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2 results on '"Richo J"'

1. Structural and biological studies on bacterial nitric oxide synthase inhibitors.

Author

Holden JK, Li H, Jing Q, Kang S, Richo J, Silverman RB, and Poulos TL

Subjects
Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents metabolism, Bacillus subtilis growth & development, Catalytic Domain genetics, Cloning, Molecular, Crystallization, Heme metabolism, Imidazoles chemistry, Imidazoles metabolism, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Nitric Oxide Synthase chemistry, Oxidative Stress physiology, Protein Binding, Rats, Regression Analysis, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacillus subtilis drug effects, Models, Molecular, Nitric Oxide Synthase antagonists & inhibitors
Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) produced by bacterial NOS functions as a cytoprotective agent against oxidative stress in Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis, and Bacillus subtilis. The screening of several NOS-selective inhibitors uncovered two inhibitors with potential antimicrobial properties. These two compounds impede the growth of B. subtilis under oxidative stress, and crystal structures show that each compound exhibits a unique binding mode. Both compounds serve as excellent leads for the future development of antimicrobials against bacterial NOS-containing bacteria.

Published
2013
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2. Surveillance of hemodialysis-associated primary bloodstream infections: the experience of ten hospital-based centers.

Author

Dopirak M, Hill C, Oleksiw M, Dumigan D, Arvai J, English E, Carusillo E, Malo-Schlegel S, Richo J, Traficanti K, Welch B, and Cooper B

Subjects
Anti-Infective Agents therapeutic use, Bacteremia microbiology, Catheters, Indwelling adverse effects, Connecticut epidemiology, Databases, Factual, Humans, Incidence, Infection Control methods, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Population Surveillance, Prospective Studies, Renal Dialysis adverse effects, Renal Dialysis instrumentation, Bacteremia epidemiology, Outpatient Clinics, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Renal Dialysis statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Objective: To determine baseline rates of primary bloodstream infection (BSI) among a large pool of patients receiving hemodialysis using standardized surveillance tools and methodology., Design: Prospective, descriptive analysis of primary BSI rates., Setting: Ten hospital-based hemodialysis centers in Connecticut., Patients: All patients receiving long-term hemodialysis in the participating facilities., Results: A total of 158 BSIs occurred during 142,525 dialysis sessions within a 12-month study period. Of the BSIs, 15.2% occurred in patients with fistula or graft access and 84.8% in patients with central venous catheter access (P < .001). Rates per 100 patient-years in centers ranged from 0 to 30.8, with a mean of 16.6. Rates per 1,000 dialysis sessions ranged from 0 to 2.1, with a mean of 1.1. Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus) accounted for 61% and Klebsiella or Enterobacter species for 14.6% of infections. Of the patients, 63.3% received vancomycin, 24.7% received cefazolin, and 41.7% received aminoglycosides. Rates declined in the second 6 months of the study from 1.4 to 0.8 infections per 1,000 dialysis sessions (P < .001)., Conclusions: Primary BSI rates varied widely among participating centers and declined during the study period. BSIs were strongly associated with central venous catheter access. Further studies are needed to determine the reasons for variance in rates between centers and among various types of hemodialysis access.

Published
2002
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