Search

Roraima is the northernmost state in the Legal Amazon and the northernmost part of Brazil. Its population is over 600,000, of which approximately 15% are indigenous populations, the ethnic groups being Macuxi, Wapichana, Taurepang, Ingaricó, Patamona, Yanomami, Ye`kuana, Sapará, Waimiri Atroari and Waiwai. Indigenous populations in Brazil have few teaching materials that value the indigenous language and knowledge, as well as their relationship with science. The aim of this work is to develop contextualized, intercultural and interdisciplinary cards for teaching chemistry/science based on the identification of chemical elements of the Periodic Table found in the Holy Bible in the indigenous Waiwai language. To this end, we used applied research, with inductive reasoning, with exploratory and descriptive objectives for this study, with a qualitative approach using the documentary technique. The selection of documents was based on the Holy Bible translated into the Waiwai indigenous language, which resulted in 14 citations for sulfur (S), 86 for pehu (Fe), 35 for kobre (Cu), 10 for prata (Ag), 7 for estañu (Sn), 182 for ooru (Au) and 9 citations for xumbu (Pb). These were used in the construction of the teaching material. Through categorization, the data were decoded and interpreted. The educational product developed, the cards, is a teaching material for teaching chemistry/sciences that is contextualized and expresses the ethnic group's cultural and identity. In this sense, the production of cards seems to be an effective pedagogical resource for teaching chemistry/sciences in an intercultural context.

Theobroma grandiflorum is an important fruit tree from Sterculiaceae family, native to the Brazilian Amazon, known in the region as cupuaçu. The seeds have a high fat content (24%) with characteristics that resemble those of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter with potential applications in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The main objective of this work was to explore the seed fats from T. grandiflorum that were analyzed for fatty acid composition by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and to analyze their activity for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Chromatographic analysis provided detection of nine fatty acids. The major fatty acids found in the species were oleic (40.0%), stearic (32.7%), arachidic (10.4%) and palmitic (8.0%). The acetylcholinesterase inhibition by fats from seeds was over 40.48%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v0i0.894

The inajá (Maximiliana maripa) is a palm from Arecaceae family. The inajá distribution occurs from Amazon to the west-central of South America. The inajá has edible parts: the palm heart and oils obtained from pulp and seed. The aims of this study were to verify the fatty acid profile from pulp oil by GC-FID and analyzing acetylcholinesterase inhibition by inajá pulp oil. Chromatographic analysis provided eleven fatty acids. The major unsaturated fatty acids are oleic (22.32%), linoleic (4.72%) and linolenic acids (3.95%). The major saturated fatty acids are palmitic (20.76%), myristic (20.48%) and lauric acids (17.42%). The acetylcholinesterase inhibition by inajá oil pulp was over 63.76%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v7i4.769

The Andiroba belongs to the botanical family Meliaceae, found in the Amazon mainly two varieties, Carapa guianensis and C. procera. They are species with large logging utility and extracted oil has many uses, especially in lighting, such as healing use, insecticide and anti-inflammatory. In this paper the physico-chemical properties of oil of C. guianensis in São João da Beacon, Roraima through calculations from 1H NMR spectrum using the computer program PROTÓLEOS properties are studied by ESI-MS technique to determine the constituents of said oil are linolenic acid (9.99%), linoleic acid (13.14%), oleic acid (47.32%), unsaturated (70.45%) fatty acid and saturated fatty acids (29.55%). The extracted oil of andiroba oil has a yield of 67.03% being the physicochemical properties of the oil as follows: 48.4 mg I2 / g of iodine; 161.67 mg KOH / g of saponification; 1.84% of acid; 1004.02 g / mol average molecular weight; 159.83 mg KOH / g of ester value; 98.87% percent of ester and 0.9166 g / cm3 for the density at 25 ° C. Constituents determined by ESI-MS include: 1,1'-methyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate diantraquinona, dimethyl pirofosfatosantoninate, 2,4,6-tris- (3,5-di-butyl-4-tec -hidroxibencil) styrene, (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octanoilporfirinate) -Mg (II).

In this paper, we conducted various phytochemical studies of the species Combretumlaurifolium Mart. in the region of the city of Amajari in Roraima, Brazil, aiming to study thebiological properties such as antibacterial activity, and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity.The results were interesting to the antimicrobial activities against S. typhimurium, E. coli, S.Sanguinis, S.aurus, C. albicans and acetilcolesterasa, the phytochemical prospecting is presenttannins, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes and saponins in the species.

In this review, the traditional uses, isolated natural substances, plant extracts and biological activities of the genus Swartzia, are described. Are also presented how to obtain the crude extracts, phytochemicals separation, isolation and purification, and still equipment using spectrometric identification of these can be seen. For the literature review were used major databases and search engines, such as: Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, SciFinder and Web of Science.

In this study was evaluated the fatty acids composition of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fillet, fish species cultivated in Roraima State, Brazil. For the extraction of tambaqui oil was used Sohxlet device and then it was methylated. The oil was identified using a gas chromatograph and were identified 24 acids and these were divided into characteristic groups such as: saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and series fatty acids omega-6 and omega-3. The ratios obtained were PUFA/SFA and omega-6/omega-3. The results of chromatographic analysis were subjected to tests by variance ANOVA and multiple comparisons of Tukey at 5%. The ratios omega-6/omega-3 and PUFA/SFA showed values ​​of 8.58 and 0.75 respectively.

Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a species of eucalyptus with potential for establishment of planted forests in the savannah area of Roraima. Little is known about the appropriate management of E. camaldulensis in the conditions of the savannah of Roraima, and for this reason, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the production of essential oil of the species. The experiment was conducted in ½ 43 fractional factorial design, that evaluated four doses of N (0, 50, 100, 200 kg ha-1), P (0, 30, 60, 120 kg ha-1) and K (0, 50, 100, 200 kg ha-1). One year after planting, the yield of essential oil was determined in fresh leaves, with extraction performed by the method of hydrodistillation in Clevenger type system. The yield of essential oil was changed mainly due to fertilization, increasing from 0.43 to 0.62% as it increased the doses of P. These values were within the range of 0.3 to 2.8% in the literature to yield essential oil in fresh leaves of E. camaldulensis. The highest oil yield was observed with a dose of 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus.