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1. Developing a Diagnostic Multivariable Prediction Model for Urinary Tract Cancer in Patients Referred with Haematuria: Results from the IDENTIFY Collaborative Study

Author

Chaudry, Aasem, Sharma, Abhishek, Bennett, Adam, Ahmad, Adnan, Abroaf, Ahmed, Suliman, Ahmed Musa, Lloyd, Aimee, McKay, Alastair, Wong, Albert, Silva, Alberto, Schneider, Alexandre, MacKay, Alison, Knight, Allen, Grigorakis, Alkiviadis, Bdesha, Amar, Nagle, Amy, Cebola, Ana, Dhanasekaran, Ananda Kumar, Kondža, Andraž, Barcelos, André, Galosi, Andrea Benedetto, Ebur, Andrea, Minervini, Andrea, Russell, Andrew, Webb, Andrew, de Jalón, Ángel García, Desai, Ankit, Czech, Anna Katarzyna, Mainwaring, Anna, Adimonye, Anthony, Das, Arighno, Figueiredo, Arnaldo, Villers, Arnauld, Leminski, Artur, Chippagiri, Arvinda, Lal, Asim Ahmed, Yıldırım, Asıf, Voulgaris, Athanasios Marios, Uzan, Audrey, Oo, Aye Moh Moh, Younis, Ayman, Zelhof, Bachar, Mukhtar, Bashir, Ayres, Ben, Challacombe, Ben, Sherwood, Benedict, Ristau, Benjamin, Lai, Billy, Nellensteijn, Brechtje, Schreiter, Brielle, Trombetta, Carlo, Dowling, Catherine, Hobbs, Catherine, Benitez, Cayo Augusto Estigarribia, Lebacle, Cédric, Ho, Cherrie Wing Yin, Ng, Chi-Fai, Mount, Chloe, Lam, Chon Meng, Blick, Chris, Brown, Christian, Gallegos, Christopher, Higgs, Claire, Browne, Clíodhna, McCann, Conor, Plaza Alonso, Cristina, Beder, Daniel, Cohen, Daniel, Gordon, Daniel, Wilby, Daniel, Gordon, Danny, Hrouda, David, Lau, David Hua Wu, Karsza, Dávid, Mak, David, Martin-Way, David, Suthaharan, Denula, Patel, Dhruv, Carrion, Diego M, Nyanhongo, Donald, Bass, Edward, Mains, Edward, Chau, Edwin, Canelon Castillo, Elba, Day, Elizabeth, Desouky, Elsayed, Gaines, Emily, Papworth, Emma, Yuruk, Emrah, Kilic, Enes, Dinneen, Eoin, Palagonia, Erika, Xylinas, Evanguelos, Khawaja, Faizan, Cimarra, Fernando, Bardet, Florian, Kum, Francesca, Peters, Francesca, Kovács, Gábor, Tanasescu, Geroge, Hellawell, Giles, Tasso, Giovanni, Lam, Gitte, La Montagna, Giuseppe, Pizzuto, Giuseppe, Lenart, Gordan, MacLennan, Graeme, Özgür, Günal, Bi, Hai, Lyons, Hannah, Warren, Hannah, Ahmed, Hashim, Simpson, Helen, Burden, Helena, Gresty, Helena, Rios Pita, Hernado, Clarke, Holly, Serag, Hosam, Kynaston, Howard, Crawford-Smith, Hugh, Mostafid, Hugh, Otaola-Arca, Hugo, Koo, Hui Fen, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Ouzaid, Idir, Puche-Sanz, Ignacio, Tomašković, Igor, Tinay, Ilker, Sahibzada, Iqbal, Thangasamy, Isaac, Cadena, Iván Revelo, Irani, Jacques, Udzik, Jakub, Brittain, James, Catto, James, Green, James, Tweedle, James, Hernando, Jamie Borrego, Leask, Jamie, Kalsi, Jas, Frankel, Jason, Toniolo, Jason, Raman, Jay D., Courcier, Jean, Kumaradeevan, Jeevan, Clark, Jennifer, Jones, Jennifer, Teoh, Jeremy Yuen-Chun, Iacovou, John, Kelly, John, Selph, John P., Aning, Jonathan, Deeks, Jon, Cobley, Jonathan, Olivier, Jonathan, Maw, Jonny, Herranz-Yagüe, José Antonio, Nolazco, Jose Ignacio, Cózar-Olmo, Jose Manuel, Bagley, Joseph, Jelski, Joseph, Norris, Joseph, Testa, Joseph, Meeks, Joshua, Hernandez, Juan, Vásquez, Juan Luis, Randhawa, Karen, Dhera, Karishma, Gronostaj, Katarzyna, Houlton, Kathleen, Lehman, Kathleen, Gillams, Kathryn, Adasonla, Kelvin, Brown, Kevin, Murtagh, Kevin, Mistry, Kiki, Davenport, Kim, Kitamura, Kosuke, Derbyshire, Laura, Clarke, Laurence, Morton, Lawrie, Martinez, Levin, Goldsmith, Louise, Paramore, Louise, Cormier, Luc, Dell'Atti, Lucio, Simmons, Lucy, Martinez-Piñeiro, Luis, Rico, Luis, Chan, Luke, Forster, Luke, Ma, Lulin, Moore, Madeline, Gallego, Maria Camacho, Freire, Maria José, Emberton, Mark, Feneley, Mark, Antón-Juanilla, Marta, Rivero, Marta Viridiana Muñoz, Pirša, Matea, Tallè, Matteo, Crockett, Matthew, Liew, Matthew, Trail, Matthew, Peters, Max, Cooper, Meghan, Kulkarni, Meghana, Ager, Michael, He, Ming, Li, Mo, Omran Breish, Mohamed, Tarin, Mohamed, Aldiwani, Mohammed, Matanhelia, Mudit, Pasha, Muhammad, Akalın, Mustafa Kaan, Abdullah, Nasreen, Hale, Nathan, Gadiyar, Neha, Kocher, Neil, Bullock, Nicholas, Campain, Nicholas, Pavan, Nicola, Al-Ibraheem, Nihad, Bhatt, Nikita, Bedi, Nishant, Shrotri, Nitin, Lobo, Niyati, Balderas, Olga, Kouli, Omar, Capoun, Otakar, Oteo Manjavacas, Pablo, Gontero, Paolo, Mariappan, Paramananthan, Marchiñena, Patricio Garcia, Erotocritou, Paul, Sweeney, Paul, Planelles, Paula, Acher, Peter, Black, Peter C., Osei-Bonsu, Peter K, Østergren, Peter, Smith, Peter, Willemse, Peter-Paul Michiel, Chlosta, Piotr L., Ul Ain, Qurrat, Barratt, Rachel, Esler, Rachel, Khalid, Raihan, Hsu, Ray, Stamirowski, Remigiusz, Mangat, Reshma, Cruz, Ricardo, Ellis, Ricky, Adams, Robert, Hessell, Robert, Oomen, Robert J.A., McConkey, Robert, Ritchie, Robert, Jarimba, Roberto, Chahal, Rohit, Andres, Rosado Mario, Hawkins, Rosalyn, David, Rotimi, Manecksha, Rustom P., Agrawal, Sachin, Hamid, Syed Sami, Deem, Samuel, Goonewardene, Sanchia, Swami, Satchi Kuchibhotla, Hori, Satoshi, Khan, Shahid, Mohammud Inder, Shakeel, Sangaralingam, Shanthi, Marathe, Shekhar, Raveenthiran, Sheliyan, Horie, Shigeo, Sengupta, Shomik, Parson, Sian, Parker, Sidney, Hawlina, Simon, Williams, Simon, Mazzoli, Simone, Grzegorz Kata, Slawomir, Pinheiro Lopes, Sofia, Ramos, Sónia, Rai, Sonpreet, Rintoul-Hoad, Sophie, O'Meara, Sorcha, Morris, Steve, Turner, Stacey, Venturini, Stefano, Almpanis, Stephanos, Joniau, Steven, Jain, Sunjay, Mallett, Susan, Nikles, Sven, Shahzad, Yan, Sylvia, Lee, Taeweon, Uçar, Taha, Drake, Tamsin, Toma, Tarq, Cabañuz Plo, Teresa, Bonnin, Thierry, Muilwijk, Tim, Wollin, Tim, Chu, Timothy Shun Man, Appanna, Timson, Brophy, Tom, Ellul, Tom, Austin, Tomas, Smrkolj, Tomaž, Rowe, Tracey, Sukhu, Troy, Patel, Trushar, Garg, Tullika, Çaşkurlu, Turhan, Bele, Uros, Haroon, Usman, Crespo-Atín, Víctor, Parejo Cortes, Victor, Capapé Poves, Victoria, Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Gauhar, Vineet, During, Vinnie, Kumar, Vivek, Fiala, Vojtech, Mahmalji, Wasim, Lam, Wayne, Fung Chin, Yew, Filtekin, Yigit, Chyn Phan, Yih, Ibrahim, Youssed, Glaser, Zachary A, Abiddin, Zainal Adwin, Qin, Zijian, Zotter, Zsuzsanna, Zainuddin, Zulkifli, Khadhouri, Sinan, Gallagher, Kevin M., MacKenzie, Kenneth R., Shah, Taimur T., Gao, Chuanyu, Moore, Sacha, Zimmermann, Eleanor F., Edison, Eric, Jefferies, Matthew, Nambiar, Arjun, Anbarasan, Thineskrishna, Mannas, Miles P., Marra, Giancarlo, Gómez Rivas, Juan, Marcq, Gautier, Assmus, Mark A., Claps, Francesco, Boltri, Matteo, Burnhope, Tara, Nkwam, Nkwam, Boxall, Nicholas E., Downey, Alison P., Sukhu, Troy A., Chin, Yew-Fung, Green, James S.A., Goulao, Beatriz, Nielsen, Matthew, McGrath, John S., and Kasivisvanathan, Veeru

Published
2022
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6. The IDENTIFY Study: The Investigation and Detection of Urological Neoplasia in Patients Referred with Suspected Urinary Tract Cancer; A multicentre observational study

Author

Khadhouri, Sinan, Gallagher, Kevin M., MacKenzie, Kenneth R., Shah, Taimur T., Gao, Chuanyu, Moore, Sacha, Zimmermann, Eleanor F., Edison, Eric, Jefferies, Matthew, Nambiar, Arjun, Mannas, Miles P., Lee, Taeweon, Marra, Giancarlo, Lillaz, Beatrice, Gómez Rivas, Juan, Olivier, Jonathan, Assmus, Mark A., Uçar, Taha, Claps, Francesco, Boltri, Matteo, Burnhope, Tara, Nkwam, Nkwam, Tanasescu, George, Boxall, Nicholas E., Downey, Alison P., Lal, Asim A, Antón-Juanilla, Marta, Clarke, Holly, Lau, David H. W., Gillams, Kathryn, Crockett, Matthew, Nielsen, Matthew, Takwoingi, Yemisi, Chuchu, Naomi, O'Rourke, John, MacLennan, Graeme, McGrath, John S., Kasivisvanathan, Veeru, Chaudry, Aasem, Sharma, Abhishek, Bennett, Adam, Ahmad, Adnan, Abroaf, Ahmed, Suliman, Ahmed M, Lloyd, Aimee, McKay, Alastair, Wong, Albert, Silva, Alberto, Schneider, Alexandre, MacKay, Alison, Knight, Allen, Grigorakis, Alkiviadis, Bdesha, Amar, Nagle, Amy, Cebola, Ana, Dhanasekaran, Ananda Kumar, Kond?a, Andra?, Barcelos, André, Galosi, Andrea B, Ebur, Andrea, Minervini, Andrea, Russell, Andrew, Webb, Andrew, García de Jalón, Ángel, Desai, Ankit, Czech, Anna K, Mainwaring, Anna, Adimonye, Anthony, Das, Arighno, Figueiredo, Arnaldo, Villers, Arnauld, Leminski, Artur, Chippagiri, Arvinda, Y?ld?r?m, As?f, Voulgaris, Athanasios M, Uzan, Audrey, Oo, Aye Moh Moh, Younis, Ayman, Zelhof, Bachar, Mukhtar, Bashir, Ayres, Ben, Challacombe, Ben, Sherwood, Benedict, Ristau, Benjamin, Lai, Billy, Nellensteijn, Brechtje, Schreiter, Brielle, Trombetta, Carlo, Dowling, Catherine, Hobbs, Catherine, Benitez, Cayo Augusto Estigarribia, Lebacle, Cédric, Ho, Cherrie Wing Yin, Ng, ChiFai, Mount, Chloe, Lam, Chon Meng, Blick, Chris, Brown, Christian, Gallegos, Christopher, Higgs, Claire, Browne, Clíodhna, McCann, Conor, Alonso, Cristina Plaza, Beder, Daniel, Cohen, Daniel, Gordon, Daniel, Wilby, Daniel, Gordon, Danny, Lau, David Hua Wu, Hrouda, David, Karsza, Dávid, Mak, David, Martin-Way, David, Suthaharan, Denula, Patel, Dhruv, Carrion, Diego M, Nyanhongo, Donald, Bass, Edward, Mains, Edward, Chau, Edwin, Castillo, Elba Canelon, Day, Elizabeth, Desouky, Elsayed, Gaines, Emily, Papworth, Emma, Yuruk, Emrah, Kilic, Enes, Dinneen, Eoin, Palagonia, Erika, Xylinas, Evanguelos, Khawaja, Faizan, Cimarra, Fernando, Bardet, Florian, Kum, Francesca, Peters, Francesca, Kovács, Gábor, Tanasescu, Geroge, Hellawell, Giles, Tasso, Giovanni, Lam, Gitte, La Montagna, Giuseppe, Pizzuto, Giuseppe, Lenart, Gordan, Özgür, Günal, Bi, Hai, Lyons, Hannah, Warren, Hannah, Ahmed, Hashim, Simpson, Helen, Burden, Helena, Gresty, Helena, Pita, Hernado Rios, Serag, Hosam, Kynaston, Howard, Crawford-Smith, Hugh, Mostafid, Hugh, Otaola-Arca, Hugo, Fen Koo, Hui, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Ouzaid, Idir, Puche-Sanz, Ignacio, Tomakovi, Igor, Tinay, Ilker, Sahibzada, Iqbal, Thangasamy, Isaac, Cadena, Iván Revelo, Irani, Jacques, Udzik, Jakub, Brittain, James, Catto, James, Green, James, Tweedle, James, Hernando, Jamie Borrego, Leask, Jamie, Kalsi, Jas, Frankel, Jason, Toniolo, Jason, Raman, Jay D, Courcier, Jean, Kumaradeevan, Jeevan, Clark, Jennifer, Jones, Jennifer, Teoh, Jeremy YuenChun, Iacovou, John, Kelly, John, Selph, John P, Aning, Jonathan, Deeks, Jon, Maw, Jonny, Herranz-Yagüe, José Antonio, Nolazco, Jose Ignacio, Cózar-Olmo, Jose Manuel, Bagley, Joseph, Jelski, Joseph, Norris, Joseph, Testa, Joseph, Meeks, Joshua, Hernandez, Juan, Vásquez, Juan Luis, Randhawa, Karen, Dhera, Karishma, Gronostaj, Katarzyna, Houlton, Kathleen, Lehman, Kathleen, Adasonla, Kelvin, Brown, Kevin, Murtagh, Kevin, Mistry, Kiki, Davenport, Kim, Kitamura, Kosuke, Derbyshire, Laura, Clarke, Laurence, Morton, Lawrie, Martinez, Levin, Goldsmith, Louise, Paramore, Louise, Cormier, Luc, Dell'Atti, Lucio, Simmons, Lucy, Martinez-Piñeiro, Luis, Rico, Luis, Chan, Luke, Forster, Luke, Ma, Lulin, Moore, Madeline, Gallego, Maria Camacho, Freire, Maria José, Emberton, Mark, Feneley, Mark, Rivero, Marta Viridiana Muñoz, Pira, Matea, Tallè, Matteo, Liew, Matthew, Trail, Matthew, Cooper, Meghan, Kulkarni, Meghana, Ager, Michael, He, Ming, Li, Mo, Omran Breish, Mohamed, Tarin, Mohamed, Aldiwani, Mohammed, Matanhelia, Mudit, Pasha, Muhammad, Akaln, Mustafa Kaan, Abdullah, Nasreen, Hale, Nathan, Gadiyar, Neha, Kocher, Neil, Bullock, Nicholas, Campain, Nicholas, Pavan, Nicola, Al?Ibraheem, Nihad, Bhatt, Nikita, Bedi, Nishant, Shrotri, Nitin, Lobo, Niyati, Balderas, Olga, Kouli, Omar, Capoun, Otakar, Manjavacas, Pablo Oteo, Gontero, Paolo, Mariappan, Paramananthan, Marchiñena, Patricio Garcia, Erotocritou, Paul, Sweeney, Paul, Planelles, Paula, Acher, Peter, Black, Peter C, Osei?Bonsu, Peter K, Østergren, Peter, Smith, Peter, Willemse, Peter-Paul Michiel, Chlosta, Piotr L, Ul Ain, Qurrat, Barratt, Rachel, Esler, Rachel, Khalid, Raihan, Hsu, Ray, Stamirowski, Remigiusz, Mangat, Reshma, Cruz, Ricardo, Ellis, Ricky, Adams, Robert, Hessell, Robert, Oomen, Robert J.A., McConkey, Robert, Ritchie, Robert, Jarimba, Roberto, Chahal, Rohit, Andres, Rosado Mario, Hawkins, Rosalyn, David, Rotimi, Manecksha, Rustom P, Agrawal, Sachin, Hamid, Syed Sami, Deem, Samuel, Goonewardene, Sanchia, Swami, Satchi Kuchibhotla, Hori, Satoshi, Khan, Shahid, Inder, Shakeel Mohammud, Sangaralingam, Shanthi, Marathe, Shekhar, Raveenthiran, Sheliyan, Horie, Shigeo, Sengupta, Shomik, Parson, Sian, Parker, Sidney, Hawlina, Simon, Williams, Simon, Mazzoli, Simone, Kata, Slawomir Grzegorz, Lopes, Sofia Pinheiro, Ramos, Sónia, Rai, Sonpreet, Rintoul-Hoad, Sophie, O'Meara, Sorcha, Morris, Steve, Turner, Stacey, Venturini, Stefano, Almpanis, Stephanos, Joniau, Steven, Jain, Sunjay, Mallett, Susan, Nikles, Sven, Yan, Shahzad Sylvia, Drake, Tamsin, Toma, Tarq, Plo, Teresa Cabañuz, Bonnin, Thierry, Muilwijk, Tim, Wollin, Tim, Chu, Timothy Shun Man, Appanna, Timson, Brophy, Tom, Ellul, Tom, Austin, Tomas, Smrkolj, Toma, Rowe, Tracey, Sukhu, Troy, Patel, Trushar, Garg, Tullika, Çakurlu, Turhan, Bele, Uros, Haroon, Usman, Crespo-Atín, Víctor, Cortes, Victor Parejo, Poves, Victoria Capapé, Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Gauhar, Vineet, During, Vinnie, Kumar, Vivek, Fiala, Vojtech, Mahmalji, Wasim, Lam, Wayne, Chin, Yew Fung, Filtekin, Yigit, Phan, Yih Chyn, Ibrahim, Youssed, Glaser, Zachary A, Adwin, Zainal, Qin, Zijian, Zotter, Zsuzsanna, Zainuddin, Zulkifli, Khadhouri, Sinan, Gallagher, Kevin M, Mackenzie, Kenneth R, Shah, Taimur T, Gao, Chuanyu, Moore, Sacha, Zimmermann, Eleanor F, Edison, Eric, Jefferies, Matthew, Nambiar, Arjun, Mannas, Miles P, Lee, Taeweon, Marra, Giancarlo, Lillaz, Beatrice, Gómez Rivas, Juan, Olivier, Jonathan, Assmus, Mark A, Uçar, Taha, Claps, Francesco, Boltri, Matteo, Burnhope, Tara, Nkwam, Nkwam, Tanasescu, George, Boxall, Nicholas E, Downey, Alison P, Lal, Asim Ahmed, Antón-Juanilla, Marta, Clarke, Holly, Hw Lau, David, Gillams, Kathryn, Crockett, Matthew, Nielsen, Matthew, Takwoingi, Yemisi, Chuchu, Naomi, O'Rourke, John, Maclennan, Graeme, Mcgrath, John S, Kasivisvanathan, Veeru, Khadhouri, Sinan [0000-0002-1836-8992], Moore, Sacha [0000-0002-0914-2051], Gómez Rivas, Juan [0000-0002-0556-3035], Olivier, Jonathan [0000-0002-5409-2911], Assmus, Mark A [0000-0003-3615-9251], Claps, Francesco [0000-0003-2812-5553], Nkwam, Nkwam [0000-0003-1086-6388], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Objective To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, Male, =+16+years%2C+referred+to+secondary+care+with+suspected+urinary+tract+cancer%2E+Patients+with+a+known+or+previous+urological+malignancy+were+excluded%2E+We+estimated+the+prevalence+of+bladder+cancer%2C+UTUC%2C+renal+cancer+and+prostate+cancer%22">Objective To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. Patients and Methods This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged >= 16 years, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, UTUC, renal cancer and prostate cancer, stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3-34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1-30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77-1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80-1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32-2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03-1.05, P < 0.001), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90-4.15, P < 0.001), male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14-1.50, P < 0.001), and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30-3.18, P < 0.001). Conclusions A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer, renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80-1.29), bladder cancer, cancer prevalence, haematuria, hematuria, prostate cancer, renal cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer, urinary tract cancer, Adult, Aged, Female, Hematuria, Humans, Kidney Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Referral and Consultation, Ureteral Neoplasms, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Disease, urologic and male genital diseases, Prostate cancer, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, =+16+years%22">adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. Patients and Methods This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged >= 16 years, Medicine, bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1-30.2), and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, education.field_of_study, and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30-3.18, stratified by age, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, renal cancer and prostate cancer, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer, age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03-1.05 [stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3-34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1-30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77-1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80-1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32-2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were], UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77-1.52), 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3-34.1), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90-4.15, type of haematuria, P < 0.001), medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Urinary system, Population, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, Malignancy, smoking, UTUC, Internal medicine, sex, education, Bladder cancer, and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32-2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03-1.05, business.industry, Cancer, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14-1.50, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, P < 0.001). Conclusions A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, hospitals, business
Abstract

Funder: Action Bladder Cancer UK, Funder: Rosetrees Trust; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000833, Funder: Urology Care Foundation; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006280, OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged ≥16 years, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, UTUC, renal cancer and prostate cancer; stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. RESULTS: Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3-34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1-30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77-1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80-1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32-2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03-1.05; P < 0.001), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90-4.15; P < 0.001), male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14-1.50; P < 0.001), and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30-3.18; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer.

Published
2021
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9. COVID-19 impact on Surgical Training and Recovery Planning (COVID-STAR) - A cross-sectional observational study

Author

Clements, Joshua Michael, primary, Burke, Josh, additional, Nally, Deirdre, additional, Rabie, Mohamed, additional, Kane, Elizabeth, additional, Barlow, Emma, additional, Mohamed, Walid, additional, King, Martin, additional, McClymont, Liusaidh, additional, George, Manish, additional, Tolofari, Sotonye, additional, McKay, Siobhan, additional, Jayasekera, Ashan, additional, Steele, Duncan, additional, Badran, Abdul, additional, Summers, Dominic, additional, Harji, Deena, additional, Weston-Petrides, Gina, additional, Nasher, Omar, additional, Baker, Benjamin, additional, Patel, Shaneel, additional, Boyapati, Raghuram, additional, Peckham-Cooper, Adam, additional, Bashyam, Anthony, additional, Stovell, Matthew, additional, Zhang, Catherine, additional, Thomas, Rachel, additional, Sarmah, Panchali, additional, Wilkins, Alexander, additional, Dua, Radhika, additional, Gokani, Vimal, additional, Dovell, George, additional, and Rintoul-Hoad, Sophie, additional

Published
2021
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14. List of Contributors

Author

Ali, Tamara Ahmed, Antoniou, Sotiris, Atack, Kelly, Baidoo, Deborah, Baldwin, David S., Barker, Catrin, Barker, Roger, Barr, Andrew, Beale, Lee, Berry, Jonathan, Bleakley, Stephen, Cação, Gonçalo, Cadogan, Anthony, Cameron, Laura, Capstick, Toby, Carbarns, Neil J.B., Castelino, Sheena, Challocombe, Ben, Clifton, Ian, Cockwell, Paul, Conway, Katie, Cooke, Jonathan, Cosslett, Alan G., Cox, Anthony R., Cracknell, Netty (Annette), Creamer, Daniel, Cripps, Sarah, Crosbie, Emma, Cuevas, Octavio Aragon, Davies, J. Graham, Desai, Nemesha, Doherty, Mark D., Dreischulte, Tobias, Elliott, Jackie, Fenner, Sarah, Fitzpatrick, Ray W., Golightly, Peter, Grant, Alison, Gray, Jim, Greer, Dan, Hafiz, Imran, Harding, Keith, Harwood, Susanna J., Hawkins, Tina, Hobbs, Gregory J., Holloway, Samantha, Howard, Philip, Jones, Gail, Kalhan, Atul, Kavanagh, Sallianne, Kennedy, Patrick, Knaggs, Roger David, Koffas, Apostolos, Krska, Janet, Lamont, Alan, Lane, Emma, Lannon, Michelle, Loughran, Catherine, Maddock, Katie, Marlow, Helen, Marriott, John, Marshall, Kay, Mason, Emma, McAnaw, John, McGarry, Niamh, McRobbie, Duncan, Meynell, Helen, Molyneux, Catherine, Narayanan, Manjusha, Page, Mike D., Parker, Caroline, Pollard, Alan, Rintoul-Hoad, Sophie, Robb, Ali, Rogers, Trevor, Ross, Linda, Routledge, Philip A., Russell, Paula, Sander, Josemir W., Sandoe, Jonathan, Sawieres, Sara, Shetty, Hamsaraj, Sie, Michele, Smith, Ian, Sporton, Simon, Stringer, Stephanie, Taylor, Denise, Thanacoody, Ruben, Walsh, Sarah, Warburton, John, Ward-Platt, Martin P., Webb, David, Whitaker, Paul, Whittlesea, Cate, Wilkins, Simon J., Williams, Helen, Woodhouse, Ken, Woolf, Richard, and Yates, Laura

Published
2019
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16. Urethral Sphincter Injection of Botulinum Toxin A: A Review of Its Application and Outcomes.

Author

SETH, Jai, RINTOUL‐HOAD, Sophie, and SAHAI, Arun

Subjects
*BOTULINUM A toxins, *SPHINCTERS, *QUALITY of life, *RETENTION of urine, *URODYNAMICS, *BLADDER
Abstract

The first reported application of Botulinum toxin‐A (BTX‐A) into the urethral sphincter predates the first documented use in the bladder. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical indications of BTX‐A injection into the urethral sphincter and its clinical efficacy. This review of the literature includes the larger more significant published studies that have reported on this use of BTX‐A. Case reports and articles not published in English were excluded. There have been many published clinical studies describing the use of BTX‐A in the urethral sphincter, four of which are randomized placebo controlled trials. These studies tend to include patients either in urinary retention or with obstructed voiding, both in the neuropathic and non‐neuropathic populations. Studies tend to demonstrate improvements in urodynamic parameters and quality of life after injection. There have been many small clinical studies in this area, however larger placebo‐controlled trials are needed to evaluate this treatment at higher levels of evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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19. Developing a Diagnostic Multivariable Prediction Model for Urinary Tract Cancer in Patients Referred with Haematuria: Results from the IDENTIFY Collaborative Study

Author

Sinan Khadhouri, Kevin M. Gallagher, Kenneth R. MacKenzie, Taimur T. Shah, Chuanyu Gao, Sacha Moore, Eleanor F. Zimmermann, Eric Edison, Matthew Jefferies, Arjun Nambiar, Thineskrishna Anbarasan, Miles P. Mannas, Taeweon Lee, Giancarlo Marra, Juan Gómez Rivas, Gautier Marcq, Mark A. Assmus, Taha Uçar, Francesco Claps, Matteo Boltri, Giuseppe La Montagna, Tara Burnhope, Nkwam Nkwam, Tomas Austin, Nicholas E. Boxall, Alison P. Downey, Troy A. Sukhu, Marta Antón-Juanilla, Sonpreet Rai, Yew-Fung Chin, Madeline Moore, Tamsin Drake, James S.A. Green, Beatriz Goulao, Graeme MacLennan, Matthew Nielsen, John S. McGrath, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Aasem Chaudry, Abhishek Sharma, Adam Bennett, Adnan Ahmad, Ahmed Abroaf, Ahmed Musa Suliman, Aimee Lloyd, Alastair McKay, Albert Wong, Alberto Silva, Alexandre Schneider, Alison MacKay, Allen Knight, Alkiviadis Grigorakis, Amar Bdesha, Amy Nagle, Ana Cebola, Ananda Kumar Dhanasekaran, Andraž Kondža, André Barcelos, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Andrea Ebur, Andrea Minervini, Andrew Russell, Andrew Webb, Ángel García de Jalón, Ankit Desai, Anna Katarzyna Czech, Anna Mainwaring, Anthony Adimonye, Arighno Das, Arnaldo Figueiredo, Arnauld Villers, Artur Leminski, Arvinda Chippagiri, Asim Ahmed Lal, Asıf Yıldırım, Athanasios Marios Voulgaris, Audrey Uzan, Aye Moh Moh Oo, Ayman Younis, Bachar Zelhof, Bashir Mukhtar, Ben Ayres, Ben Challacombe, Benedict Sherwood, Benjamin Ristau, Billy Lai, Brechtje Nellensteijn, Brielle Schreiter, Carlo Trombetta, Catherine Dowling, Catherine Hobbs, Cayo Augusto Estigarribia Benitez, Cédric Lebacle, Cherrie Wing Yin Ho, Chi-Fai Ng, Chloe Mount, Chon Meng Lam, Chris Blick, Christian Brown, Christopher Gallegos, Claire Higgs, Clíodhna Browne, Conor McCann, Cristina Plaza Alonso, Daniel Beder, Daniel Cohen, Daniel Gordon, Daniel Wilby, Danny Gordon, David Hrouda, David Hua Wu Lau, Dávid Karsza, David Mak, David Martin-Way, Denula Suthaharan, Dhruv Patel, Diego M Carrion, Donald Nyanhongo, Edward Bass, Edward Mains, Edwin Chau, Elba Canelon Castillo, Elizabeth Day, Elsayed Desouky, Emily Gaines, Emma Papworth, Emrah Yuruk, Enes Kilic, Eoin Dinneen, Erika Palagonia, Evanguelos Xylinas, Faizan Khawaja, Fernando Cimarra, Florian Bardet, Francesca Kum, Francesca Peters, Gábor Kovács, Geroge Tanasescu, Giles Hellawell, Giovanni Tasso, Gitte Lam, Giuseppe Pizzuto, Gordan Lenart, Günal Özgür, Hai Bi, Hannah Lyons, Hannah Warren, Hashim Ahmed, Helen Simpson, Helena Burden, Helena Gresty, Hernado Rios Pita, Holly Clarke, Hosam Serag, Howard Kynaston, Hugh Crawford-Smith, Hugh Mostafid, Hugo Otaola-Arca, Hui Fen Koo, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Idir Ouzaid, Ignacio Puche-Sanz, Igor Tomašković, Ilker Tinay, Iqbal Sahibzada, Isaac Thangasamy, Iván Revelo Cadena, Jacques Irani, Jakub Udzik, James Brittain, James Catto, James Green, James Tweedle, Jamie Borrego Hernando, Jamie Leask, Jas Kalsi, Jason Frankel, Jason Toniolo, Jay D. Raman, Jean Courcier, Jeevan Kumaradeevan, Jennifer Clark, Jennifer Jones, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh, John Iacovou, John Kelly, John P. Selph, Jonathan Aning, Jon Deeks, Jonathan Cobley, Jonathan Olivier, Jonny Maw, José Antonio Herranz-Yagüe, Jose Ignacio Nolazco, Jose Manuel Cózar-Olmo, Joseph Bagley, Joseph Jelski, Joseph Norris, Joseph Testa, Joshua Meeks, Juan Hernandez, Juan Luis Vásquez, Karen Randhawa, Karishma Dhera, Katarzyna Gronostaj, Kathleen Houlton, Kathleen Lehman, Kathryn Gillams, Kelvin Adasonla, Kevin Brown, Kevin Murtagh, Kiki Mistry, Kim Davenport, Kosuke Kitamura, Laura Derbyshire, Laurence Clarke, Lawrie Morton, Levin Martinez, Louise Goldsmith, Louise Paramore, Luc Cormier, Lucio Dell'Atti, Lucy Simmons, Luis Martinez-Piñeiro, Luis Rico, Luke Chan, Luke Forster, Lulin Ma, Maria Camacho Gallego, Maria José Freire, Mark Emberton, Mark Feneley, Marta Viridiana Muñoz Rivero, Matea Pirša, Matteo Tallè, Matthew Crockett, Matthew Liew, Matthew Trail, Max Peters, Meghan Cooper, Meghana Kulkarni, Michael Ager, Ming He, Mo Li, Mohamed Omran Breish, Mohamed Tarin, Mohammed Aldiwani, Mudit Matanhelia, Muhammad Pasha, Mustafa Kaan Akalın, Nasreen Abdullah, Nathan Hale, Neha Gadiyar, Neil Kocher, Nicholas Bullock, Nicholas Campain, Nicola Pavan, Nihad Al-Ibraheem, Nikita Bhatt, Nishant Bedi, Nitin Shrotri, Niyati Lobo, Olga Balderas, Omar Kouli, Otakar Capoun, Pablo Oteo Manjavacas, Paolo Gontero, Paramananthan Mariappan, Patricio Garcia Marchiñena, Paul Erotocritou, Paul Sweeney, Paula Planelles, Peter Acher, Peter C. Black, Peter K Osei-Bonsu, Peter Østergren, Peter Smith, Peter-Paul Michiel Willemse, Piotr L. Chlosta, Qurrat Ul Ain, Rachel Barratt, Rachel Esler, Raihan Khalid, Ray Hsu, Remigiusz Stamirowski, Reshma Mangat, Ricardo Cruz, Ricky Ellis, Robert Adams, Robert Hessell, Robert J.A. Oomen, Robert McConkey, Robert Ritchie, Roberto Jarimba, Rohit Chahal, Rosado Mario Andres, Rosalyn Hawkins, Rotimi David, Rustom P. Manecksha, Sachin Agrawal, Syed Sami Hamid, Samuel Deem, Sanchia Goonewardene, Satchi Kuchibhotla Swami, Satoshi Hori, Shahid Khan, Shakeel Mohammud Inder, Shanthi Sangaralingam, Shekhar Marathe, Sheliyan Raveenthiran, Shigeo Horie, Shomik Sengupta, Sian Parson, Sidney Parker, Simon Hawlina, Simon Williams, Simone Mazzoli, Slawomir Grzegorz Kata, Sofia Pinheiro Lopes, Sónia Ramos, Sophie Rintoul-Hoad, Sorcha O'Meara, Steve Morris, Stacey Turner, Stefano Venturini, Stephanos Almpanis, Steven Joniau, Sunjay Jain, Susan Mallett, Sven Nikles, null Shahzad, Sylvia Yan, Tarq Toma, Teresa Cabañuz Plo, Thierry Bonnin, Tim Muilwijk, Tim Wollin, Timothy Shun Man Chu, Timson Appanna, Tom Brophy, Tom Ellul, Tomaž Smrkolj, Tracey Rowe, Troy Sukhu, Trushar Patel, Tullika Garg, Turhan Çaşkurlu, Uros Bele, Usman Haroon, Víctor Crespo-Atín, Victor Parejo Cortes, Victoria Capapé Poves, Vincent Gnanapragasam, Vineet Gauhar, Vinnie During, Vivek Kumar, Vojtech Fiala, Wasim Mahmalji, Wayne Lam, Yew Fung Chin, Yigit Filtekin, Yih Chyn Phan, Youssed Ibrahim, Zachary A Glaser, Zainal Adwin Abiddin, Zijian Qin, Zsuzsanna Zotter, Zulkifli Zainuddin, Khadhouri, Sinan, Gallagher, Kevin M., Mackenzie, Kenneth R., Shah, Taimur T., Gao, Chuanyu, Moore, Sacha, Zimmermann, Eleanor F., Edison, Eric, Jefferies, Matthew, Nambiar, Arjun, Anbarasan, Thineskrishna, Mannas, Miles P., Lee, Taeweon, Marra, Giancarlo, Gómez Rivas, Juan, Marcq, Gautier, Assmus, Mark A., Uçar, Taha, Claps, Francesco, Boltri, Matteo, La Montagna, Giuseppe, Burnhope, Tara, Nkwam, Nkwam, Austin, Toma, Boxall, Nicholas E., Downey, Alison P., Sukhu, Troy A., Antón-Juanilla, Marta, Rai, Sonpreet, Chin, Yew-Fung, Moore, Madeline, Drake, Tamsin, Green, James S. A., Goulao, Beatriz, Maclennan, Graeme, Nielsen, Matthew, Mcgrath, John S., Kasivisvanathan, Veeru, Chaudry, Aasem, Sharma, Abhishek, Bennett, Adam, Ahmad, Adnan, Abroaf, Ahmed, Suliman, Ahmed Musa, Lloyd, Aimee, Mckay, Alastair, Wong, Albert, Silva, Alberto, Schneider, Alexandre, Mackay, Alison, Knight, Allen, Grigorakis, Alkiviadi, Bdesha, Amar, Nagle, Amy, Cebola, Ana, Dhanasekaran, Ananda Kumar, Kondža, Andraž, Barcelos, André, Galosi, Andrea Benedetto, Ebur, Andrea, Minervini, Andrea, Russell, Andrew, Webb, Andrew, de Jalón, Ángel García, Desai, Ankit, Czech, Anna Katarzyna, Mainwaring, Anna, Adimonye, Anthony, Das, Arighno, Figueiredo, Arnaldo, Villers, Arnauld, Leminski, Artur, Chippagiri, Arvinda, Lal, Asim Ahmed, Yıldırım, Asıf, Voulgaris, Athanasios Mario, Uzan, Audrey, Oo, Aye Moh Moh, Younis, Ayman, Zelhof, Bachar, Mukhtar, Bashir, Ayres, Ben, Challacombe, Ben, Sherwood, Benedict, Ristau, Benjamin, Lai, Billy, Nellensteijn, Brechtje, Schreiter, Brielle, Trombetta, Carlo, Dowling, Catherine, Hobbs, Catherine, Benitez, Cayo Augusto Estigarribia, Lebacle, Cédric, Ho, Cherrie Wing Yin, Ng, Chi-Fai, Mount, Chloe, Lam, Chon Meng, Blick, Chri, Brown, Christian, Gallegos, Christopher, Higgs, Claire, Browne, Clíodhna, Mccann, Conor, Plaza Alonso, Cristina, Beder, Daniel, Cohen, Daniel, Gordon, Daniel, Wilby, Daniel, Gordon, Danny, Hrouda, David, Lau, David Hua Wu, Karsza, Dávid, Mak, David, Martin-Way, David, Suthaharan, Denula, Patel, Dhruv, Carrion, Diego M, Nyanhongo, Donald, Bass, Edward, Mains, Edward, Chau, Edwin, Canelon Castillo, Elba, Day, Elizabeth, Desouky, Elsayed, Gaines, Emily, Papworth, Emma, Yuruk, Emrah, Kilic, Ene, Dinneen, Eoin, Palagonia, Erika, Xylinas, Evanguelo, Khawaja, Faizan, Cimarra, Fernando, Bardet, Florian, Kum, Francesca, Peters, Francesca, Kovács, Gábor, Tanasescu, Geroge, Hellawell, Gile, Tasso, Giovanni, Lam, Gitte, Pizzuto, Giuseppe, Lenart, Gordan, Özgür, Günal, Bi, Hai, Lyons, Hannah, Warren, Hannah, Ahmed, Hashim, Simpson, Helen, Burden, Helena, Gresty, Helena, Rios Pita, Hernado, Clarke, Holly, Serag, Hosam, Kynaston, Howard, Crawford-Smith, Hugh, Mostafid, Hugh, Otaola-Arca, Hugo, Koo, Hui Fen, Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Ouzaid, Idir, Puche-Sanz, Ignacio, Tomašković, Igor, Tinay, Ilker, Sahibzada, Iqbal, Thangasamy, Isaac, Cadena, Iván Revelo, Irani, Jacque, Udzik, Jakub, Brittain, Jame, Catto, Jame, Green, Jame, Tweedle, Jame, Hernando, Jamie Borrego, Leask, Jamie, Kalsi, Ja, Frankel, Jason, Toniolo, Jason, Raman, Jay D., Courcier, Jean, Kumaradeevan, Jeevan, Clark, Jennifer, Jones, Jennifer, Teoh, Jeremy Yuen-Chun, Iacovou, John, Kelly, John, Selph, John P., Aning, Jonathan, Deeks, Jon, Cobley, Jonathan, Olivier, Jonathan, Maw, Jonny, Herranz-Yagüe, José Antonio, Nolazco, Jose Ignacio, Cózar-Olmo, Jose Manuel, Bagley, Joseph, Jelski, Joseph, Norris, Joseph, Testa, Joseph, Meeks, Joshua, Hernandez, Juan, Vásquez, Juan Lui, Randhawa, Karen, Dhera, Karishma, Gronostaj, Katarzyna, Houlton, Kathleen, Lehman, Kathleen, Gillams, Kathryn, Adasonla, Kelvin, Brown, Kevin, Murtagh, Kevin, Mistry, Kiki, Davenport, Kim, Kitamura, Kosuke, Derbyshire, Laura, Clarke, Laurence, Morton, Lawrie, Martinez, Levin, Goldsmith, Louise, Paramore, Louise, Cormier, Luc, Dell'Atti, Lucio, Simmons, Lucy, Martinez-Piñeiro, Lui, Rico, Lui, Chan, Luke, Forster, Luke, Ma, Lulin, Gallego, Maria Camacho, Freire, Maria José, Emberton, Mark, Feneley, Mark, Rivero, Marta Viridiana Muñoz, Pirša, Matea, Tallè, Matteo, Crockett, Matthew, Liew, Matthew, Trail, Matthew, Peters, Max, Cooper, Meghan, Kulkarni, Meghana, Ager, Michael, He, Ming, Li, Mo, Omran Breish, Mohamed, Tarin, Mohamed, Aldiwani, Mohammed, Matanhelia, Mudit, Pasha, Muhammad, Akalın, Mustafa Kaan, Abdullah, Nasreen, Hale, Nathan, Gadiyar, Neha, Kocher, Neil, Bullock, Nichola, Campain, Nichola, Pavan, Nicola, Al-Ibraheem, Nihad, Bhatt, Nikita, Bedi, Nishant, Shrotri, Nitin, Lobo, Niyati, Balderas, Olga, Kouli, Omar, Capoun, Otakar, Oteo Manjavacas, Pablo, Gontero, Paolo, Mariappan, Paramananthan, Marchiñena, Patricio Garcia, Erotocritou, Paul, Sweeney, Paul, Planelles, Paula, Acher, Peter, Black, Peter C., Osei-Bonsu, Peter K, Østergren, Peter, Smith, Peter, Willemse, Peter-Paul Michiel, Chlosta, Piotr L., Ul Ain, Qurrat, Barratt, Rachel, Esler, Rachel, Khalid, Raihan, Hsu, Ray, Stamirowski, Remigiusz, Mangat, Reshma, Cruz, Ricardo, Ellis, Ricky, Adams, Robert, Hessell, Robert, Oomen, Robert J. A., Mcconkey, Robert, Ritchie, Robert, Jarimba, Roberto, Chahal, Rohit, Andres, Rosado Mario, Hawkins, Rosalyn, David, Rotimi, Manecksha, Rustom P., Agrawal, Sachin, Hamid, Syed Sami, Deem, Samuel, Goonewardene, Sanchia, Swami, Satchi Kuchibhotla, Hori, Satoshi, Khan, Shahid, Mohammud Inder, Shakeel, Sangaralingam, Shanthi, Marathe, Shekhar, Raveenthiran, Sheliyan, Horie, Shigeo, Sengupta, Shomik, Parson, Sian, Parker, Sidney, Hawlina, Simon, Williams, Simon, Mazzoli, Simone, Grzegorz Kata, Slawomir, Pinheiro Lopes, Sofia, Ramos, Sónia, Rintoul-Hoad, Sophie, O'Meara, Sorcha, Morris, Steve, Turner, Stacey, Venturini, Stefano, Almpanis, Stephano, Joniau, Steven, Jain, Sunjay, Mallett, Susan, Nikles, Sven, Shahzad, Null, Yan, Sylvia, Toma, Tarq, Cabañuz Plo, Teresa, Bonnin, Thierry, Muilwijk, Tim, Wollin, Tim, Chu, Timothy Shun Man, Appanna, Timson, Brophy, Tom, Ellul, Tom, Smrkolj, Tomaž, Rowe, Tracey, Sukhu, Troy, Patel, Trushar, Garg, Tullika, Çaşkurlu, Turhan, Bele, Uro, Haroon, Usman, Crespo-Atín, Víctor, Parejo Cortes, Victor, Capapé Poves, Victoria, Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Gauhar, Vineet, During, Vinnie, Kumar, Vivek, Fiala, Vojtech, Mahmalji, Wasim, Lam, Wayne, Fung Chin, Yew, Filtekin, Yigit, Chyn Phan, Yih, Ibrahim, Youssed, Glaser, Zachary A, Abiddin, Zainal Adwin, Qin, Zijian, Zotter, Zsuzsanna, and Zainuddin, Zulkifli

Subjects
Renal cancer, Prostate cancer, Risk factors, Urology, Bladder cancer, Urothelial cancer, Risk factor, Urinary tract cancer, Haematuria, Risk Calculator
Abstract

Background: Patient factors associated with urinary tract cancer can be used to risk stratify patients referred with haematuria, prioritising those with a higher risk of cancer for prompt investigation. Objective: To develop a prediction model for urinary tract cancer in patients referred with haematuria. Design, setting, and participants: A prospective observational study was conducted in 10 282 patients from 110 hospitals across 26 countries, aged ≥16 yr and referred to secondary care with haematuria. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The primary outcomes were the presence or absence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC], and renal cancer). Mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression was performed with site and country as random effects and clinically important patient-level candidate predictors, chosen a priori, as fixed effects. Predictors were selected primarily using clinical reasoning, in addition to backward stepwise selection. Calibration and discrimination were calculated, and bootstrap validation was performed to calculate optimism. Results and limitations: The unadjusted prevalence was 17.2% (n = 1763) for bladder cancer, 1.20% (n = 123) for UTUC, and 1.00% (n = 103) for renal cancer. The final model included predictors of increased risk (visible haematuria, age, smoking history, male sex, and family history) and reduced risk (previous haematuria investigations, urinary tract infection, dysuria/suprapubic pain, anticoagulation, catheter use, and previous pelvic radiotherapy). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the final model was 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.85-0.87). The model is limited to patients without previous urological malignancy. Conclusions: This cancer prediction model is the first to consider established and novel urinary tract cancer diagnostic markers. It can be used in secondary care for risk stratifying patients and aid the clinician's decision-making process in prioritising patients for investigation. Patient summary: We have developed a tool that uses a person's characteristics to determine the risk of cancer if that person develops blood in the urine (haematuria). This can be used to help prioritise patients for further investigation.

Published
2022

20. 'No bladder visible on ultrasound scan--has the patient had a cystectomy?' A case of emphysematous cystitis.

Author

Ni Raghallaigh H, Rintoul-Hoad S, Emsley E, and Nawrocki J

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination therapeutic use, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Cystitis complications, Cystitis drug therapy, Diagnosis, Differential, Emphysema complications, Emphysema drug therapy, Gentamicins therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Ultrasonography, Urinary Bladder surgery, beta-Lactamase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Cystectomy, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Urinary Bladder diagnostic imaging
Published
2014
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