posterior third heart-shaped, including pits #4 but not setae #6, with 4–6 oval brown muscle attachment spots with dark borders (Klapálek 1893; Silfvenius 1905; Nielsen 1942; Lepneva 1964; Pitsch 1993). Two-thirds of posterior dorsal area of head light brown, marked with darker muscle attachment spots; centrally one pair of dark brown patches, wing-shaped, outside posterior edge of frontal suture; light circular area on juncture of frontal and coronal sutures; three pale spots around setae #15, #16, and #19–21; dorsal head pits with dark border, central posterior occipital foramen black. Mandibles (Fig 5) asymmetrical, as in other rhyacophilids; left one bigger than right one. Inner blade of left mandible irregular, convex, right mandible with small tooth in middle (Nielsen 1942, pl. 2, fig 13; Lepneva 1964, p. 223, fig 184). Labrum and maxillolabium as in other Rhyacophila species (Nielsen 1942, pl. 2, figs 12A, 12B, 14A, 14B; Lepneva 1964, p. 223, figs 183A, 183B, 185). Mentum rectangular, its anterior half slightly sclerotized. Labrum with small transparent area in central anterior edge. Thorax (Figs 6, 21c): Anterior half of pronotum pale or very light coloured. Sinuous posterior margin bordered by dark band, brown in middle of each half, black posteromesally and posterolaterally, light brown submesally; posterior half of pronotum (Fig 6a) with three dark areas separated by light zones, central dark region tapered posteriorly and reaching posterior edge of sclerite, anteriorly truncate, wider that posteriorly, two lines of dark brown spots inside central dark region and reaching posterior edge, several dark brown spots along posterior edge; each pronotal plate with lateral dark area almost triangular, from anterior submesal region to posterolateral edge of sclerite, posterior area with two–three rows of brown spots with dark borders distributed in circular-oval shape and parallel to posterior border. Four–six brown spots around setae #5; curved row of dark dots from setae #5 toward anterior submesal corner, curving around circular spot on anterior half (Fig 6a); pale posterior and median areas connected (Fig 6b); with narrow black band in anterolateral angles, extending posterad laterally to posterolateral margins, inner to margins (Fig 6b; Lepneva 1964); anterior margin light brown, with black spot near anterolateal angle; central area of posterior marginal band of each sclerite dark brown or black (Fig 6b) (Nielsen 1942, pl.3, fig 17A; Lepneva 1964, p. 223, fig 188). Legs (Fig 9): Similar to those other Rhyacophila species. Colour yellowish, proximal regions of coxa, femur and distal region of trochanter of fore- and midlegs black or dark brown. Narrow pale reddish-brown band in proximal dorsolateral area of tibia and distal dorsolateral area of femur of each pair of legs, each inner and outer face of each femur with band of circular spots. Forelegs each ventrally with spicules, extending from distal half of trochanter, all of femur, and distal two-thirds of tibia and tarsus. Setae black or dark brown, some transparent in ventral area. Abdomen (Figs 7, 8, 21d, 21e): Similar to other Rhyacophila species. Colour as for meso- and metathoracic segments, greenish with dark dorsal areas and light stripes in living larvae, in preserved specimens semicircular pale anterior dorsolateral areas, dorsocentral area of segments with irregular pale spots, connected with anterior dorsolateral areas, pale yellow ventrally. Widths of anterior abdominal segments similar, narrower in posterior segments. Lateral abdominal gills in tufts of 25–30 filaments (20–30 filaments, Lepneva 1964). Dorsal sclerite of segment IX (Figs 7, 21d) brown, with continuous black band on anterior edge and two small and widely separated black bands on posterior edge, under setae #2 (Lepneva 1964); band of anterior edge narrower in center, with pair of narrow extensions backward beyond and surrounding pit #1; with some brown spots submesally near posterior margin; in darker larvae, extensions of anterior edge and spots of posterocentral area connected by dark stripes, creating X-shape figure; three pale areas along posterior margin, on either side of two black bands and central area. Anal prolegs typical of group, each with long sword process (Figs 8a, 8b, 21e). Anal claws each with three short teeth on ventral edge (Figs 8a, 8c, 21e), basoventral hook black basally and reddish brown apically (Figs 8a, 8b). Description of the pupa Biometrics of pupa and cocoon. Pupal length (total): 9.70–15.70 mm ( = 12.20, n = 28); male pupa: 10.07– 12.28 mm ( = 11.06, n = 11) (length: 11.20–12.20, Lepneva 1964; Nielsen 1942); female pupa: 9.70–15.70 mm ( = 12.94, n = 17) (length: 12.40–15.50, Lepneva 1964; Nielsen 1942; up to 16.00 mm, Silfvenius 1905). Cocoon length (total): 12.37–18.35 mm ( = 15.11, n = 68) (length: 12.50–18.00 mm, Nielsen 1942); male cocoon length: 12.39–16.27 mm ( = 14.43, n = 10); female cocoon length: 13.43–17.73 mm ( = 15.99, n = 16). Head: Distribution of dorsal setae: four before, two between and two in middle of antennal pads, three on posterior edge of each cephalic tubercle. Mandibles brown, left one with two large teeth and right one with three, with numerous fine teeth on inner blade (Klapálek 1893; Nielsen 1942; Ulmer 1909). Antennae of variable length, reaching from middle of abdominal segment IV to posterior edge of segment VI (to anterior edge of segment IV in females and posterior edge of segment VI in males, Klapálek 1893; to abdominal segment VIII in males and V in females, Lepneva 1964; Nielsen 1942). Thorax: Tubercles of prothorax each with 5 setae, directed backwards, two central setae directed forwards. Hind wing pads variously reaching from anterior edge of abdominal segment III to posterior edge of segment IV (forewing pads reaching anterior edge of abdominal segment IV, Klapálek 1893; forewing pads reaching abdominal segment V in males and IV in females, Lepneva 1964; hind wing pads reaching end of segment IV in females, Silfvenius 1905). Abdomen: Paired anterior hook plates pedunculated, straight basally and dilated posteriorly, palmate, and present on abdominal terga IV to VII (Fig 10) (Lepneva 1964; Ulmer 1909), slightly bigger on segments V and VI, each with 15–20 spines; also, pair of inconspicuous small flat plates without spines on tergum III. Paired posterior hook plates sessile on terga III–V, slightly oblong tranversally (length: width = 1:1.3) (Klapálek 1893: paired anterior hook plates present on abdominal terga III to VIII, paired posterior hook plates on terga III to V; Silfvenius 1905: paired anterior hook plates present on abdominal terga IV to VII, sometimes without plates on segment III, paired posterior hook plates present on terga III to V), each with variable number of spines, more than 25. Description of the imago Male body length: 7.04–10.46 mm ( = 9.23, n = 36) each forewing: 10.16–13.54 ( = 11.67, n = 36), each hind wing: 8.52–11.99 mm ( = 10.25, n =36); females, length: 8.73–12.19 mm ( = 10.46, n = 19), each forewing: 10.05–13.90 mm ( = 12.14, n = 19), each hind wing: 8.24–12.03 mm ( = 10.68, n = 19) [Ulmer 1909: male length (R. fasciata) = 10.00 mm, wingspan = 27.00 mm; male length (R. septentrionis) = 6.50–9.00 mm, wingspan = 22.50– 29.00 mm; Malicky 2004: male forewing length = 10.00–14.00 mm, female forewing length = 11.00–14.00 mm]. Colour: Specimens preserved in ethanol reddish brown dorsally, yellowish ventrally, spurs reddish, setae golden brown, females generally darker than males; small black or dark brown spots in dorsal area; in lateral view, some specimens with large black spots marking border between dorsal and ventral areas. Forewings dark with small pale spots, three transversal dark bands (fascias) in dry specimens (Fig 30a), pale in preserved specimens, darker in females, hind wings pale: each with dark area on leading edge between subcostal (Sc) and second radial (R 2) veins in fore- and hind wings; each forewing hyaline in irregular zone connecting medial (M) and medio-cubital (m-cu) veins and in distal area of second cubital vein (Cu 2) (Holzenthal et al. 2007); in each hind wing proximal segment of medial veins and connection area (M 1-4) not conspicuous, second cubital (Cu 2) and first anal (A 1) veins not conspicuous either totally or partially, proximal portion of cubital vein (Cu) and distal portions of first cubital vein (Cu 1a-1b) thicker. Male genitalia (Figs 2b, 12, 23, 30b): Apical segment of each inferior appendage (Figs 2b, 12A, 23a) with basal and distal edges diverging, dorsal and ventral edges diverging, posterior edge of 2nd segment of each inferior appendage slightly concave dorsally and slightly convex ventrally, ventral edge slightly concave (Figs 12A, 23a). Apicodorsal vertex slightly angular, apicoventral angle rounded, projecting as thick lobe narrowing progressively to apex. Parameres in ventral view curved posteromesad in apical half (Figs 12 BV p, 23c). In lateral view (Fig 12 BL) each constricted at short distance beyond base, dilated at middle, with almost parallel dorsal and ventral margins in central area (S-shape), two files of long and thick spines on midventral margin, pointing outward; midlateral surface covered by sparse thin spicules or setae, from middle posteroventral to posterodorsal edge and covering most of apex, absents in middle anteroventral and dorsal edges. Aedeagus (phallicata) in lateral view (Fig 12 CL) with dorsal margin concave and posterior corner of concavity hooked anterad, posterior edge of aedeagus straight, projected posteroventrad, subapically rounded ventrally (Fig 12 CL); ventral lobe of aedeagus triangular (Fig 12 BV vl), lateral edges slightly rounded; lateroventral lobes of phallus straight, posterior edges strongly convex, apicolateral margins rounded (Fig 12 CD lvl). Apicodorsal lobe of segment IX slightly dilated subapicolaterally, almost round in shape (Figs 12 DD al, 23b), with small apicomesal excision in some specimens; preanal appendages (Fig 12 DD pa) round, shorter than apicodorsal lobe, almost covered by it; in ventral view, apical band V-shaped (Fig 12 DV ab) nearly as wide as long, non-sclerotized inside area with posteromesal excision, posterior edges rounded (Fig 12 DV va), anal sclerites triangular (Fig 12 DV as). Female genitalia (Figs 13, 25): In lateral view (Figs 13 La, 13Lb, 25L), posterodorsal margin of segment VIII valves on each side irregular posteriorly, convex on ventral edge, with dorsolateral projection, in some specimens slightly indented posteriorly, posterolateral margin irregular, with 1–2 posterior projections, ventral projection more conspicuous (Fig 13 Lb 1–3). In dorsal view (Figs 13 Da, 13Db, 25D), with indentation between segment VIII valves, with rounded apical and subapical corners, delimiting oval space, small projection in apical corner in some specimens (Fig 13 Db). In ventral view (Fig 13V, 25V) segment VIII valves forming two elongate sclerites, basal 1/4 of mesal edges parallel, distal 3/4 of mesal edges irregular, slightly concave, diverging; intersegmental membrane with pair of dark, ovoid or slightly elongate sclerites., Published as part of Valladolid, María, Arauzo, Mercedes, Chertoprud, Mikhail V., Chvojka, Pavel, Czachorowski, Stanisław, Dorda, Beatriz A., Hinić, Jelena, Ibrahimi, Halil, Karaouzas, Ioannis, Krpač, Vladimir, Kučinić, Mladen, Lodovici, Omar, Salokannel, Juha, Stamenković, Valentina Slavevska & Stojanović, Katarina, 2021, The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Europe: Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 and formerly synonymized species (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae), with new description of Rhyacophila fasciata and Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan 1865 (stat. prom.)., pp. 1-57 in Zootaxa 4975 (1) on pages 17-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4975.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4804044, {"references":["Hagen, H. (1859) Die Phryganiden Pictet's. Entomologische Zeitung, 20 (4 - 6), 131 - 170.","Lepneva, S. G. (1964) Fauna of the USSR. Trichoptera. 1. Larvae and pupae of Annulipalpia. Zoological Institute of the Academy of Science of the USSR, New Series, 88, 1 - 638 [Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations (1970)].","Nielsen, A. (1942) Uber die entwicklung und biologie der Trichoptera mit besonderer Berucksichtgung der queltrichopteren Himmerlands [About the development and biology of the Trichoptera with special consideration of spring Trichoptera from Himmerlands]. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Suppl. 17, (3 - 4), 337 - 358.","Ulmer, G. (1909) Die Susswasserfauna Deutschlands, Heft 5, 6: Trichoptera. Verlag, Gustav Fischer, Jena, 326 pp.","Silfvenius, A. J. (1905) Beitrage zur Metamorphose der Trichopteren. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 27 (6), 1 - 168.","Pitsch, T. (1993) Zur Larvaltaxonomie, Faunistik und Okologie Mitteleuropaischer Fliessgewasser-Kocherfliegen (Insecta: Trichoptera) [Larval Taxonomy, Faunistics and Ecology of Central European River Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera)]. Landschaftsentwicklung und Umweltforschung, Schriftenreihe des Fachbereichs Landschaftsentwicklung Sonderheft 8, TU Berlin, 322 pp. https: // depositonce. tu-berlin. de / handle / 11303 / 5106","Sedlak, E. (1985) Bestimmungsschlussel fur mitteleuropaische Kocherfliegenlarven (Insecta, Trichoptera). [Identification key for Central European caddis larvae (Insecta, Trichoptera)]. Wasser und Abwasser Vienna, 29, 1 - 146. (Translation from Czech and edition: J. Waringer). https: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / WasserAbwasser _ 1985 _ 0001 - 0146. pdf","Klapalek, F. (1893) Untersuchungen uber die Fauna der Gewasser Bohmens. I. Metamorphose der Trichopteren, II serie. Archiv fur die Naturwissenschaftliche Landesdurchforschung von Bohmen, 8 (6), 1 - 142.","Malicky, H. (2004) Atlas of European Trichoptera. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 359 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 3026 - 0 _ 1","Holzenthal, R. W., Blahnik, R. J., Prather, A. L. & Kjer, K. M. (2007) Order Trichoptera Kirby, 1813 (Insecta), Caddisflies. Zootaxa, 1668 (1), 639 - 698. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1668.1.29","McLachlan, R. (1865) Trichoptera Britannica: A monograph of the British species of caddis-flies. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 3 rd Series, 5, 1 - 183. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1967. tb 01433. x"]}

[EN] The presence and distribution of Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 in Europe were revised, based on bibliographic study, collection specimens, and new material collected in different countries. The status of formerly synonymized species, Rhyacophila ferruginea (Scopoli 1763) and Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan 1865 was also assessed. The type of R. ferruginea is missing, the taxon is still unidentified, and thus we propose Rhyacophila ferruginea as a nomen dubium. Morphological features and genetic evidence revealed that R. septentrionis differs from R. fasciata, so we propose to change its status to status resurrectus. We therefore include new descriptions of the different stages (larva, pupa, male, and female) of R. fasciata and of R. septentrionis, together with a molecular analysis based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) and ecological notes. The species R. coppai Oláh 2020 NEW SYNONYM and R. soreda Coppa & Oláh 2020 NEW SYNONYM are synonyms of R. sociata Navás 1916; the species R. kopasa Oláh & Coppa 2020 NEW SYNONYM and R. rova Oláh & Coppa 2020 NEW SYNONYM are synonyms of R. denticulata McLachlan 1879; the species R. matrensis Oláh & Szcz¿sny 2020 is probably a synonym of R. fasciata, so more study of this species is needed in order to confirm or deny that it is a valid species., [ES] Se ha revisado la presencia y distribución de Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 en Europa, basada en el estudio de la bibliografía, especímenes de colecciones y en nuevo material recolectado en diferentes países. Se evaluó asimismo el estado de las especies anteriormente sinonimizadas Rhyacophila ferruginea (Scopoli 1763) y Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan, 1865. El ejemplar tipo de R. ferruginea se ha perdido y el taxón permanece todavía sin identificar, por lo que proponemos Rhyacophila ferruginea como un nomen dubium. Las características morfológicas y las evidencias genéticas indican que R. septentrionis difiere de R. fasciata, por lo que proponemos un cambio de estatus a status resurrectus. Se incluyen nuevas descripciones de las distintas etapas (larva, pupa, machos y hembras) de R. fasciata y de R. septentrionis, junto con el análisis molecular del gen mitocondrial Citocromo Oxidasa subunidad I (COImt), y notas ecológicas. Las especies R. coppai Oláh 2020 NUEVO SINÓNIMO y R. soreda Coppa & Oláh 2020 NUEVO SINÓNIMO son sinónimos de R. sociata Navás 1916; las especies R. kopasa Oláh & Coppa 2020 NUEVO SINÓNIMO y R. rova Oláh & Coppa 2020 NUEVO SINÓNIMO son sinónimos de R. denticulata McLachlan 1879; la especie R. matrensis Oláh & Szcz¿sny 2020 es probablemente un sinónimo de R. fasciata, por lo que se necesita un estudio más detallado para confirmarla o rechazarla como especie válida., This research is a part of scientific project “DNA barcoding of Croatian faunal biodiversity” (IP-2016-06-9988) funded by the Croatian Science Foundation. The work of P. Chvojka was supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (DKRVO 2019-2023/5.I.b, National Museum, 00023272).

Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen, 1859: 153. Lectotype: 1 male. Entomology 11067, Entomology Collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Type locality: Elberfeld (Germany). Other information: (in label) 57; E.-illegible; Hagen; 107; ML; type 11067; (vial); Lectotype Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen. (MCZBase, 2020). (Figs 2a, 2b, 30a, 30b) Ross (1952) included the species in his publication about the lectotypes of Hagen in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Description. This species has been described by several authors over many years. The first publication where this species is cited is that of Hagen (1859), where he provided a very short description: “A. Lower appendages undivided at the top. 1. The tongue-like extention of the last abdominal segment with an enlarged end. 5. R. fasciata Hag. The app. are very similar to the previous species (R. ferruginea Scop.), but the size of the animal is much more significant, and the upper wings have three dark cross bands. A single male from Elberfeld” (Fig 30a).” McLachlan (1868) described it as follows: “ R. fasciata Hagen, may be distinguished almost with certainty by the dark fasciae on the anterior wings. The form of the dorsal lobe is very distinct from the preceding (R. paupera), being broad and rounded, and nearly concealing the app. sup. The second joint of the app. inf. is obliquely truncate (Pl.XIV. fig. 16). I have three ♂ from Carinthia from Zeller.” In 1879, McLachan described R. fasciata and R. septentrionis. In the description of R. fasciata he included the original specimen from Elberfeld, his specimens from Carinthia, saying that they should be referred to septentrionis, and 7 ♂ and 1 ♀ from the Pyrenees (France), writing “it may be that these should form a distinct species”. These specimens from the Pyrenees were described in 1916 by Navás as Rhyacophila sociata (Valladolid et al. 2018). On the other hand, in the description of R. septentrionis McLachlan included his specimens from Scotland, as well as others from different countries of North and Central Europe. Based on results of our studies of morphology and genetics, we can say that most of the specimens cited belong to R. fasciata, keeping only those from Scotland as R. septentrionis. Klapálek (1893) described the larva and the pupa of R. septentrionis in Bohem, but the area matches with those of R. fasciata, so it should be this species. The same situation pertains to Silfvenius (1905), who described larvae and pupae from South Finland as R. septentrionis that should be R. fasciata. Ulmer (1909), based on previous authors, described the imagos and larvae of R. fasciata and R. septentrionis, first one from Elberfeld and the second one from different places in Germany. We consider that these specimens all belong to R. fasciata. There are more recent authors that have described R. fasciata and R. septentrionis specimens: Nielsen (1942) as R. septentrionis from Denmark; Nóvak (1963) as R. fasciata from Czechoslovakia; Hickin (1954) and Mackereth (1954) as R. septentrionis from United Kingdom; Fotius-Jaboulet (1964) as R. septentrionis from France; Lepneva (1964) as R. septentrionis from northwest, west and southwest Russia; Eidel (1974) as R. fasciata from Austria; Buholzer (1978) as R. fasciata from Switzerland; Sedlak (1985) as R. fasciata from Central Europe; Pitsch (1993) as R. fasciata from Central Europe. Of all these descriptions, only those from the United Kingdom could belong to R. septentrionis; the rest, from continental Europe, should be R. fasciata or some related species. Finally, Malicky & Sipahiler (1993) illustrated the differences among male specimens of R. fasciata from Europe, Turkey, and Lebanon that they considered as subspecies of the R. fasciata Group. Some of them have been promoted to species (R. denticulata McLachlan 1879, by Valladolid et al. 2018; R. kykladica Malicky & Sipahiler 1993, by Valladolid et al. 2019), one species has been resurrected (R. sociata Navás 1916, previously a synonym of R. denticulata, by Valladolid et al. 2018), and others could be considered also valid species (Valladolid, unpublished data)., Published as part of Valladolid, María, Arauzo, Mercedes, Chertoprud, Mikhail V., Chvojka, Pavel, Czachorowski, Stanisław, Dorda, Beatriz A., Hinić, Jelena, Ibrahimi, Halil, Karaouzas, Ioannis, Krpač, Vladimir, Kučinić, Mladen, Lodovici, Omar, Salokannel, Juha, Stamenković, Valentina Slavevska & Stojanović, Katarina, 2021, The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Europe: Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 and formerly synonymized species (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae), with new description of Rhyacophila fasciata and Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan 1865 (stat. prom.)., pp. 1-57 in Zootaxa 4975 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4975.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4804044, {"references":["Hagen, H. (1859) Die Phryganiden Pictet's. Entomologische Zeitung, 20 (4 - 6), 131 - 170.","Ross, H. H. (1952) Lectotypes of Hagen species belonging to certain families of Trichoptera. Psyche: A Journal of Entomology, 59, 31 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1952 / 52847","McLachlan, R. (1868) Contributions to a knowledge of European Trichoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 4 th Series, 1, 289 - 308.","Valladolid, M., Arauzo, M., Basaguren, A., Dorda, B. A. & Rey, I. (2018) The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Western Europe: Confirmation of Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 (stat. prom.) and Rhyacophila sociata Navas 1916 (stat. res.), based on morphological and molecular genetic evidence (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae). Zootaxa, 4418 (6), 526 - 544. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4418.6.2","Klapalek, F. (1893) Untersuchungen uber die Fauna der Gewasser Bohmens. I. Metamorphose der Trichopteren, II serie. Archiv fur die Naturwissenschaftliche Landesdurchforschung von Bohmen, 8 (6), 1 - 142.","Silfvenius, A. J. (1905) Beitrage zur Metamorphose der Trichopteren. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 27 (6), 1 - 168.","Ulmer, G. (1909) Die Susswasserfauna Deutschlands, Heft 5, 6: Trichoptera. Verlag, Gustav Fischer, Jena, 326 pp.","Nielsen, A. (1942) Uber die entwicklung und biologie der Trichoptera mit besonderer Berucksichtgung der queltrichopteren Himmerlands [About the development and biology of the Trichoptera with special consideration of spring Trichoptera from Himmerlands]. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Suppl. 17, (3 - 4), 337 - 358.","Novak, K. (1963) Beschreibung und bestimmungstabelle der weibchen bohmischer arten der gattung Rhyacophila. Acta Societatis Entomologicae Cechosloveniae, 60 (4), 304 - 311.","Hickin, N. E. (1954) Larvae of the British Trichoptera. 42. Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan (Rhyacophilidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomologica Society of London, Series A, General Entomology, 29 (4 - 6), 59 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1954. tb 01199. x","Mackereth, J. C. (1954) Taxonomy of the larvae of the British species of the genus Rhyacophila (Trichoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomologica Society of London, Series A, General Entomology, 29 (10 - 12), 147 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1954. tb 01189. x","Fotius-Jaboulet, M. C. (1964) Description de la larve de Rhyacophila praemorsa Mcl. et comparaison de cette larve a celle de Rhyacophila septentrionis Mcl. Travaux du Laboratoire de Zoologie et de la Station Aquicole Grimaldi de la Faculte des Sciences de Dijon, 62, 1 - 13.","Lepneva, S. G. (1964) Fauna of the USSR. Trichoptera. 1. Larvae and pupae of Annulipalpia. Zoological Institute of the Academy of Science of the USSR, New Series, 88, 1 - 638 [Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations (1970)].","Eidel, K. (1974) Die Kocherfliegen (Trichoptera) des Wutachgebietes. Mitteilungen des Badischen Landesvereins fur Naturkunde und Naturschutz, 11 (2), 181 - 195. https: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / Mitt-Bad-Landesver-Natkde-Natschutz-Freiburg _ NF _ 11 _ 0181 - 0195. pdf","Buholzer, H. (1978) Larvenmorphologie und Verbreitung der Schweizerishen Rhyacophila Arten (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae). Ph. D. Dissertation, ETH Nr. 6177, Zurich, 151 pp. https: // www. research-collection. ethz. ch / handle / 20.500.11850 / 135968","Sedlak, E. (1985) Bestimmungsschlussel fur mitteleuropaische Kocherfliegenlarven (Insecta, Trichoptera). [Identification key for Central European caddis larvae (Insecta, Trichoptera)]. Wasser und Abwasser Vienna, 29, 1 - 146. (Translation from Czech and edition: J. Waringer). https: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / WasserAbwasser _ 1985 _ 0001 - 0146. pdf","Pitsch, T. (1993) Zur Larvaltaxonomie, Faunistik und Okologie Mitteleuropaischer Fliessgewasser-Kocherfliegen (Insecta: Trichoptera) [Larval Taxonomy, Faunistics and Ecology of Central European River Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera)]. Landschaftsentwicklung und Umweltforschung, Schriftenreihe des Fachbereichs Landschaftsentwicklung Sonderheft 8, TU Berlin, 322 pp. https: // depositonce. tu-berlin. de / handle / 11303 / 5106","Malicky, H. & Sipahiler, F. (1993) Kocherfliegen (Trichoptera) aus der Turkei, mit Bemerkungen zu weiteren mediterranean Kocherfliegen. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse, 66, 457 - 468.","McLachlan, R. (1879) A Monographic Revision and Synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European Fauna, Part VIII. John Van Voorst, London, 1874 - 1880, pp. 429 - 500, plates 45 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 28556","Valladolid, M., Karaouzas, I., Arauzo, M., Dorda, B. A. & Rey, I. (2019) The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Greece: Rhyacophila kykladica Malicky & Sipahiler 1993 (stat. prom.) (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae). Morphological description, genetic and ecological features. Zootaxa, 4657 (3), 503 - 522. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4657.3.5","Navas, L. (1916) Tricopteros nuevos de Espana. 1 ª Serie. Broteria, Serie Zoologica, 14, 5 - 11."]}

Rhyacophila fasciata viteceki Valladolid & Kučinić (ssp. nov.) This subspecies has been found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Etymology. The specific name is the genitive of Vitecek, given in honour of Dr. Simon Vitecek, biologist and trichopterologist of Wasser Cluster Lunz, Lunz am See, Austria. Type material. Holotype ♂: BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, river Neretva, Bačevići (43.254154º N 17.824627º E, 35 m a.s.l.), 30/vi/17 (Stanić-Koštroman & M. Kučinić) [N1, MNCN _ Ent 269367 (MNCN)]. Paratypes: 2 ♂, same locality as holotype, 30/vi/17 (Stanić-Koštroman & M. Kučinić) [N2, no. 4455, (MCK) and N3, no. 1111 (UMBH)]. 2 ♂ and 1 ♀, river Sturba, 30/viii/18 (M. Kučinić) [1 ♂, S1, MNCN _ Ent 269368 (MNCN); 1 ♀, S3, MNCN _ Ent 269369 (MNCN); 1 ♂ S2, no. 4456 (MKC)]. 1 ♂, river Bunica, 04/vi/17 (StanićKoštroman & M. Kučinić) [B1, no. 1112 (UMBH)]. Description of the imago. Holotype (N1): Length from front of head to distal edge of segment IX 8.91 mm, each forewing 12.55 mm, each hind wing 10.54 mm. Males: Length 8.29–9.21 mm (x = 8.72, n = 6), each forewing 9.83–12.55 (x = 11.34, n = 6), each hind wing 8.85–10.54 mm (x = 9.79, n = 6). Female: Length from front of head to distal edge of segment VIII 11.26 mm (n =1), forewing 14.52 mm (n = 1), hind wing 12.15 mm (n = 1). In ethanol-preserved specimens colour generally pale brown, yellowish, with golden brown setae. Head, thorax, and abdomen dorsally pale brown, with small dark brown spots in dorsal area, some specimens in lateral view with long black spots marking borders between dorsal and ventral areas, abdomen ventrally yellowish; female darker than male, anterior 2/3 of abdominal segments pale brown or brown in darker specimens. Legs light, with spurs reddish brown. Forewings brown, spotted; hind wings pale. Male genitalia (Figs 3, 6 a–6e): Apical segment of each inferior appendage (Figs 3A, 6a) with basal and distal edges diverging, posterior edge oblique and slightly convex, ventral edge straight to slightly concave, at least two times longer that dorsal edge. Apicodorsal vertex angular, apicoventral angle projecting as thick lobe narrowing progressively to round apex (Fig 6a). Parameres (Figs 3 BV–3BL, 6c–6d) in ventral view curved posteromesad in apical 2/3 (Figs. 3 BV p, 6c). In lateral view (Figs. 3 BL, 6d) each slender at base, slightly dilated in middle, with rounded dorsal margin before midlength and almost straight ventral margin at midlength, pointed at apex; row of few thick spines on midventral margin (Figs 6 c–6d); midlateral surface covered by very fine spicules or setae, reaching from anteroventral to posterodorsal edges of paramere, absent from dorsal edge. Aedeagus (phallicata) in lateral view (Figs 3 CL, 6e) with dorsal margin deeply concave and posterior corner of concavity hooked anterad; upper posterior edge concave to obliquely truncate apex, ventral edge sinous. Lateroventral lobes of phallus (Fig. 3 CD lvl) convex, narrowing progressively towards apex, apicolateral margins round, posteromesal edge of each lobe concave. Ventral lobe of aedeagus nearly round, tapering and acute caudally (Fig 3 BV vl). Apicodorsal lobe of segment IX (Figs 3 DD, 6b) slightly dilated subapicolaterally, posterior edge semicircular, lateral edges converging anterad; preanal appendages (fig 3DD pa) shorter than apicodorsal lobe (Fig 3 DD al), obliquely subtruncate apicolaterally, with slightly concave posteromesal edges (Figs. 3 DD, 6b). In ventral view, apical band V-shaped, inner and outer edges converging in posterior third, pointed apically, longer than wide (Fig 3 DV ab); posterior edge of non-sclerotized ventral area slightly concave, with small mesal incision (Fig 3 DV va), anal sclerites subtriangular, concave apically (Fig 3 DV as)., Published as part of Valladolid, María, Kučinić, Mladen, Arauzo, Mercedes, Cerjanec, Darko, Ćuk, Renata, Dorda, Beatriz A., Lodovici, Omar, Stanić-Koštroman, Svjetlana, Vučković, Ivan & Rey, Isabel, 2020, The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina: Rhyacophila f. fasciata Hagen 1859 and the description of two new subspecies, Rhyacophila fasciata delici Kučinić & Valladolid (ssp. nov.) from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina and Rhyacophila fasciata viteceki Valladolid & Kučinić, pp. 51-75 in Zootaxa 4885 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4885.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4296372

[EN] We present the description of two new subspecies of the Rhyacophila fasciata Group: Rhyacophila fasciata delici Ku¿ini¿ & Valladolid (ssp. nov.), broadly distributed in Croatia and present also in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and R. fasciata viteceki Valladolid & Ku¿ini¿ (ssp. nov.), found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Our study of the morphology of adults, as well as our analysis of the barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene and geographical distribution confirm the differences of the two new subspecies with the nominal species R. f. fasciata, also found in both countries., [ES] Se presenta la descripción de dos nuevas subespecies del Grupo Rhyacophila fasciata: Rhyacophila fasciata delici Kučinić& Valladolid (ssp. nov.), ampliamente distribuida en Croacia y presente también en Bosnia y Herzegovina y R. fasciata vitecekiValladolid & Kučinić (ssp. nov.), encontrada en Bosnia y Herzegovina. El estudio de la morfología de los adultos, así como el análisis de la citocromo oxidasa I mitocondrial (COImit) y la distribución geográfica confirma las diferencias de las dos nuevas subespecies con la especie nominal R. f. fasciata, también presente en ambos países., This research is a part of scientific project “DNA barcoding of Croatian faunal biodiversity” (IP–06–2016–9988) funded by the Croatian Science Foundation.

[EN] The morphology of the different stages (larva, pupa, male, and female) of Rhyacophila fasciata kykladica Malicky & Sipahiler 1993 was examined as a basis for the description of the taxon. Morphological data were supplemented by molecular analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (mtCOI), which were compared with samples of the nominate subspecies Rhyacophila fasciata fasciata Hagen 1859, as well as with other new species in this group, Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 and Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916. Our results revealed genetic differences between all the taxa; therefore, a change of taxonomic status of R. fasciata kykladica to R. kykladica (stat. prom.) is proposed., [ES] Se ha estudiado la morfología de los diferentes estadíos (larva, pupa, macho y hembra) de Rhyacophila fasciata kykladica Malicky & Sipahiler 1993, con el fin de completar la descripción del taxón. Los datos morfológicos se complementaron con el análisis del gen de la citocromo C oxidasa mitocondrial, subunidad I (mtCOI), que se comparó con muestras de la subespecie nominal Rhyacophila fasciata fasciata Hagen 1859, así como con otras especies nuevas en este grupo, Rhyacophila denticulata McLachlan 1879 y Rhyacophila sociata Navás 1916. Nuestros resultados revelaron diferencias genéticas entre todos los taxones, por lo que se propone un cambio de estatus taxonómico de R. fasciata kykladica a R. kykladica (stat. prom.).

In order to check the presence and distribution of Rhyacophila fasciata fasciata Hagen 1859 (species described from Austria) and R. fasciata denticulata McLachlan 1879 in the Iberian Peninsula, we studied the morphology of Spanish, French, and Austrian specimens, together with their mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (mtCOI). We observed that the individuals considered to date as R. fasciata denticulata are in fact two different species: R. denticulata, presently known from France and possibly in some rivers of the Basque Country (Spain), and R. sociata Navás 1916 distributed in Spain and France. These two species are also different from the reference species (R. fasciata) from Austria, so we propose a change in the taxonomic status of R. fasciata denticulata to R. denticulata (stat. prom.) and the restoration of R. sociata (stat. res.), with the designation of a neotype, due to the loss of the holotype., This study was funded by the Projects AGl2006-07087/AGR (Plan Nacional I+D+I 2006) and AGL2011-29861/AGR (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Plan Nacional I+D+I (2008-2011)).

The Balkan Peninsula is known for its high species diversity, but it is also one of the least known areas of Europe. Many previously inaccessible regions lack reliable faunistic records. There are especially few data available for the highly diverse aquatic insects of the region. To help fill the gap, we conducted an extensive survey to map the Trichoptera fauna of the Republic of Kosovo, an area where faunistic records are extremely scarce. Adult specimens were collected during 2009 and 2010, with light traps and entomologic nets. Of 84 Trichoptera species identified from the 21 investigated stations, 15 belong to the genus Rhyacophila. This makes the genus the most species-rich in Kosovo. Rhyacophila fasciata and R. tristis are widespread in many streams and rivers all over the country, while R. balcanica, R. trescavicensis, R. obtusa and R. bosnica have limited distribution. Ten Rhyacophila species presented in this paper are recorded for the first time on the area of Kosovo. We also provide new data for the disjunctive distribution of R. palmeni in south-eastern Europe, from Kosovo and Croatia.

Classification of spring macrozoobenthos assemblages was carried out using original data. Five types of assemblages were identified: Potamophylax nigricornis-Baetis rhodani-Cnetha spp.-Nemouridae, Rhyacophila fasciata; Stenophylax lateralis-Euglesidae-Ptychoptera spp.; Asellus aquaticus; Apatania auricular. The differentiation factors of these assemblages are water flow, water velocity, which are independent conditions, and substrate type. Comparison of classification with other variants of classification of spring macrozoobenthos found in the literature was carried out.

By putting a weir immediately below an emergence trap, current velocity was reduced, and thus a layer of fine sand was deposited. There was a significant decrease in specimen numbers for most of the dominant taxa, Agapetus fuscipes.Tinodes rostocki. Sericostoma personatum. and Rhyacophila fasciata. No effect was observed for Apatania fimbriata and Chaetoptery villosa.Trichoptera biomass was reduced for about 1/3 to 2/3. The amount of specimens in the sandy trap showed a heavy influence of the mode of emergence in between different species. Drift distances during emergence vary from about 50 cm to 10 m, depending on current velocity and on the species.

110 species of adult Trichoptera were trapped at a South Swedish stream. Breeding localities were found for 54 species, 34 of which inhabited the stream system. Emergence of some species also occurred in the uppermost parts of the stream. 97 % of the adults in non-attracting traps were lotic species. In these traps 55 % of all individuals were intercepted when moving upstream and 45 % when moving downstream. About the same proportion was found for individual species, including the dominant Potamophylax cingulatus Steph. In Rhyacophila fasciata Hag. upstream movements were much greater than downstream movements. Some lotic limnephilids dispersed widely from the stream and exchange with neighbouring populations probably occurred. Dispersing females had generally mated and were egg-bearing.