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Se propone en este artículo una aproximación historiográfica a la Flora de Filipinas del misionero agustino Manuel Blanco, tratado en el que convergen necesariamente botánica, medicina natural y lingüística por las especificidades del contexto histórico. El recorrido por los aspectos de mayor incidencia en estas coordenadas en la actividad científica y una aproximación a las diferentes ediciones de la Flora, sus fuentes bibliográficas y su proyección nos permitirán visualizar cómo Manuel Blanco hizo posible la eclosión de la ciencia botánica en Filipinas amalgamando, a lo largo de su dilatada trayectoria, la medicina tradicional indígena con los avances de la botánica europea, con el soporte imprescindible de la tradición lexicográfica misionera.

La obra del escritor e ilustrador Anthony Browne se caracteriza por una temática variada, centrada en la complejidad de las relaciones humanas, presentadas a través de alusiones y del manejo de la transtextualidad para ayudarnos a conseguir una comprensión profunda de sus obras enriquecidas con su narrativa visual y literaria en forma de hipertextos. Para ello incorpora numerosas referencias del mundo artístico y pictórico contemporáneo, que, de la mano de la imaginación y bagaje de los lectores, permite una reinterpretación de sus obras y un acercamiento al mundo del arte y de la cultura visual. El propósito de este trabajo es determinar cuál es la función y el sentido de las referencias pictóricas que Anthony Browne introduce en sus obras a partir del análisis de algunas de ellas. Así, en las obras de Browne encontramos hipotextos con distintas funciones (narrativa, de homenaje y formativa o didáctica) que se pueden incluso entreverar en un mismo álbum.

Background: Persistent symptoms extending beyond the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as Post-COVID condition (PCC), continue to impact many individuals years after the COVID-19 pandemic began. This highlights an urgent need for a deeper understanding and effective treatments. While significant progress has been made in understanding the acute phase of COVID-19 through omics-based approaches, the proteomic alterations linked to the long-term effects of the infection remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate these proteomic changes and develop a method for stratifying disease severity. Methods: Using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment Ion Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS) technology, we performed comprehensive proteomic profiling of blood samples from 65 PCC patients. Both plasma and pellet (cellular components) fractions were analyzed to capture a wide array of proteomic changes associated with PCC. Results: Proteomic profiling revealed distinct differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic PCC patients. In the plasma fraction, symptomatic patients exhibited significant upregulation of proteins involved in coagulation, immune response, oxidative stress, and various metabolic processes, while certain immunoglobulins and proteins involved in cellular stress responses were downregulated. In the pellet fraction, symptomatic patients showed upregulation of proteins related to immune response, coagulation, oxidative stress, and metabolic enzymes, with downregulation observed in components of the complement system, glycolysis enzymes, and cytoskeletal proteins. A key outcome was the development of a novel severity scale based on the concentration of identified proteins, which correlated strongly with the clinical symptoms of PCC. This scale, derived from unsupervised clustering analysis, provides precise quantification of PCC severity, enabling effective patient stratification. Conclusions: The identified proteomic alterations offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying PCC, highlighting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This research supports the development of tailored clinical interventions to alleviate persistent symptoms, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. The quantifiable measure of disease severity aids clinicians in understanding the condition in individual patients, facilitating personalized treatment plans and accurate monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy.

El trabajo realiza una caracterización de estudios que abordaron mediciones de orientación sexual e identidad de género (OSIG) en la región. Luego propone una categorización de las identidades sexo-genéricas para estudios específicos con población LGBTI+, la cual recurre a resultados de una encuesta web autoadministrada con muestreo no probabilístico por autoselección a 15.211 personas de 16 años o más no heterosexuales, no endosex y/o no cisgéneros de Argentina. A partir de la propuesta, se reflexiona sobre desafíos para la medición de OSIG en estudios con población específica en el país.

Background & Aims: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) has been shown to adequately predict outcomes in patients with liver disease. However, the value of LSM as a predictor of disease progression in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remains to be determined. This study aimed to evaluate the role of LSM as a predictor of disease progression and decompensation of cirrhosis in patients with AIH. Methods: This multicentre cohort study included 439 patients with histologically confirmed AIH and at least one LSM during follow-up. The association between the first LSM performed at least 6 months after treatment initiation (baseline LSM [BLSM]) and cirrhosis development and poor outcomes (decompensation, liver transplantation, and/or liver-related death) was assessed using Cox regression and its discriminating capacity with a receiver-operating characteristic curve. Results: Most patients were female (n = 301, 70%), with a median age of 52 years. BLSM performed after a median of 2.18 (1.19-4.68) years had a median value of 6 kPa (4.5-8.5). At the time of BLSM, 332 (76%) patients had achieved a biochemical response and 57 (13%) had cirrhosis. During follow-up, eight patients (2%) presented with poor outcomes and 26 (7%) developed cirrhosis. BLSM was higher among patients with poor outcomes (13.5 kPa vs. 6 kPa; p

In recent years, laser scanning and other survey techniques have become popular for documenting and preserving architectural and structural heritage, including masonry bridges. These bridges require careful monitoring to ensure proper structural integrity analyses. However, analysing large datasets of complex point clouds can be challenging and time consuming. This research introduces an automated method to quickly assess the geometric characteristics of vault of bridges by means of a simple algorithm purposely developed for this application. The developed methodology was implemented in MATLAB. The main geometric features, such as length, arrow, and span, are extracted, and conditional algorithms classify the vault types based on specific thresholds. The methodology is tested on surveyed masonry bridges coming from a case study: the historical Circumetnea railway bridges in Sicily, Italy. A digital survey campaign was conducted using various survey techniques such as laser scanning and photogrammetry to obtain the vault point clouds. This research represents a step forward from previous methodologies by efficiently segmenting and analysing vaults from point clouds, enabling accurate classification and geometric analysis.

Resumen: El tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) se basa en cuatro pilares básicos que son la alimentación, el ejercicio, la educación terapéutica y la terapia farmacológica.Existen 10 grupos de antidiabéticos que se pueden clasificar de acuerdo con su mecanismo de acción, efectos sobre el peso corporal, riesgo de hipoglucemias y capacidad de reducir el desarrollo de complicaciones.La elección de la medicación se hará de forma individualizada según las preferencias y las características del individuo, tomando en consideración la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV), insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), obesidad o esteatosis hepática no alcohólica.El algoritmo de tratamiento de la DM2 de la Fundación red de grupos para el estudio de la diabetes en atención primaria de salud (RedGDPS) es una herramienta basada en la evidencia, que nos puede ayudar a seleccionar la terapia farmacológica más adecuada, dependiendo de las características de cada paciente. Abstract: The treatment of type 2 diabetes is based on four fundamental pillars: diet, exercise, therapeutic education, and pharmacological therapy.There are ten groups of antidiabetic drugs that can be classified according to their mechanism of action, effects on body weight, risk of hypoglycemia, and ability to reduce the development of complications.The choice of medication will be individualized based on the preferences and characteristics of the individual, taking into consideration the presence of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, obesity, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.The type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment algorithm from the RedGDPS Foundation is an evidence-based tool that can help us select the most appropriate pharmacological therapy depending on the characteristics of each patient.

Resumen: La simulación clínica (SC) en Medicina se encuentra en crecimiento y es actualmente complementaria a la formación convencional, siendo ambos enfoques necesarios. Dispone de evidencia y aceptación por la comunidad científica. Ofrece ventajas educativas y evaluativas, permitiendo a través del análisis crítico, una práctica segura, con igualdad de oportunidades para los participantes y puede promover tanto competencias técnicas como humanísticas. Los avances tecnológicos suponen una oportunidad, facilitan escenarios más realistas y permiten la práctica repetitiva. A pesar de los desafíos económicos, la simulación clínica contribuye a la formación de profesionales de una forma más completa, equitativa y segura. Abstract: Clinical Simulation (SC) in Medicine is growing and is currently complementary to conventional learning, both approaches being necessary. There is evidence and is widely accepted by the scientific community. It offers educational and evaluative advantages, allowing trough critical analysis, a safe practice, with equal opportunities for participants, and promoting both technical and humanistic competencies. Technological advances provide an opportunity by facilitating more realistic scenarios and repetitive practice. Despite economic challenges, Clinical Simulation contributes to the training of professionals in a more complete, equitable and safe way.

Background: In today’s society, low levels of physical activity are observed in the child and adolescent population, which can cause numerous pathologies, such as obesity and mental health problems. Objective: This article aims to compile all the contexts and scenarios where it is possible to increase the levels of daily physical activity of children and young people, and which have significant scientific support. Method. To do so, a literature review was carried out examining four key contexts for intervention: school, extracurricular, family, and socio-community. Results: The results indicate that the school context, with strategies such as physical education classes and active breaks, is crucial but insufficient on its own, so it is essential to complement it with interventions in extracurricular, family, and socio-community environments. The involvement of families, access to adequate infrastructure such as parks and green areas, and the responsible use of technology, including active video games and the role of influencers on social networks, are presented as key elements to combat a sedentary lifestyle. Conclusions: It is important to highlight the importance of establishing socio-educational programs that adopt a comprehensive approach to promote physical activity in children and youth, highlighting the scientific evidence that supports the effectiveness of intervening in multiple scenarios. This review concludes that a coordinated approach between different actors (schools, families, communities) is necessary to ensure that children and youth reach adequate levels of physical activity, which not only improves their physical health, but also their mental well-being and cognitive development.

A review of the application of remote sensing technologies in the SHM and management of existing bridges is presented, showing their capabilities and advantages, as well as the main drawbacks when specifically applied to bridge assets. The main sensing technologies used as corresponding platforms are discussed. This is complemented by the presentation of five case studies emphasizing the wide field of application in several bridge typologies and the justification for the selection of the optimal techniques depending on the objectives of the monitoring and assessment of a particular bridge. The review shows the potentiality of remote sensing technologies in the decision-making process regarding optimal interventions in bridge management. The data gathered by them are the mandatory precursors for determining the relevant performance indicators needed for the quality control of these important infrastructure assets.

Modern society has plunged us into a maelstrom of telematics information with little control. Teachers from any field must be trained in order to pass on the confidence and values to withstand this media pressure to their students. To this end, one of the areas of knowledge on which greater emphasis should be placed is that related to emotional intelligence. The study reported on here focused on this type of knowledge among professional music studies teachers in conservatories, asking what the perception of this group on the aforementioned area of knowledge is and to what extent it has been received during their initial training. For this investigation we used a quantitative methodological approach, and via descriptive analysis, a non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and inferential analysis, we found significant differences regarding the two scales considered: level of agreement and emotional intelligence training received. Furthermore, regarding the descriptive variables, significant differences were also found through the application of the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis test.

Hematological cancers are among the most common cancers in adults and children. Despite significant improvements in therapies, many patients still succumb to the disease. Therefore, novel therapies are needed. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) family regulates actin assembly in conjunction with the Arp2/3 complex, a ubiquitous nucleation factor. WASp is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and exists in two allosteric conformations: autoinhibited or activated. Here, we describe the development of EG-011, a first-in-class small molecule activator of the WASp auto-inhibited form. EG-011 possesses in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity as a single agent in lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma, including models of secondary resistance to PI3K, BTK, and proteasome inhibitors. The in vitro activity was confirmed in a lymphoma xenograft. Actin polymerization and WASp binding was demonstrated using multiple techniques. Transcriptome analysis highlighted homology with drugs-inducing actin polymerization.

O capitalismo tem passado por mudanças que alteraram a base material e os mecanismos de controle do trabalho, fenômeno que tem sido denominado nova morfologia do trabalho. Seus reflexos no campo da arquitetura têm recebido pouca atenção do meio acadêmico. Frente a essa lacuna, a presente pesquisa questionou: que traços dessa nova morfologia se manifestam no cotidiano laboral dos jovens arquitetos? Para respondê-la, foram entrevistados 30 jovens arquitetos. A estrutura de análise das respostas foi construída a partir de cinco atributos: flexibilidade, informalidade, captura da subjetividade, impacto na saúde mental e desorganização de classe. Os resultados sugerem a penetração desses atributos no cotidiano laboral dos profissionais que, se não surgiram no atual contexto, encontraram nele terreno fértil para se expandir e justificar. Reconhecemos, entretanto, a existência de formas menos puras (ou híbridas) dessa nova morfologia entre os profissionais entrevistados.

Introduction and Objectives: Different patterns of liver injury have been reported in association with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The aim of this study was to describe a nationwide cohort of patients with SARS CoV-2 vaccine-induced liver injury, focusing on treatment and the evolution after further booster administration. Patients and Methods: multicentre, retrospective-prospective study, including subjects who developed abnormal liver tests within 90 days after administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Results: 47 cases were collected: 17 after prime dose and 30 after booster. Age was 57 years, 30 (63.8 %) were female, and 7 (14.9 %) had a history of prior autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Most cases were non-severe, though 9 (19.1 %) developed acute liver injury or failure (ALF). Liver injury tended to be more severe in those presenting after a booster (p=0.084). Pattern of liver injury was hepatocellular (80.9 %), mixed (12.8 %) and 3 (6.4 %) cholestatic. Liver biopsy was performed on 33 patients; 29 showed findings of AIH. Forty-one (87.2 %) patients received immunosuppressants, mostly corticosteroids (35/41). One required liver transplantation and another died due to ALF. Immunosuppression was discontinued in 6/41 patients without later rebound. Twenty-five subjects received at least one booster and 7 (28.0 %) relapsed from the liver injury, but all were non-severe. Recurrence was less frequent among patients on immunosuppressants at booster administration (28.6 % vs. 88.9 %, p=0.007). Conclusions: SARS CoV-2 vaccine-induced liver injury is heterogeneous but mostly immune-mediated. Relapse of liver injury after re-exposure to vaccine is frequent (28.0 %) but mild. Immunosuppression at booster administration is associated with a lower risk of liver injury.

: BACKGROUND: Although pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a scarcity of data demonstrating the cost-effectiveness and effectiveness of PR in reducing exacerbations. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study in 200 patients with COPD was conducted to determine the number of exacerbations 1 year before and after their participation in a PR program. Quality of life was measured using the COPD assessment test and EuroQol-5D. The costs of the program and exacerbations were assessed the year before and after participation in the PR program. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). RESULTS: The number of admissions, length of hospital stay, and admissions to the emergency department decreased after participation in the PR program by 48.2, 46.6, and 42.5, respectively (P < 0.001 for all). Results on quality of life tests improved significantly (P < 0.001 for the two tests). The cost of PR per patient and the cost of pre-PR and post-PR exacerbations were €1867.7 and €7895.2 and €4201.9, respectively. The PR resulted in a cost saving of €1826 (total, €365,200) per patient/year, and the gain in QALYs was+0.107. ICER was -€17,056. The total cost was CONCLUSIONS: PR contributes to reducing the number of exacerbations in patients with COPD, thereby slowing clinical deterioration. In addition, it is cost-effective in terms of QALYs. Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cost-effectiveness study, exacerbations, pulmonary rehabilitation, Author(s): Maria Elena Toubes-Navarro [1]; Francisco Gude-Sampedro [2]; José Manuel Álvarez-Dobaño [3,4]; Francisco Reyes-Santias [5]; Carlos Rábade-Castedo [1]; Carlota Rodríguez-García [1]; Óscar Lado-Baleato [6,7]; Raquel Lago-Fidalgo [2,8]; Noelia Sánchez-Martínez [2,8]; [...]

Abstract Background In 1990, David Barker proposed that prenatal nutrition is directly linked to adult cardiovascular disease. Since then, the relationship between adult cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome and birth weight has been widely documented. Here, we used the TruSeq Methyl Capture EPIC platform to compare the methylation patterns in cord blood from large for gestational age (LGA) vs adequate for gestational age (AGA) newborns from the LARGAN cohort. Results We found 1672 differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) with a nominal p

Shot peening is generally used to improve the fatigue performance of mechanical components. However, identifying the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the shots that improve fatigue strength is still a challenging task, as there are many variables involved in the shot peening process. The present work addresses the effect of different shot media on the fatigue behaviour of an aluminium alloy 6082 T6. Four different shot types were used: silica microspheres, alumina shots, aluminium cut wire and zinc cut wire. Axial fatigue tests were carried out to obtain the Wöhler curves corresponding to each shot peening treatment. The surface properties of the shot-peened specimens, such as grain size, hardness, residual stress and roughness were measured to determine their effect on the fatigue results. The fatigue results revealed that silica and zinc shots increased significantly the fatigue life of the alloy, whereas alumina and aluminium shots reduced its fatigue strength. Almen intensities have shown to correlate well with grain refinement and strain hardening. However, better fatigue results were obtained with the shots that generated higher surface compressive residual stresses. It is believed that small and smooth shots are preferable to sharp and irregular ones, regardless of the Almen intensity or surface hardness attained with the latter.