Search

New antibiotics should ideally exhibit activity against drug-resistant bacteria, delay the development of bacterial resistance to them and be suitable for local delivery at desired sites of infection. Here, we report the rational design, via molecular-docking simulations, of a library of 17 candidate antibiotics against bone infection by wild-type and mutated bacterial targets. We screened this library for activity against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates and identified an antibiotic that exhibits potent activity against resistant strains and the formation of biofilms, decreases the chances of bacterial resistance and is compatible with local delivery via a bone-cement matrix. The antibiotic-loaded bone cement exhibited greater efficacy than currently used antibiotic-loaded bone cements against staphylococcal bone infections in rats. Potent and locally delivered antibiotic-eluting polymers may help address antimicrobial resistance.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Chronic non-puerperal complete uterine inversion is a relatively rare condition. Abdominal Haultain's operation is the usual management. We present such a case with fundal fibroids managed by modified vaginal hysterectomy. METHODS Preoperative computerized tomography enhanced intravenous urogram depicted normal ureters and bladder. Diluted vasopressin (10 U in 100 ml normal saline) was infiltrated at the base of the myoma and a myomectomy was performed. The fundal raw area was pierced to reach the formed space between the anterior and posterior uterine serosa. The bilateral round ligaments were clamped, cut, and ligated. Diluted vasopressin was injected into the fundal anterior uterine wall and about 1 cm was excised. Then, the bilateral utero-ovarian ligaments were clamped, cut, and ligated. In the same way another 1 cm of anterior uterine wall was excised and the bilateral uterine vessels were clamped, cut, and ligated. The rest of the uterine wall area was infiltrated with diluted vasopressin circumferentially. An incision at the vesico-cervical junction was made and the bladder pushed up. The posterior fornix area was incised and the Pouch of Douglas (POD) opened. Vesico-uterine pouch opened under finger guidance placed through POD. The rest of the anterior uterine wall was excised. Exposed bilateral cardinal-uterosacral ligament complexes (CULCs) were clamped, cut, and ligated. The remaining vaginal attachments ligated hemostatically and the vault was closed. For vault prolapse prevention, vault closure suture ends were tied with ipsilateral CULC suture end, brought outside the vagina at vault angle. RESULTS A follow-up visit up to 1 year found no complications. CONCLUSION This novel reverse vaginal hysterectomy combining the principles of both abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy can successfully manage chronic non-puerperal complete uterine inversion.

Two novel isomeric strapped calix[4]pyrroles were synthesized using diether straps derived from naphthalene as the fluorescent reporting unit for the first time. The receptor derived from 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene displays highest sensitivity towards Cl− ion, whereas that derived from 2,7-analogue shows peak sensitivity for F− ion.

Calix[4]pyrrole bearing catechol-derived diether strap linked via alkyl chains has been synthesized and characterized for the first time. The strap with 1,2-diether link is providing a relatively constrained geometry on its side of the calix[4]pyrrole moiety. As a result only one isomer (cis-type) of the receptor formed during reaction. The crystal structure reveals two molecules of methanol bound to the host. This calix[4]pyrrole also exhibits enhanced binding towards halide anions compared to simple calix[4]pyrrole apart from showing binding towards dihydrogenphosphate and acetate ions. The association constants are quite similar to that found for orcinol strapped calix[4]pyrrole towards halide anions in general, but having a higher preference for chloride than bromide ion in particular. Further it shows very strong preference towards fluoride ion.

Four new calix[4]pyrroles with the shortest possible strap so far through ortho-linking of the aromatic unit have been synthesized, including a naphthalene-derived fluorescent receptor. They show exclusive selectivity toward the fluoride ion as confirmed by (1)H NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry, and fluorescence spectroscopic study. Anion affinity could also be modulated further via functionalization at the strap. Computational analysis displays calix[4]pyrroles binding to fluoride ion in a very unusual 1,3-alternate conformation where the anion resides on the opposite side of the strap.