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BACKGROUND: There are various conventional and emerging surgical modalities for management of fistula in ano. But every modality has its own pros and cons. The aim of our study was to compare various surgical modalities in term of its recurrence rate, cost and their complication rates Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was conducted with 50 patients from July 2016 to June 2018. Prospective data was collected on proforma basis regarding clinical presentation, imaging findings, various surgical modalities, complications and reoperation rate. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 40.04 ± 10.77 years. The most common type of surgery was Fistulectomy (28%) and Fistula plug (28%) followed by Fistulotomy (20%), Seton Application (16%) and Video Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment (VAAFT) (8%).8 (16%) patients required reoperation. There was no significant association of reoperation and type of surgery in patients (p>0.05). The mean values of post-operative recovery (VAS Score) at different time intervals (post-op, post-op 3 months and post-op 6 months) was comparable and statistically not significant as per ANOVA test (p>0.05). There was no significant association of post-operative recovery (VAS Score) and type of surgery in patients. There was no significant association of post-operative complications after 3 months and 6 months and type of surgery in patients (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: All the surgical modalities used in our study revealed comparable success rate and no significant differences in complication rates. A large randomised controlled trial comparing various surgical modalities is required in future to decide the best surgical method to treat fistula in ano.

Mature cystic teratoma is the most common benign tumor of the ovaries in women of reproductive age. Dermoid tumor in an ectopic or aberrant location is usually detected incidentally. The occurrence of a dermoid tumor in the fallopian tubes is extremely rare, with only approximately 75 cases being reported worldwide in the English language literature. This report describes a left-sided fallopian tube dermoid tumor in a 27-year-old woman with chronic right tubal ectopic gestation and discusses its clinical implications. Inspection of the contralateral fallopian tube in a woman with a ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy is required clinically to rule out bilateral tubal ectopic gestation. Although rare, the ectopic presence of a dermoid tumor in the fallopian tube may be an incidental finding requiring surgical removal.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a benign histiocytic disorder usually affecting the head and trunk region of a child. The isolated occurrence of JXG in the penile shaft of a young adult is hitherto unreported. This lesion is amenable to surgical resection although systemic and/or internal visceral involvement can occur. The clinical differential of this solid cystic lesion may include other solid cystic lesions of the penile shaft, namely, epidermal inclusion cyst. A typical yellowish color can aid in the diagnosis though it is not a constant feature. In this article, we discuss a case of isolated penile JXG in a young adult with salient clinical and histopathological differentials.