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Antecedentes: La infección por Virus Papiloma Humano (VPH) es una enfermedad de transmisión sexual, que afecta a un alto porcentaje de mujeres jóvenes de todo el mundo. Su alta incidencia está asociada al inicio precoz y mayor frecuencia de la actividad sexual. A pesar de que la infección por VPH está ampliamente difundida en el mundo, es una infección aún desconocida por la población, lo que asociado a diversos factores culturales, favorece el desarrollo de múltiples creencias que dificultan la prevención y diagnóstico precoz. Objetivo: Identificar, describir y analizar las principales creencias relacionadas al VPH. Método: Se realizó búsqueda bibliográfica en MEDLINE, ProQuest, Scielo y metabuscador Tripdatabase, seleccionándose para su análisis, 45 artículos. Análisis del tema: La educación en salud debe considerar aspectos cognitivos, sociales y culturales de donde emergen las creencias de la población para poder abordarlas con un modelo teórico que lo sustente. Las creencias identificadas en esta revisión corresponden a la relación de infección por VPH y cáncer de cuello uterino en donde en general esta asociación es reconocida; creencias en relación al riesgo de contraer la infección por VPH asociado al nivel de conocimiento; estoicismo; negación y fatalismo/familismo presente preferentemente en las mujeres en donde niegan su enfermedad postergando su diagnóstico y tratamiento por mantener el bienestar de la familia.Background: The infection produced by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted disease that affects a large percentage of young women around the world. This high incidence of HPV infection is associated with early onset and greater frequency of sexual activity. Although HPV infection is widespread in the world, is still an unknown infection, which is associated with cultural factors that favor the development of multiple beliefs that hinder the prevention and early diagnosis. Objective: To identify, describe and analyze the major beliefs that limit HPV detection. Methods: Literature search was carried out in MEDLINE, Pro-Quest, Scielo and Tripdatabase metasearch, selecting 45 articles for analysis. Analysis of the theme: The health education should consider cultural and social cognitive aspects of a given society and culture from which they emerge to address these beliefs with a theoretical model to support it. The beliefs identified in this review correspond to the relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer where the association is generally recognized, beliefs regarding the risk of HPV infection associated with the level of knowledge, stoicism, denial and fatalism/familism preferably present in women who deny their illness where diagnosis and treatment are postponed for maintaining the family and others.

Antecedentes: El cáncer cervicouterino (CC) se ha convertido en los últimos años en el cáncer más común en la mujer. La detección precoz a través del screening de PAP ha sido insuficiente, siendo indispensable buscar nuevas estrategias para prevenirlo, una de las cuales es la incorporación de intervenciones educativas. Objetivos: Conocer las intervenciones educativas destinadas a la prevención del CC e identificar sus características principales. Método: Se realizó búsqueda bibliográfica en MEDLINE, ProQuest, Scielo y metabuscador Tripdatabase, seleccionándose para su análisis, 15 artículos que respondían al objetivo planteado. Análisis: Las intervenciones educativas utilizadas para la prevención del CC abordan temas como el conocimiento general sobre CC, PAP y HPV, las creencias sobre CC, y las actitudes preventivas entre otros. Los folletos educativos y las sesiones de discusión son las metodologías más utilizadas en este tipo de intervenciones, midiéndose la efectividad de éstas a través de la aplicación de pre y post test, ya sea inmediatamente después de la intervención, o a lo largo del tiempo. Se observa que este tipo de intervenciones educativas son efectivas para mejorar aspectos como el nivel de conocimiento en la población y la adquisición de conductas preventivas (adherencia a la toma de PAP). Conclusión: Considerando los beneficios de las intervenciones educativas en la prevención del CC, se hace fundamental ampliar su utilización, no olvidando que su empleo implica la prevención de la enfermedad, pudiéndose evitar muertes de mujeres jóvenes y el aumento de la carga de salud por enfermedad de un país.Background: Cervical cancer has become in recent years the most common cancer in women. Early detection through screening of PAP has been insufficient, being indispensable to search for new strategies to prevent it, one of which is the incorporation of educational interventions. Objective: To educational interventions aimed at preventing cervical cancer and identify its main features. Method: Literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, ProQuest, Scielo and Tripdatabase, selecting for analysis, 15 research articles that reflected the purpose stated. Analysis: Educational interventions used to address cervical cancer prevention topics such as general knowledge about cervical cancer, PAP and HPV, cervical cancer beliefs, attitudes, preventive against this disease, among others. The educational brochures (pamphlets) and discussion sessions are the methodologies used in these interventions, measuring the effectiveness of these through the application of pre and post test, either immediately after surgery, or over time. Note that this type of educational interventions are effective in improving aspects such as the level of knowledge in the population and the acquisition of preventive behavior (adherence to PAP). Conclusion: Considering the benefits of educational interventions in the prevention of cervical cancer, it is essential to expand its use, not forgetting that their job involves the prevention of the disease, being able to prevent deaths of young women and increasing health burden of disease of a country.

The deracinating process Latin Americans undergo as a result of their migrating to Europe has been occurring approximately for two hundred years now. It came to be a cultural topic, subsequently integrated to culture as a self-developing phenomenon, especially in the field of both literature and oral communication. Out of the 'root tearing' experience, four basic types may be told apart: Small craftsmen, Transplanted, Exiled, and Transhumants (culture-syncretizing migrants). These experience-related prototypes represent specific socio-cultural forms established during this generic experience which, in turn, lead those involved to assume different forms of self-awareness as well as articulating their lives within the new environment. The study focuses on the deracinating experience effects on the migrants, and how it affects their psychosocial health. Furthermore, the terms -necessary to scrutinize the problem from the migrants' perspective- are defined.

The consumption of alcohol by the population becomes a theme of medical-social relevance in so far as the excessive or problematic habit of drinking alcohol leads to the syndrome of alcoholism and may affect substantially the mental health of the population. This paper tries to introduce the theoretical and practical study of the psychocultural development of the alcohol drinking behaviour, based on some exemplary cases of Chile, Columbia and Mexico, in Latin America. Essential themes are: Which kind of relations does exist between the socio-economic conditions and the alcohol consumption behaviour in each particular case? Which are the social and/or age groups with greater propensity towards problematic drinking habits? Which of the autochthnous cultural elements are available for preventive activities inside the community?