Search

Brazil is a tropical country with favorable conditions for the generation and utilization of solar energy. This energy source becomes even more attractive when considering the dry periods that impact hydroelectric power generation in the country, resulting in an increase in energy costs reflected monthly in consumers' bills through tariff flags. In order to enhance residential architectural designs and promote energy efficiency, a feasibility study of photovoltaic systems was conducted, considering key economic indicators and the current tariff flags. To accomplish this, research was conducted in collaboration with Mounting Companies for a case study located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, adopting technical assumptions commonly used for residential photovoltaic system sizing. For the graphical sizing of the case study, factors such as the environment and summer and winter solstices were taken into account, and a shadow study was conducted to assess the potential loss of power generation by the photovoltaic system throughout the year. The shadow study revealed that, during both solstices, the optimal time for power generation by photovoltaic systems is between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m. Essentially, the calculated values of NPV (Net Present Value) and IRR (Internal Rate of Return) indicate that the project is economically viable and particularly advantageous during the yellow and red tariff flags, situations in which energy costs tend to be higher for consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work seeks throughout its contents to highlight the importance of the correct disposal of domestic waste, consolidating which aspects can be improved or environmental impacts that can be minimized with procedures for an efficient disposal of waste developed in the home environment. The general objective of the research presented is to show how the efficient disposal of domestic waste occurs, as for the specific objectives, they are: to analyze the main impacts promoted by the incorrect disposal of domestic waste, to present the characteristics of solid waste highlighted by the households Brazilians, highlight the procedures involved in the process of disposal of domestic waste. In order to consolidate the contents presented, a descriptive and exploratory research was carried out, highlighting relevant concepts and describing the vision of some individuals regarding the procedure for the disposal of domestic waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growing population in the large urban centres, environmental problems caused by it are increasingly common, with more serious consequences. Manaus CITY is also suffering with the problems presented by the lack of preservation of their gallery forests, which are being amended and modified by anthropic. However, this work has as main objective, to study the environmental impacts occurring in a riparian Forest existing in the urban area of this city, because of the construction of a complex of a private property, and as a result of such valuation economic impacts. The compilation was done in three stages, the first one being the identification of the area through images of location of the area of permanent preservation, surveying and handling of technical reports; the second was the bibliographic survey to sustain the discussions from surveys performed in results acquired, referring to the valuation of environmental compensation executed in the affected area, and the third part was the development and implementation of the project of recovering area degradas to restore the losses identified and promote regeneration of this area. Through the tools employed, could be reached to the conclusion that the anthropic exerted by the enterprise to negatively affect the area addressed, such as improving the rate of sedimentation to the amount, change in the concentration of solids and increase in turbidity and the emergence of voçorocas over much of the bed of igarapé, thus bringing harm to local fauna and flora. With the use of mathematical tools, could be performed to calculate the economic valuation of environmental compensation, which indicates a theoretical value that corresponds to the costs to compensate for what has been degraded in the area. Depending on the situation presented, drafted up the Plan of recovery of degraded area, in order to mitigate the negative effects suffered, where the actions taken were very efficient, according to the results obtained in the medium and long term in the area impacted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the fluctuation of the bee community and to carry out its rescue, during the implementation phase of the 23 km of the Expressway Transolímpica also nominated corridor Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves (22°52'14.96"S 43°24'36.77"O). The bee community was prospected during the project's implementation activities for winter and spring seasonality. Qualitative and quantitative samplings followed the standard protocol established in CONAMA Resolution No 346/2004 for native and Africanized bees, 34 swarms were rescued for the winter season and 46 for the spring season, where the most abundant species for both seasons was the Tetragonisca angustula it is noteworthy that the rescue of the species Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides was carried out, several species of bees of the genus Melipona are threatened for the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La vegetacióntiene uma estrecharelación con losprocesos del ciclohidrológico, modificando los em función de las condicionesen las que se encuentre. La vegetaciónregulaelciclohidrológico, permitiendo que El água pasepor las distintasetapas del ciclo de maneraadecuada para asegurar la estabilidad del proceso. La vegetaciónretiene gran parte del água precipitada, liberando lapaulatinamente a cursos de agua y embalsessuperficiales y subterráneos. Enestetrabajo se analizóelimpacto de la deforestación em elrégimenhídrico de la Ciudad de Petrópolis. Los resultadosmuestran que la reducción del área de cobertura vegetal provoco aumentos em loscaudalesanuales. La reducción del 58% de la cobertura vegetal al 39% provocó un aumento del caudal medio del 60%. Estoimplicó un aumento em elíndice de escorrentía de 0,29 a 0,50. También se verifican câmbios em relación a loscauda lês médios anualesmínimos y máximos. Enel primer caso, hubo un aumento del 86,3% y, em elsegundocaso, el caudal máximo medio anual se incrementóen un 49,9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental problems currently constitute one of the biggest concerns of the global scientific ambient. In this sense, this work had as objective the analysis of the environmental impacts arising from mineral extraction and changes in physical and biotic environment. The results through the method of "check-list" showed that although such projects bring radical environmental effects is possible to minimize the negative effects of mining, at all stages of the project, with solutions based on the analysis of monitoring and correction, for satisfactory results and the re-composition of the striking scenery. The main conclusion is that this study can be used as a theoretical framework to support the process of environmental licensing of this type of venture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban expansion in Petropolis region is due to massive deforestation for housing and other human activities. Deforestation is the main cause ecological imbalances, resulting in: flooding, decrease in porosity and desertification of soil. By AIA semi-qualitative technique analysis it studied possible losses and benefits of urban expansion in the locality, if changes were likely or not of occurrence and their level of impaction. It was observed that the probability of occurrence of damage was much higher than that of benefits. The result corroborates the literature, therefore, has been seen that vegetation plays an important role in water control of the town, and also in the physical and chemical soil. The probability of catastrophic consequences, due to deforestation, is extremely high, and even mid-sized consequences have capacity of environmental impacts that are likely to be irreversible. Deforestation intensifies the consequences of major frequent rainfall in the summer of the State of Rio de Janeiro, so the higher the deforestation, the greater the likelihood of recurrent and intense rainfall events resulting from large. Therefore, it is necessary to control urban sprawl in the region to reduce water environmental impact in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the speedy process of urban and population growth the Aracaju Region has grown quickly, which has generated serious impacts due to irregular occupations, but also mainly by domestic sewage dump, garbage and lack of environmental awareness about the importance of preserving ecosystems. So this study aims to assess the urban growth with the events the degradation of ecosystems of mangroves, being a delicate ecosystem that has suffered from the excessive urban expansion of Aracaju Region. Can be confirm with data collected that much of the sewage network is precarious, situation that comes to repeat even in the capital, leading to the conclusion the need to implement preventive actions and environmental awareness to improve the quality of life of the population and try to minimize environmental damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regions of Caravelas and Mucuri are located in the extreme south of Bahia state, they are characterized by coastal regions with diverse ecosystems that have great importance in the life of many species cycle. They are regions that stand out as the two main cellulose producing municipalities in the country. In Caravelas region it is situated one of the leading marine parks in South America, the Abrolhos Marine National Park which has great importance in the conservation of many species and unfortunately has suffered environmental damage due to the large growth of tourism and fishing. In recent years these two regions has been the subject of great activities such as eucalyptus monoculture, cellulose and paper industries, among other activities that have generated employment for local residents and source of income. It was conducted a literature review of the two regions over the last few years in order to update the information that was previously granted such as population growth, basic sanitation data, among others, to analyze the changes in the two regions and to assess the intensity of environmental impacts in both regions. Through this study it could be observed that the two regions has shown growth in recent years and they are areas with high feasibility of implementing major industries and increased tourism, implementation of resorts and hotels, which has caused changes across the landscape and generating part environmental impacts that must be assessed and studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rising and intensification of production's activities, as industries, the deforestation taxes show to be on an alarming level. It is wide spread known the consequences that deforestation might cause in metropolitan areas. In order to evalue the consequences of this growing phenomenon, is possible to use a role of ambiental impacts evaluations techniques. One of them is the Preliminary Analysis of Danger (PAD), which is based on qualitative and statistics analysis and might be used in association with other ambiental impacts evaluations techniques. It's goal is to analyze dangers in potential, it's causes and consequences, in which is also done an associated risk analysis, which the last is the association between the classifications of frequency and severity, and, in the end, it gives suggestions of measures to avoid these dangers (undesired events). In this study, six dangers have been identified, in which none of them present despicable or low risk (0%), 16% present medium or high risk and 66% present critic risk. These datas point out that the deforestation situation might cause dangers with great consequences to Petropolis' metropolitan area, just as floodings and earth slidings, which higthlights the urgency of management of the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innate capacity to increase in number is defined as the maximum rate (mr) of increase obtained by a population of fixed age distribution, in any combination of the physical factors of time, under optimal conditions of space, feeding, and intra-specific influence, excluding inter-specific influence. In this work, the hypothesis is that there is a thermal threshold, this is the base temperature (Tb) for the development of Atherigona Orientalis, and the increase and/or decrease of the population is a function of its survival, fertility, sex ratio, and fecundity, with thresholds influenced by isotherms. These equations determined the number of generations per year of the bioindicator Atherigona Orientalis for isotherms from 21 C to 27 C. Through the number of individuals of the last compartment (females in pre-oviposition), obtained through the simulations, as a function of time, for each isotherm, it was possible to estimate the number of annual generations conditioned to a system without gains or losses. Depending on the temperature, Atherigona Orientalis can present from 4,19 to 8,23 and 4,74 to 8,55 generations per year when obtained through the development equations and simulations, respectively, and the higher the temperature higher the number of generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the evaluation of environmental effects is to support monetary valuation to assign responsibilities. Studies with this purpose usually last for a long time and complex, since several parameters need to be monitored concomitantly. Oftentimes, the ecosystem response to stress, as well as its own natural variability are only observed in the long term, sometimes without the presence of the stressor agent. The proposal for the implementation of "Cost Fees" in a licensing system for the use of areas and spaces in environmental conservation units involves 1. meeting the legal requirements (pertinent documentation, being within the terms of validity and signatory grantor); 2. information of the environmental requirements (component documentation, terms of validity and specific qualifications); and 3. cost fees for obtaining the term of permission for use of areas and spaces according to sizing of the environmental assessment.1. meeting the legal requirements (pertinent documentation, terms of validity and signatory grantor); 2. information of the environmental requirements (pertinent documentation, terms of validity and specific qualifications); and 3. cost fees for obtaining the term of permission for use of areas and spaces according to sizing of the environmental assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disruption of the Fundão dam, located in the municipality of Mariana (MG), was responsible for the biggest disaster caused by a mining company, being considered the largest environmental catastrophe ever occurred in Brazil. About 34 million m? of iron ore tailings were released into the environment, according to IBAMA's Preliminary Report (2015), by mining company Samarco - a company associated with Vale do Rio Doce and British company BHP Billiton. Rivers, streams and vegetation were hit, as well as the burial of homes and properties leaving many families homeless, without their means of subsistence, and weakened by the deaths of close ones. Within hours, after the dam broke, the mud reached the Doce River, causing increased turbidity of the water and causing the death of thousands of fish and other animals. In this work a bibliographic search of the main environmental impacts generated by the disaster was made, separated in three categories of damages: environmental, social and environmental and human, as well as the recovery plans of each one. The results showed that the impacts were highly complex, that many areas will be unable to return to their previous state and some plans will take long years to complete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to identify the environmental impacts and damages and actions developed to improve the quality of life and preservation of the biodiversity of the coastal zones of the municipalities of Angra dos Reis and Paraty, according to the methodology of the Pressure-State-Impact-Response (PEIR) Model. The information on the state of the environment is of great practical and theoretical importance, since from these it is possible to elaborate a planning to minimize the pressures and impacts on the environment and to potentiate the responses in favor of the preservation of the biodiversity and promotion of the quality improvement life and well-being of the population. In the first stage, the data were collected through bibliographic research and organized into infographics and tables. In the second step, the results were analyzed and discussed from the perspective of the PEIR model. It was observed that the municipalities under study need improvements in basic urban infrastructure, which directly influences the quality of life and health of the population. On the other hand, there are initiatives for the conservation of biodiversity, such as the maintenance of Conservation Units and the adhesion of the municipality of Paraty to the Green Passport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The BR 101 is a very important road for the country and have suffered duplication works to decrease the number of traffic jams and accidents along its length. The stretch between km 190.3 to km 144.2 pierces a Conservation Unit (UC) and an Environmental Protection Area (APA), areas where biodiversity must be preserved, and its legal support by Law 6938/8, National Environmental Policy. Eleven environmental impacts were identified caused by this project and evaluated through a matrix of interaction. The impacts were negative and reveal a worrying situation because of permanent damage to the ecosystem adjacent, which can affect the populations of fauna and flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]